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فوق

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Form 1فَاقَهُمْ8 senses · 5 main
maṣdarفَوْقٌ فُوَاقٌ فُوُوقٌ فوقmuḍāriʿيَفُوقُهُمْ يَفُوقُ يَفُوقٌ

Core sense — he was above them, he surpassed them; he hiccoughed; he broke an arrow's notchgenerated

1.1I became better than such a one, and higher and more eminent—فُقْتُ فُلَانًا

Derived from فَوْق as meaning the opposite of تَحْت.

maṣdar فَوْقٌ, فَوَاقٌ and فَوْقَانٌ.

As though he were above him in station.

the young woman excelled in beauty, or comeliness—فَاقَتِ الجَارِيَةُ بِالجَمَالِ
comeliness has been made lovely to me, so that I do not like anyone to surpass me even in the thong of a sandal—حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ الجَمَالُ حَتَّى مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفُوفَنِى أَحَدٌ بِشِرَاكِ نَعْلٍ

From a report.

on this sense He (a man) was, or became, above them, or superior to them; he excelled or surpassed them, namely his companions or others, in eminence, dignity or nobility; and he overcame them, including in an argument.

1.2the wind rose from his chest, said of a man—فاق

.

[That is, he hiccoughed; a meaning shown by the statement that] فُوَاقٌ means the repeating of an overpowering, involuntary sobbing sound.

فُوَاقٌ, as a noun, also means the wind itself that rises from a man's chest.

1.2.1he was affected, or taken, with panting, or with short uninterrupted breathing—فاق

According to Az.; maṣdar فُوَاقٌ and فُؤُوقٌ.

1.2.2his spirit was about to pass out; or he gave up his spirit, said of a man—فاق بِنَفْسِهِ

[or فُؤُوقٌ and فُوَاقٌ].

he gave up his spirit; or he died—فاق

Muḍāriʿ يفيق.

Or فُوَاقٌ [is apparently held by some to be a simple noun, and] according to IAar means death itself; or it means a gasping, or short catching of the breath, that comes upon a man at the point of death.

Of the man one says فاق [apparently فَوَقٌ], the verb being of the class of طَلَبَ, whose most commonly used maṣdar is طَلَبَ. Or, if the statement that the verb is of the class of طَلَبَ is not meant to show the form of its maṣdar as well as that of its may be a mistranscription for فُؤُوقٌ or فُؤُوقٌ.

1.3she (a camel) had milk in her udder that had collected between two milkings—فاقت

Muḍāriʿ تَفُوقُ. The milk in question is the فِيقَة.

she (a camel) reached the time for being milked—أَفَاقَتْ

This second verb may mean the same as the first, or this. The maṣdar is إِفَاقَةٌ and the quasi-.

Or إِفَاقَةٌ, said of a she-camel, means her being driven, or led, back from the pasturing and left until she rests and recovers [her milk]. (ISb)

Zeyd Ibn-Kethweh: إِفَاقَةٌ الدِّرَّةِ means the returning of the milk.

[See also فُوَاقٌ below.]

1.4a bending, or a breaking, in the notch of an arrow, or in one of the two cusps of the notch—فَوْقٌ

The notch is the فِى الفَوقِ.

said of an arrow: it had a bend, or a break, in its notch—فاق

Muḍāriʿ يَفَاقُ; maṣdar فَاقٌ and فَوْقٌ, in which the و is then given fet-h [so that the word becomes فَوقٌ], because this verb is of the class of فَعِلَ, muḍāriʿ يَفْعَلُ.

its notch broke, said of an arrow—فَوِقَ

[Muḍāriʿ يَفْوَقُ]; maṣdar فَوَقٌ.

said of an arrow: its notch broke; or its notch became much broken, split, or cracked—انفاق
1.4.1I broke the notch of the arrow—فُقْتُ السّهْم

.

he broke the thing—فاق الشَّىْءَ

.

1.5

فاق in the sense of افتاق [from فَاقَةٌ] is not allowable.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) derived from فَوْق as signifying the contr. of تَحْت , Mgh.) aor. يَفُوقُهُمْ , (S, O.) inf. n. فَوْقٌ (O, K) and فَوَاقٌ (K) and فَوْقَانٌ , (CK.) He (a man, S, O, Msb) was, or became, above them, or superior to them, or excelled them, or surpassed them, (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) namely, his companions, (S, O, Msb, K,) or others (Mgh) in eminence, or dignity, or nobility. (S, O, K;) and he overcame them; (Msb, TA:) and did so in, or by, an argument فُقْتُ فُلَانًا I became better than such a one, and higher, and more eminent or noble; as though above him in station.(TA.) And فَاقَتِ الجَارِيَةُ بِالجَمَالِ The young woman excelled in beauty, or comliness]. (Msb.) It is said in a trad., حُبِّبَ إِلَىَّ الجَمَالُ حَتَّى مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَفُوفَنِى أَحَدٌ بِشِرَاكِ نَعْلٍ [Comeliness has been made lovely to me so that I love not that any one should excel me in the thong of a sandal] (TA.) فاق , (S, O, K,) aor. يَفُوقُ , (O,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ , (S, O, K,) said of a man, (S,) means that The wind rose from his chest; (S, O, K;) [i. e. he hiccoughed, or hickuped; a signification indicated by its being said that] فُوَاقٌ means the reiterating of an overpowering [or involuntary] sobbing sound: (Msb, TA:) and فُوَاقٌ [as a subst.] signifies also the wind [itself] that rises from the chest (S, O, K) of a man. (S, O) And, accord. to Az, (Msb,) فاق , (Msb, TA,) aor. يَفُوقُ . (Msb,) inf. n. فُوَاقٌ (Msb, TA) and فُؤُوقٌ , (TA.) He was affected, or taken with a panting, or breathing [shortly, or] uninterruptedly. (Msb, TA.) And فاق بِنَفْسِهِ , (S, * O, K,) aor. يَفُوقٌ , (S, O,) inf. n. فُوُوقٌ [or فُؤُوقٌ (S, O, K) and فُوَاقٌ . (K,) said of a man, (S.) His spirit was about to pass forth: (S, O, K:) or he gave up his spirit. (S, * O, * K:) as also فاق [alone] aor. يفيق (IAar, O and K in art. فيق :) or he died. (K;) or فُوَاقٌ [is app. held by some to be a simple subst., and] accord. to IAar signifies death itself: (TA:) or it signifies, (S, O, Msb,) or signifies also, (K.) an affection [i. e. a gasping, or show catching of the breath,] incident to a man at the point of death: (S, O, Msb, K:) and one says [of the man], فاق , aor. يَفُوقُ , inf. n. فوق [app. فَوَقٌ ]; the verb being of the class of طَلَبَ of which the inf. n. most commonly used is طَلَبَ ; or, if the saying that the verb is of the class of طَلَبَ be not meant to indicate the form of its inf. n. as well as that of its aor., فوق may be a mistranscription for فُؤُوقٌ or فُؤُوقٌ ] (Msb.) فاقت , (O, K,) aor. تَفُوقُ , inf. n. فُوَاقٌ , (TA.) She (a camel) had in her udder the فِيقَة , or milk that had collected between two milkings. (O, K, TA;) and (K) so أَفَاقَتْ (S, O, K) or the latter verb signifies she (a camel) attained to the time for the being milked: and the inf. n. is إِفَاقَةٌ and quasi-inf. n.] فُوَاقٌ : (IAar, TA:) or إِفَاقَةٌ in relation to the she-camel means her being driven, or led back from the pasturing, and left until she rests, and recovers [her milk]. (ISb, TA:) and إِفَاقَةٌ الدِّرَّةِ signifies the returning of the milk. Zeyd Ibn-Kethweh, TA.) [See also فُوَاقٌ , below.] فَوْقٌ signifies A bending, or [thus in the TA is from the K, but in copies of the K "and,"] a breaking. (K, TA,) in the notch ( فِى الفَوقِ ) (K,) or in one of the two cusps of the notch, (TA.) of an arrow: (K, TA:) or its verb said of an arrow, is فاق , aor. يَفَاقُ , inf. n. فَاقٌ and فَوْقٌ , in which the و is then made movent with fet-h. [so that the word becomes فَوقٌ ,] because this verb is of the class of فَعِلَ , aor. يَفْعَلُ : (K, TA.) or one says of an arrow فَوِقَ , [aor يَفْوَقُ ,] inf. n. فَوَقٌ , meaning its notch broke: (Msb;) and انفاق said of an arrow signifies thus; (S, Msb;) or its notch became much broken. (O, K, TA;) or became split, or cracked. (TA.) And فُقْتُ السّهْم , (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. فَوْقٌ , (Msb,) I broke the notch of the arrow. (S, O, Msb, K.) And فاق الشَّىْءَ , aor. يَفُوقُ , He broke the thing. (TA.) فاق in the sense of افتاق [from فَاقَةٌ ] is not allowable. (S, O.)
Form 2فوّقهُ7 senses · 3 main
maṣdarتَفْوِيقٌ

