قرض

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 6 · Form 7 · Form 8 · Form 10 · 17 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 13

Form 1قَرَضَهُ6 senses · 4 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarقَرْضٌ

Core sense — he cut it; he gnawed it; he passed across it; he recited poetrygenerated

1.1he cut it much, or repeatedly—قرّضهُ

He cut it — a thing, or a garment, or piece of cloth — with the مِقْرَاض or with the مِقْرَاضَانِ..

Maṣdar تَقْرِيضٌ.

This is the primary meaning.

1.1.1he cut it with his canine tooth, or fang—قَرَضَهُ بِنَابِهِ

the camel chewed his cud—قَرَضَ البَعِيرُ جَرَّتَهُ

Muḍāriʿ and maṣdar as above. Or: he returned it [to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach].

on this sense Said of a rat or mouse, with the same muḍāriʿ and maṣdar: he cut it with his teeth, gnawed it, or ate it — a garment, or piece of cloth, bread, and the like.

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred[lit.] he cut his bond, that is, the bond of his heart, and so he died—قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ

he died—قَرَضَ

he was at the point of death—قَرِضَ

he came harassed, or distressed, or fatigued, and at the point of death—جَآءَ وَقَدْ قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ

Used alone in the same sense; the S does not explain it there.

Or: harassed, or distressed, by thirst or by fatigue; or in a state of intense thirst and hunger. Said of a man.

The S mentions it in a way that seems to show that the verb here has the first of the meanings given in this article; but that is not so, as the S itself shows in the article on ربط. See also form 7.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredI passed through, or across, the valley—قَرَضْتُ الوَادِى

and when it [the sun] set, leaving them behind on the left—وَإِذَا غَرَبَتْ تَقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ

In the Qur'ān 18:16. It means: to pass by and beyond them, leaving them on its left — so explained by AO, or by A'Obeyd; or to leave them and pass by them on the left, not falling upon them at all; or to turn aside, or away, from them, on the left; or to be over against them, on the left.

From قَرَضْتُهُ, meaning حَذَوْتُهُ, that is, I was over against him, or it; and أَقْرَضْتُهُ likewise.

I passed by it, leaving it behind, on the right, by night—قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ لَيْلًا

I was over against him, or it, on the right—قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ

I was over against him, or it, on the left—ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ

I was over against him, or it, in front—قُبُلًا

I was over against him, or it, behind—دُبُرًا

he turned aside, or away, from the place—قَرَضَ المَكَانَ

he traversed the land—قَرَضَ فِى الأَرْضِ

he turned to the right and left in his going or journeying—قَرَضَ فِى سَيْرِهِ

he, or it, passed away from one thing to another—قَرِضَ

A man says to his companion, Have you passed by such and such a place? and the man asked replies:

The muḍāriʿ and maṣdar are as above.

Like سَمِعَ.

1.3figurative · مجازhe uttered, or recited, poetry; he versified—قَرَضَ الشِّعْرَ

Muḍāriʿ and maṣdar as above. Synonym قَالَ الشِّعْرَ. Or: he composed poetry according to rule.

So called because poetry consists of cut feet; or because it is called قَرِيض, as being likened to the cud; or because it is language cut out; or as being likened to a garment, as though the poet cut it and divided it into portions. MF, however, denies that this phrase comes from قَرَضَ in the sense of 'he cut'; he has also given to قَرْضُ الشِّعْرِ a meaning that belongs to تَقْرِيضٌ.

1.4

Hence also, قَرَضَهُ is used as synonymous with قَارَضَهُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

18:17

وَتَرَى ٱلشَّمْسَ إِذَا طَلَعَت تَّزَٰوَرُ عَن كَهْفِهِمْ ذَاتَ ٱلْيَمِينِ وَإِذَا غَرَبَت تَّقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِ وَهُمْ فِى فَجْوَةٍ مِّنْهُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ ءَايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ مَن يَهْدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلْمُهْتَدِ ۖ وَمَن يُضْلِلْ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ وَلِيًّا مُّرْشِدًا

