قوت

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · Form 10 · 13 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 2

Form 1قَاتَ4 senses

maṣdarقَوْتٌmuḍāriʿيَقُوتُ

Core sense — he fed, nourished, or sustained him, or his familygenerated

1.1he gave him his قُوت, his food—اقاتهُ

maṣdar قَوْتٌ, قُوتٌ, and قِيَاتَةٌ, the last originally قِوَاتَةٌ.

He fed, nourished, or sustained him, or them, or his family — with food enough to sustain the body, or with a small supply of the means of subsistence; he gave him what is called قُوت.

it is enough of a sin for a man that he destroy the one he is bound to sustain—كَفَى بِالمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ

That is, those of his family, household and slaves whom he is bound to sustain. Some relate it as مَنْ يُقِيتُهُ, using a dialectal variant of يقوت.

he supplied food to him—اقتات لَهُ

This appears to be the primary meaning; see this verb again near the end of the article.

1.2he straitened his household, out of stinginess or poverty—قَاتَ

قوّت, اقات, and أَقْوَتَ are sometimes used in the same way; mentioned under the article زنق.

1.3measure your corn, and He will bless you in it—قُوتُوا طَعَامَكُمْ يُبَارِكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ

A tradition, related thus by some and as قُوِّتُوا by others.

Others take it to mean: make small round cakes of your corn and the like.

1.4

See also form 8, in the middle of that article.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) aor. يَقُوتُ , (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. قَوْتٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and قُوتٌ (Sb, K) and قِيَاتَةٌ , (S, O, K,) the last originally قِوَاتَةٌ , (O,) He fed, nourished, or sustained, (S, Msb, TA,) or fed with what would sustain the body, (S, O, K, * TA,) [or with food sufficient to sustain life,] or with a small supply of the means of subsistence, (TA,) him, (Msb, TA,) or them, (K, TA,) or his family; (S, O;) he gave him [or them] what is termed قُوت [q. v.]: (Msb:) and اقاتهُ signifies [in like manner] he gave him his قُوت . (TA.) It is said in a trad., كَفَى بِالمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ i. e. [It suffices the man as a sin, or crime, that he destroy] him whom he is bound to sustain, of his family and household and slaves: or, as some relate it, مَنْ يُقِيتُهُ ; using a dial. var. [of يقوت ]. (TA.) [And اقتات لَهُ app. signifies, primarily, He supplied to him food. (See this verb below, near the end of the paragraph.)] And قَاتَ and قوّت and اقات and أَقْوَتَ [sometimes] signify He straitened his household, by reason of niggardliness or poverty. (TA in art. زنق .) قُوتُوا طَعَامَكُمْ يُبَارِكْ لَكُمْ فِيهِ , a trad., thus related by some, by others قُوِّتُوا , [loosely expl. in the TA,] means, accord. to some, Measure ye your corn, [and] He will bless you in it: or, accord. to others, make ye small round cakes ( أَقْرَاص ) of your corn, &c. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, and scholia thereon.) See also 8, in the middle of the paragraph.

Form 2قَوَّتَ1 sense

Core sense — he fed him, he gave him foodgenerated

2.1

See the preceding article, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

see the preceding paragraph, in two places.

Form 4اقاتهُ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he fed him; he protected him; he had power to do the thinggenerated

4.1

See form 1, first and second sentences.

4.1.1

Also: he kept, preserved, guarded, or protected him.

4.2he had power, or ability, to do the thing—اقات عَلَى الشَّىْءِ

he had power, or ability, to do the thing—اقاته

4.3

See again form 1, latter half, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1, first and second sentences. Also He kept, preserved, guarded, or protected, him. (TA.) And اقات عَلَى الشَّىْءِ , (S, O, K, *) and اقاته , (K,) He had power, or ability, to do, effect, accomplish, attain, or compass, the thing. (S, O, K.) See, again, 1, latter half, in two places.

Form 5فُلَانٌ يَتَقَوَّتُ بِكَذَا1 sense

Core sense — he sustains himself with something, he makes it his foodgenerated

5.1he sustains himself with what is little—بِالقَلِيلِ

he made the thing his قُوت, his food—تقّوت بِالشَّىْءِ

Such a one feeds, nourishes, or sustains himself with such a thing.

اقتات بِهِ and اقتاتهُ mean the same.

he ate it—اقتات بِهِ

اقتاتهُ means the same.