Core sense — he judged him to excel; he gave milk little by little; he notched an arrowgenerated

2.1

He made him, or judged him, to excel, or to have excelled..

2.2he gave the young unweaned camel to drink, time after time—فوّق الفَصِيلَ

Said of the pastor: he gave it the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings. Maṣdar as above. [See فُوَاقٌ.]

2.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe made me obtain what I wished for again and again, and nourished me with his repeated bounty—فَوَّقَنِى الأَمَانِىَّ وَأَرْضَعَنِى أَفَاوِيقَ بِرِّهِ
the sons of Umeiyeh give me the property little by little—إِنَّ بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ لَيُفَوِّقُونَنِى تُرَاثَ مُحَمَّدٍ

From a report of 'Alee; the property meant is the heritage of Mohammad.

2.2.2

See also form 10.

2.3he made a notch in the arrow for the bow-string—فوّق السَّهْمَ

Maṣdar as above. The notch is the فُوق.

2.3.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe slit the vulva of the woman—فوّق المَرْأَةَ

Mentioned in art. سوس.

2.3.2

See also the next paragraph, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ , He made him, or judged him, to excel, or to have excelled. (TA.) فوّق الفَصِيلَ , (S, O, K,) inf. n. as above, said of the pastor, (TA,) He gave to the young unweaned camel to drink the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K, TA. [See فُوَاقٌ .]) And [hence] one says, فَوَّقَنِى الأَمَانِىَّ وَأَرْضَعَنِى أَفَاوِيقَ بِرِّهِ [He made me to obtain on repeated occasions the things wished for, and nourished me with the recurrent supplies of his bounty]. (TA.) And it is said in a trad. of 'Alee, إِنَّ بَنِى أُمَيَّةَ لَيُفَوِّقُونَنِى تُرَاثَ مُحَمَّدٍ , meaning [Verily the sons of Umeiyeh] give to me by little and little of the property [constituting the heritage of Mohammad]. (TA.) See also 10. فوّق السَّهْمَ , (inf. n. as above, Msb,) He made to the arrow a فُوق [i. e. notch for the bow-string]. (S, O, Msb, K.) And [hence,] فوّق المَرْأَةَ He slit the vulva of the woman. (TA in art. سوس .) See also the next paragraph, last sentence.
Form 4إِفَاقَةٌ5 senses · 2 main
maṣdarإِفَاقَهُ إِفَاقَةٌ

Core sense — a resting; a returning to a healthy state; a putting an arrow's notch on the bow-stringgenerated

4.1

Some say it means a resting, from فُوَاقٌ, which means a resting between two milkings. The K wrongly gives both this latter meaning and the former to the former word.

4.1.1said of a she-camel: she had in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings—أَفَاقَتْ

This means the same as فَاقَتْ, explained above: see form 1, later part.

4.1.2he returned to a healthy, or sound, state—افاق مِنْ مَرَضِهِ

مِنْ سُكْرِهِ and مِنْ غَشْيَتِهِ, maṣdar إِفَاقَهُ and استفاق, both mean the same [of body and of mind, from his disease, from his intoxication, and from his fainting fit].

said of a diseased man: he became convalescent; he recovered his health and strength, but not completely—افاق

Of the diseased one also says استفاق; and the noun is فُوَاقٌ.

said of the insane, or possessed: he recovered his intelligence—افاق

.

said of the intoxicated likewise: he recovered—افاق

Originally افاق مِنْ سُكْرِهِ, as one says اِسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ.

[It is said that] الاِسْتِفَاقَةُ, as a synonym of الإِفَاقَةُ, is derived from فَوْق, meaning the opposite of تَحْت, as تَعَلَّى مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and تَمَاثَلَ are from العُلُوُّ and المُثُولُ. But according to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, استفاق means he sought, or desired, الإِفَاقَة.

4.1.3figurative · مجازthe time became abundant in herbage after barrenness or drought—افاق الزَّمَانُ
4.2I put the notch of the arrow on the bow-string, to shoot with it—أَفَقْتُ السَّهْمَ

. The notch is the فُوق.

أَوْفَقْتُهُ is used in the same sense; but أَفْوَقْتُهُ is irregular and should not be said. Or, according to Yoo, أَفْوَقْتُهُ is also said.

he put the bow-string into the notch of the arrow when shooting—فوّق السَّهْمَ

According to the A.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
7:143
وَلَمَّا جَآءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَـٰتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِىٓ أَنظُرْ إِلَيْكَ ۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَىٰنِى وَلَـٰكِنِ ٱنظُرْ إِلَى ٱلْجَبَلِ فَإِنِ ٱسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُۥ فَسَوْفَ تَرَىٰنِى ۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلْجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكًّا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقًا ۚ فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبْحَـٰنَكَ تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

