مرض

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · 17 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 24

Form 1مَرِضَ4 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarمَرَضٌ

Core sense — he became diseased, sick, or illgenerated

1.1he became diseased, sick, or ill—امرض

maṣdar مَرَضٌ and مَرْضٌ, the latter a dialectal form rarely used.

Said of a man, or of an animal of any kind: he came to be in the state termed مَرَضٌ, that change of the constitution or temperament which is described in the explanation of that word below.

Explained by صَارَ ذَا مَرَضٍ.

1.1.1figurative · مجازthe eye became languid, languishing, or weak—مَرِضَتِ العَيْنُ

See مَرِيضٌ. Or, as Golius says on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, it was weak from much, and too much, looking.

1.1.2figurative · مجازthe night became dark—مَرِضَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ

1.1.3

The verb probably has several other figurative meanings agreeing with the explanations of مَرَضٌ and مَرِيضٌ given below.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

26:80

وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ

"And when I am ill, it is He Who cures me;

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Msb, K,) aor. مَرَضَ , inf. n. مَرَضٌ and مَرْضٌ , (Msb, K,) which latter is a dial. form rarely used, (Msb,) He (a man, S, or an animal [of any kind], Msb) was, or became, [diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill; i. e.] in the state termed مَرَضٌ (S, Msb, K) denoting that change of the constitution or temperament which is described in the explanation of this term below; (K;) as also امرض , expl. by صَارَ ذَا مَرَضٍ . (K, TA; but not in the CK.) [Hence, مَرِضَتِ العَيْنُ The eye became languid; or languishing; or weak: (see مَرِيضٌ :) or, as Golius says, on the authority of Ibn-Maaroof, was weak from much, and too much, looking.] And مَرِضَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ The night became dark. (Th, O.) [The verb probably has several other tropical significations agreeable with explanations of مَرَضٌ and مَرِيضٌ which will be found below.]

Form 2مرّضهُ3 senses · 2 main

maṣdarتَمْرِيضٌ

Core sense — he took care of him in his sickness; he was remiss in the affairgenerated

2.1

. He took care of him in his sickness, and treated him medically to remove his disease.

The measure فَعَّلَ has here a privative force, though in most cases its force is confirmative.

Or: he took good care of him, said of a sick person. Or: he undertook, managed, or superintended the medical treatment of him.

2.2figurative · مجازhe fell short of doing what he ought to have done in the affair, or was remiss in it—مرّض فِى الأَمْرِ

Also مَرَّضَهُ, mentioned under ضَهْيَأَ.

Maṣdar as above. Or he did not exert himself to the full, or beyond what is usual, in it; or he did it weakly or feebly, not firmly or soundly; as also مارض فِيهِ. See also Form 5.

such a one was deficient in activity in accomplishing my want—مرّض فُلَانٌ فِى حَاجَتِى

he was weak in his speech—مرّض فِى كَلَامِهِ

2.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe mentioned it, or related it, in a way implying that it was doubtful, or a mere assertion—حَكَاهُ بِصِيغَةِ التَّمْرِيضِ

Probably a post-classical phrase; as when the word قِيلَ is used.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. تَمْرِيضٌ , (S, Msb, K,) He took care of him in his sickness; (Sb, S, Mgh;) and treated him medically, to remove his disease; the measure فَعَّلَ in this instance having a privative quality, though its quality is in most instances confirmative: (Sb:) or he took good care of him, namely a sick person: (K:) or he undertook, or managed, or superintended, the medical treatment of him. (Msb.) مرّض فِى الأَمْرِ , (IDrd, A,) [and مَرَّضَهُ , (O, K voce ضَهْيَأَ ,)] inf. n. as above, (S, K,) He fell short of doing what he ought to have done, or was remiss, in, or with respect to, the affair: (S, A:) or he did not exert himself to the full, or to the utmost, or beyond what is usual, in it: (IDrd:) or he did it weakly, or feebly, (K, * TA,) not firmly or soundly: (TA:) as also مارض فِيهِ . (TA.) [See also 5.] And مرّض فُلَانٌ فِى حَاجَتِى Such a one was deficient in activity in accomplishing my want. (TA.) And مرّض فِى كَلَامِهِ He was weak in his speech. (IDrd.) [ حَكَاهُ بِصِيغَةِ التَّمْرِيضِ , probably a post-classical phrase, signifies He mentioned it, or related it, in a manner implying that it was doubtful, or was a mere assertion; as when the word قِيلَ is used.]