Show Lane's original text

[Such a one feeds, nourishes, or sustains, himself with such a thing], (S, O,) or بِالقَلِيلِ [with that which is little]: (Msb:) or تقّوت بِالشَّىْءِ he made the thing his قُوت [or food]; and اقتات بِهِ and اقتاتهُ signify thus likewise: (TA:) or اقتات بِهِ signifies he ate it; (Msb;) and so does اقتاتهُ . (TA.)

Form 8اقتات6 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he was fed, sustained; he fed upon it; he took it little by littlegenerated

8.1

He was, or became, fed, nourished, or sustained; the quasi-passive of قَاتَ in the sense explained at the beginning of this article.

8.1.1they feed upon, or eat, grain—هُمْ يَقْتَاتُونَ الحَبَّ

It is transitive by means of بِ and also by itself; see form 5, in four places.

8.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Ṭufeyl says:

shāhid

يَقْتَاتُ فَضْلَ سَنَامِهَا الرَّحْلُ

ISd holds this to mean: the saddle, as it were, eats the remainder of her hump, as though making it food for itself.

According to IAar the meaning is: it takes it away thing after thing, piece by piece; but I have not heard this meaning in any other instance.

IAar says that this is the source of the oath sworn one day by El-ʿOkeylee, لَا وَقَائِتِ نَفْسِى البَصِيرِ مَا فَعَلْتُ, since الاِقْتِيَاتُ, the maṣdar of اقتات, and القَوْتُ, the maṣdar of قَاتَ, are one in meaning.

AM says the meaning of this is: No, by Him who takes my spirit, breath after breath, until He has taken it wholly, the All-seeing, I did not do that thing.

And Ṭufeyl's line means: the saddle, while I am riding on it, takes away the fat of her hump little by little until none of it remains.

8.1.3figurative · مجازwar makes the camels to be food—الحَرْبُ تَقْتَاتُ الإِبِلَ

Meaning that in consequence of war the camels are given in payment of bloodwits.

8.1.4figurative · مجازsuch a one cuts his speech short—فُلَانٌ يَقْتَاتُ الكَلَامَ

Said of one who talks little; synonymous with يُقِلُّهُ.

8.2figurative · مجاز — inferredsupply food to your fire; feed your fire with fuel—اِقْتَتْ لِنَارِكَ قِيتَةً

blow the fire with your blowing, gently and little—اِقْتَتْ لِلنَّارِ نَفْخَكَ قِيتَةً

blow the fire with a blowing, gently and little—قُوتًا اُنْفُخْ فِى النَّارِ نَفْخًا

on this sense See also form 1, latter half.

Show Lane's original text

signifies He was, or became, fed, nourished, or sustained; being quasi-pass. of قَاتَ signifying as expl. in the beginning of this art. (S, A, Mgh, O, K, TA.) And it is trans. by means of بِ , and by itself: see 5, in four places. One says, هُمْ يَقْتَاتُونَ الحَبَّ [They feed upon, or eat, grain]. (A.) The saying, of Tufeyl, 1 is held by ISd to mean, The saddle [as it were] eats the remainder of her hump, [as though] making it to be food for itself: accord. to IAar, he says, the meaning is, takes it away thing after thing [or piecemeal]; but I have not heard this [meaning] in any other instance: hence, says IAar, the oath sworn one day by El-'Okeylee, [said in the A to be an oath of the Arabs of the desert,] لَا وَقَائِتِ نَفْسِى البَصِيرِ مَا فَعَلْتُ , for, he says, الاِقْتِيَاتُ [the inf. n. of اقتات ] and القَوْتُ [inf. n. of قَاتَ ] are one [in signification]; and AM says that the meaning of this is, [No, by] Him who takes my spirit, breath after breath, until He has taken it wholly, [the All-seeing, I did not that thing:] and the saying of Tufeyl means the saddle, while I am riding upon it, takes by little and little the fat of her hump until there remains not of it aught. (TA.) يَقْتَاتُ فَضْلَ سَنَامِهَا الرَّحْلُ One says also, الحَرْبُ تَقْتَاتُ الإِبِلَ [War makes the camels to be food]; meaning that [in consequence of war] the camels are given in payment of bloodwits. (A.) And فُلَانٌ يَقْتَاتُ الكَلَامَ Such a one retrenches, or curtails, speech, or talk; [said of one who speaks, or talks, little;] syn. يُقِلُّهُ . (A.) See also 1, latter half. [Hence,] one says, اِقْتَتْ لِنَارِكَ قِيتَةً [Supply to thy fire ali- ment;] feed thy fire with fuel. (S, O, K.) And اِقْتَتْ لِلنَّارِ نَفْخَكَ قِيتَةً , and قُوتًا اُنْفُخْ فِى النَّارِ نَفْخًا , Blow thou the fire with thy blowing, and with a blowing, gently and little [as an aliment]. (L.)