When Moses came to the place appointed by Us, and his Lord addressed him, He said: "O my Lord! show (Thyself) to me, that I may look upon thee." Allah said: "By no means canst thou see Me (direct); But look upon the mount; if it abide in its place, then shalt thou see Me." When his Lord manifested His glory on the Mount, He made it as dust. And Moses fell down in a swoon. When he recovered his senses he said: "Glory be to Thee! to Thee I turn in repentance, and I am the first to believe."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (O, K, TA,) some say, (O, TA,) signifies A resting; (O, K, TA;) from فُوَاقٌ signifying a resting between two milkings; (O, TA;) which latter meaning, as well as the former, the K erroneously assigns to the former word. (TA.) And أَفَاقَتْ said of a she-camel, signifies the same as فَاقَتْ expl. above: see 1, latter half, (O, K, TA.) And [hence, perhaps,] افاق مِنْ مَرَضِهِ , (S, O, K, TA,) and مِنْ سُكْرِهِ , (S, O,) and مِنْ غَشْيَتِهِ , (O, TA,) inf. n. إِفَاقَهُ ; (TA;) and استفاق ; both signify the same; (S, O, K;) i. e. He returned to a healthy, or sound, state [of body and of mind, from his disease, and from his intoxication, and from his swoon, or fit of insensibility]: (O, K, TA:) or one says of the diseased, افاق and استفاق meaning he became convalescent; or recovered, but not completely, his health and strength: and the subst. [or quasi-inf. n.] is فُوَاقٌ : (TA:) and one says of the insane, or possessed, افاق , inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ , meaning he recovered his intel-ligence; and of the intoxicated, likewise, افاق , originally افاق مِنْ سُكْرِهِ , like as one says اِسْتَيْقَظَ مِنْ نَوْمِهِ : (Msb:) [and it is said that] الاِسْتِفَاقَةُ as syn. with الإِفَاقَةُ is derived from فَوْق meaning the contr. of تَحْت , like as تَعَلَّى مِنْ مَرَضِهِ and تَمَاثَلَ are from العُلُوُّ and المُثُولُ : (Har p. 132:) but accord. to 'Alee Ibn-'Eesà, استفاق signifies he sought, or desired, الإِفَاقَة . (Ham p. 541.) And [hence,] افاق الزَّمَانُ The time became abundant in herbage after barrenness or drought. (O, K, TA.) أَفَقْتُ السَّهْمَ , (inf. n. إِفَاقَةٌ , Msb,) I put the فُوق [or notch] of the arrow upon the bowstring, (S, O, Msb, * K,) to shoot with it; (S, O, Msb;) as also أَوْفَقْتُهُ : but أَفْوَقْتُهُ is extr., (S, O, K,) and should not be said, (S, O,) or, accord. to Yoo, one says أَفْوَقْتُهُ also: (O:) and, accord. to the A, فوّق السَّهْمَ signifies [in like manner] he put the bow-string into the notch of the arrow on the occasion of shooting. (TA.)
Form 5تفوّق عَلَى قَوْمِهِ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he exalted himself above his people; he drank, or drew, milk part after partgenerated

5.1

He exalted himself above his people, or party.

5.2he (a young unweaned camel) drank the collected milk time after time—تفوّق

That is, the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings.

5.2.1he milked her (a camel), drawing the collected milk from her time after time—تَفَوَّقَهَا

That is, the quantities of milk that had collected in her udder. استفاقها is used likewise. [But see this latter below.]

5.2.2figurative · مجازI draw it forth as the milk of a milch camel is drawn when it has collected in her udder—أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَتَفَوَّقُهُ تَفَوُّقَ اللَّقُوحِ

From the report about Aboo-Moosà, who was discoursing with Ma'ádh about reciting the Kur-án: he meant, I do not recite my set portion all at once, but piecemeal, in my night and my day.

5.2.3figurative · مجازhe drank his wine, or beverage, part after part—تفوّق شَرَابَهُ

Sb mentioned that يَتَجَرَّعَهُ and يَتَفَوَّقَهُ are said of what is not a labouring to do a thing all at once, but act after act, done in a leisurely way.

Show Lane's original text
He exalted himself above his people, or party. (O, * K, * TA.) تفوّق said of a young unweaned camel, He drank [or sucked] the quantities of milk that had collected in the udder between two milkings time after time. (S, O, K.) And تَفَوَّقَهَا He milked her, namely, a camel, drawing from her the quantities of milk that had collected in her udder time after time; (O, K;) as also استفاقها . (K. [But see this latter below.]) Hence the trad. respecting Aboo-Moosà, that he was discoursing with Ma'ádh, of reciting the Kur-án, and said, أَمَّا أَنَا فَأَتَفَوَّقُهُ تَفَوُّقَ اللَّقُوحِ [As for me, I draw it forth in the manner of the drawing forth of the milk of the milch camel at the times when it has collected in her udder], meaning I do not recite my set portion at once, but piecemeal, in my night and my day. (S, O, TA.) One says also تفوّق شَرَابَهُ i. e. He drank his wine, or beverage, part after part. (TA.) Sb has mentioned that يَتَجَرَّعَهُ and يَتَفَوَّقَهُ are said of that which is not a labouring to do a thing at once, but is an act after an act, performed in a leisurely manner. (O, TA.)
Form 7انفاق4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it broke, or became broken; he (a camel) became lean; he diedgenerated

7.1

It (a thing) broke, or became broken; the quasi-passive of فَاقَ الشَّىْءَ in the sense of كَسَرَهُ.

7.1.1

See also form 1, near the end.

7.1.2

Said of a camel: he became lean, or emaciated.

7.1.3

And he perished, or died.

Show Lane's original text
It (a thing) broke, or became broken; quasi-pass. of فَاقَ الشَّىْءَ meaning كَسَرَهُ . (TA.) See also 1, near the end. Said of a camel, He became lean, or emaciated: and He perished, or died. (O, K.)
Form 8افتاق2 senses

Core sense — he became poor, in want or need; he died gaspinggenerated

8.1

He was, or became, poor, or in want or need. فَاقَ in this sense is not allowable.

8.2

And he died with much فُوَاق [which may here mean either hiccoughing, which often occurs at the close of a fatal fever and the like, or gasping, or short catching of the breath].

Show Lane's original text
He was, or became, poor, or in want, or need: (S, O, Msb, K:) فَاقَ in this sense is not allowable. (S, O.) And He died with much فُوَاق [which may here mean either hiccoughing (which often occurs at the close of a fatal fever &c.), or gasping, or short catching of the breath]. (O, K.)
Form 10إِسْتَفْوَقَ3 senses · 2 main
maṣdarتَفْوِيقٌ

Core sense — he delayed milking her until her milk collected; he recovered his healthgenerated

10.1

See form 4, in four places.

10.2he delayed milking her (a camel) until her milk collected in her udder, or so that it might collect—استفاقها

See form 5: it may mean what is explained there, or this. فوّقها is used likewise.

do not milk the she-camel before the time—اِسْتَفِقِ النَّاقَةَ
10.2.1he does not abstain from drinking wine—مَا يَسْتَفِيقُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ

Or: he does not drink it at the set time; or he does not appoint a time for drinking it, but drinks it always.

Show Lane's original text
see 4, in four places. استفاقها : see 5. [It signifies as there explained: or it signifies, or signifies also,] He delayed the milking her, namely, a camel, until her milk collected in her udder, or in order that it might collect; and so فوّقها , inf. n. تَفْوِيقٌ . (TA.) One says, اِسْتَفِقِ النَّاقَةَ Milk not thou the she-camel before the time. (O, * K.) And مَا يَسْتَفِيقُ مِنَ الشَّرَابِ He does not abstain [from drinking wine]: (O, K, TA:) or he does not drink it in the set time: or he does not appoint a time for drinking it, but drinks it always. (TA.)

Derived nouns 19

Nounفَاقٌ6 senses

Core sense — a large bowl filled with food; cooked olive-oil; the desertgenerated

1a large bowl filled with food—جَفْنَة
2

Cooked olive-oil.

