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نهر

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 8 · Form 10  ·  12 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 113

Form 1نَهَرَ6 senses · 4 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarنَهْرٌ

Core sense — it ran, or flowed; he dug a river-channel; he chid him with rough speechgenerated

1.1it ran along the ground and made a channel for itself—نَهَرَ

Said of water. The channel it makes is a نَهْر [or channel like that of a river].

See also Form 10.

1.1.1it ran, or flowed—استنهر

Said of anything, or, in another copy, of anything copious.

Also written انتهر.

1.1.2it (blood) flowed like a river—أَنْهَرَ

Said of blood: it flowed with force.

Also said of a vein: it flowed and would not stop, that is, it flowed like a river; the same is expressed by انتهر.

it (the belly) became loose, or relaxed, or discharged itself—انهر

Also written انتهر.

1.2he (a man) dug a channel for a river—نَهَرَ

.

The channel dug is a نَهْر. He also made a نَهْر [or river] run, or flow.

1.3he made an inroad, or inroads, into enemy territory in the day-time—نَهرَ

.

1.4he chid him; he checked, restrained, or forbade him with rough speech—نَهَرَهُ

maṣdar نَهْرٌ and انتهرهُ.

Synonymous with زَجَرَهُ, or, in another copy, زَبَرَهُ.

he addressed him with chiding speech, forbidding him from doing evil—بِكَلَامٍ غَلِيظٍ

In the TA, quoting the T, عَنْ خَيْرٍ is wrongly put for عَنْ شَرٍّ.

[And as for the beggar, you shall not chide him, or address him with rough speech]—وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ

In the Qur’ān 93:10.

[Whoever chides the author of an innovation in religion, God will fill his heart with security and faith, and God will preserve him from the greatest terror]—مَنِ ٱنْتَهَرَ صَاحِبَ بِدْعَةٍ مَلَأَ ٱللّٰهُ قَلْبَهُ أَمْنًا وِإِيمَانًا وَأَمَّنَهُ ٱللّٰهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ ٱلْأَكْبَر

In a tradition.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
17:23
وَقَضَىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَّآ إِيَّاهُ وَبِٱلْوَٰلِدَيْنِ إِحْسَـٰنًا ۚ إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِندَكَ ٱلْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَآ أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُل لَّهُمَآ أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُل لَّهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا

Thy Lord hath decreed that ye worship none but Him, and that ye be kind to parents. Whether one or both of them attain old age in thy life, say not to them a word of contempt, nor repel them, but address them in terms of honour.

93:10
وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ

Nor repulse the petitioner (unheard);

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb,) aor. نَهَرَ , (Msb,) It (water) ran upon, or along, the ground, (S, TA,) and made for itself a نَهْر [or channel like that of a river]. (S.) See also 10. It (anything, as in one copy of the S, or anything copious, as in another copy of the S and in the TA) ran, or flowed; (S, TA;) as also استنهر , (S,) or انتهر . (TA.) It (blood) flowed with force: (Msb:) and أَنْهَرَ it (blood) flowed (K, TA) like a river: (TA:) and the latter also, it (a vein) flowed and would not stop; (K, TA;) meaning, it flowed like a river; (TA;) as also انتهر : (Sgh, K, TA:) and انهر also signifies the same said of the belly; (TA;) or it (the belly) became loose, or relaxed; or it discharged itself; (JK;) as also انتهر . (JK, K.) نَهَرَ , (S, K.) aor. نَهَرَ , (K,) inf. n. نَهْرٌ , (TA,) He (a man, S) dug a نَهْر [or channel for a river]: (S, TA:) he made a نَهْر [or river] to run, or flow. (K, TA.) نَهرَ , inf. n. نَهْرٌ , He made an inroad or incursion, or inroads or incursions, into the territory or territories of enemies, in the day-time. (TA.) نَهَرَهُ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. نَهَرَ , inf. n. نَهْرٌ ; (TA;) and انتهرهُ ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.;) He chid him; he checked him, restrained him, or forbade him, with rough speech; syn. زَجَرَهُ , (Mgh, Msb, K, and so in a copy of the S,) or زَبَرَهُ , (as in another copy of the S,) بِكَلَامٍ غَلِيظٍ : (Mgh:) be addressed him with chiding speech, (JK, A,) forbidding him from doing evil. (JK. [in the TA, citing the last explanation from the T, عَنْ خَيْرٍ is erroneously put for عَنْ شَرٍّ .]) It is said in the Kur, [xciii. 10,] وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّائِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ [And as for the beggar, thou shalt not chide him, or address him with rough speech]. And in a trad., مَنِ ٱنْتَهَرَ صَاحِبَ بِدْعَةٍ مَلَأَ ٱللّٰهُ قَلْبَهُ أَمْنًا وِإِيمَانًا وَأَمَّنَهُ ٱللّٰهُ مِنَ الفَزَعِ ٱلْأَكْبَر [Whoso chideth, or checketh with rough speech, the author of an innovation in religion, God will fill his heart with security and faith, and God will preserve him from the greatest terror]. (TA.)
Form 4انهر4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he made blood flow; he made it wide; he entered upon the day-timegenerated

