نفش

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · 11 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 2

Form 1نَفَشَ3 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarنَفْشٌ

Core sense — he separated, or loosened, wool or cotton with his fingers; they pastured by night unherdedgenerated

1.1I separated, or loosened, the cotton with my fingers—نَفَشْتُ القُطْنَ

He separated, or plucked apart, or loosened, a thing with his fingers, so that it became spread out, or sparse, or dispersed.

Also نفّش, maṣdar تَنْفِيشٌ; or this second form has an intensive meaning.

I separated, or loosened, the wool with my fingers—الصُّوفَ

Some say the first applies to separating a thing that is not hard to separate, such as cotton and wool; or he pulled wool until its parts became loosened; or he spread out, or dispersed, a thing.

نَفْشٌ also means the same as نَدْفٌ, the separating and loosening of cotton with a bow and a wooden mallet.

he separated what was collected together, or compacted, in a kind of trefoil—نَفَشَ الرَّطْبَةَ

The trefoil meant is رطبة.

he ruffled the feathers around his neck—نَفَشَ بُرَائِلَهُ

Said of a cock, or of a حُبَارَى, when about to fight.

1.2

It is also intransitive, with the same meaning as انتفش.

1.2.1the sheep or goats pastured by night without a herdsman—نَفَشَتِ الغَنَمُ

the camels pastured by night without a herdsman—الإِبِلُ

According to IDrd only the first is used; but according to others the second is used as well, and likewise of all beasts, though mostly of غَنَم.

Muḍāriʿ نَفِشَ; maṣdar نَفْشٌ or نُفُوشٌ, or both.

they pastured by night without a herdsman—نَفشت

Or: they pastured without the knowledge of a herdsman; or they dispersed themselves by night; or they dispersed themselves and pastured by night without the herdsman's knowledge; or, of sheep or goats, they entered among seed-produce. Occurs in the Qur'ān 21:78.

The noun is نَفَشٌ: their dispersing themselves and pasturing by night without a herdsman.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

21:78

وَدَاوُۥدَ وَسُلَيْمَـٰنَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِى ٱلْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ ٱلْقَوْمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَـٰهِدِينَ

And remember David and Solomon, when they gave judgment in the matter of the field into which the sheep of certain people had strayed by night: We did witness their judgment.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A,) aor. نَفُشَ , (S,) inf. n. نَفْشٌ , (S, A, K,) He separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened, a thing, with his fingers, so that it became spread, or sparse, or dispersed; (A, K;) as also نفّش , inf. n. تَنْفِيشٌ : (S, K:) or the latter has an intensive signification: and accord. to some, the former signifies he separated a thing not difficult to separate, such as cotton and wool: or he pulled wool until its parts became separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened: (TA:) or he spread, or dispersed, a thing. (MF.) You say, نَفَشْتُ القُطْنَ and الصُّوفَ [I separated or plucked asunder, or loosened, with my fingers, &c., the cotton and the wool]. (S, A.) نَفْشٌ is likewise syn. with نَدْفٌ [the separating and loosening cotton by means of a bow and a wooden mallet]. (TA.) You also say, نَفَشَ الرَّطْبَةَ , inf. n. as above, meaning, He separated what was collected together, or compacted, in the [kind of trefoil called] رطبة . (TA.) And, of a cock, (T, S, in art. بول .) or of a حُبَارَى , (K, in that art.,) when about to fight, (T, K. ibid.,) نَفَشَ بُرَائِلَهُ [He ruffled the feathers around his neck]. (T, S, K, ibid.) It is also intrans syn. with انتفش , q. v. (TA.) [And hence,] نَفَشَتِ الغَنَمُ , (S, A, K,) and الإِبِلُ , (S, Msb, K,) accord. to IDrd the former only, but accord. to others the latter also, and in like manner one says of all beasts, though mostly of غَنَم , (TA,) aor. (S, Msb, K) and نَفِشَ , (S, K,) inf. n. نَفْشٌ , (Msb, K,) or نُفُوشٌ , (S,) or both: (TA;) and نَفشت , aor. نَفَشَ ; (IAar. Sgh, K;) The sheep or goats, and the camels, pastured by night without a pastor: (S, Msb, K:) or without the knowledge of a pastor (TA:) or dispersed themselves by night: (A:) or dispersed themselves and pastured by night without knowledge [of the pastor]: or the sheep or goats entered among seed-produce: (TA:) occurring in the Kur, xxi. 78: (S, TA:) the subst. is نَفَشٌ , signifying their dispersion of themselves and pasturing by night without a pastor. (Msb.)

Form 2نَفَّشَ1 sense

Core sense — he separated, or loosened, a thing with his fingers, muchgenerated

2.1

See form 1, first meaning.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, first signification.

Form 4انفش الغَنَمَ1 sense

Core sense — he let the sheep or camels pasture by night without a herdsmangenerated

4.1he sent the camels out to pasture by night without a herdsman—الإِبِلَ

Said of the herdsman, of sheep or goats and of camels: he sent them, or left them, to pasture by night without a herdsman, neglecting them; or he let them disperse themselves by night.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, K.) and الإِبِلَ , (S, K,) He (the pastor) sent the sheep or goats, and the camels, (K, * TA,) or left them, (S, TA,) to pasture by night without a pastor; (S, K, TA,) neglecting them: (TA:) or to disperse themselves by night. (A.)