Shemmákh says, describing a woman's hair: [She stood showing hair abundant and luxuriant, or abundant and long in growth, let down, like the black serpents that have been anointed with cooked olive-oil]

shāhid
قَامَتْ تُرِيكَ أَثِيثَ النَّبْتِ مُنْسَدِلًامِثْلَ الأَسَاوِدِ قَدْ مُسِّحْنَ بِالقَافِ

.

Or, as some say, it means الأَنْفَاق, that is, fresh olive-oil [from إِنْفَاق, a Persian word meaning “olive-oil”].

Or, as AA relates it, the poet said قَدْ شُدِّخْنَ بِالفَاقِ [that have been crushed in the فاق]; and according to him that last word has the meaning given next.

3

The desert; the synonym is صَحْرَآءُ. So says AA.

On one occasion he says that الفاق means a certain land, or a certain wide land. A meaning also mentioned in the K.

4oil of ben—بَان

It is also explained as meaning a comb, on the authority of Th; and it may have either of these meanings in the verse quoted above.

5

According to the K it means tall, and incongruous in make, and so do فُوقٌ, فُوقَةٌ, فِيقٌ, فُوَاقٌ and فُيَاقٌ; but all these words are correctly written with two káfs in this or a similar sense.

6

Also, according to the K, a certain aquatic bird with a long neck; but this too is correctly with two káfs.

Show Lane's original text
A [large bowl such as is termed] جَفْنَة , filled with food. (Lth, T, O, K.) And Cooked olive-oil. (O, K, TA.) So in the saying of Shemmákh, (O, TA, *) describing the hair of a woman, (TA,) 1 [She stood showing to thee hair abundant and luxuriant, or abundant and long, in respect of growth, let down, like the black serpents that have been anointed with cooked olive-oil]: or, as some say, meaning الأَنْفَاق , meaning fresh olive-oil [from إِنْفَاق , a Pers. word signifying “ olive-oil ”]: or, as AA relates it, the poet said, قَدْ شُدِّخْنَ بِالفَاقِ [that have been crushed in the فاق ]; and accord. to him the last word has the meaning here next following. (O, TA.) قَامَتْ تُرِيكَ أَثِيثَ النَّبْتِ مُنْسَدِلًا | مِثْلَ الأَسَاوِدِ قَدْ مُسِّحْنَ بِالقَافِ And The desert; syn. صَحْرَآءُ : (O, K, TA:) so says AA: and on one occasion he says that الفاق means a certain land: (O: a meaning also mentioned in the K:) or a certain wide land. (TA.) It is also expl. as signifying بَان [i. e. Oil of ben]: and also A comb: on the authority of Th: and it may have either of these meanings in the verse cited above. (TA.) And accord. to the K, it signifies Tall, and incongruous in make; and so فُوقٌ and فُوقَةٌ and فِيقٌ and فُوَاقٌ and فُيَاقٌ : but these words are all correctly, in this [or a similar] sense with two káfs. (TA.) Also, accord. to the K, A certain aquatic bird, long in the neck: but this, likewise, is correctly with two káfs. (TA.)
Nounفَوْق1 sense

Core sense — the location above, or over; the upper part; exceeding, superiorgenerated

1figurative · مجازZeyd is above, or rather upon, the house-top—زَيْدٌ فَوْقَ السَّطْحِ

It is the opposite of تَحْت, primarily meaning the location that is above, or over. It is an adverbial noun of place, and also a simple noun, indeclinable [with dammeh for its ending, when the noun to which it should be prefixed is left out and the meaning of that noun, but not the word itself, is intended to be understood]; but when it is prefixed to another noun it is declinable. [For the words يَكُونُ ٱسْمًا وَظَرْفًا مَبْنِىٌّ, the reading of the K in the TA and CK, my manuscript copy of the K, which I follow here, has يكون ظرفا واسما مبنيّا.]

the turban is above, or upon, the head—العِمَامَةُ فَوْقَ الرَّأْسِ
it floated upon the water—طَفَا فَوْقَ المَآءِ

Mentioned in art. طفو.

do you sleep in the upper part of the house, or in the lower part?—أَفَوْقَ تَنَامُ أَمْ أَسْفَلَ

Ks has mentioned this saying with fet-h, the noun to which فوق should be prefixed being suppressed.

'Abd-Allah is above Zeyd—عَبْدُ ٱللّٰهِ فَوْقَ زَيْدٍ

Lth says that one who uses it as a صِفَة — by which, like other old writers, he means an adverbial noun of place — should use the accusative case.

his upper part is his head—فَوْقُهُ رَأْسُهُ
and the roof fell on them from above them—فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ

But if you make it simply a noun, you use the nominative case; for here it is the head itself, and each word is governed in the nominative by the other.

In the Kur 16:28. The usefulness of the phrase من فوقهم is hardly apparent, because عليهم sometimes serves in its stead; but IJ says that من فوقهم may have a useful office here, for عَلَى is sometimes used of deeds, or events, that are difficult and felt as a burden. For instance one says قَدْ سِرْنَا عَشْرًا وَبَقِيَتْ عَلَيْنَا لَيْلَتَانِ [We have journeyed ten nights and two nights of the journey have remained as though incumbent on us]. So if it were said فخرّ عليهم السقف without adding من فوقهم, it might be supposed to be like the saying عَلَيْهِمْ دَارُهُمْ قَدْ خَرِبَتْ [Their abode had become a ruin as a punishment upon them]; but when He, that is God, says من فوقهم, that supposable meaning ceases to be so, and the meaning becomes that the roof fell while they were beneath it.

when they came to you from above you and from below you—إِذْ جَاؤُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ
they shall be above them in station—وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقُوا فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَامَةِ
he overcame him, or overpowered him—أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ

In the Kur 33:10. This refers to Benoo-Kureydhah, who came to them from above them, and to Kureysh and Ghatafán, who came from the district of Mekkeh, from below them.

In the Kur 2:208, said of those who have been careful of their religious duties; on the day of resurrection.

One also says أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقٍ, and likewise أَتَاهُ من فوق, explained in the Ham p. 128 as قَهَرَهُ, namely his adversary; and so of a hawk with its prey.

فَوْق is used figuratively to denote excess and excellence.

ten is above nine; that is, ten exceeds nine—العَشَرَةُ فَوْقَ التِّسْعَةِ
this is above that; this is more excellent than that—هٰذَا فَوْقَ ذَاكَ
and what exceeds it in smallness, or in largeness—بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا

In the Kur 3:24: what is smaller than it, or what is larger than it — by the larger being meant the fly mentioned in the Kur 22:72 and the spider mentioned in 29:40; and taken in the former sense the phrase is like the reply to one who says “Such a one is small”: ذٰلِكَ وَفَوْقَ, that is, and smaller than that.

and if they are women, exceeding two—فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ

In the Kur 3:12.

