1
As a negative, it does not necessarily restrict a marfūʿ muḍāriʿ following it to future time.
In a case of this kind, مَا is often substituted for it in explaining a phrase, as with لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرَّا مِنْ بِرٍّ in art. بر; and the muḍāriʿ is better rendered by the present than by the future.
1.1There is not any man standing—لَا رَجُلَ قَائِمٌ
But when the noun and the adjective are both simple words, and not separated, the adjective may be used in three different ways, as in لَا رَجُلَ ظَرِيفَ, ظَرِيفًا, and ظَرِيفٌ; otherwise it must be marfūʿ or manṣūb, but not mabnee.
Ibn-ʿAkeel: this relates to لا used لِنَفْىِ الجِنْسِ.
1.3There is nothing due to him, nor anything to be demanded of him—لَا لَهُ وَلَا عَلَيْهِ
This is how I have rendered the phrase under مَلَسَى, in three places.
When لا is a general negative, the context makes it allowable to leave out its subject, as in لَا عَلَيْكَ for لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكَ; and sometimes the predicate, when it is known, is left out, as in لَا بَأْسَ.
1.4
لَاشَ for لَا شَىْءَ: see لوش.
1.5[as the time occupied in saying لَا وَلَا]—كَلَا وَلَا
See an example under لوْذَان.
1.6olive-oil—لَا وَلَا
In allusion to the words in the Qurʾān 24:35; it occurs in a tradition.
Qur’ān 24:35 approximate — somewhere between 24:31 and 24:43 Lane cites “Kur xxiv. 35”
Qur’ān 24:35 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this word
ٱللَّهُ نُورُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ مَثَلُ نُورِهِۦ كَمِشْكَوٰةٍ فِيهَا مِصْبَاحٌ ۖ ٱلْمِصْبَاحُ فِى زُجَاجَةٍ ۖ ٱلزُّجَاجَةُ كَأَنَّهَا كَوْكَبٌ دُرِّىٌّ يُوقَدُ مِن شَجَرَةٍ مُّبَـٰرَكَةٍ زَيْتُونَةٍ لَّا شَرْقِيَّةٍ وَلَا غَرْبِيَّةٍ يَكَادُ زَيْتُهَا يُضِىٓءُ وَلَوْ لَمْ تَمْسَسْهُ نَارٌ ۚ نُّورٌ عَلَىٰ نُورٍ ۗ يَهْدِى ٱللَّهُ لِنُورِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَيَضْرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْأَمْثَـٰلَ لِلنَّاسِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌAllah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The Parable of His Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp enclosed in Glass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit from a blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil is well-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Light upon Light! Allah doth guide whom He will to His Light: Allah doth set forth Parables for men: and Allah doth know all things.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
1.7used as a prohibition—لَا يَقْرَأِ
used as a khabar with the same meaning—لا يَقْرَأُ
See a tradition beginning thus; see also the Qurʾān 56:78, and an example under رَهْنٌ.
Qur’ān 56:79 approximate — somewhere between 56:74 and 56:96 Lane cites “Kur lvi. 78”
Qur’ān 56:79 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this word
لَّا يَمَسُّهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱلْمُطَهَّرُونَWhich none shall touch but those who are clean:Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
1.8
لَا أَغَرُّ وَلَا بَهِيمٌ: see بَهِيمٌ.
1.9
لَا, which in pausing is pronounced لَأْ: see ا (near the end).
Show Lane's original text
, the negative, does not necessarily restrict to the signification of future time a marfooa aor. following it: in a case of this kind, مَا is often substituted for it in the explanation of a phrase; as in the instance of لَا يَعْرِفُ هِرَّا مِنْ بِرٍّ , in the TA, art. بر ; and the aor. is more properly rendered by the present than by the future. لَا رَجُلَ قَائِمٌ There is not any man standing: (Mugh:) but when the subst. and epithet are both simple words, and not separated, the latter may be used in three different ways; as in لَا رَجُلَ ظَرِيفَ and ظَرِيفًا and ظَرِيفٌ ; otherwise it must be marfooa or mansoob, but not mebnee: this relates to لا used لِنَفْىِ الجِنْسِ . (Ibn-'Akeel, p. 165.) لا , also, Lest. See رَكَبَهُ . [ لَا لَهُ وَلَا عَلَيْهِ There is nothing due to him, nor anything to be demanded of him. (Thus I have rendered this phrase, voce مَلَسَى , in three places.) For] when لا is a general negative, the context renders it allowable to suppress its subject, as in لَا عَلَيْكَ , for لَا بَأْسَ عَلَيْكَ ; and sometimes the predicate, when known, is suppressed, as in لَا بَأْسَ . (Msb.) لَاشَ , for لَا شَىْءَ : see art. لوش . كَلَا وَلَا [As the time occupied in saying لَا وَلَا ]. See an ex. in the TA, voce لوْذَان . لَا وَلَا Olive-oil: in allusion to the words in the Kur xxiv. 35, occurring in a trad. لَا يَقْرَأِ , as a prohibition, and لا يَقْرَأُ as an enunciative with the same meaning: see a trad. thus commencing in the Jámi' es-Sagheer: and see the Kur lvi. 78: and see an ex. voce رَهْنٌ . لَا أَغَرُّ وَلَا بَهِيمٌ : see بَهِيمٌ . لَا in a case of pausation pronounced لَأْ : see art. ا (near the end).