← All rootsReader's Key

نكر

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form 10  ·  24 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 37

Form 1نَكِرَهُ5 senses · 2 main
maṣdarنَكَارَةٌ

Core sense — he was ignorant of it; it was disapproved; it was difficultgenerated

1.1

See form 4, in several places.

1.2he was, or became, ignorant—نَكُرَ

. Or perhaps only the maṣdar of the verb in this sense is used: see نَكَارَةٌ below.

1.2.1

And, in the opposite sense: he possessed cunning — both intelligence with craft and forethought, and simply intelligence, or skill and knowledge.

Or perhaps only the maṣdar of the verb in this sense is used: see نَكْرٌ.

1.2.2

It (a thing, or an affair) was, or became, مُنْكَر, which here seems to mean disapproved; or bad, evil, abominable, or foul; or disallowed.

1.2.3

Also, with maṣdar نَكَارَةٌ or نُكْرَةٌ: it (a thing, or an affair) was, or became, difficult, hard, or severe.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
11:70
فَلَمَّا رَءَآ أَيْدِيَهُمْ لَا تَصِلُ إِلَيْهِ نَكِرَهُمْ وَأَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةً ۚ قَالُوا۟ لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّآ أُرْسِلْنَآ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ

But when he saw their hands went not towards the (meal), he felt some mistrust of them, and conceived a fear of them. They said: "Fear not: We have been sent against the people of Lut."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see 4, in several places. نَكُرَ , inf. n. نَكَارَةٌ , [He was, or became, ignorant: or perhaps only the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is used: see نَكَارَةٌ , below. And, contr., He possessed cunning; meaning both intelligence with craft and forecast; and simply intelligence, or skill and knowledge: or perhaps only the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is used: see نَكْرٌ . ] It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, مُنْكَر [app. here meaning disapproved; or bad, evil, abominable, or foul; or disallowed]. (A.) Also, (S, K,) inf. n. نَكَارَةٌ , (TK,) or نُكْرَةٌ , (TA,) It (a thing, or an affair,) was, or became, difficult, hard, arduous, or severe. (S, K. *)
Form 2نكّرهُ2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَنْكِيرٌ

Core sense — he changed him, or it, so as not to be known; he disguised himgenerated

2.1Alter her throne so that she may not know it—نَكِّرُوا لَهَا عَرْشَهَا

. He changed, or altered, him or it to an unknown state, so that he or it would not be known; he disguised him or it.

Said in the Qur'ān 27:41.

See also form 4, the next-to-last meaning.

2.1.1

In grammar, he made a noun indeterminate.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2
27:41
قَالَ نَكِّرُوا۟ لَهَا عَرْشَهَا نَنظُرْ أَتَهْتَدِىٓ أَمْ تَكُونُ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَهْتَدُونَ

He said: "Transform her throne out of all recognition by her: let us see whether she is guided (to the truth) or is one of those who receive no guidance."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (inf. n. تَنْكِيرٌ , Msb,) He changed, or altered, him or it, (S, A, Msb, TA,) to an unknown state, (S, TA,) so as not to be known; (TA;) [he disguised him or it.] It is said in the Kur, [xxvii. 41,] نَكِّرُوا لَهَا عَرْشَهَا Alter ye her throne so that it may not be known to her. (TA.) See also 4, last signification but one. [In grammar, He made it (a noun) indeterminate.]
Form 3ناكرهُ2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarمُنَاكَرَةٌ

Core sense — he tried to outwit him; he contended with him in wargenerated

3.1

. He tried to outwit, deceive, or circumvent him; or he and the other practised mutual deceit or circumvention. Synonyms خَادَعَهُ and دَاهَاهُ.

The maṣdar is also explained by مُرَاوَغَةٌ as well as by مُخَادَعَةٌ, both of which mean the same.

3.1.1he did not make war on anyone without being helped by terror—لَمْ يُنَاكِرْ أَحَدًا إِلَّا كَانَتْ مَعَهُ الأَهْوَالُ

Said of Mohammad by Aboo-Sufyán Ibn-Harb; the terror was cast into the hearts of his opponents.

between the two of them is war, or hostility, and fighting—بَيْنَهُمَا مُنَاكَرَةٌ

on this sense From this: he contended with him in fight, and in war or hostility.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, TA,) inf. n. مُنَاكَرَةٌ , (A, K,) He strove, or endeavoured, to outwit, deceive, beguile, or circumvent, him; or he practised with him mutual deceit, guile, or circumvention; syn. خَادَعَهُ and دَاهَاهُ : the inf. n. is also explained by مُرَاوَغَةٌ as well as مُخَادَعَةٌ [both of which signify the same]. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) He contended with him in fight; (S, K;) and in war, or hostility. (A, K.) It is said of Mohammad, by Aboo-Sufyán (S, TA) Ibn- Harb, (TA,) لَمْ يُنَاكِرْ أَحَدًا إِلَّا كَانَتْ مَعَهُ الأَهْوَالُ , (S, TA,) meaning, He did not war with any one without being aided by terror [cast into the hearts of his opponents]. (TA.) And one says, بَيْنَهُمَا مُنَاكَرَةٌ Between them two is war, or hostility, (A, TA, *) and fighting. (TA.)
Form 4انكرهُ8 senses · 2 main
maṣdarإِنْكَارٌ

Core sense — he did not know it; he denied it; he disapproved of itgenerated

4.1he did not know what they were, and felt a kind of fear of them—نَكِرَهُمْ وَأَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةٌ

Maṣdar إِنْكَارٌ and نَكِرَهُ.