Qur’ān 3:26 approximate — somewhere between 3:11 and 3:49 Lane cites “Kur iii. 24”
Qur’ān 22:71 approximate — somewhere between 22:36 and 22:78 Lane cites “Kur xxii. 72”
Qur’ān 3:14 approximate — somewhere between 3:11 and 3:49 Lane cites “Kur iii. 12”
Qur’ānic occurrences فَوْق 1 shown of 39
78:12
وَبَنَيْنَا فَوْقَكُمْ سَبْعًا شِدَادًا

And (have We not) built over you the seven firmaments,

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
is the contr. of تَحْت ; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) [primarily signifying The location that is above, or over;] and is an adv. n. (Mgh, Msb, K) of place; (Mgh, Msb;) and a simple noun, indecl., [with dammeh for its termination, when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed, and the meaning of this is intended to be understood, but not the word itself;] but when it is prefixed to another noun [which is either expressed or itself (and not merely its meaning) meant to be understood, and when the noun to which it should be prefixed is suppressed and neither this nor its meaning is meant to be understood,] it is declinable. (K. [For the words يَكُونُ ٱسْمًا وَظَرْفًا مَبْنِىٌّ , the reading of the K in the TA and CK, my MS. copy of the K (which I follow in this case) has يكون ظرفا واسما مبنيّا .]) One says, زَيْدٌ فَوْقَ السَّطْحِ [Zeyd is above, or rather upon, the house-top]. (Mgh, Msb.) And العِمَامَةُ فَوْقَ الرَّأْسِ [The turban is above, or upon, the head]. (Mgh.) And طَفَا فَوْقَ المَآءِ It floated upon the water. (S &c. in art. طفو .) Ks has mentioned the saying, أَفَوْقَ تَنَامُ أَمْ أَسْفَلَ [Dost thou, or wilt thou, sleep in the part that is above of the house &c., or in the part that is below? i. e., in the upper part, or in the lower part?] with fet-h, as suppressing the noun to which فوق is [meant to be understood as] prefixed. (TA.) Lth says that he who uses it as a صِفَة [by which (like other old writers) he means an adv. n. of place] should use the accus. case, as when one says, عَبْدُ ٱللّٰهِ فَوْقَ زَيْدٍ ['Abd-Allah is above Zeyd]: but if you make it simply a noun, you use the nom. case, and say, فَوْقُهُ رَأْسُهُ [His superior (meaning upper) part is his head]; for in this instance it is the head itself, and you make each to be governed in the nom. case by the other. (TA.) In the saying in the Kur [xvi. 28], فَخَرَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلسَّقْفُ مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ [And the roof fell on them from above them], the utility of the phrase من فوقهم is hardly apparent, because عليهم sometimes serves in its stead: but IJ says that من فوقهم may here have a useful office; for عَلَى is sometimes used in relation to deeds [or events] that are difficult, and deemed onerous; [for instance,] you say, قَدْ سِرْنَا عَشْرًا وَبَقِيَتْ عَلَيْنَا لَيْلَتَانِ [We have journeyed ten nights and the journeys two nights have remained as though incumbent on us]; &c.; so that if it were said فخرّ عليهم السقف without the adding من فوقهم , it might be supposed to be like the saying عَلَيْهِمْ دَارُهُمْ قَدْ خَرِبَتْ [Their abode had become in a state of ruin as a punishment upon them]; but when He [referring to God] says من فوقهم , that meaning which was supposable ceases to be so; and the meaning becomes this, that it [the roof] fell when they were beneath it. (TA.) إِذْ جَاؤُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلَ مِنْكُمْ [When they came to you from above you and from below you], in the Kur [xxxiii. 10], relates to Benoo- Kureydhah, who came to them from above them; and to Kureysh and Ghatafán, who came from the district of Mekkeh, from below them. (TA.) وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقُوا فَوْقَهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَامَةِ , in the Kur [ii. 208], means [But those who have been careful of their religious duties] shall be above them in station [on the day of resurrection]. (O.) And one says, [agreeably with what has been stated in the first sentence of this paragraph, أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقُ , and أَخَذَهُ مِنْ فَوْقٍ , [meaning He overcame him, or overpowered him, and in like manner أَتَاهُ من فوق , as expl. in the Ham p. 128. i. e. قَهَرَهُ namely, his adversary; and so a hawk, his pr? or quarry. (M and K in an expl. of أَدَلَّ عَلَيْه , in art. دل .) And [in a similar manner] فَوْق is metaphorically used as denoting excess, (Mgh, Msb.) and excellence: (Msb:) thus one says, العَشَرَةُ فَوْقَ التِّسْعَةِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. Ten is above nine; meaning ten exceeds nine: (Msb:) and هٰذَا فَوْقَ ذَاكَ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. [This is above, or superior to, that;] meaning this is more excellent than that; (Msb:) and hence, (Mgh, Msb,) in the Kur iii. 24], (S, O,) بَعُوضَةً فَمَا فَوْقَهَا i. e. [A gnat and] what exceeds it (Mgh, Msb) in smallness, or in largeness; (Mgh, Msb, K;) what is smaller than it, (AO, S, O,) or what is larger than it, by the latter being meant the fly [mentioned in the Kur xxii. 72] and the spider [mentioned in xxix. 40], (Fr, S, O,) and the phrase as expl. in the former sense being like the reply to him who says “ Such a one is small ” ذٰلِكَ وَفَوْقَ i. e. And smaller than that: (AO, O:) hence also, in the Kur iii. 12], فَإِنْ كُنَّ نِسَآءً فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ (Mgh, Msb) i. e. [And if they are women,] exceeding two. (Msb.)
Nounفُوقٌ16 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the notch of an arrow, where the bow-string is put; a mode of speechgenerated

1the two cusps of the notch, between which the bow-string is put—الفُوقَانِ

The part of the arrow which is the place of the bow-string, that is, its notch; and so فُوقَةٌ. The former is masculine, and also, like the latter, feminine.

That is, the زَنَمَتَانِ, the two cusps of the فُوق. These are so termed by the tribe of Hudheyl; but a poet who used the dual form is said by AO to have meant by it a single فُوق.

The plural of multitude is فُوَقٌ and the plural of paucity أَفْوَاقٌ; or, according to ISk, these are plurals of فُوقَةٌ. قُفًا is also a plural, formed by transposition [see an example in a verse quoted under عُرْقُوبٌ]. One says فُقْوَةٌ and فُقًا [for فُوقَةٌ and فُوَقٌ].

an arrow made complete by having a notch—سَهْمٌ ذُو فُوقٍ

That is, by having a فُوق.

1.1figurative · مجازa complete share—ذَا فُوقٍ

Occurring in a report; [for سَهْمٌ means “a share” as well as “an arrow”].

the one, or those, of them having the largest share of religion—أَعْلَاهُمْ فُوقًا

A figurative phrase, from the فُوق of the arrow.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredattend to your own affair and to what concerns you—أَقْبِلْ عَلَى فُوقِ نَبْلِكَ

Or perhaps فُوَقِ نَبْلِكَ, since نَبْلٌ is a collective noun meaning “arrows” or “Arabian arrows”.

1.3figurative · مجازwe shot in one direction; or we shot one bout, in one direction—رَمَيْنَا فُوقًا

Or فُوقًا وَاحِدًا, meaning رِشْقًا.

1.4figurative · مجازsuch a one was the first shot and the first dying—كان فُلَانٌ لِأَوَّلِ فُوقِ

That is, he was for the first discharge from the bow.

1.5figurative · مجازa mode, or manner, of speech—فُوقٌ

Plural فُوَقٌ.

enter upon a mode, or manner, of speech better than it—خَذْ فِى فُوقِ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ

Said to a man when he enters upon some mode, or manner, of speech.