Form 3مارض فِى الأَمْرِ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he was remiss in the affair; I deceived myself about yougenerated

3.1

See Form 2.

3.1.1figurative · مجازI deceived myself, or tried to deceive myself, about you—مَارَضْتُ رَأْيِى فِيكَ

Show Lane's original text

: see 2. مَارَضْتُ رَأْيِى فِيكَ I deceived myself, or endeavoured to deceive myself, respecting thee. (A, TA.)

Form 4امرض7 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he made him diseased; he was near to being right in opiniongenerated

4.1

See Form 1.

4.1.1

He had a bane, or murrain (Yaakoob), or a disease or distemper, in his beasts (Yaakoob), or camels.

4.2He (God) made him diseased—امرضهُ

That is, made him مَرِيض.

he ate what did not agree with him, and it made him fall ill—أَكَلَ مَا لَمْ يُوَافِقْهُ فَأَمْرَضَهُ

That is, it made him fall into المَرَض, disease.

4.2.1figurative · مجازthe lowering of the eyelids in a languid, or languishing, manner—إِمْرَاضُ الأجْفَانِ

Mentioned under إِسْجَادٌ and under إِسْجَادٌ; see مَرِيضٌ.

4.2.2he found him to be diseased—امرضهُ

That is, he found him to be مَرِيض.

4.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe was near to being right in opinion, though not altogether right—امرض

El-Ukeyshir El-Asadee says, praising 'Abd-el-Melik Ibn-Marwán: [But beneath that hoariness is good judgment: when he forms an opinion, he is nearly right, or he is right]

shāhid

وَلٰكِنْ تَحْتَ ذَاكَ الشَّيْبِ حَزْمٌإِذَا مَا ظَنَّ أَمْرَضَ أَوْ أَصَابَا

In the K this meaning is wrongly assigned to امرضهُ.

4.3.1figurative · مجازsuch a one was near to attaining the object of another's want—امرضهُ فُلَانٌ

Show Lane's original text

: see 1. He had a bane, or murrain, (Yaakoob, S,) or a disease, or distemper, (A, TA,) in his beasts, (Yaakoob, S, A,) or camels. (TA.) امرضهُ He (God, S, Msb) rendered him مَرِيض [or diseased, &c.]. (Sb, S, * Msb, K.) You say also, أَكَلَ مَا لَمْ يُوَافِقْهُ فَأَمْرَضَهُ (A, TA) [He ate what did not agree with him, and] it caused him to fall into المَرَض [or disease, &c.]. (TA.) [Hence,] إِمْرَاضُ الأجْفَانِ (S, voce إِسْجَادٌ ) The lowering of the eyelids [in a languid, or languishing, manner: see مَرِيضٌ ]. (TK, voce إِسْجَادٌ .) امرضهُ also signifies He found him to be مَرِيض [or diseased, &c.]. (K.) Also امرض He was near to being right in opinion, (S, L, K, *) though not altogether right. (L.) In the K, this signification is wrongly assigned to امرضهُ . (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely El-Ukeyshir El-Asadee, praising 'Abd-el-Melik Ibn-Marwán, (TA.) 1 [But beneath that hoariness is good judgment: when he forms an opinion, he is nearly right, or he is right]. (S, TA.) وَلٰكِنْ تَحْتَ ذَاكَ الشَّيْبِ حَزْمٌ | إِذَا مَا ظَنَّ أَمْرَضَ أَوْ أَصَابَا Also, امرضهُ فُلَانٌ Such a one was near to attaining the object of his [another's] want. (A, TA.)

Form 5تمرّض1 sense

Core sense — he was weak, or feeble, in his affairgenerated

5.1figurative · مجاز

He was weak, or feeble, in his affair.

The A seems to indicate that تمارض also has this meaning, just as مارض, in nearly the same sense, is synonymous with مرّض (see that word).

Or perhaps تمارض means he feigned, or made a false show of, weakness or feebleness in his affair; the A says it is used figuratively as well as literally.

Show Lane's original text

He was weak, or feeble, in his affair. (A, * K, TA.) [It seems to be indicated in the A that تمارض also has this signification; like as مارض in nearly the same sense is syn. with مرّض , q. v.: or perhaps تمارض signifies he feigned, or made a false show of, weakness, or feebleness, in his affair: it is said, in the A, to be used tropically as well as properly.]