Or the verb does not take the changes of tense that other verbs do: it is not used in the future, nor in commands, nor in prohibitions.

The maṣdars نَكَرٌ, نُكْرٌ, نُكُورٌ, نَكِيرٌ, استنكرهُ and تناكرهُ all mean the same: he did not know, or failed to know, or was unacquainted with, it (a thing or an affair) or him (a man); synonym جَهِلَهُ, or the opposite of عَرَفَهُ. See also نَكَارَةٌ.

Some, however, say that نَكِرَ is more intensive in meaning than أَنْكَرَ.

Some say that نَكِرَ takes for its object something in the mind and أَنْكَرَ something seen; others say the reverse, that نَكِرَ takes something seen and أَنْكَرَ something in the mind. But both forms seem to have been used generally without distinction.

El-Aashà says: [And she did not know me; and the accidents which she did not know were none other than hoariness, and baldness of the fore part of the head]

shāhid
وَأَنْكَرَتْنِى وَمَا كَانَ الَّذِى نَكِرَتْمِنَ الحَوَادِثِ إِلَّا الشَّيْبَ وَالصَّلَعَا

Said in the Qur'ān 11:73. Here نَكِرَهُمْ means أَنْكَرَهُمْ, or it means أَنْكَرَ ذٰلِكَ مِنْهُمْ.

4.1.1he denied it, he refused to acknowledge it—أَنْكَرَهُ

From the L, article جحد. This meaning, as well as the first, may be what is intended by those who say that أَنْكَرَهُ means the opposite of عَرفَهُ.

And so نَكِرَهُ: إِنْكَارٌ means the same as جُحُودٌ, and so does نُكْرَانٌ, which is a maṣdar of نَكِرَهُ.

I denied him his right, I refused to acknowledge his right—أَنْكَرْتُهُ حَقَّهُ

In this sense the verb takes two objects.

they acknowledge the favour of God, then they deny it—يَعْرِفُونَ نِعْمَةَ ٱللّٰهِ ثُمَّ يُنْكِرُونَهَا

The cause of إِنْكَار with the tongue is إِنْكَار in the mind; but sometimes the tongue denies a thing when the image of it is present in the mind, and this is lying, as in the Qur'ān 16:85.

See also نَكِيرٌ.

4.2

Also: he thought it strange, extraordinary, or unlikely. See عَجَبٌ.

4.2.1

Also: he denied it, or made it negative.

4.2.2

He disbelieved it.

4.2.3he disapproved of that conduct of theirs—نَكِرَهُمْ

And: he disapproved of it; he disliked it; he judged it, or declared it to be, bad, evil, abominable, or foul; he disallowed it. So according to the explanations of the ism mafʿūl given below, and according to common usage of classical and of modern times.

Said of Abraham, when the angels came to him and he saw that their hands did not touch the food he had brought them; it means أَنْكَرَ ذٰلِكَ مِنْهُمْ. Or perhaps: he did not know what that conduct of theirs was, or what it indicated.

نَكِرَ, أَنْكَرَ and استنكر mean the same; for an example of the last see تَهِمَ.

I blamed his deed and forbade it; I disapproved and disallowed it—أَنْكَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ

Also: I showed, or declared, disapproval of his deed. And in the same way أَنْكَرْتُ عَليْهِ, with a word left out, فِعْلَهُ (his deed) or قَوْلَهُ (his saying) or the like being understood, like عَيَّرَ عَلَيْهِ for عَيَّرَ عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ or the like: see نَكِيرٌ.

4.2.4the changing of a thing—إِنْكَارٌ

Like تَنْكِيرٌ. Or: the changing of what is مُنْكَر, which here seems to mean disapproved. See نَكِيرٌ, which means the same but is a simple noun.

4.2.5How great is his cunning!—مَا أَنْكَرَهُ

Meaning both his intelligence, craft and forethought, and simply his intelligence, or skill and knowledge.

How great was his cunning!—مَا كَانَ أَنْكَرَهُ
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
13:36
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاتَيْنَـٰهُمُ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ ۖ وَمِنَ ٱلْأَحْزَابِ مَن يُنكِرُ بَعْضَهُۥ ۚ قُلْ إِنَّمَآ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ ٱللَّهَ وَلَآ أُشْرِكَ بِهِۦٓ ۚ إِلَيْهِ أَدْعُوا۟ وَإِلَيْهِ مَـَٔابِ

Those to whom We have given the Book rejoice at what hath been revealed unto thee: but there are among the clans those who reject a part thereof. Say: "I am commanded to worship Allah, and not to join partners with Him. Unto Him do I call, and unto Him is my return."