1.6figurative · مجاز

And the first way.

1.7figurative · مجازreturn, if you wish, to the close, loving relations we had—اِرْجَعْ إِن شِئْتَ فِى فُوقٍ

Apparently from this meaning. (Ibn-'Abbád)

1.8figurative · مجاز — inferredmay such a one die—فُوقِهِ لَا رَجعَ فُلَانٌ إِلَى

Said by the Arabs in cursing; so says AA. He quotes this verse of El-'Uleykim El-Kindee: [What is the matter with my wife, that she is choked by her spittle? Then may it (her spittle) not return to its channel]

shāhid
مَا بَالُ عِرْسِى شَرِقَتْ بِرِيقِهَاثُمَّتَ لَا يَرْجِعْ لَهَا مِنْ فُوقِهَا

— that is, to her throat, the way it came, so that she may be suffocated.

1.9figurative · مجاز — inferredhe went away and did not return—مَا ٱرْتَدَّ عَلَى فُوقِهِ

Said of a man when he has gone away; [that is, to the place he departed from].

1.10figurative · مجازthe vulva of a woman—فُوقٌ

According to Ibn-'Abbád; but As says that this word is with ق [in the place of the ف].

[It is, however, also said that] فُوقُ الرَّحِمِ means the slit of the vulva, by way of comparison [to the notch of the arrow].

1.11figurative · مجاز — inferred

And apparently the front edge of the lobe of the ear: see form 1 in art. حرم, where it is mentioned in a way that seems to rule out its being a mistranscription for قَوف.

1.12figurative · مجاز — inferred

And, as Ibn-'Abbád says, the place of opening (مَفْرَج; in the K wrongly مَخْرَج) of the mouth; or, as some say, the tip of the tongue.

1.13figurative · مجاز — inferred

And the uppermost part of the penis (En-Nadr), or of its glans.

2

And, according to the K, a certain bird, meaning a certain aquatic bird; but this is correctly [قُوقٌ] with two káfs.

2.1

See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

Show Lane's original text
The part, of the arrow, which is the place of the bow-string; [i. e. the notch thereof;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also فُوقَةٌ : (Msb, K;) the former is masc., and also, like the latter, fem. (IAmb, Msb:) and الفُوقَانِ signifies the زَنَمَتَانِ [or two cusps of the فُوق , between which is put the bow string]; (O, K;) thus these are termed by the tribe of Hudheyl; but a poet who has used the dual form is said by AO to has mead thereby a single فُوق : (O:) the pl. [of mult.] is فُوَقٌ and [of pauc.] أَفْوَاقٌ ; (S, O, Msb, K;) or, accord. to ISk, these are pls. of فُوقَةٌ ; (TA;) and قُفًا also is a pl., formed by transposition; [see an ex. in a verse cited voce عُرْقُوبٌ ;] (K, TA;) one says فُقْوَةٌ and فُقًا [for فُوقَةٌ and فُوَقٌ ]. (TA.) سَهْمٌ ذُو فُوقٍ means An arrow rendered complete by its having a فُوق : and hence ذَا فُوقٍ occurring in a trad. [as meaning A complete share; for سَهْمٌ signifies “ a share ” as well as “ an arrow ”]. (A'Obeyd, O.) And أَعْلَاهُمْ فُوقًا , meaning He, or they, of them, haring the largest share of religion, is a metaphorical phrase, from the فُوق of the arrow. (TA.) And they say, أَقْبِلْ عَلَى فُوقِ نَبْلِكَ , [or, app., فُوَقِ نَبْلِكَ , for نَبْلٌ is a coll. n., meaning “ arrows, ” or “ Arabian arrows, ”] meaning Betake thyself to thy affair, and that which concerns thee. (TA.) And رَمَيْنَا فُوقًا , (O, K,) or فُوقًا وَاحِدًا , (TA,) meaning رِشْقًا [i. e. We shot in one direction; or we shot one bout, in one direction], (O, K, TA.) [Hence, app.,] one says, كان فُلَانٌ لِأَوَّلِ فُوقِ , meaning Such a one was [for the first discharge from the bow, i. e.,] the first shot and dying. (A, TA.) And [hence, perhaps.] فُوقٌ signifies also A mode, or manner, of speech: (A, O, K:) pl. فُوَقٌ . (TA) One says to a man when he enters upon a mode, or manner, of speech, خَذْ فِى فُوقِ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ [Enter upon a mode, or manner, of speech better than it]. (A, TA.) And The first way (AA, O K, TA.) Hence. app., [they say, اِرْجَعْ إِن شِئْتَ فِى فُوقٍ Return thou, if thou wilt, to the state of close, or loving, communion in which we were. (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O,TA.) And the Arabs say, in imprecating, فُوقِهِ لَا رَجعَ فُلَانٌ إِلَى i.e. May such a one die: so says AA; and he cites the following verse of El-'Uleykim El-Kindee, 1 meaning [What is the case of my wife that she is choked by her spittle? Then, or afterward,] may it (her spittle) not return to its channel [i. e. her throat, the way whence it came so that she may be suffocated). (O.) مَا بَالُ عِرْسِى شَرِقَتْ بِرِيقِهَا | ثُمَّتَ لَا يَرْجِعْ لَهَا مِنْ فُوقِهَا And one says (O, K) or a man when he has gone away, (O,) مَا ٱرْتَدَّ عَلَى فُوقِهِ , meaning He went away and he did not return [ to the place whence he departed] (O, K) فُوقٌ also signifies, (O, K.) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O, TA.) The vulva of a woman: (O, K. TA) but As says that this is with ق [in the place of the ف ]: (TA:) [it is, however, also said that] فُوقُ الرَّحِمِ signifies the rima of the vulva, by way of comparison [to the notch of the arrow]. (TA, in the supplement to this art.) [And app. The front edge of the lobe of the ear: see 1 in art حرم , when it is mentioned in such a manner as seems to preclude its being a mistranscription for قَوف ] And (as Ibn-'Abbád says, O) The place of opening ( مَفْرَج , O. TA, in the K erroneously, مَخْرَج , TA, and جَوْبَة, O, K, TA) of the mouth: or (as some say, O) the extremity of the tongue. (O, K, TA.) And The uppermost part of the penis, (En-Nadr, O, K, TA,) or of the glans thereof. (TA.) And, accord. to the K, A certain bird; mean ing a certain aquatic bird: but this is correctly [ قُوقٌ ,] with two káfs. (TA.) See also فَاقٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounفِيقٌ2 senses

Core sense — the milk that collects in the udder between two milkingsgenerated

1

Originally فِوْقٌ: see فِيقَةٌ.

2

Also mentioned in this article and in art. فيق in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

Show Lane's original text
[originally فِوْقٌ ]: see فِيقَةٌ . Also, as mentioned in this art and in art. فيق , in the K: see فَاقٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounفَيَقٌ1 sense

Core sense — the milk that collects in the udder between two milkingsgenerated

1

And فِيَقٌ: see مُفِيقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
and فِيَقٌ : see مُفِيقٌ .
Nounفَاقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — poverty, want, or needgenerated

1he is one who is in poverty, want, or need—هُوَ ذُو فَاقَةٍ

Poverty, want, or need.

It has no unaugmented verb. See form 8.