Thou wouldst have seen the sun, when it rose, declining to the right from their Cave, and when it set, turning away from them to the left, while they lay in the open space in the midst of the Cave. Such are among the Signs of Allah: He whom Allah, guides is rightly guided; but he whom Allah leaves to stray,- for him wilt thou find no protector to lead him to the Right Way.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. قَرِضَ , (S, M, A, &c.,) inf. n. قَرْضٌ , (S, M, Msb,) He cut it; (S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) namely a thing, (S, Msb,) or a garment, or piece of cloth, (A, Mgh,) with the مِقْرَاض , (A, Mgh, Msb,) and with the مِقْرَاضَانِ ; (Msb;) and in like manner, [or as signifying he cut it much, or frequently, or repeatedly,] you say, قرّضهُ , (M, TA,) inf. n. تَقْرِيضٌ : (TA:) this is the primary signification. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) said of a rat, or mouse, (A'Obeyd, S, A, Mgh, Msb,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (S, * Msb, TA,) He [cut it with his teeth; gnawed it; or] ate it; (Msb;) namely a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, TA,) and bread, &c. (TA.) You say also قَرَضَهُ بِنَابِهِ He cut it with his canine tooth, or fang. (A.) And قَرَضَ البَعِيرُ جَرَّتَهُ , (M, TA,) aor. as above, (A, TA,) and so the inf. n., (TA,) The camel chewed his cud: (M, A, TA:) or returned it [to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach]. (TA.) [Hence also,] قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ , (S, M, A, K,) [lit.] He cut, or severed, his bond, i. e. the bond of his heart; and consequently, (TA,) he died; (IAar, M, K, TA;) as also قَرَضَ alone, (S, [in which the former is not explained] O, Msb, K,) and قَرِضَ : (IAar, O, K:) or he was at the point of death. (K.) And you say, جَآءَ وَقَدْ قَرَضَ رِبَاطَهُ (AZ, Az, S, &c.) He came harassed, or distressed, or fatigued, and at the point of death: (AZ, Az:) or harassed, or distressed, by thirst, or by fatigue: (A:) or in a state of intense thirst and hunger: (M:) said of a man: (S:) mentioned in the S in such a manner as [appears] to indicate that the verb has here the first of the significations mentioned in this art.; but this is not the case [as is shown in the S itself in art. ربط ]. (TA.) See also 7. [Hence also,] قَرَضْتُ الوَادِى I passed through, or across, the valley. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur, [xviii. 16,] وَإِذَا غَرَبَتْ تَقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ And when it [the sun] set, to leave them behind on the left; to pass by and beyond them, leaving them on its left: (S, K:) so explained by AO, or by A'Obeyd: (so accord. to different copies of the S,) to leave them and pass by them on the left; not falling upon them at all: (Jel:) or to turn aside, or away, from them, on the left: (Msb:) or to be over against them, on the left: from قَرَضْتُهُ , meaning حَذَوْتُهُ , i. e. I was over against him, or it; as also أَقْرَضْتُهُ . (JK.) And a man says to his companion, Hast thou passed by such and such a place? and the man asked says قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ لَيْلًا [I passed by it, leaving it behind, on the right, by night]. (S.) The Arabs say, قَرَضْتُهُ ذَاتَ اليَمِينِ , and ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ , and قُبُلًا , and دُبُرًا , I was over against him, or it, on the right, and on the left, and before, and behind. (Fr.) You say also, قَرَضَ المَكَانَ , (M, Msb, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He turned aside, or away, from the place. (M, Msb, K.) And قَرَضَ فِى الأَرْضِ He traversed the land. (Z.) And قَرَضَ فِى سَيْرِهِ , (M, K,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (M,) He turned to the right and left in his going or journeying. (M, K.) And قَرِضَ , like سَمِعَ , He, or it, passed away from a thing to another thing. (IAar, Sgh, L, K.) Hence also, (TA,) قَرَضَ الشِّعْرَ , (S, Msb, K,) aor. as above, (S, Msb,) and so the inf. n., (S,) He said, spoke, uttered, or recited, poetry; or he poetized, or versified; syn. قَالَ الشِّعْرَ : (A'Obeyd, S, K:) or he composed poetry according to rule: (Msb:) because poetry consists of cut feet: or because it is called قَرِيض as being likened to the cud: (A:) or because it is language cut out: (Msb:) or as being likened to a garment; as though the poet cut it and divided it into portions; although MF denies that this phrase is from قَرَضَ as signifying “ he cut: ” he has also assigned to قَرْضُ الشِّعْرِ a signification which belongs to تَقْرِيضٌ , q. v. (TA.) Hence also, قَرَضَهُ as syn. with قَارَضَهُ , q. v. (TA.)

Form 2قَرَّضَ3 senses

Core sense — he cut it repeatedly; he criticized poetry; he praised, or dispraised, himgenerated

2.1

See form 1, first meaning.

2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe art of poetry—تَقْرِيضٌ

Or: the criticism of poetry — the picking out of its faults, and the distinguishing, by consideration, of what is good in it from what is bad, both expressed and speculative.

2.3figurative · مجاز — inferredsuch a one praises his companion—فُلَان يُقَرِّضُ صَاحِبَهُ

Also, like تَقْرِيظٌ: the act of praising; or of dispraising; or it carries both these opposite meanings, relating to good and to evil, whereas تقريظ relates only to praise and to good.