Form 6تمارض2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he made a false show of disease in himselfgenerated

6.1he feigned, or made a false show of, disease in himself—مَرَض

6.1.1

Derived nouns 11

Nounمَرْضٌ1 sense

Core sense — disease, sickness, illnessgenerated

See Form 1, and see the entry that follows, in six places.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1: and see what here next follows, in six places.

Nounمَرَضٌ1 sense

Core sense — disease, sickness; doubt; hypocrisygenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredin their hearts is doubt—فِى قُلْوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ

This word and مَرْضٌ: see Form 1.

The same as سُقْمٌ: disease, disorder, distemper, sickness, illness, or malady; the opposite of صِحَّةٌ. It affects man and the camel.

Or: a certain state foreign to the constitution or temperament, injurious to the intellect; from which it is known that pains and swellings are accidents arising from it.

Or, as IF says: that by which a man passes beyond the limit of health, soundness, perfection, or rectitude, whether it be disease, or hypocrisy, or a falling short of doing what he ought to do in an affair.

Or: a dark and disordered state of the constitution or temperament, after a clear and right state of it.

Or مَرْضٌ is a disease of the heart.

Aboo-Is-hák says that مَرَضٌ and سُقْمٌ are said to be in the body and in religion, just as صِحَّةٌ is said to be in the body and in religion; and مَرْضٌ is in the heart, applying to everything by which a man leaves a state of soundness, perfection, or rectitude in religion.

As says: I recited to Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà the words of the Qur'ān, chapter 2, verse 9, فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ, and he said to me, مَرْضٌ, 'O boy'. (AHát)

And مَرَضٌ, or this and مَرْضٌ also, means doubt; hypocrisy; weakness of belief; and the former, or both, languor or weakness; darkness in the heart; and defectiveness, deficiency, or imperfection, which last IAar says is the primary meaning.

Or مَرَضٌ in the body is a languor or weakness of the limbs; in the eye, weakness of sight; in the heart, a flagging or remissness in respect of the truth. (Ibn-'Arafeh)

Or it properly means an accidental affection of the body which puts it out of the right state proper to it and necessarily interrupts or weakens its actions; and figuratively, affections of the mind which interrupt or mar its integrity, such as ignorance, evil belief, envy, malevolence or malice, and love of acts of disobedience, since these prevent the attaining of excellences, or lead to the loss of true eternal life.

It is a generic noun, and the ism waḥda is مَرْضَةٌ. It is one of the maṣdars that have plurals, like شُغْلٌ and عَقْلٌ, the plurals of these three being أَمْرَاضٌ, أَشْغَالٌ, and عُقُولٌ.

In the Qur'ān, chapter 2, verse 9; or doubt and hypocrisy.

in whose heart is darkness—الَّذِى فِى قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ

In the same, chapter 33, verse 32; or a flagging or remissness in respect of what is commanded and what is forbidden; or love of adultery or fornication; or hypocrisy.