Show Lane's original text
Poverty, (S, O, K,) want, or need. (S, O, Msb, K.) One says, هُوَ ذُو فَاقَةٍ He is one who is in [poverty or] want or need. (Msb.) (See 8.] It has no (unaugmented] verb. (TA.)
Nounفُوقَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — the notch of an arrow, the place of the bow-stringgenerated

1

See فُوقٌ, first sentence.

2

And see also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

Show Lane's original text
: see فُوقٌ , first sentence. And see also فَاقٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounفَوَقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — elegant scholars, and oratorsgenerated

1

See فَائِقٌ [of which, as an ism fāʿil, it is a plural].

Show Lane's original text
: see فَائِقٌ [of which, as a part. n., it is a pl.].
Nounفَيْقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the milk that collects in the udder between two milkingsgenerated

1

See what follows next.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows.
Nounفِيقَةٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — milk that collects in the udder between two milkings; the greater part of the nightgenerated

1

The milk that collects in the udder between two milkings. Originally فِوْقَةٌ, the و having become ى because of the kesreh before it.

سراج [or this is a mistake for اِبْن السَّرَّاج] has mentioned فَيْقَةٌ النَّاقَةِ with fet-h; but ISd says, “I do not know how that is.”

Plural فِيقٌ [or rather this is a collective generic noun and فَاقَةٌ is its ism waḥda], and فِيقٌ, فيقَاتٌ, and أَفْوَاقٌ [a plural of paucity], or this last may be a plural of the plural فِيَقٌ; and أَفَاوِيقَ, which is a plural of a plural [or a plural of أَفْوَاقٌ]. [See also عُرَاكَةٌ.]

1.1

See also form 2 above for an example of أَفَاوِيق used figuratively.

1.2figurative · مجازthe water that has collected in the clouds and then falls as rain—أَفَاوِيقُ

It falls time after time.

1.3figurative · مجازthe greater part of the night—أَفَاوِيقُ
we went forth after the greater part of the night had passed—خَرَجنَا بَعْدَ أَفَاوِيقَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ

Or, according to Th, after portions of the night.

1.4figurative · مجازthe time of the early forenoon when the sun has become high—فِيقَةُ الصُّحَى

That early portion of the forenoon is called the ضحى. (Ibn-'Abbád) Or, according to Z, the first part of the ضحى.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, O, &c.,) originally فِوْقَةٌ , (TA,) the و having become ى because of the kesreh before it, (S, O, TA,) The milk that collects (S, O, K) in the udder (K) between two milkings: (S, O, K:) and سراج [or this is a mistake for اِبْن السَّرَّاج ] has mentioned فَيْقَةٌ النَّاقَةِ , with fet-h: but ISd says, “ I know not how that is: ” (TA:) pl. فِيقٌ (S, O, K.) [or rather this is a coll. gen. n. and فَاقَةٌ is its n. un.,] and فِيقٌ (IB. K) and فيقَاتٌ (K.) and أَفْوَاقٌ , [a pl. of pauc.,] (S, O, K.) or this may be pl. of the pl. فِيَقٌ . (IB. TA.) and أَفَاوِيقَ , (S. O, K,) which is a pl. pl. (O, K) [or pl. of أَفْوَاقٌ ]. [See also عُرَاكَةٌ .] See also above, conj. 2, an ex. of أَفَاوِيق in a tropical sense. أَفَاوِيقُ also signifies The water that has collected in the clouds and then falls in rain. (S, O, K, TA ? time after time. (S, K. TA.) Also, i. e. أَفَاوِيقُ , The greater part of the night: (Lh, O, K, TA) so in the saying, خَرَجنَا بَعْدَ أَفَاوِيقَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ We went forth] after the greater part of the night had passed: (Lh, O:) or, accord. to Th, after pertions ( أَقْطَاع ) of the night. (TA.) فِيقَةُ الصُّحَى means The period of the [early portion of the forenoon called the] ضحى when the sun has become high: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA:) or, accord. to Z, the first part of the ضحى . (TA.)
Nounفَوْقَانِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — upper, superior; an upper coat worn over the inner garmentgenerated

1

Of, or relating to, the location that is above, or over; superior; upper. It is the relative noun of فَوْق, as تَحْتَانِىٌّ is of تَحْت, ا and ن being very often added in the relative noun.

1.1

And from this, but more commonly فَوْقَانِيَّةٌ: a garment worn by a man over the one next his body; an upper coat, generally long, reaching to the heels, ample in width, and with long sleeves; it seems to have been formerly peculiar to men of the learned professions. Of the dialect of Mekkeh; post-classical. [See Dozy's Dict. des Noms des Vêtements chez les Arabes, p. 343.]

Show Lane's original text
[Of, or relating to, the location that is above, or over; superior; upper;] rel. n. of فَوْق , like as تَحْتَانِىٌّ is of تَحْت : ا and ن being very often added in the rel. n. (TA. in art. تحت .) And [hence, but more commonly فَوْقَانِيَّةٌ ,] A garment worn by a man over that which is next the body; [an upper-coat; generally long, reaching to the heels, ample in width, and with long sleeves: it seems to have been formerly peculiar to men of the learned professions:] of the dial. Mekkeh: posts-classical. TA [See Dezy's Dict. des Noms des Vétements chez les Arabes, p. 343]).
Nounفَوَاقٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the returning supply of milk after sucking or milkinggenerated

1

The returning supply of milk after sucking or milking.

1.1

See also the next paragraph, in three places.

Qur’ānic occurrences فَوَاق
38:15
وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا صَيْحَةً وَٰحِدَةً مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٍ

These (today) only wait for a single mighty Blast, which (when it comes) will brook no delay.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
The returning supply of milk after sucking or milking. (TA.) See also the next paragraph, in three places.
Nounفُوَاقٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — the time between two milkings; a pause, or restinggenerated

1

See form 1, earlier part, in two places.

2

And see form 1 again, later part.

2.1

And see form 4, in two places.

2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe stayed at his abode only as long as the time between two milkings—مَا أَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا فُوَاقًا

Also the time between two milkings: the she-camel was milked, then left a little while for her young one to suck her so that she might yield her milk copiously, after which she was milked again; and likewise the time between two sucklings. (Ksh on 38:14.) فَوَاقٌ means the same. Or, according to IF, the فواق of the she-camel is the returning of the milk into the udder after the milking. Or فُوَاقٌ means the time between the opening of one's hand and the grasping of the camel's udder with it; or the milker's grasping the udder and then letting it go, in milking.

The plural is أَفْوِقَةٌ and آفِقَةٌ. Fr says that فواق has for its plural أَفِيقَةٌ, originally أَفْوِقَةٌ, the kesreh of the و being transferred to the ف and the و then changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; and that أَفْوِقَةٌ has for its plural أَفْوِقَاتٌ.

the time for visiting a sick person is the space between the two milkings of a she-camel—العِيَادَةُ قَدْرُ فُوَاقِ النَّاقَةِ
grant me a delay, or respite, as long as the time between two milkings—قَالَ لَهُ الأَسِيرُ أَنْظِرْنِى فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ
there shall be no postponement, or delay, and resting for it—فَوَاقٍ مَا لَهَا مِنْ

From a report of 'Alee: the captive said this to him.