Or: he dispraises him.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, first signification. تَقْرِيضٌ also signifies The art of poetry: (M, TA:) or the criticism thereof; the picking out the faults thereof; and the discriminating, by consideration, of what is good thereof from what is bad, both expressed and speculative. (TA.) Also, like تَقْرِيظٌ ; The act of praising: or dispraising: (S, TA:) or it has both these contr. significations; (K, TA;) relating to good and to evil; whereas تقريظ relates only to praise and good. (TA.) You say, فُلَان يُقَرِّضُ صَاحِبَهُ Such a one praises his companion: or dispraises him. (S.)

Form 3قارضهُ3 senses · 1 main

maṣdarمُقَارَضَةٌ قَرْضٌ

Core sense — he lent to him and received a loan from him; he requited himgenerated

3.1

Maṣdar مُقَارَضَةٌ and قِرَاضٌ: [he lent to him, and received from him, a loan; or it means, or also means,] the same as أَقْرَضَهُ.

3.1.1I gave him property to traffic with—قَارَضْتُهُ

قِرَاضٌ and مُقَارَضَةٌ, with the people of El-Ḥijāz, also mean the same as مُضَارَبَةٌ, as though it were a contract for traversing the land [for traffic], from القَرْضُ فِى السَّيْرِ; or, as Z says, from القَرْضُ فِى الأَرْضِ, meaning 'the traversing of the land', just as مضاربة is from الضَّرْبُ فِى الأَرْضِ. The form of the contract is shown by the explanation that follows.

Also said as قَارَضْتُهُ مِنَ المَالِ.

that he might traffic with it—مُضَارَبَةً

The condition being that the gain should be shared between us, and that the loss should fall upon the property. See also ضَارَبَهُ.

3.1.2figurative · مجازhe requited him; he compensated him—قارضهُ

he requited him; he compensated him—قَرَضَهُ

[If you requite men their evil deeds, they will requite you; and if you leave them, they will not leave you; and if you flee from them, they will overtake you]—إِنْ قَارَضْتَ النَّاسَ قَارَضُوكَ وَإِنْ تَرَكْتَهُمْ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوكَ وَإِنْ هَرَبْتَ مِنْهُمْ أَدْرَكُوكَ

The saying of Abu-l-Wardà. It means: if you do evil to them, they will do the like to you; if you leave them, you will not be safe from them, for they will not let you alone; and if you revile them and injure them, they will revile you and injure you. He said this intending to censure them, and it comes from the sense of 'cutting'. See also قَرْضٌ below.

such a one accords, or agrees, with men—فُلَانٌ يُقَارِضُ النَّاسَ

[I interchanged visiting with him]—قَارَضْتُهُ الزِّيَارَةَ

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ and قِرَاضٌ , (M,) [He lent to him, and received from him, a loan: or it signifies, or signifies also,] i. q. أَقْرَضَهُ , q. v. (L, TA.) قِرَاضٌ (S, A, Msb, K) and مُقَارَضَةٌ , (S, A, K,) with the people of El-Hijáz, (TA,) also signify i. q. مُضَارَبَةٌ ; (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K;) as though it were a contract for traversing the land [for traffic], (K,) from القَرْضُ فِى السَّيْرِ , or, as Z says, from القَرْضُ فِى الأَرْضِ , meaning “ the traversing the land, ” like as مضاربة is from الضَّرْبُ فِى الأَرْضِ ; (TA;) and the form of the contract is what is shown by the following explanation. (K.) You say, قَارَضْتُهُ , (S, A, Mgh,) or قَارَضْتُهُ مِنَ المَالِ , (Msb,) I gave to him property (S, A, Mgh, K *) مُضَارَبَةً , (A, Mgh,) [i. e.] that he might traffic with it, on the condition that the gain should be between us, and the loss should fall upon the property. (S, K. [See also ضَارَبَهُ .]) قارضهُ , (S, K,) inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ , (TA,) also signifies He requited him; he compensated him; (S, K;) and so قَرَضَهُ , (S, K,) inf. n. قَرْضٌ . (TA.) Hence the saying of Abu-l-Wardà, (TA,) إِنْ قَارَضْتَ النَّاسَ قَارَضُوكَ وَإِنْ تَرَكْتَهُمْ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوكَ وَإِنْ هَرَبْتَ مِنْهُمْ أَدْرَكُوكَ (A, * TA) [If thou requite men their evil deeds, they will requite thee; and if thou leave them, they will not leave thee; and if thou flee from them, they will overtake thee]: meaning if thou do evil to them, they will do the like thereof to thee; and if thou leave them, thou wilt not be safe from them, for they will not let thee alone; and if thou revile them and injure them, they will revile thee and injure thee: he said this intending thereby to censure them: and it is from the signification of “ cutting. ” (TA.) [See also قَرْضٌ , below.] You say also, فُلَانٌ يُقَارِضُ النَّاسَ , inf. n. مُقَارَضَةٌ , Such a one accords, or agrees, with men. (A.) And قَارَضْتُهُ الزِّيَارَةَ [I interchanged visiting with him]. (A.)

