muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarقَضَآءٌ
Core sense — he finished a thing entirely; he decreed it; he paid a duegenerated
1.1and your Lord has commanded decisively—وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ
An example of finishing by word.
and he completed them as seven heavens—فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ
An example of finishing by deed. Kur 41:11.
on this sense He finished a thing entirely, by word or by deed. This is the primary meaning.
1.1.1
He (God) desired a thing so as to make its being necessary.
1.1.2when He (God) desires a thing to be—إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا
Kur 2:111.
1.1.3
[So it signifies: he decreed a thing; ordained it; pronounced it; or decided it judicially.]
1.1.4he decided judicially against him, he judged against him—قَضَى عَلَيْهِ
and others.
he judged between the two litigants—بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ
See قَدْرٌ.
1.1.5
[He completed, accomplished, or fully performed, a thing.]
1.1.6he attained, or accomplished, his want—قَضَى
1.1.7
[He paid, or satisfied, a debt, a due, a claim, or a demand.]
1.1.8I paid him his due in full—قَضَيْتُهُ حَقَّهُ
1.1.9he, or it, paid, or gave satisfaction, for him—قَضَى عَنْهُ
Mentioned in the article جزى and elsewhere.
Also followed by شَيْئًا: he paid a thing for him, or in his place; he gave it as satisfaction. Used both literally and figuratively.
See جَزَى عَنْهُ, and see a verse cited under دَانَ in the article دين.
Lane cites “Bd in ii. 45” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.1.10
He finished doing a thing; he finished his prayer.
He performed, or accomplished, the pilgrimage, synonym أَدَّى; and the religious rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, synonym قَضَىَ بِهِ.
Lane cites “Jel in ii. 196” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.1.11he decreed it—حَكَمَ بِهِ
Like حَكَمَ بِهِ. For an example see under سُلْطَانٌ.
1.1.12his saying such a thing is one of the things that cause the greatest wonder—قَوْلُهُ مَمَّا يَقْضِى العَجَبَ
Mentioned in the article جلب. See Har, p. 22.
1.1.13
وَقَضَيْنَا إِلَى بَنِى إِسرائِيلَ (Kur 17:4): see إِلَى.
1.1.14
قَضُوَ: see غَزُوَ, هَيُؤَ and بُطُآنَ; and see also طَمُعَ.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 5 shown of 56
15:66
وَقَضَيْنَآ إِلَيْهِ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْأَمْرَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ مَقْطُوعٌ مُّصْبِحِينَAnd We made known this decree to him, that the last remnants of those (sinners) should be cut off by the morning.
22:29
ثُمَّ لْيَقْضُوا۟ تَفَثَهُمْ وَلْيُوفُوا۟ نُذُورَهُمْ وَلْيَطَّوَّفُوا۟ بِٱلْبَيْتِ ٱلْعَتِيقِ"Then let them complete the rites prescribed for them, perform their vows, and (again) circumambulate the Ancient House."
27:78
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِى بَيْنَهُم بِحُكْمِهِۦ ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْعَلِيمُVerily thy Lord will decide between them by His Decree: and He is Exalted in Might, All-Knowing.
43:77
وَنَادَوْا۟ يَـٰمَـٰلِكُ لِيَقْضِ عَلَيْنَا رَبُّكَ ۖ قَالَ إِنَّكُم مَّـٰكِثُونَThey will cry: "O Malik! would that thy Lord put an end to us!" He will say, "Nay, but ye shall abide!"
80:23
كَلَّا لَمَّا يَقْضِ مَآ أَمَرَهُۥBy no means hath he fulfilled what Allah hath commanded him.
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
He finished a thing entirely, by word, or by deed. This is the primary meaning. (Bd, ii. 111.) By word, as in وَقَضَى رَبُّكَ (Idem, ibid.) And thy Lord hath commanded decisively. (Idem, xvii. 24.) And by deed, as in فَقَضَاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ [Kur, xli. 11, And he completed them seven heavens]. (Idem, ii. 11.) And He (God) desired a thing so as to necessitate its being. (Idem, ii. 11.) إِذَا قَضَى أَمْرًا , [Kur, ii. 111,] When He (God) desireth a thing to be. (Bd, Jel.) [Thus it signifies He decreed a thing; ordained it; pronounced it; or decided it judicially.] قَضَى عَلَيْهِ , aor. قَضِىَ , inf. n. قَضَآءٌ &c., He decided judicially, or judged, against him; and بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ between the two litigants. (TA.) See قَدْرٌ . [He completed; accomplished; or fully performed; a thing.] قَضَى He attained, or obtained, or accomplished, his want. (Msb.) [He paid, discharged, or satisfied, a debt, due, claim, or demand.] قَضَيْتُهُ حَقَّهُ I gave him [or paid him] his due, (Msb,) fully. (Har, p. 22.) قَضَى عَنْهُ (S, K, in art. جزى , &c.) He, or it, payed; or made, or gave, or rendered, satisfaction; for him. (TK in that art.) And followed by شَيْئًا [He paid a thing for him, or in his stead; gave, or rendered, it as a satisfaction; lit. and fig.] (S, TA in that art., and Bd in ii. 45.) See جَزَى عَنْهُ ; and see a verse cited voce دَانَ , in art. دين . He finished doing a thing: he finished his prayer. (TA.) He performed, fulfilled, or accomplished, the pilgrimage, syn. أَدَّى , (Msb,) and the religions rites and ceremonies of the pilgrimage, (Bd, Jel in ii. 196,) syn. قَضَىَ بِهِ . (Jel, ibid, Msb.) You also say, حَكَمَ بِهِ He decreed it; &c.; like حَكَمَ بِهِ : see an ex. voce سُلْطَانٌ . قَوْلُهُ مَمَّا يَقْضِى العَجَبَ [His saying such a thing is of the things that induce wonder in the utmost degree]. (TA in art. جلب .) See Har, p. 22. وَقَضَيْنَا إِلَى بَنِى إِسرائِيلَ (Kur, xvii. 4): see إِلَى . قَضُوَ : see غَزُوَ , and هَيُؤَ , and بُطُآنَ ; and see طَمُعَ in the S.