Form 10استقاتهُ1 sense

Core sense — he asked him for foodgenerated

10.1

He asked him for قُوت, that is, for food or victuals.

Show Lane's original text

He asked of him قُوت [i. e. food, or victuals]. (S, A, O, K.)

Derived nouns 7

Nounقَاتٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a tree, Catha edulis, whose green leaves are eaten; a kind of lettucegenerated

A species of tree, of the class Pentandria, order Monogynia, of the Linnaean system, belonging to the natural order Celastraceae; it is mentioned in botanical works under the name Catha edulis, and is fully described by Forskål in his Flora Ægypt. Arab., pp. 63, 64, where he says: “In Yemen colitur iisdem hortis cum Coffea. Stipitibus plantatur. Arabes folia viridia avide edunt, multum eorum vires venditantes, qui copiosius comederit, vel totam vigilet noctem: asseverant quoque pestem ea loca non intrare ubi hæc colitur arbor:” and so on.

1.1

In the same work, p. 118, Forskål mentions قات الرعيان (by which قَاتُ الرُّعْيَانِ is meant) as the name of a species of lettuce, lactuca inermis.

1.2

On the first of these plants see also De Sacy's Chrestomathie Arabe, 2nd ed., vol. 1, pp. 462, 463.

Show Lane's original text

[ A species of tree, of the class Pentandria, order Monogynia, of the Linnæan system; belonging to the natural order of Celastraceæ; mentioned in botanical works under the name of Catha edulis; and fully described by Forskål in his Flora Ægypt. Arab., pp. 63, 64; in the latter page of which he says: “ In Yemen colitur iisdem hortis cum Coffea. Stipitibus plantatur. Arabes folia viridia avide edunt, multum eorum vires venditantes, qui copiosius comederit, vel totam vigilet noctem: asseverant quoque pestem ea loca non intrare ubi hæc colitur arbor: ” &c. And in the same work, p. cxviii., Forskål mentions قات الرعيان (by which is meant قَاتُ الرُّعْيَانِ ) as the name of A species of lettuce, lactuca inermis. Respecting the former plant, see also De Sacy's Chrest. Arabe, sec. ed., i. 462, 463.]

Nounقُوت2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — food, nutriment; food enough to sustain lifegenerated

1he has not a night's food enough to sustain life—مَا عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ لَيْلَةٍ

Food, aliment, nutriment, victuals, or provisions by which the body of man is sustained.

قِيتٌ and قِيتَةٌ mean the same, as used in the phrases below, with kesr to the ق and the و changed into ى; so also قَائِتٌ and قُوَاتٌ, the last mentioned but not explained by Lh, and thought by ISd to be from قُوتٌ.

What is eaten in order to keep hold of the remains of life; so explained by Az and IF: or food enough to sustain life. Plural أَقْوَاتٌ.

he has not a night's food enough to sustain life—قِيتُ لَيْلَةٍ

he has not a night's food enough to sustain life—قِيتَةُ لَيْلَةٍ

a man's lot in life shows itself in his food—جَدُّ ٱمْرِئٍ فِى قَائِتِهِ

A proverb.

1.1

See also form 8, former half.

2.1a name for the lion—القَائِتُ

Show Lane's original text

[act. part. n. of قَاتَ ; Feeding, &c. And hence, Sufficing]. القَائِتُ مِنَ العَيْشِ means What is sufficient [of the means of subsistence]. (K.) And one says, هُوَ فِى قَائِتٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ He is in a state of sufficiency [in respect of the means of subsistence]. (S. O.) See also قُوتٌ , in two places. See also 8, former half. القَائِتُ is an appellation of The lion. (O, K.)

Nounمُقِيتٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who gives food; a keeper, protector; a witnessgenerated

One who gives food, nourishment, or sustenance. See form 1, first sentence.

1.1

And hence: keeping, preserving, guarding, or protecting; a keeper; synonymous with حَافِظٌ, which apparently also means watching, or a watcher.

Also witnessing, or a witness; synonymous with شَاهِدٌ or شَهِيدٌ.

AO says that among the Arabs it means one acquainted with a thing.