Form 4اقرضهُ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he lent him property, or gave him something for which to be requitedgenerated

4.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe lent him the property—اقرضهُ المَالَ

He cut off for him a portion, to be requited, or compensated, for it.

And hence: he gave him, or granted him, a قَرْض [or loan, or the like]; and قَارَضَهُ means the same as اقرضهُ.

Also said as وَغَيْرَهُ. He gave him the property, and the like, as a قَرْض; he gave him the property to demand its return.

[lit. and lend to God a good loan]—وَأَقْرِضُوا ٱللّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا

In the Qur'ān 73:20; meaning: give to God good service for which to be requited. It does not say إِقْرَاضًا here, because the simple noun, as distinguished from the maṣdar, is what is meant.

[Who is he who will offer to God] a good action or gift, or anything for which a requital may be sought?—مَنْ ذَا ٱلَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ٱللّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا

you have done me a good deed [which I am bound to requite]—قَدْ أَقْرَضْتَنِى قَرْضًا حَسَنًا

[Lend your honour for the day of your poverty]—أَقْرِضٌ عِرْضَكَ لِيَوْمِ فَقْرِكَ

In the Qur'ān 2:246 and 57:11. So Aboo-Is-hāq the Grammarian; or, as Akh says: Who will do a good action by following and obeying the command of God?

The Arabs say this.

From a tradition; meaning: when a man defames you, do not requite him, but keep his recompense undiminished for you, as a loan for the payment of which he is responsible, so that you may receive it from him on the day when you need it. But see عِرْضٌ.

4.1.1he gave, or paid, to me the thing—أَقْرَضَنِى الشَّىْءَ

4.2figurative · مجاز — inferred[There is not upon him what will turn the eyes aside, or away, from him, and cover him]—مَا عَلَيْهِ مَا يُقْرِضُ عَنْهُ العُيُونَ فَيَسْتُرُهُ

Ibn-ʿAbbād.

4.3

See also form 1, latter half.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4 4 shown of 6

2:245

مَّن ذَا ٱلَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَـٰعِفَهُۥ لَهُۥٓ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً ۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَقْبِضُ وَيَبْصُۜطُ وَإِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ

Who is he that will loan to Allah a beautiful loan, which Allah will double unto his credit and multiply many times? It is Allah that giveth (you) Want or plenty, and to Him shall be your return.

57:11

مَّن ذَا ٱلَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَـٰعِفَهُۥ لَهُۥ وَلَهُۥٓ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

Who is he that will Loan to Allah a beautiful loan? for (Allah) will increase it manifold to his credit, and he will have (besides) a liberal Reward.

57:18

إِنَّ ٱلْمُصَّدِّقِينَ وَٱلْمُصَّدِّقَـٰتِ وَأَقْرَضُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَـٰعَفُ لَهُمْ وَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

For those who give in Charity, men and women, and loan to Allah a Beautiful Loan, it shall be increased manifold (to their credit), and they shall have (besides) a liberal reward.

64:17

إِن تُقْرِضُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَـٰعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ شَكُورٌ حَلِيمٌ

If ye loan to Allah, a beautiful loan, He will double it to your (credit), and He will grant you Forgiveness: for Allah is most Ready to appreciate (service), Most Forbearing,-

Show Lane's original text

He cut off for him a portion, to be requited, or compensated, for it. (Sgh, K.) [And hence,] He gave him, or granted him, a قَرْض [or loan, or the like]; (S, M, A, * Mgh, * K;) and قَارَضَهُ signifies the same as اقرضهُ . (L, TA.) You say also, اقرضهُ المَالَ , (M, Msb,) وَغَيْرَهُ , (M,) [He lent him the property, &c.;] he gave him the property, &c., as a قَرْض ; (M;) he gave him the property, [&c.,] to demand its return. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur, [lxxiii. 20,] وَأَقْرِضُوا ٱللّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا [lit. And lend ye to God a good loan; meaning give ye to God good service for which to be requited]: (S, TA:) it is not here said إِقْرَاضًا because the simple subst. [as distinguished from the inf. n.] is what is meant. (TA.) And again, in the same, [ii. 246, and lvii. 11,] مَنْ ذَا ٱلَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ٱللّٰهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا , meaning, accord. to Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, [Who is he who will offer unto God] a good action or gift, or anything for which a requital may be sought? or, as Akh says, Who will do a good action by following and obeying the command of God? (TA.) The Arabs say, قَدْ أَقْرَضْتَنِى قَرْضًا حَسَنًا Thou hast done to me a good deed [which I am bound to requite]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad., أَقْرِضٌ عِرْضَكَ لِيَوْمِ فَقْرِكَ [Lend thou thine honour for the day of thy poverty]; meaning, when a man defames thee, do not thou requite him, but reserve his recompense undiminished for thee, as a loan for the payment of which he is responsible, that thou mayest receive it from him in the day of thy need thereof: (TA:) [but see عِرْضٌ .] [And hence,] أَقْرَضَنِى الشَّىْءَ He gave, or paid, to me the thing. (M.) مَا عَلَيْهِ مَا يُقْرِضُ عَنْهُ العُيُونَ فَيَسْتُرُهُ [There is not upon him what will turn aside, or away, from him the eyes, and cover him]. (Ibn- 'Abbád, Sgh.) See alse 1, latter half.