16:83
يَعْرِفُونَ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنكِرُونَهَا وَأَكْثَرُهُمُ ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَ

They recognise the favours of Allah; then they deny them; and most of them are (creatures) ungrateful.

40:81
وَيُرِيكُمْ ءَايَـٰتِهِۦ فَأَىَّ ءَايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ تُنكِرُونَ

And He shows you (always) His Signs: then which of the Signs of Allah will ye deny?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. إِنْكَارٌ ; (Msb, &c.;) and نَكِرَهُ , (S, A, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. نَكَرَ , (L,) or it does not admit the variations of tense like other verbs, (IKtt, Msb,) it is not used in the future tense, nor in commanding nor in forbidding, (Lth,) inf. n. نَكَرٌ (K) and نُكْرٌ and نُكُورٌ (S, K) and نَكِيرٌ ; (K;) and استنكرهُ ; (S, M, A, K;) and تناكرهُ ; (M, K;) signify the same; (S, A, Msb, K, &c.;) i. e., He ignored, was ignorant of, did not know, failed to know, or [rather] was unacquainted with, it (i. e. a thing, or an affair, IKtt, K) or him (a man, S); syn. جَهِلَهُ ; (Kr, K;) or contr. of عَرَفَهُ : (S, * IKtt, Msb:) [see also نَكَارَةٌ :] some, however, say, the نَكِرَ has a more intensive signification than أَنْكَرَ : and some, that نَكِرَ has for its objective complement an object of the mind; and أَنْكَرَ , an object of the sight: (A, TA:) or [the converse is the case;] نَكِرَ has for its objective complement an object of the sight; and أَنْكَرَ , an object of the mind: (Kull, p. 81:) [but both forms seem to have been generally used indiscriminately.] ElAashà says, 1 [And she did not know me; and the accidents which she did not know were none others than hoariness, and baldness of the fore part of the head]. (S, TA.) And it is said in the Kur, [xi. 73,] نَكِرَهُمْ وَأَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةٌ [He knew not what they were, and conceived a fear, or a kind of fear, of them]: (TA:) نَكِرَهُمْ here signifies أَنْكَرَهُمْ : (Jel:) or it means أَنْكَرَ ذٰلِكَ مِنْهُمْ [q. v. infra]. (Bd.) وَأَنْكَرَتْنِى وَمَا كَانَ الَّذِى نَكِرَتْ | مِنَ الحَوَادِثِ إِلَّا الشَّيْبَ وَالصَّلَعَا أَنْكَرَهُ also signifies He denied, or disacknowledged, it; (L, art. جحد ; [and this signification, as well as the first, may be meant to be indicated by those who say that أَنْكَرَهُ signifies the contr. of عَرفَهُ ;]) [and so نَكِرَهُ ; for] إِنْكَارٌ signifies i. q. جُحُودٌ , (S, TA,) and so نُكْرَانٌ [which is an inf. n. of نَكِرَهُ ]. (TA.) [In this sense it is doubly trans.:] you say, أَنْكَرْتُهُ حَقَّهُ , meaning, I denied, or disacknowledged, to him his right. (Msb.) The cause of إِنْكَار with the tongue is إِنْكَار with the mind, but sometimes the tongue denies, or disacknowledges, ( يُنْكِرُ ,) a thing when the image thereof is present in the mind; and this is lying; as is the case in the following passage of the Kur, [xvi. 85,] يَعْرِفُونَ نِعْمَةَ ٱللّٰهِ ثُمَّ يُنْكِرُونَهَا [They confess, or acknowledge, the favour of God; then they deny, or disacknowledge, it]. (B.) See also نَكِيرٌ . Also, He deemed it strange, extraordinary, or improbable. (MF, voce عَجَبٌ .] [Also He denied, or negatived, it. He disbelieved it. And He disapproved it; he disliked it; he deemed it, or declared it to be, bad, evil, abominable, or foul; he disallowed it: so accord. to explanations of the pass. part. n., q. v. infra; and accord. to common usage of classical and of modern times.] It is said of Abraham, when the angels came to him, and he saw that their hands did not touch the meat which be had brought to them, نَكِرَهُمْ , meaning, أَنْكَرَ ذٰلِكَ مِنْهُمْ [He deemed that conduct of their's evil, or disapproved it: or, perhaps, he did not know what that conduct of their's was, or what it indicated]: نَكِرَ and أَنْكَرَ and استنكر [of which last see an ex. voce تَهِمَ ] signify the same. (Bd, xi. 73.) And you say, أَنْكَرْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ , meaning, I blamed, or found fault with, his deed, and forbade it; I disapproved and disallowed his deed. (Msb:) [and I manifested, or showed, or declared, disapproval, or disallowance, of his deed: and in like manner, أَنْكَرْتُ عَليْهِ , elliptically; فِعْلَهُ , (his deed,) or قَوْلَهُ , (his saying;) or the like, being understood; like عَيَّرَ عَلَيْهِ for عَيَّرَ عَلَيْهِ فِعْلَهُ or the like: see نَكِيرٌ .] إِنْكَارٌ also signifies The changing [a thing; like تَنْكِيرٌ ]: (T, Msb, TA:) or the changing what is مُنْكَر [here app. meaning disapproved: see نَكِيرٌ , which is syn. with it, but is a simple subst.]. (S, TA.) مَا أَنْكَرَهُ How great it his cunning! meaning both his intelligence, and craft, and forecast; and simply, his intelligence, or skill and knowledge. (TA.) And مَا كَانَ أَنْكَرَهُ How great was his cunning, &c. (TA.)
Form 5تنكّر3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he changed himself so as not to be known; he disguised himselfgenerated