4.1

See Form 1, in three places.

4.2figurative · مجاز[Make the blood flow, and so on, with whatever you please, except with something made of a tooth or a talon.]—أَنْهِرِ الدَّمَ بِمَا شِئْتَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ سِنِّ أَوْ ظُفُرٍ

In a tradition.

The issuing of the blood from the place of slaughter is likened to the flowing of water in a river.

He made blood flow; or made it appear and flow; or made it flow amply and copiously; or made it flow with force; or he poured it out copiously.

4.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

He made it wide: said of a spear-wound or the like, or of a نَهْر [or channel of a river], as is implied in the K, though other lexicons give it as the S does.

4.3

He was, or became, in the day-time; he entered upon the day-time. From النَّهَارُ.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1. in three places. He made blood to flow: (S:) or to appear and flow: (K:) or to flow amply and copiously: (Mgh:) or to flow with force: (Msb:) or he poured it forth copiously. (TA.) It is said in a trad., أَنْهِرِ الدَّمَ بِمَا شِئْتَ إِلَّا مَا كَانَ مِنْ سِنِّ أَوْ ظُفُرٍ [Make thou the blood to flow, &c., with what thou pleasest, except with what is made of a tooth or a talon.] (Mgh, Msb.) The issuing forth of the blood from the place of slaughter is likened to the flowing of water in a river. (TA.) He made it wide; (S, K;) namely, a spear-wound or the like, (S, TA,) or a نَهْر [or channel of a river], as is implied in the K, but in other lexicons as in the S. (TA.) He was, or became, in day-time: (S, * K, * TA:) he entered upon day-time: (MS:) from النَّهَارُ . (S.)
Form 8إِنْتَهَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he chid him with rough speech; it flowed like a rivergenerated

8.1

See Form 1, in five places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, in five places.
Form 10إِسْتَنْهَرَ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it took a settled place for its channel; it became widegenerated

10.1

See Form 1.

10.1.1

It (a river) took a place, or a settled place, for its channel.

In the CK النَّهْرَ is put by mistake for النَّهْرُ.

10.1.2

It (a thing) became wide.

Show Lane's original text
see 1. It (a river [in the CK النَّهْرَ is put by mistake for النَّهْرُ ]) took a place, (JK,) or a settle place, (K,) for its channel. (JK, K.) It (a thing) became wide. (S.)

Derived nouns 8

Nounنَهْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a river; a channel in which water runsgenerated

1figurative · مجازa channel in which water runs; or the water itself: a river, a rivulet, a brook, a canal of running water—نَهَرٌ

Most say: a channel in which water runs. Others: a wide channel in which water runs. Others again: the word originally means the water, or properly wide running water, and by a secondary, figurative application the trench or channel in which it runs.

Plurals: أَنْهُرٌ, a plural of few, of the first form; أَنْهَارٌ, of the second form, but used as a plural of either, both of few and of many, and the commonest of all; and نُهُرٌ, with two dammehs, of the first form; or نُهْرٌ and نُهُورٌ.