Form 6تَقَاْرَضَ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — they lent to one another; they praised one another; they interchanged visitinggenerated

6.1They lent and received loans, each to and from the other—تَقَارَضَا

6.2figurative · مجاز[They two interchanged good and evil, each with the other]—هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ الخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ

Also يتقارظان, but see that in its own place.

they praise each other—هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ المَدْحَ

Also said as الثَّنَآءَ, or الثَّنَآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ, or بَيْنَهُمَا — in the M, هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الثَّنَآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ. Also يتقارظان, or: they requite, or compensate, each other with praise.

the two opponents look askance at each other in anger—القِرْنَانِ يَتَقَارَضَانِ النَّظَرَ

they look at one another with enmity and violent hatred—يَتَقَارَضُونَ نَظَرًا

[They interchange visiting]—هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الزِّيَارَةَ

El-Kumeyt says:

shāhid

يَتَقَارَضُ الحَسَنَ الجَمِيلَ مِنَ التَّأَلُّفِ وَالتَّزَاوُرْ

meaning: interchanging what is good and comely, of sociable conduct and mutual visiting.

6.2.1yes, and they used to recite poetry [one to another]—نَعَمْ وَيَتَقَارَضُونَ

El-Ḥasan El-Baṣree, asked whether the companions of the Apostle of God used to jest or joke, answered this.

From قَرِيضٌ in the sense of 'poetry'.

Show Lane's original text

[ تَقَارَضَا They lent and received loans, each to and from the other.] [And hence,] هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ الخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ [They two interchanged good and evil, each with the other]; (IKh, S, K;) as also يتقارظان : (IKh:) [but see the latter in its proper place.] And هُمَا يَتَقَارَضَانِ المَدْحَ , (AZ,) or الثَّنَآءَ , (A, Msb,) or الثَّنَآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ , (TA,) [or بَيْنَهُمَا , (in the M, هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الثَّنَآءَ بَيْنَهُمْ ,)] They praise each other; (AZ, Msb;) as also يتقارظان : (AZ:) or they requite, or compensate, each other with praise. (TA.) And القِرْنَانِ يَتَقَارَضَانِ النَّظَرَ The two opponents, or adversaries, look askance, with anger, each at the other: (S, K:) and يَتَقَارَضُونَ نَظَرًا They look with enmity and vehement hatred, one at another. (TA.) And هُمْ يَتَقَارَضُونَ الزِّيَارَةَ [They interchange visiting]. (A.) El-Kumeyt, says, 1 meaning, Interchanging what is good and comely, of sociable conduct and mutual visiting. (O.) يَتَقَارَضُ الحَسَنَ الجَمِيلَ مِنَ التَّأَلُّفِ وَالتَّزَاوُرْ El-Hasan El-Basree, being asked whether the companions of the Apostle of God used to jest, or joke, answered, (TA,) نَعَمْ وَيَتَقَارَضُونَ , (K, * TA,) i. e. Yes, and they used to recite poetry [one to another]: (TA:) from قَرِيضٌ as signifying “ poetry. ” (K.)

Form 7انقرضوا1 sense

Core sense — they passed away, they perished, all of themgenerated

7.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthey passed away, or perished, all of them—قُرِضُوا

They passed away, or perished, [as though cut off,] all of them, with not one of them remaining.

Perhaps a mistake for قَرِضُوا; see form 1.

Show Lane's original text

They passed away, or perished, [as though cut off,] (S, K,) all of them, (K,) not one of them remaining; (S;) as also قُرِضُوا [perhaps a mistake for قَرِضُوا : see 1]. (TA.)

Form 8اقترض2 senses

Core sense — he received a loan; he defamed him behind his backgenerated

8.1

He received from him what is called قَرْض [a loan, or the like]; the same as اِسْتَلَفَ مِنْهُ.

8.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe defamed him, or spoke evil of him, behind his back or otherwise—اقترض عِرْضَهُ

Synonym اِغْتَابَهُ; as though he cut something off from his honour.