5.1

He, or it, changed himself or itself, or became changed, to an unknown state: he took on an unknown appearance; he disguised himself.

Or: he became so changed in face by anger that the one who saw him did not know him.

Or تَنَكُّرٌ means changing oneself, or becoming changed, from a state which pleases one to a state which one dislikes.

5.1.1Avoid an evil disposition.—إِيَّاكَ وَالتَّنَكُّرَ
5.1.2Such a one met me in a morose manner—تَنَكَّرَ لِى فُلاَنٌ

Or: he became so changed in face towards me by anger that I did not know him.

In the article شنف in the K, تَنَكَّرَهُ occurs.

Show Lane's original text
He, or it, changed, or altered, himself, or itself; or became changed, or altered; (S, A, Msb, TA;) to an unknown state: (S, TA:) [he assumed an unknown appearance: he disguised himself; or became disguised:] he became changed or altered in countenance by anger so that he who saw him did not know him: (Har, p. 144:) or تَنَكُّرٌ signifies the changing, or altering oneself, or itself; or becoming changed, or altered; from a state which pleases one to a state which one dislikes. (T, K.) إِيَّاكَ وَالتَّنَكُّرَ Avoid thou evil disposition. (Mgh.) تَنَكَّرَ لِى فُلاَنٌ Such a one [became changed, or altered, in countenance to me by anger so that I did not know him; or] met me in a morose manner (A, TA.) [In art. شنف in the K, تَنَكَّرَهُ occurs.]
Form 6تناكرهُ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he did not know it; he feigned ignorance; they were mutually hostilegenerated

6.1

See form 4, first meaning.

6.1.1he feigned ignorance—تناكر
6.1.2they acted with mutual hostility—تناكروا
Show Lane's original text
: see 4, first signification. تناكر He feigned ignorance. (S, A, K.) تناكروا They acted with mutual hostility. (TS, A, K.)
Form 10اشتنكرهُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he did not know it; he inquired about a thing he disapproved ofgenerated

10.1

See form 4, first meaning, and also the latter part of it.

10.1.1inquiring about, or seeking to understand, a thing or an affair which one disapproves of—اِسْتِنْكَارٌ

Used when one disapproves of confirming, or establishing, the opinion expressed by an inquirer, or disapproves that his opinion should be contrary to what he has expressed.

Show Lane's original text
: see 4, first signification, and also in the latter part. اِسْتِنْكَارٌ also signifies The inquiring respecting, or seeking to understand, a thing, or an affair, which one disapproves; (K, TA;) when one disapproves confirming, or establishing, the opinion expressed by an inquirer, or disapproves that his opinion should be contrary to what he has expressed. (TA.)

Derived nouns 17

Nounنَكْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — cunning; intelligence mixed with craft and forethoughtgenerated

1

See نُكْرٌ.

2

See also نَكِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see نُكْرٌ . See also نَكِرٌ .
Nounنُكْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — cunning, intelligence mixed with craft and forethought; difficult, hard, severegenerated

1How great is his cunning!—مَا أَشَدَّ نُكْرَهُ

This word, and نَكْرٌ (though the first is the more common), and نَكَارَةٌ and نَكْرَآءُ: cunning — both intelligence mixed with craft and forethought, and simply intelligence, sagacity, or skill and knowledge. Synonyms دَهَآءٌ and فِطْنَةٌ. See also نَكُرَ.

How great is his cunning!—نَكْرَهُ
he did it out of his cunning—فَعَلَهُ مِنْ نُكْرِهِ
he did it out of his cunning—نَكَارَتِهِ
I certainly hate cunning in a man—إِنِّى لَأَكْرَهُ النَّكَارَةَ فِى الرَّجُلِ

Said of a man who is intelligent and evil, or cunning.

Said in a tradition of Mo'áwiyeh; cunning here is الدَّهَآءَ.