[The river ran, or flowed]—جَرَى النَّهْرُ

You say this as you say جَرَى المِيزَابُ.

[a channel of running water having much water]—نَهْرٌ كَثِير المَآءِ
[In gardens and among rivers]—فِى جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ

نَهَرٌ is also used in a plural sense, as in the Qur’ān 54:54, where it means أَنْهَارِ, like the phrase in the same chapter, verse 45, وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبْرَ, meaning الأَدْبَارَ; but it is explained otherwise as well. See نَهَرٌ below.

Show Lane's original text
and نَهَرٌ (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K) A channel in which water runs: (A, K:) so most say: or the water itself [that runs therein; i. e., a river; a rivulet; a brook; a canal of running water]: (TA:) or a wide channel in which water runs: originally, the water [that runs therein]: (Mgh:) or properly, wide running water: and by a secondary application, which is tropical. the trench or channel [in which it runs]: (Msb, TA *:) pl. [of pauc.] أَنْهُرٌ , (Msb, K,) a pl. of the former, (Msb,) and أَنْهَارٌ , (S, Msb, K,) a pl. of the latter, (Msb,) [but used as a pl. of either, both of pauc. and of mult. and the most common of all the pls.,] and نُهُرٌ , (Msb, and so in some copies of the K,) with two dammehs, a pl. of the former, (Msb,) or نُهْرٌ , (as in some copies of the K and in the TA,) and نُهُورٌ , (IAar, K.) You say, جَرَى النَّهْرُ [The river ran, or flowed]; like as you say, جَرَى المِيزَابُ . (Msb.) And نَهْرٌ كَثِير المَآءِ [A channel of running water having much water]. (A.) And نَهَرٌ is also used in a pl. sense: as in the Kur, [liv. 54], فِى جَنَّاتٍ وَنَهَرٍ [In gardens and among rivers], i. e., أَنْهَارِ ; like the phrase in the Kur, (same chap. verse 45,] وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبْرَ , (Fr, S.) meaning الأَدْبَارَ , (Fr, TA:) but it is otherwise explained. (S.) See نَهَرٌ below.
Nounنَهَرٌ2 senses

Core sense — a river; amplitude, or light and amplitudegenerated

1

See نَهْرٌ, in two places.

2

Amplitude; or light and amplitude. According to some, this is the meaning in the Qur’ān 54:54, explained differently above: see نَهْرٌ.

According to Th, نَهَر is a plural, or rather an ism jamʿ, of نُهُرٌ, which is a plural of نهَارٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences نَهَر 2 shown of 51
54:54
إِنَّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ فِى جَنَّـٰتٍ وَنَهَرٍ

As to the Righteous, they will be in the midst of Gardens and Rivers,

71:12
وَيُمْدِدْكُم بِأَمْوَٰلٍ وَبَنِينَ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍ وَيَجْعَل لَّكُمْ أَنْهَـٰرًا

"'Give you increase in wealth and sons; and bestow on you gardens and bestow on you rivers (of flowing water).

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see نَهْرٌ , in two places. Amplitude: (K:) or light and amplitude: so, accord. to some, in the Kur, liv. 54, differently explained above: see نَهْرٌ , (S, TA.) or, accord. to Th, نَهَر is a pl. [or rather quasi pl.] of نُهُرٌ , which is a pl. of نهَارٌ . (TA.)
Nounنَهِرٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — much, said of water; a wide river; a man of the day-timegenerated

1much—نَهيرٌ

Both this and the headword are applied to water.

1.1

A wide نَهْر [or river, or channel in which water runs].

2a man of the day-time—رَخُلٌ نَهِرٌ

The verse is correctly given as above, not as it stands in the S.

Synonymous with صَاحِبُ نَهَارٍ: one who makes inroads into enemy territory in the day-time, or one who works in it. It is a kind of relative noun, as is shown by the example: [I am not one of the night-time, but I am one of the day-time; I do not journey by night, but I go forth early in the morning]

shāhid
لَسْتُ بِلَيْلِىٍّ وَلٰكِنِّى نهِرٌلَا أُدْلِجُ اللَّيْلَ وَلٰكِنْ أَبْتَكِرْ

— as though he said نَهَارِىّ.