Show Lane's original text

He received what is termed قَرْض [a loan, or the like], (S, Msb, K,) i. q. اِسْتَلَفَ ; (A;) مِنْهُ from him. (S, A, K.) اقترض عِرْضَهُ He defamed him, or spoke evil of him, behind his back or in his absence, or otherwise; syn. اِغْتَابَهُ : (K:) as though he cut off [somewhat] from his honour. (TA.)

Form 10استقرض مِنْ فُلَانٍ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he asked such a one for a loangenerated

10.1

Or استقرضهُ: he sought, or asked, of such a one what is called قَرْض [a loan, or the like].

10.1.1I asked him for the gift, or payment in advance, of the thing—اِسْتَقْرَضْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Msb, *) or استقرضهُ , (A, Mgh,) He sought, or demanded, of such a one what is termed قَرْض [a loan, or the like]. (S, A, * Mgh, * Msb.) [And hence,] اِسْتَقْرَضْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ I sought, or demanded, of him the gift, or payment [in advance], of the thing. (M.)

Derived nouns 9

Nounقَرْضٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a loan; property given to be received back; a deed done to be requitedgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe owes a loan—عَلَيْهِ قَرْضٌ

And قِرْضٌ. According to Th the first is a maṣdar and the second a simple noun, though ISd says this does not please him; or the first is a maṣdar used as a noun; or it is a noun from أَقْرَضْتُهُ المَالَ.

A loan, and the like: a piece of property which a man cuts off from his other articles of property, and which he himself receives back; but what is due to the one from the other as a debt is not so called. [In rendering the explanation in the Mgh, for the words فَيُعْطِيه عينًا in my copy of that work I read فَيُقْضَاهُ عَيْنًا, which makes this agree with explanations given in other works.] See دَيْنٌ.

Or: what one gives to another, of property, to receive it back, or to demand it back; or a thing that one gives to be requited for it, or to receive it back; or a thing of which men demand the payment, or restitution, one of another; or a thing which a man gives, or does, to be requited for it — Aboo-Is-hāq the Grammarian.

Plural قُرُوضٌ.

loans—قُرُوضٌ

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredyou have done me a good deed [which I am bound to requite]—قَدْ أَحْسَنْتَ قَرْضِى

The Arabs also say this.

I owe you a good deed—لَكَ عِنْدِى قَرْضٌ حَسَنٌ

Aboo-Is-hāq the Grammarian.

I owe you an evil deed—قَرْضٌ سَيِّئٌ

on this sense Hence: what one does in order to be requited for it, whether of good or of evil. See three examples above, under form 4.

Qur’ānic occurrences قَرْض 2 shown of 6

57:11

مَّن ذَا ٱلَّذِى يُقْرِضُ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَـٰعِفَهُۥ لَهُۥ وَلَهُۥٓ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

Who is he that will Loan to Allah a beautiful loan? for (Allah) will increase it manifold to his credit, and he will have (besides) a liberal Reward.

64:17

إِن تُقْرِضُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا يُضَـٰعِفْهُ لَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ شَكُورٌ حَلِيمٌ

If ye loan to Allah, a beautiful loan, He will double it to your (credit), and He will grant you Forgiveness: for Allah is most Ready to appreciate (service), Most Forbearing,-

Show Lane's original text

(S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K) and قِرْضٌ ; (Ks, S, M, K;) or, accord. to Th, the former is an inf. n., and the latter a simple subst., but this [says ISd] does not please me; (M;) or the former is an inf. n. used as a subst.; (Mgh;) or a subst. from أَقْرَضْتُهُ المَالَ ; (Msb;) [A loan: and the like:] a piece of property which a man cuts off from his [other] articles of property, and which, itself, he receives back; [in rendering the explanation in the Mgh, for the words فَيُعْطِيه عينًا in my copy of that work; I read فَيُقْضَاهُ عَيْنًا , which makes this agreeable with explanations given in other works;] but what is due to the one from the other as a debt is not so called; (Mgh, [see دَيْنٌ ;]) what one gives, (S, Msb, K,) to another, (Msb,) of property, (S, Msb,) to receive it back, (S, K,) or to demand it back: (Msb:) or a thing that one gives to be requited for it, or to receive it back: (TA in art. فرض :) or a thing of which men demand the payment [or restitution], one of another: (M, L:) or a thing which a man gives, or does, to be requited for it: (Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, and TA:) pl. قُرُوضٌ . (M, Msb.) You say, عَلَيْهِ قَرْضٌ [He owes a loan], and قُرُوضٌ [loans]. (A.) Hence, (S, TA,) What one does, in order to be requited it, of good, and of evil. (S, K, TA.) See three exs. above, under 4. The Arabs also say, قَدْ أَحْسَنْتَ قَرْضِى , meaning Thou hast done to me a good deed [which I am bound to requite]. (TA.) And لَكَ عِنْدِى قَرْضٌ حَسَنٌ , and قَرْضٌ سَيِّئٌ I owe thee a good deed, and an evil deed. (Aboo-Is-hák the Grammarian, and TA.)