Show Lane's original text

(IDrd, S, O, Msb, K) and مَرْضٌ : (Msb, K:) see 1: i. q. سُقْمٌ [Disease, disorder, distemper, sickness, illness, or malady]; (IDrd, S;) which is the contr. of صِحَّةٌ ; and affects man and the camel [&c.]: (IDrd:) or a certain state foreign to the constitution or temperament, injurious to the intellect; whence it is known that pains and tumours are accidents arising therefrom: or, as IF says, that whereby a man passes beyond the limit of health or soundness or perfection or rectitude, whether it be disease ( عِلَّة ), or hypocrisy, or a falling short of doing what he ought to do in an affair: (Msb:) or a dark and disordered state of the constitution or temperament, after a clear and right state thereof: (O, K:) or مَرْضٌ is [a disease] of the heart: (K:) Aboo-Is-hák says, مَرَضٌ and سُقْمٌ are said to be in the body and in religion, like as صِحَّةٌ is said to be in the body and in religion; and مَرْضٌ is in the heart, applying to everything whereby a man quits a state of soundness or perfection or rectitude in religion: (TA:) and As says, I recited to Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà [the words of the Kur, ii. 9, &c.,] فِى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ and he said to me ↓ “ مَرْضٌ , O boy ”: (AHát, IDrd, Msb:) and مَرَضٌ , or this and مَرْضٌ also, signifies doubt: and hypocrisy: (K:) and weakness of belief: (TA:) and the former, (TA,) or ↓ both, (K,) languor, or languidness, or weakness: (K:) and darkness (IAar, K) in the heart: (IAar:) and defectiveness; deficiency; or imperfection; (IAar, K;) which last is said by IAar to be the primary signification: (TA:) or مَرَضٌ in the body is a languor, or languidness, or weakness, of the limbs, or members: and in the eye, weakness of sight: and in the heart, a flagging, or remissness, in respect of the truth: (Ibn-'Arafeh:) or it properly signifies an accidental affection of the body, which puts it out of the right state proper to it, and necessarily occasions interruption, or infirmity, in its actions: and tropically, affections of the mind, which interrupt, or mar, its integrity; such as ignorance; and evil belief; and envy; and malevolence, or malice; and love of acts of disobedience; for these prevent from the attaining of excellences, or lead to the cessation of true eternal life: (Bd, ii. 9:) it is a gen. n.: (IDrd:) and the n. un. is مَرْضَةٌ : (A, TA:) it is one of the inf. ns. which have pls., like شُغْلٌ and عَقْلٌ ; the pls. of these three being أَمْرَاضٌ and أَشْغَالٌ and عُقُولٌ . (Sb.) فِى قُلْوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ , in the Kur, [ii. 9, &c.,] means In their hearts is doubt: (AO:) or doubt and hypocrisy. (TA.) And الَّذِى فِى قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ , in the same, [xxxiii. 32,] In whose heart is darkness: or flagging, or remissness, in respect of what is commanded and what is forbidden: or love of adultery or fornication: (TA:) or hypocrisy. (A.)

Nounمَرِضٌ1 sense

Core sense — diseased, sick, illgenerated

See مَرِيضٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَرِيضٌ .

Nounمَرْضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a single diseasegenerated

[A single disease.] See مَرَضٌ, near the end of that paragraph.

Show Lane's original text

[A single disease, &c.]: see مَرَضٌ , near the end of the paragraph.

Nounمُرَاضٌ1 sense

Core sense — a blight that affects fruits and destroys themgenerated

A disease, blight, or the like, which affects fruits and destroys them.

Show Lane's original text

A disease [or blight or the like] which affects fruits, and destroys them. (K.)

Nounمَرِيضٌ1 sense

Core sense — diseased, sick, ill; languid, said of an eyegenerated

1figurative · مجازvisit such a one, for he is sick—عُدْ فُلَانٌ فَإِنَّهُ مَرِيضٌ

Diseased, disordered, distempered, sick, or ill; in the state termed مَرَضٌ, that change of the constitution or temperament described under that word above; also مَرِضٌ and مَارِضٌ.

The first two are from the verb whose maṣdar is مَرَضٌ, and the third from that whose maṣdars are مَرْضٌ, مَمْرُوضٌ, and مُتَمَرِّضٌ.

Or, applied to a body, it means deficient in strength.

Plural مِرَاضٌ, مَرْضَى, مَرَاضَى, and مُرَضَآءُ; or مِرَاضٌ may be the plural of مَارِضٌ or of مَرِضٌ.

do not eat this food, for you will be sick if you eat it—لَا تَأْكُلْ هٰذَا الطَّعَامَ فَإِنَّكَ مَارِضٌ إِنْ أَكَلْتَهُ

According to Lh.

That is, تَمْرَضُ.

مَرِيضٌ has also several figurative meanings.

an eye in which is languor, or weakness—عَيْنٌ مَرِيضَةٌ

Plural أَعْيَنٌ مِرَاضٌ and مَرْضَى.

a woman weak in sight—إِمْرَأَةٌ مَرِيضَةُ الأَلْحَاظِ

Also مريضةُ النَّظَرِ.

a heart deficient in religion—قَلْبٌ مَرِيضٌ

So says IAar.

a sun having a feeble light, not clear and not beautiful—شَمْسٌ مَرِيضَةٌ

a land in which seditions, conflicts, dissensions, wars and slaughters are frequent—أَرْضٌ مَرِيضَةٌ

Or in a weak condition; or straitened with its inhabitants; or in which the wind is still and the heat intense; or that causes disease, meaning corrupt in its air.

a weak wind—رِيحٌ مَرِيضَةٌ

Or a still wind; or a wind intensely hot and blowing feebly.

a night in which no star shines—لَيْلَةٌ مَرِيضَةٌ

In which the sky is clouded, so that there is no light.