2difficult, hard, or severe—نُكْرٌ

As an adjective applied to a thing or an affair. Also نُكُرٌ and نَكِيرٌ; and it means the same as مُنْكَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(S, K) and نَكْرٌ [but the former is the more common] and نَكَارَةٌ (S, A, K) and نَكْرَآءُ (A, K) Cunning; meaning both intelligence mixed with croft and forecast; and [simply] intelligence, or sagacity, or skill and knowledge; syn. دَهَآءٌ ; (S, A, K;) and فِطْنَةٌ . (A, K.) See also نَكُرَ . You say of a man who is intelligent and evil, or cunning, مَا أَشَدَّ نُكْرَهُ , and نَكْرَهُ [How great is his cunning, &c.!] (S.) And فَعَلَهُ مِنْ نُكْرِهِ , and نَكَارَتِهِ , He did it of his cunning, &c. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of Mo'áwiyeh, إِنِّى لَأَكْرَهُ النَّكَارَةَ فِى الرَّجُلِ Verily I hate cunning ( الدَّهَآءَ ) in the man. (TA.) نُكْرٌ , as an epithet, applied to a thing, or an affair, Difficult, hard, arduous, or severe; as also نُكُرٌ (M, A, K) and نَكِيرٌ : (TA:) and i. q. مُنْكَرٌ , q. v. (S, A, K.)
Nounنَكَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — difficulty, hardness, severitygenerated

1

Apparently difficulty, hardness, or severity; a noun from نَكُرَ in the sense of صَعُبَ, it was difficult.

Show Lane's original text
[app. Difficulty, hardness, arduousness, or severity;] a subst. from نَكُرَ , in the sense of صَعُبَ [It was difficult, &c.]. (IKtt, TA.)
Nounنَكُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — possessing cunning; intelligent, skilful and knowinggenerated

1

See نَكِرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see نَكِرٌ , in two places.
Nounنَكِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — possessing cunning, intelligent and knowing; one who disapproves what is badgenerated

1

This word, and نَكُرٌ, نُكُرٌ and مُنْكَرٌ, are adjectives applied to a man: possessing cunning, or intelligence mixed with cunning and forethought; and simply intelligent, or skilful and knowing.

Applied to a woman: نُكُرٌ and نَكْرٌ (probably a mistake for نُكُرٌ) and نَكْرَآءُ. But أَنْكَرُ is not applied to a man in this sense, nor is مُنْكَرَةٌ applied to a woman.

Plural of the first, second and third, أَنْكَارٌ; of the last, مَنَاكِيرُ. Or, applied to men, مُنْكَرُونَ, and to other things, مَنَاكِيرُ, which is irregular.

1.1one who disapproves of what is bad, evil, abominable, or foul—نَكِرٌ
one who disapproves of what is bad, evil, abominable, or foul—نَكُرٌ

Explained by أَلَّذِى يُنْكِرُ ٱلْمُنْكَرَ. Plural as above.

Show Lane's original text
and نَكُرٌ (S, K) and نُكُرٌ and مُنْكَرٌ , (K,) epithets applied to a man, Possessing cunning; or intelligence mixed with cunning and forecast; (S, K;) and [simply] intelligent, or skilful and knowing: (K:) and so, applied to a woman, نُكُرٌ (K) and نَكْرٌ (L, TA [but this is probably a mistake for نُكُرٌ ]) and نَكْرَآءُ , but أَنْكَرُ is not applied to a man in this sense, (Az, TA,) nor is مُنْكَرَةٌ to a woman: (TA:) pl. of the first and second (S, K,) and third, (K,) أَنْكَارٌ : (S, K:) and of the last, مَنَاكِيرُ : (Sb, S, K:) or, applied to men, مُنْكَرُونَ ; and to other things, مَنَاكِيرُ [which is irreg.]. (Az, TA.) Also, نَكِرٌ and نَكُرٌ One who disapproves what is bad, evil, abominable, or foul; expl. by أَلَّذِى يُنْكِرُ ٱلْمُنْكَرَ : pl. as above. (S.)
Nounنُكُرٌ2 senses

Core sense — cunning; difficult, hard, severegenerated

1

See نُكْرٌ and مُنْكَرٌ.

2

See also نَكِرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see نُكْرٌ , and مُنْكَرٌ . See also نَكِرٌ , in two places.
Nounنَكَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — ignorance; denial; disapprovalgenerated

1You were most ignorant towards me—كُنْتَ لِى أَشَدَّ نَكَرَةً

A noun from إِنْكَارٌ, with which it means the same; apparently signifying ignorance, or denial, or disapproval, or the like. Formed like نَفَقَةٌ from إِنْفَاقٌ.

Said in a certain tradition; that is, إِنْكَارًا.