2.1

See also أَنْهَرُ.

Show Lane's original text
Much, (TA;) as also نَهيرٌ ; (K, TA;) both applied to water. (TA.) A wide نَهْر [or river, or channel in which water runs]. (K.) رَخُلٌ نَهِرٌ A man of day-time; syn. صَاحِبُ نَهَارٍ ; (S, K;) who makes inroads or incursions into the territories of enemies therein: (S:) or who works therein: (A:) a kind of rel. n.; as is shown by the ex. 1 [I am not one of the night-time, but I am one of the day-time; I do not journey in the night, but I go forth early in the morning]: as though he said نَهَارِىّ . (Sb.) The verse is correctly related as above; not as it is given in the S. (IB.) لَسْتُ بِلَيْلِىٍّ وَلٰكِنِّى نهِرٌ | لَا أُدْلِجُ اللَّيْلَ وَلٰكِنْ أَبْتَكِرْ See also أَنْهَرُ .
Nounنَهَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — day, day-time; the light from the rising of the dawn to sunsetgenerated

1[fast a day]—صُمْ نَهَارًا

Day, or day-time; the opposite of لَيْلٌ. Or broad daylight, from sunrise to sunset: this is the original meaning, or, some say, the meaning in ordinary speech; but in the classical language it is the time from the rising of the dawn to sunset, or the light between the rising of the dawn and sunset, and so the lawyers take it.

In the traditions it is the whiteness of the نهار and the blackness of the ليل, and there is nothing intervening between the ليل and the نهار.

But sometimes the Arabs extended the term, applying نهار to the time from the clear shining of the dawn to the setting of the sun.

Or, according to the TA, it is the spreading of the light that causes sight, and its dispersion; some copies of the K read this differently, and in the L, in place of وَٱفْتِرَاقُهُ, we find وَٱجْتِمَاعُهُ [and its collecting together].

It is also synonymous with يَوْمٌ, and has that sense when used without restriction in the non-fundamental sciences of religion, as in the following phrases.

[work a day]—إِعْمَلْ نَهَارًا

It may be used in that sense, or in its proper classical sense, when prefixed to يَوْم and governing it in the genitive case.

It has no proper dual and no proper plural, like عَذَابٌ and سَرَابٌ; the former of these, however, has a plural assigned to it by Zj and in the K, namely أَعْذِبَةٌ, and for the latter see شَرَابٌ with ش.

نهار is a name applied to every يَوْم [or day], and لَيْلٌ to every لَيْلَة [or night]; one does not say نَهَارٌ وَنَهَارَانِ, nor لَيْلٌ وَلَيْلَانِ. The singular of نهار is يَوْمٌ, the dual يَوْمَانِ, and the plural أَيَّامٌ; and the opposite of يوْمٌ is لَيْلَةٌ. So says Az, on the authority of AHeyth.

Or it has plurals: أَنْهُرٌ, a plural of few; in some lexicons أَنْهِرَةٌ also as a plural of few; and نُهُرٌ, a plural of many. See also نَهَرٌ.

on this sense Ibn-Keysān cites this example: [Were it not for the two thereeds (or messes of crumbled bread moistened with broth), we would have died of leanness: the thereed of night, and thereed in the day-times]

shāhid
لَوْلَا الثَّرِيدَان لَمُتْنَا بِالضُّمُرْثَرِيدُ لَيْلٍ وَثرِيدٌ بِالنَّهُرْ

.