Nounقِرْضٌ1 sense

Core sense — a loan, or the likegenerated

See قَرْضٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see قَرْضٌ .

Nounقَرِيضٌ3 senses

Core sense — the cud, what a camel chews again; poetry; the voice of a dying mangenerated

The cud; or what the camel returns [to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach] of his cud. Also مَقْرُوضٌ.

Or it is applied to the cud of the camel, and means chewed. Or, according to Kr, this is فَرِيضٌ, with ف.

Hence, according to some, the saying حَالَ الجَرِيضُ دُونَ القَرِيضِ, explained in the article on جرض; but according to others the last word in that saying means poetry, as given below.

The sound, or voice, of a man in dying. Er-Riyāshee, in the TA, in the article on جرض.

3figurative · مجاز

Poetry: so called for one or another of the reasons given under form 1.

Of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ.

El-Aghlab El-ʿIjlee distinguishes between it and رَجَز.

Show Lane's original text

The cud: (Lth, A:) or what the camel returns [to his mouth, to be chewed again, or to his stomach,] of his cud; (S, K;) as also مَقْرُوضٌ : (S:) or it is applied to the cud ( جِرَّة ) of the camel, and signifies chewed: or, accord. to Kr, this is فَرِيضٌ , with ف . (M.) And hence, accord. to some, the saying حَالَ الجَرِيضُ دُونَ القَرِيضِ [explained in art. جرض ]: but accord. to others, the last word in this saying has the signification next but one following. (S.) The sound, or voice, of a man in dying. (Er-Riyáshee, in TA, art. جرض .) Poetry: (S, M, A, Msb, K:) so called for one or another of the reasons mentioned under 1, last sentence but one; (A, Msb, TA;) of the measure فَعِيلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ : (Msb:) El-Aghlab El-'Ijlee distinguishes between it and رَجَز . (IB.)

Nounقُرَاضَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — cuttings, clippings; the refuse, what is of no account, of propertygenerated

Cuttings, clippings, and the like: what falls off by the action called القَرْض — as of gold, and of silver, and of a garment or piece of cloth that a tailor cuts with his shears, and of cloth, and of bread and the like, by the gnawing of a rat or mouse.

Plural قُرَاضَاتٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe took the thing, or affair, in its fresh state—أَخَذَ الأَمْرَ بِقُرَاضَتِهِ

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred[The refuse, or] what is bad, vile, paltry, or of no account, of property—قُرَاضَةُ المَالِ

1.3

قُرَاضَةٌ also relates to an evil action, and an evil saying, which one man directs against another. [What is meant by this is not clear to me.]

Show Lane's original text

[Cuttings; clippings; and the like;] what falls by the action termed القَرْض ; (S, A, * Mgh, * K;) as, for instance, of gold, (S, TA,) and of silver; and of a garment, or piece of cloth, which a tailor cuts with his shears; (TA;) and of this last, and of bread, (JK, TA,) &c., (TA,) by the gnawing ( قَرْض ) of a rat, or mouse: (JK, A, Mgh, TA:) pl. قُرَاضَاتٌ . (TA.) [Hence,] أَخَذَ الأَمْرَ بِقُرَاضَتِهِ He took the thing, or affair, in its fresh state. (M, L.) [Hence also,] قُرَاضَةُ المَالِ [The refuse, or] what is bad, vile, paltry, or of no account, of property. (TA.) قُرَاضَةٌ also relates to an evil action, and an evil saying, which one man directs against another. (TA.) [What is meant by this is not clear to me.]

Nounقَرَّاضَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a creeping insect that eats wool; a man who defames othersgenerated

A certain creeping insect that eats wool.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence, apparently: a man who defames others, or speaks evil of them, behind their backs or otherwise; synonym مُغْتَابٌ لِلنَّاسِ.

Show Lane's original text

A certain creeping insect ( دُوَيْبَّة ) that eats wool. (TA.) [And hence, app.,] A man who defames others, or speaks evil of them, behind their backs, or otherwise; syn. مُغْتَابٌ لِلنَّاسِ . (TA.)

Nounاِبْنُ مِقْرَضٍ1 sense

Core sense — a species of weasel, a small beast that kills pigeonsgenerated

In one copy of the S, ابن مُقْرِضٍ, and in another, ابن مُقَرَّضٍ; like مِقْوَد.

A species of weasel; a certain small beast, called in Persian دَلَهٌ or دَلَّهٌ, from which comes the arabicized word دَلَقٌ. It kills pigeons, seizing them by the throat, and is a species of rat: the long-backed quadruped that kills pigeons.