Show Lane's original text
a subst. from إِنْكَارٌ , (K,) with which it is syn., [app. signifying (like نَكِرَةٌ ) Ignorance: or denial: or disapproval, or the like]. (TK,) like نَفَقَةٌ from إِنْفَاقٌ . (K.) It is said, in a certain trad, كُنْتَ لِى أَشَدَّ نَكَرَةً , (TA,) i. e. إِنْكَارًا , (TK,) [Thou wast to me most ignorant. &c.]
Nounنَكِرَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — ignorance of a thing; in grammar, indefiniteness of a noungenerated

1In him is ignorance—فِيهِ نَكَارَةٌ

Ignorance and the like of a thing; the opposite of مَعْرِفَةٌ. And so نَكَارَةٌ, synonym جَهَالَةٌ, as in this phrase.

See also نَكَرَةٌ.

1.1

As the opposite of مَعْرِفَةٌ, it is also, in grammar, an adjective applied to a noun: indeterminate, or indefinite.

Show Lane's original text
Ignorance, &c., ( إِنْكَار ,) of a thing; (TA;) contr. of مَعْرِفَةٌ ; (S, K;) and so نَكَارَةٌ ; syn. جَهَالَةٌ ; as in the phrase فِيهِ نَكَارَةٌ [In him is ignorance]. (A.) See also نَكَرَةٌ . [As contr. of مَعْرِفَةٌ , it is also, in grammar, an epithet applied to a noun, signifying Indeterminate, or indefinite.]
Nounنَكْرَآءُ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a calamity; the harshness, or severity, of fortunegenerated

1

See مُنْكَرٌ.

1.1

A calamity; the harshness, or severity, of fortune; and so its diminutive نُكَيْرَآء.

2

See also نُكْرٌ.

3

And see نَكِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مُنْكَرٌ . A calamity: (K:) rigour, or severity, of fortune; (A, TA;) as also [its dim.] نُكَيْرَآء . (TA.) See also نُكْرٌ . And see نَكِرٌ .
Nounنَكِيرٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — denial; disapproval, and the showing of it; a strong fortressgenerated

1and there will be no denying your sins for you—فَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ نَكِيرٍ

The same as إِنْكَارٌ, in the sense of denial.

Said in the Qur'ān 42:46.

Such a one was reviled and had no denial to make—شُتِمَ فُلَانٌ فَمَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ نَكِيرٌ
1.1

Also the same as إِنْكَارٌ, in the sense of disapproval or the like, and the showing of it. See what follows.

1.2And how was my changing of their condition!—فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

Also the same as إِنْكَارٌ, in the sense of the changing of a thing; or the changing of what is مُنْكَر, which here seems to mean disapproved; a simple noun.

The words of the Qur'ān 22:43 and 67:18. Or the meaning is: and how was my showing of disapproval of their conduct, by changing favour into trial, life into destruction, and a flourishing condition into ruin!

In some of the copies of the K it is said that نَكِيرَةٌ — but in a manuscript copy I find نَكِيرٌ, and so in the CK — is a noun from تَنَكُّرٌ, in the sense of changing oneself, or becoming changed, from a state which pleases one to a state which one dislikes. But a different statement is found in the T; see above. And نكيرة is not mentioned by any authority.

2

A strong fortress. See نُكْرٌ.

3

See also مُنْكَرٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences نَكِير
22:44
وَأَصْحَـٰبُ مَدْيَنَ ۖ وَكُذِّبَ مُوسَىٰ فَأَمْلَيْتُ لِلْكَـٰفِرِينَ ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُهُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

And the Companions of the Madyan People; and Moses was rejected (in the same way). But I granted respite to the Unbelievers, and (only) after that did I punish them: but how (terrible) was my rejection (of them)!

34:45
وَكَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ وَمَا بَلَغُوا۟ مِعْشَارَ مَآ ءَاتَيْنَـٰهُمْ فَكَذَّبُوا۟ رُسُلِى ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

And their predecessors rejected (the Truth); these have not received a tenth of what We had granted to those: yet when they rejected My messengers, how (terrible) was My rejection (of them)!

35:26
ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

In the end did I punish those who rejected Faith: and how (terrible) was My rejection (of them)!

67:18
وَلَقَدْ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ

But indeed men before them rejected (My warning): then how (terrible) was My rejection (of them)?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. إِنْكَارٌ [in the sense of Denial]. (K.) It is said in the Kur, xlii. 46. فَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ نَكِيرٍ And there shall be for you no [power of] denial of your sins. (Bd, Jel.) And one says, شُتِمَ فُلَانٌ فَمَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ نَكِيرٌ [Such a one was reviled and he had no denial to make]. (A.) [Also, i. q. إِنْكَارٌ in the sense of Disapproval, or the like: and manifestation thereof. See what here follows.] Also, i. q. إِنْكَارٌ in the sense of The changing [a thing]: (T, Msb, TA:) or the changing what is مُنْكَر [here app. meaning disapproved]: (S, TA:) a simple subst. (T, TA.) The words of the Kur, [xxii. 43 and lxvii. 18,] فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ are explained as signifying And how was my changing [of their condition]! (TA:) or the meaning is, and how was my manifestation of disapproval of their conduct, ( إِنْكَارِى عَلَيْهِمْ ,) by changing favour into trial, and life into destruction, and a flourishing condition into a state of ruin! (Bd, xxii. 43.) In [some of] the copies of the K, it is said that نَكِيرَةٌ [but in a MS. copy I find نَكِيرٌ and so in the CK] is a subst. from تَنَكُّرٌ as signifying the changing, or altering, oneself, or itself; or becoming changed, or altered; from a state which please one to a state which one dislikes: but a different statement is found in the T: [see above.] and نكيرة is not mentioned by any authority. (TA.) A strong fortress. (Sgh, K.) See نُكْرٌ . See also مُنْكَرٌ .
Nounنَكَارَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — cunning; intelligence mixed with craft and forethoughtgenerated