Qur’ānic occurrences نَهَار 1 shown of 50
92:2
وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّىٰ

By the Day as it appears in glory;

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Day; or day-time; contr. of لَيْلٌ : (S, TA:) or broad daylight, (Mgh,) from sunrise to sunset: (Mgh, Msb, K:) this is the original signification: (TA;) or this is the signification in the vulgar conventional language: but in the classical language it signifies the time from the rising of the dawn to sunset: (Msb:) or the light between the rising of the dawn and sunset: (K:) and so accord. to the lawyers: (TA:) in the trads., it is the whiteness of the نهار , and the blackness of the ليل ; and there is nothing intervening between the ليل and the نهار : but sometimes the Arabs amplified, and applied نهار to the time from the clear shining of the dawn to the setting [of the sun]: (Msb.) or (so accord. to the TA. but in some copies of the K, and the spreading of the light [which is a cause] of sight and its dispersion: (K:) in this explanation in the L, in the place of وَٱفْتِرَاقُهُ we find وَٱجْتِمَاعُهُ [and its collecting together]: (TA:) it is also syn. with يَوْمٌ ; and is so when used without restriction in the non-fundamental sciences of religion, ( الفُرُوع ,) as in the phrases صُمْ نَهَارًا [fast thou a day] and إِعْمَلْ نَهَارًا [work thou a day]: and it may be so used, or in its proper classical sense, when prefixed to يَوْم , governing the latter in the gen. case: (Msb:) it has no proper dual, (Mgh, Msb,) and no proper pl., (S, Mgh, Msb, K, (like عَذَابٌ and سَرَابٌ ; (S, K;) the former of which, however, has a pl. assigned to it [by Zj and] in the K, namely, أَعْذِبَةٌ ; (MF;) [and respecting the latter see شَرَابٌ , with ش ;] [for] نهار is a name applied to every يَوْم [or day]; and لَيْلٌ , to every لَيْلَة [or night]: one does not say نَهَارٌ وَنَهَارَانِ , nor لَيْلٌ وَلَيْلَانِ : but the sing. of نهار is يَوْمٌ (TA.) and the dual, يَوْمَانِ , (Msb, TA:) and the pl., أَيَّامٌ . (Msb:) and the contr. of يوْمٌ is لَيْلَةٌ , so says Az, on the authority of AHeyth (TA:) or it has pls.: namely, أَنْهُرٌ , (IAar, S, K,) a pl. of pauc., (S,) in some lexicons أَنْهِرَةٌ , (TA,) also a pl. of pauc.,] and نُهُرٌ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) a pl. of mult. (S) [See also نَهَرٌ .] Ibn-Keysán cites the following ex., 1 [Were it not for the two thereeds (or messes of crumbled bread moistened with broth), we had died of leanness: the thereed of night, and thereed in the day-times]. (S.) لَوْلَا الثَّرِيدَان لَمُتْنَا بِالضُّمُرْ | ثَرِيدُ لَيْلٍ وَثرِيدٌ بِالنَّهُرْ
Nounنَهِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — much, said of watergenerated

1

See نَهِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see نَهِرٌ .
Nounنَهَارِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who acts by day; food eaten at the beginning of the daygenerated

1

See نَهِرٌ.

1.1

Food that is eaten in the beginning of the day.

Show Lane's original text
: see نَهِرٌ . Food that is eaten in the beginning of the day. (TA.)
Nounنَهَارٌ أَنْهَرُ1 sense

Core sense — a bright daygenerated

1[a bright day]—نَهرٌ

In each of these phrases the adjective has an intensive effect, like the adjective in لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ.

Show Lane's original text
, and نَهرٌ , [A bright day:] in each of these phrases the epithet has an intensive effect, (K, * TA,) as the epithet in لَيْلٌ أَلْيَلُ . (TA.)
Nounمَنْهَرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the place of a river; a hole in a fortress through which water runsgenerated

1

The place of a river.

1.1

A place which the water hollows out in a نَهْر [or channel of a river].

1.2

A cleft, or hole, in a fortress, passing through [the wall], from which water runs, or by which water enters.

Plural مَنَاهِرُ.

Show Lane's original text
The place of a river. (T, TA.) A place which the water hollows out in a نَهْر [or channel of a river]. (K.) A cleft, (K, TA,) or hole, (TA,) in a fortress, passing through [the wall], whence water runs. (K, TA,) or by which water enters: (TA:) pl. مَنَاهِرُ . (TA.)