an opinion deviating from what is right—رَأْىٌ مَرِيضٌ

Show Lane's original text

[Diseased; disordered; distempered; sick; or ill;] in the state termed مَرَضٌ (Msb, K) denoting that change of the constitution or temperament which is described in the explanation of the latter word above; (K;) as also مَرِضٌ (K,) and مَارِضٌ , (IB, Msb, K,) the first [and second] being from the verb of which the inf. n. is مَرَضٌ , and the third from that of which the inf. n. is مَرْضٌ , (Msb,) and مَمْرُوضٌ , and مُتَمَرِّضٌ : (TA:) or, applied to a body, it signifies deficient in strength: (IAar:) pl. مِرَاضٌ (A, K, TA:) and مَرْضَى (IDrd, Msb, K) and مَرَاضَى (IDrd, K) and مُرَضَآءُ ; (TA;) or مِرَاضٌ may be pl. of مَارِضٌ (TA) [or of مَرِضٌ ]. Accord. to Lh, you say, عُدْ فُلَانٌ فَإِنَّهُ مَرِيضٌ [Visit thou such a one, for he is sick]: and لَا تَأْكُلْ هٰذَا الطَّعَامَ فَإِنَّكَ مَارِضٌ إِنْ أَكَلْتَهُ meaning تَمْرَضُ [i. e. Eat not thou this food, for thou wilt be sick if thou eat it]. (TA.) [ مَرِيضٌ has also several tropical significations.] You say also, عَيْنٌ مَرِيضَةٌ An eye in which is languor, or languidness, or weakness: (S, TA:) pl. أَعْيَنٌ مِرَاضٌ , and مَرْضَى . (A, TA.) And إِمْرَأَةٌ مَرِيضَةُ الأَلْحَاظِ and مريضةُ النَّظَرِ A woman weak in sight. (IDrd.) And قَلْبٌ مَرِيضٌ A heart deficient in religion. [IAar.) And شَمْسٌ مَرِيضَةٌ A sun having a feeble light; (A, K; *) not clear, (S, TA,) and not beautiful. (TA.) And أَرْضٌ مَرِيضَةٌ A land in which are frequent seditions, or factions, or conflicts, or dissensions, (A, TA,) and wars, (A,) and slaughters: (TA:) or in a weak condition: (K:) or straitened with its inhabitants: or in which the wind is still, and the heat intense: or that causes disease; meaning corrupt in its air. (TA.) And رِيحٌ مَرِيضَةٌ (A, K) A weak wind: (K:) or a still wind: or a wind intensely hot, and blowing feebly. (TA.) And لَيْلَةٌ مَرِيضَةٌ A night in which no star shines; (A;) in which the sky is clouded, so that there is no light. (TA.) And رَأْىٌ مَرِيضٌ (A, TA) An opinion deviating from what is right. (TA.)

Nounمَارِضٌ1 sense

Core sense — diseased, sickgenerated

See مَرِيضٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَرِيضٌ , in two places.

Nounمُمْرِضٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man having diseased camelsgenerated

1one having diseased camels shall not bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are healthy—لَا يُورِدُ مُمْرِضٌ عَلَى مُصِحٍّ

A man having diseased camels; so in a tradition.

The prohibition is not because disease passes by contagion, but because disease may sometimes befall the healthy beasts and it may come into the owner's mind that this is from contagion. See also مُصِحٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

A man having diseased camels: so in the following trad.: لَا يُورِدُ مُمْرِضٌ عَلَى مُصِحٍّ [One having diseased camels shall not bring them to water immediately after one whose camels are in a healthy state]: the prohibition being not because of the transition of disease by contagion; but because sometimes disease may befall the healthy beasts, and it may come into the mind of the owner that that is from contagion. (TA.) [See also مُصِحٌّ .]

Nounمِمْرَاضٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man frequently diseased or sickgenerated

A man frequently diseased or sick.

Show Lane's original text

A man frequently diseased or sick. (S, K.)

Nounمَمْرُوضٌ1 sense

Core sense — diseased, sickgenerated

See مَرِيضٌ.

Show Lane's original text

see مَرِيضٌ .

Nounمُتَمَرِّضٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a man weak, or feeble, in his affairgenerated

See مَرِيضٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز

Also: a man weak, or feeble, in his affair.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَرِيضٌ . Also, A man weak, or feeble, in his affair. (TA.)