Th cites these verses of Es-Semowʾal Ibn-ʿÁdiyà:

shāhid

لَيْتَ شِعْرِى وَأَشْعُرَنَّ إِذَا مَاقَرَّبُوهَا مَنْشُورَةً وَدُعِيتُأَلِىَ الفَضْلُ أَمْ عَلَىَّ إِذَا حُوسِبْتُ إِنِّى عَلَى الحِسَابِ مُقِيتُ

They mean: I wish I knew — but I shall certainly know, when they have set it (that is, the صَحِيفَة, the record of my actions) near me, unfolded, and I am summoned — whether superiority is for me or against me when I am reckoned with; I shall certainly be a watcher, or a witness, of the reckoning, or, as some say, acquainted with the reckoning.

That is: I shall know what evil I have done; for, as is said in the Qur'ān 75:14, man shall be a witness against himself.

IB says that, according to Seer, the correct reading is رَبِّى على الحساب مقيت, meaning my Lord is able to make the reckoning, because one who is submissive to his Lord does not describe himself by this adjective. But IB adds that Seer based this remark on the assumption that مقيت is here used as meaning مُقْتَدِرٌ; if it is understood as synonymous with حَافِظٌ and شَاهِدٌ, the first reading is not open to objection.

Qur’ān 75:14 approximate — somewhere between 75:1 and 75:26 Lane cites “Kur lxxv. 14”

1.2one of the best names of God: the Possessor of power—المُقِيتُ

As such it means the Possessor of power, since He gives every man his قُوت, his food, and gives to everything as well; or, as one of those names, the Preserver, or Protector, who gives to everything such preservation or protection as it needs.

for God is a possessor of power over everything—وَكَانَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ مُقِيتًا

In the Qur'ān 4:87. Ksh: God is omnipotent, so He will requite everyone for what he has done; or a witness, and a preserver, protector, or watcher.

Show Lane's original text

[Giving, or a giver of, food, nourishment, or sustenance. (See 1, first sentence.) And hence,] Keeping, preserving, guarding, or protecting; or a keeper, &c.; syn. حَافِظٌ [as signifying thus; and app. as signifying also watching; or a watcher]: (S, A, O, Msb, K:) and witnessing; or a witness; syn. شَاهِدٌ ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or شَهِيدٌ : (A:) and AO says that it signifies, with the Arabs, one acquainted ( مَوْقُوفٌ ) with a thing ( عَلَى شَىْءٍ ). (TA.) Th cites the following verses (of Es-Semow'al Ibn-Ádiyà, O): 1 [meaning Would that I knew, but I shall assuredly know when they shall have set it (namely, the صَحِيفَة , or record, of my actions,) near, unfolded, and I am summoned, whether superiority be for me or against me when I am reckoned with: verily I shall be a watcher, or a witness, of the reckoning, or, accord. to some, as is said in the TA, acquainted with the reckoning]: i. e. I shall know what evil I have done; for [as is said in the Kur lxxv. 14] man shall be a witness against himself: (S, O, TA:) IB says that, accord. to Seer, the correct reading is, رَبِّى على الحساب مقيت [meaning my Lord is able to make the reckoning] because he who is submissive to his Lord does not describe himself by this epithet: but IB adds that Seer has founded this remark upon the assumption that مقيت is here used as meaning مُقْتَدِرٌ ; and that if it be understood as syn. with حَافِظٌ and شَاهِدٌ , the former reading is not objectionable. (TA.) لَيْتَ شِعْرِى وَأَشْعُرَنَّ إِذَا مَا | قَرَّبُوهَا مَنْشُورَةً وَدُعِيتُ | أَلِىَ الفَضْلُ أَمْ عَلَىَّ إِذَا حُو | سِبْتُ إِنِّى عَلَى الحِسَابِ مُقِيتُ المُقِيتُ is one of the best names of God: (TA:) and [as such] signifies The Possessor of power; (Fr, Zj, S, O, Msb, K, TA;) as He who gives to every man his قُوت [or food], (F, S, O, K, TA,) and likewise to everything: (TA:) or (as one of those names, TA) the Preserver, or Protector, (Zj, TA,) who gives to everything such preservation, or protection, as is needful. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [iv. 87], وَكَانَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ مُقِيتًا , (S, O,) meaning [For God is] a possessor of power [over everything, or is omnipotent], (Ksh, Bd, Jel,) so He will requite everyone for what he has done: (Jel:) or a witness, [and] a preserver, or protector, or watcher. (Ksh, Bd.)