1

See نَكِرَةٌ.

2

See also نُكْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see نَكِرَةٌ . See also نُكْرٌ .
Nounأَنْكَرُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — worse, and worst; more, and most, evil, abominable, or foulgenerated

1the most abominable of voices is the voice of asses—إِنّ أَنْكَرَ ٱلْأَصْوَاتِ لَصَوْتُ الحَمِيرِ

Worse, and worst; more, and most, evil, abominable, or foul. So it is explained where it occurs in the Qur'ān 31:18.

1.1

See also نَكِرٌ; and for the feminine, نَكْرَآءُ, see above.

Qur’ānic occurrences أَنكَر
31:19
وَٱقْصِدْ فِى مَشْيِكَ وَٱغْضُضْ مِن صَوْتِكَ ۚ إِنَّ أَنكَرَ ٱلْأَصْوَٰتِ لَصَوْتُ ٱلْحَمِيرِ

"And be moderate in thy pace, and lower thy voice; for the harshest of sounds without doubt is the braying of the ass."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Worse, and worst; more, and most, evil, abominable, or foul. So it is explained as occurring in the Kur. [xxxi. 18,] إِنّ أَنْكَرَ ٱلْأَصْوَاتِ لَصَوْتُ الحَمِيرِ [Verily the most abominable of voices is the voice of asses]. (TA.) See also نَكِرٌ : and the fem., نَكْرَآءُ , see above.
Nounمُنْكَرٌ7 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a bad, evil, or abominable thing, disapproved by sound minds; unknown, ignoredgenerated

1

The opposite of مَعْرُوفٌ; an explanation covering several meanings, which follow.

1.1

Ignored, or unknown; and so مَنْكُورٌ, since مَنْكُورٌ means the same as مَجْهُولٌ, the ism mafʿūl of the verb by which أَنْكَرَهُ is explained by Kr and in the K; and مُسْتَنْكَرٌ means the same.

For the plurals of مُنْكَرٌ see نَكِرٌ.

1.2

Denied, or not acknowledged. See the verb.

1.3

Thought strange, extraordinary, or unlikely. See again the verb.

1.4In them are good and evil qualities—فِيهِمُ ٱلْمَعْرُوفُ وَٱلْمُنْكَرُ

Any action disapproved, or disallowed, by sound minds; or judged, or declared, by them to be bad, evil, hateful, abominable, foul, unseemly, ugly, or hideous; or pronounced so by the law because the mind weighs whether to regard it as such. It is used in this way in the Qur'ān 9:113 and other places.

Or anything pronounced bad, evil, hateful, abominable, or foul, and forbidden, and disapproved, disliked, or hated, by the law; a saying or an action not approved, or not accepted, by God; unbecoming, indecent, or indecorous. See مَعْرُوفٌ under عُرْفٌ.

مُنْكَرٌ, نُكْرٌ, نُكُرٌ and نَكْرَآءُ all mean the same, and are used as adjectives in which the quality of a noun predominates: a bad, an evil, a hateful, an abominable, a foul, an unseemly, an ugly, a hideous, or a formidable thing or affair, action, saying, or quality. In this sense the plural is مُنْكَرَاتٌ and مَنَاكِيرُ, as will be seen below.

نُكْرٌ is the opposite of عُرْفٌ, which means the same as مَعْرُوفٌ.

In them are good and evil qualities—العُرْفُ والنُّكْرُ
They commit bad, evil, or abominable actions—هُمْ يَرْكَبُونَ ٱلْمُنْكَرَاتِ
They commit bad, evil, or abominable actions—المَنَاكِيرَ
You have done a bad, an evil, an abominable thing—لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا

Said in the Qur'ān 18:73.

2

The name of one of two angels — the other is named نَكِيرٌ — who are the two who test the dead in the graves.

3

See also نَكِرٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences مُنكَر 5 shown of 18
3:104
وَلْتَكُن مِّنكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى ٱلْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ

Let there arise out of you a band of people inviting to all that is good, enjoining what is right, and forbidding what is wrong: They are the ones to attain felicity.

5:79
كَانُوا۟ لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَن مُّنكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَفْعَلُونَ

Nor did they (usually) forbid one another the iniquities which they committed: evil indeed were the deeds which they did.