Form 5تَنفّشت الهِرَّةُ1 sense

Core sense — the cat bristled up her hair; the bird ruffled its feathersgenerated

5.1the cat bristled up her hair—انتفشت

the cock, or bird, ruffled, or shook, his feathers—تنفّش الدِّيكُ

The same is said of a hyena.

Or الطَّاِئرُ; and انتفش. As though he feared, or threatened, or trembled.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, K,) and انتفشت , (S, A,) The cat bristled up her hair. (S, A, K.) And in like manner you say of a hyena. (A, TA, *) And تنفّش الدِّيكُ , (A,) or الطَّاِئرُ , (K,) and انتفش , (A, TA,) The cock, (A,) or bird, (K,) ruffled, (A,) or shook, (K,) his feathers, as though he feared, (A, K,) or threatened, (A,) or trembled. (K.)

Form 8انتفش1 sense

Core sense — it became separated, or loosened, so that it spread outgenerated

8.1

The same as نَفَشَ used intransitively: it (a thing, or cotton, or wool, and the like) became separated, or plucked apart, or loosened, with the fingers, so that it became spread out, or sparse, or dispersed; quasi-passive of نَفَشَ used transitively.

See also مُنْتَفِشٌ, and form 5, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

i. q. نَفَشَ used intransitively. [signifying It (a thing, or cotton, and wool, and the like,) became separated, or plucked asunder, or loosened, with the fingers, so that it became spread, or sparse, or dispersed; &c., being] quasi-pass. of نَفَشَ used transitively. (TA.) See also مُنْتَفِشٌ . And see 5, in two places.

Derived nouns 6

Nounنَفَشٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — wool; abundance of talk and pretensions; a pasturing by night without a herdsmangenerated

Wool.

1.1figurative · مجازLiterally, if there is no fat, then let there be wool—إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَحْمٌ فَنَفَشٌ

Apparently from this word comes the saying, meaning: if there is no action, then let there be a show of action. Or the last word means a little milk. Meyd, cited by Freytag: see his Arab Prov., 1. 70.

It also means abundance of speech or talk, and of pretensions — and perhaps that is its sense in this saying.

See also form 1, at the end.

And see نَافِشٌ.

Show Lane's original text

Wool. (IAar, K.) [Hence, app., the saying,] إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَحْمٌ فَنَفَشٌ , [lit., If there be not fat, then let there be wool;] meaning, If there be not action, then [let there be] a show of action: (IAar, Az, L:) or the last word signifies a little milk. (Meyd, cited by Freytag: see his Arab Prov., i. 70:) it also signifies, [and perhaps in the above saying,] abundance of speech or talk, and of pretensions. (MF.) See also 1, at the end. And see: نَافِشٌ .

Nounنَفَّاشٌ2 senses

Core sense — proud and boastful; a kind of citron of the largest sizegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Proud and boastful; or one who praises himself for what is not in him, or who says what he does not do.

A kind of لَيْمُون, or citron, of the largest size; the limon sponginus rugosus of Ferrari (Delile, Floræ Aegypt. Illustr., no. 749).

Show Lane's original text

Proud and boastful. or one who praises himself for that which is not in him; or who says that which he does not. (TA.) A kind of لَيْمُون or citron; the limon sponginus sugosus Ferrari; (Delile, Floræ Aegypt. Illustr., no. 749)] of the largest size, (TA.)

Nounنَافِشٌ1 sense

Core sense — pasturing by night without a herdsman, said of camels or sheepgenerated

1camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—إِبِلٌ نَافِشَةٌ

Applied to a camel [and to a sheep or goat]; ism fāʿil of form 1. Feminine نَافشةٌ.

camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—نَفَشٌ

An ism jamʿ of نَافِشٌ.

camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—نِفَاشٌ

Plurals of نَافشٌ.

camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—نُفَّاشٌ

camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—نُفّشٌ

camels pasturing by night without a herdsman—نَوَافِشٌ

Plural of نَافِشةٌ.

goats pasturing by night without a herdsman—عَنَمٌ

Or: dispersing themselves and pasturing by night without the herdsman's knowledge. نَفَشٌ is only by night, but هَمَلٌ is by night and by day.

Show Lane's original text

, applied to a camel [and to a sheep or goat]. fem. نَافشةٌ , Msb, part. n. of 1. (Msb, TA.) You say, إِبِلٌ نَافِشَةٌ , Msb, and نَفَشٌ [quasi-pl. p. of نَافِشٌ ] (S, K) and نِفَاشٌ (Msb) and نُفَّاشٌ (S, K) and نُفّشٌ [pls. of نَافشٌ ] (TA) and نَوَافِشٌ [pl. of نَافِشةٌ ], (S, K,) [and in like manner عَنَمٌ ,] Camels [and goats] pasturing by night without a pastur: (S, Msb, K; or dispersing themselves and pasturing by night without knowledge [of the pastor] (TA:) نَفَشٌ are only by night; but هَمَلٌ , by night and by day (S,)

Nounعِهْنٌ مَنْفُوشٌ1 sense

Core sense — wool separated and loosened with a bow and a wooden malletgenerated

1cotton separated, or plucked apart, or loosened, with the fingers, so that it spreads out—قُطْنٌ مُسْتَفِشٌ

Wool of various colours, separated and loosened with a bow and a wooden mallet. Bd and Jel, at 101:4.

Mentioned under هَيّبَانٌ. See forms 1 and 8.