This last explanation is given by the author of the Bāriʿ, after saying that it is a small beast, like the cat, which lives in houses and, when angry, gnaws clothes.

According to some, the same as النِّمْسُ.

Plural بَنَاتُ مِقْرَضٍ.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, M, A, Msb,) [in one copy of the S, ابن مُقْرِضٍ , and in another, ابن مُقَرَّضٍ ,] like مِقْوَد , (Msb,) [A species of weasel;] a certain small beast ( دُوَيْبَّة ), (S, M, Msb,) called in Persian دَلَهٌ , (S, Msb,) or دَلَّهٌ , (as in one copy of the S,) whence the arabicized word دَلَقٌ , (Msb,) which kills pigeons, (S, M, A,) seizing upon their throats, and it is a species of rat; (A;) the longbacked quadruped that kills pigeons: (Lth, O, Msb:) this last explanation is given by the author of the Bári', after saying that it is a small beast ( دويبّة ), like the cat, which is in houses, and, when angry, gnaws clothes: (Msb:) accord. to some, i. q. النِّمْسُ [q. v.]: (Msb:) pl. بَنَاتُ مِقْرَضٍ . (A, (Msb.)

Nounمُقَرِّضَاتُ الأَسَاقِى1 sense

Core sense — small creeping things that make holes in water-skinsgenerated

A kind of small creeping thing which makes holes in, and cuts, skins used for water or milk.

Show Lane's original text

A [kind of] small creeping thing ( دُوَيْبَّة ), which makes holes in, and cuts, skins used for water or milk. (M.)

Nounمِقْرَاضٌ1 sense

Core sense — a single blade of a pair of shears; a pair of shears, scissorsgenerated

1figurative · مجاز[The tongue of such a one is the detractor of reputations]—لِسَانُ فُلَانِ مِقْرَاضُ الأَعْرَاضِ

It is the singular of مَقَارِيضُ, and a pair of them is called مِقْرَاضَانِ. The مِقْرَاض is [a single blade of a pair of shears or scissors;] a thing with which one shears, clips, or cuts.

When you speak of the two together, you do not say مِقْرَاضٌ, as the common people do, but مِقْرَاضَانِ, which is the same as جَلَمَانِ [a pair of shears] — a word which the lexicologists say has no singular, though Sb mentions مِقْرَاضٌ, thus using the singular form.

Or مِقْرَاضٌ and مِقْرَاضَانِ mean the same [a pair of shears], like جلَمٌ and جَلَمَانِ, and قَلَمٌ and قَلَمَانِ — so in the Msb, in the article on جلم.

Or مِقْرَاضٌ means جَلَمٌ صَغِيرٌ [a small pair of shears, that is, a pair of scissors].

ʿAdee Ibn-Zeyd uses the expression شَفْرَتَا مِقْرَاضٍ [the two blades of a pair of shears or scissors] in a poem; other poets use the singular, مقراض and مِفْرَاصٌ, with ف; and ص means the same.

Hence the saying:

Show Lane's original text

is the sing. of مَقَارِيضُ ; (S, Msb, K;) and a pair thereof is called مِقْرَاضَانِ : (Msb, K:) the مِقْرَاض is [A single blade of a pair of shears or scissors;] a thing with which one [shears, or clips, or] cuts; and when you speak of the two together, you do not say مِقْرَاضٌ , as the vulgar say, but مِقْرَاضَانِ ; (Msb;) which last is syn. with جَلَمَانِ [a pair of shears]; a word, accord. to the lexicologists having no sing.; but Sb mentions مِقْرَاضٌ , thus using the sing. form: (M:) or مِقْرَاضٌ and مِقْرَاضَانِ signify the same; [a pair of shears;] like جلَمٌ and جَلَمَانِ , and قَلَمٌ and قَلَمَانِ : (Msb in art. جلم :) or مِقْرَاضٌ signifies جَلَمٌ صَغِيرٌ [a small pair of shears; i. e. a pair of scissors]: (JK:) 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd uses the expression شَفْرَتَا مِقْرَاضٍ [the two blades of a pair of shears or scissors] in a poem; (IB;) and other poets use the sing., مقراض : (TA:) and مِفْرَاصٌ , with ف and ص , signifies the same. (IB.) Hence the saying, لِسَانُ فُلَانِ مِقْرَاضُ الأَعْرَاضِ [The tongue of such a one is the detractor of reputations]. (TA.)

Nounمَقْرُوضٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — cut, gnawedgenerated

Ism mafʿūl of قَرَضَهُ.

1.1

See قَرِيضٌ.

Show Lane's original text

pass. part. n. of قَرَضَهُ . See قَرِيضٌ .