15:62
قَالَ إِنَّكُمْ قَوْمٌ مُّنكَرُونَ

He said: "Ye appear to be uncommon folk."

31:17
يَـٰبُنَىَّ أَقِمِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأْمُرْ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَٱنْهَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَٱصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَصَابَكَ ۖ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عَزْمِ ٱلْأُمُورِ

"O my son! establish regular prayer, enjoin what is just, and forbid what is wrong: and bear with patient constancy whatever betide thee; for this is firmness (of purpose) in (the conduct of) affairs.

51:25
إِذْ دَخَلُوا۟ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا۟ سَلَـٰمًا ۖ قَالَ سَلَـٰمٌ قَوْمٌ مُّنكَرُونَ

Behold, they entered his presence, and said: "Peace!" He said, "Peace!" (and thought, "These seem) unusual people."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
contr. of مَعْرُوفٌ : (K:) [an explanation including several significations, here following.] [Ignored, or unknown; as also مَنْكُورٌ , for مَنْكُورٌ is syn. with مَجْهُولٌ [the pass. part. n. of the verb by which أَنْكَرَهُ is explained by Kr and in the K]; (TA;) and مُسْتَنْكَرٌ signifies the same. (L.) For the pls. of مُنْكَرٌ , see نَكِرٌ . [Denied, or disacknowledged. (See the verb.) Deemed strange, extraordinary, or improbable, (See again the verb.)] Any action disapproved, or disallowed, by sound intellects; or deemed, or declared, thereby, to be bad, evil, hateful, abominable, foul, unseemly, ugly, or hideous; or pronounced to be so by the law because the mind deliberates respecting the regarding it as such: and thus it is used in the Kur, ix. 113 [and other places]: (B, TA:) or anything pronounced to be bad, evil, hateful, abominable, or foul, and forbidden, and disapproved, disliked, or hated, by the law: (TA:) a saying, or an action, unapproved, not approved, unaccepted, or not accepted, by God: (KT:) unbecoming, indecent, or indecorous. (KL.) See مَعْرُوفٌ , voce عُرْفٌ . مُنْكَرٌ and نُكْرٌ and نُكُرٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and نَكْرَآءُ (S, Msb K) are all syn., (S, A, Msb, K,) [and are used as epithets in which the quality of a subst. predominates,] signifying a bad, an evil, a hateful, an abominable, a foul, an unseemly, an ugly, or a hideous, [and a formidable,] thing or affair [or action or saying or quality, &c.]: (Msb:) [in this sense, its pl. is مُنْكَرَاتٌ and مَنَاكِيرُ ; as will be seen below:] نُكْرٌ is contr. of عُرْفٌ [which is syn. with مَعْرُوفٌ ]. (TA.) You say فِيهِمُ ٱلْمَعْرُوفُ وَٱلْمُنْكَرُ , and العُرْفُ والنُّكْرُ , [In them are good and evil qualities.] And هُمْ يَرْكَبُونَ ٱلْمُنْكَرَاتِ , and المَنَاكِيرَ , [They commit bad, evil, abominable, or foul, actions.] (A.) And it is said in the Kur, [xviii. 73,] لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا [Verily thou hast done a bad, an evil, an abominable, or a foul, thing]. (S.) The name of one of two angels, the other of whom is named نَكِيرٌ ; (S;) who are the two triers of [the dead in] the graves. (ISd, K.) See also نَكِرٌ .
Nounمَنْكُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — ignored, unknown, not acknowledgedgenerated

1

See مُنْكَرٌ, first meaning.

The plural is مَنَاكِيرُ, which is also a plural of مُنْكَرٌ, according to Sb, who mentions it because by rule the plural of a singular of this class is formed by adding و and ن for the masculine, and ا and ت for the feminine. (Abu-l-Hasan)

Show Lane's original text
: see مُنْكَرٌ , first signification. The pl. is مَنَاكِيرُ , [which is also a pl. of مُنْكَرٌ ,] accord. to Sb, who mentions it because, accord. to rule, the pl. of a sing. of this class is formed by the addition of و and ن for the masc., and ا and ت for the fem. (Abu-l-Hasan, TA.)
Nounخَرَجَ مُتَنَكِّرًّا1 sense

Core sense — he went out disguised, changed in appearance or dressgenerated

1

He went out disguised, or changed in outward appearance or in dress.

Show Lane's original text
He went forth disguised; or changed in outward appearance, or state of apparel. (TA.)
Nounمُسْتَنْكَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — ignored, unknown; thought strangegenerated

1

See مُنْكَرٌ, first meaning.

Show Lane's original text
: see مُنْكَرٌ , first signification.
Nounطَرِيقٌ يَنْكُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — a road, or way, going in a wrong directiongenerated

1

A road, or way, in a wrong direction.

Show Lane's original text
A road, or way, in a wrong direction. (S, K.)