In the Kur 38:14; فُوَاقٍ is also read, this being the reading of the Koofees except 'Ásim, and the former that of the rest. Or, according to AO, that is the meaning of the first reading, while the second means any waiting, or expecting. Or both mean any pausing as long as the time between two milkings, or two sucklings. (Ksh) Or any returning and repeating (I'Ab, Ksh), from أَفَاقَ, “he (a sick man) returned to a healthy, or sound, state,” and from the فواق of the she-camel, when the supply of milk returns to her udder; or because in it [that is, the فواق] the milk returns to the udder; that is, the blast shall be one only, and shall not be repeated. (Ksh)

he divided the spoils in the space of the rest between two milkings of a she-camel—قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ

Or الغَنَائِمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ عَنْ فَوَاقٍ قَسَمَ and فُوَاقٍ; the spoils were those of Kheyber, or of the day of Bedr. Or the meaning is: quickly, عن فواق being equivalent to صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ [that is, قَسْمًا صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ, with a dividing proceeding from quickness]. Or, as some say, the meaning is that he made some of those who composed his army more highly distinguished than others in proportion to their spoils and to the trial they had undergone.

3

See also فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, former half, in two places: and see 1 again, latter half: and 4, in two places. Also The time between two milkings; (S, O, Msb, K;) for the she-camel was milked, and then left a little while for her young one to suck her in order that she might yield her milk copiously, after which she was milked again; (S, O;) and likewise the time between two suckings; (Ksh in xxxviii. 14;) and فَوَاقٌ signifies the same; (S, O, Msb, K:) or, (Msb, TA,) accord. to IF, (Msb,) the فواق of the she-camel is the retuning of the milk into the udder after the milking: (Msb, TA:) or فُوَاقٌ signifies the time between the opening of one's hand and the grasping with it the udder (K, TA) of the camel: or when the milker grasps the udder and then lets it go, in milking: (TA:) the pl. is أَفْوِقَةٌ and آفِقَةٌ ; (O, K;) and Fr says that فواق has for its pl. أَفِيقَةٌ , originally أَفْوِقَةٌ , the kesreh of the و being transferred to the ف , and the و being then changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; and أَفْوِقَةٌ has for its pl. أَفْوِقَاتٌ . (TA.) One says, مَا أَقَامَ عِنْدَهُ إِلَّا فُوَاقًا [He did not remain at his abode save as long as the time between two milkings]. (S, O, TA.) And it is said in a trad., العِيَادَةُ قَدْرُ فُوَاقِ النَّاقَةِ [The period of the visiting of a sick person is the space of time between the two milkings of the she-camel]. (S.) And in a trad. of 'Alee occurs the saying, قَالَ لَهُ الأَسِيرُ أَنْظِرْنِى فُوَاقَ نَاقَةٍ i. e. [The captive said to him,] Grant thou me a delay, or respite, as long as the time between two milkings [of a she-camel]. (TA.) فَوَاقٍ مَا لَهَا مِنْ and فُوَاقٍ in the Kur [xxxviii. 14], accord. to different readings, (S,) the latter the reading of the Koofees except 'Ásim, and the former that of the rest, (O,) means [There shall not appertain to it] any postponement, or delay, and resting: (S:) or, accord. to AO, the latter is the meaning of the former reading; and the latter reading means, any waiting, or expecting: (TA:) or [both mean] any pausing as much as the time between two milkings, (Ksh, Bd,) or two suckings: (Ksh:) or any returning, and repeating; (I'Ab, Ksh, Bd;) from أَفَاقَ “ he (a sick man) returned to a healthy, or sound, state ”; and the فواق of the she-camel, when the supply of milk returns to her udder; (Ksh;) or because in it [i. e. the فواق ] the milk returns to the udder; (Bd;) i. e. the blast [to which the words refer] shall be one only; it shall not be repeated. (Ksh.) The saying (Mgh, O, TA) of the Prophet, (O,) related in a trad., (O, TA,) قَسَمَ غَنَائِمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ , (Mgh,) or الغَنَائِمَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ عَنْ فَوَاقٍ قَسَمَ (O, TA) and فُوَاقٍ , (TA,) means He divided the spoils [of Kheyber, or on the day of Bedr,] in the space of the rest between two milkings of a she-camel: (TA:) or quickly; (Mgh, O;) عن فواق meaning صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ [i. e. قَسْمًا صَادِرًا عَنْ سُرْعَةٍ with a dividing proceeding from quickness]: (Mgh, O: *) or, as some say, the meaning is, making some of them [i. e. of those who composed his army] to be more highly distinguished ( أَفْوَق ) than others (O, TA *) in the proportion of their spoils and of the trial undergone by them. (TA.) See also فَاقٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounفُيَاقٌ1 sense

Core sense — tall, and incongruous in makegenerated

1

Mentioned in this article in the K: see فَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

Show Lane's original text
, mentioned in this art. in the K: see فَاقٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounفَائِقٌ2 senses

Core sense — superior, excellent, surpassinggenerated

1he is superior, excellent, or surpassing, in knowledge—هُوَ فَائِقٌ فِى العِلْمِ
superior in wealth, and the like—فِى الفِنَى
a young woman excelling in beauty, or comeliness—جَارِيَةٌ فَائِقَةٌ
elegant scholars, and orators—فَوَقَةٌ

Superior, excellent, or surpassing; anything excellent, or choice, and pure, of its kind.

An irregular plural of فَائِقٌ, as خَوَنَةٌ is of خَائِنٌ; by rule these plurals should be فَاقَةٌ and خَانَةٌ.

2

Also the place where the neck joins the head; so when this is high, the neck is long.

Show Lane's original text
Superior, excellent, or surpassing: (Mgh, Msb: *) anything excellent, or choice, (O, K, TA,) and pure, in its kind. (TA.) You say, هُوَ فَائِقٌ فِى العِلْمِ [He is superior, excellent, or surpassing, in knowledge], and فِى الفِنَى [in wealth, &c.]. (Mgh.) And جَارِيَةٌ فَائِقَةٌ [A young woman excelling in beauty, or comeliness]. (Msb.) And فَوَقَةٌ [an irreg. pl. of فَائِقٌ , like as خَوَنَةٌ is of خَائِنٌ , for by rule these pls. should be فَاقَةٌ and خَانَةٌ ,] signifies Elegant scholars, and orators. (IAar, O, K.) Also The place of junction of the neck with the head: (S, O, K:) therefore when this is high, the neck is long. (S, O.)
Nounأَفْوَقُ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — an arrow with a broken notch; an arrow having no notchgenerated

1

See فُوَاقٌ, last sentence but one.

2figurative · مجاز — inferredsuch a one came back with an arrow whose notch was broken and which had no head on it—رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصَلٍ

Also an arrow whose فُوق [or notch] is broken; [and] an arrow having no فُوق. Plural فُوَقٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for the regular plural, فُوْقٌ; or the و may have fet-h to distinguish it from فُوقٌ, meaning “a notch” of an arrow]. But IAar explains this as meaning arrows whose heads have fallen off.

I made his share of good fortune little, or incomplete—رَدَدْتُهُ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ

That is, with an incomplete share of good fortune; or disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought. A proverb.

Or: I turned him back, or away, with a paltry benefit.

And مَا بَلِلْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ is explained in the first paragraph of art. بل.

2.1a large sheave of a pulley—مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ

Every سِنّ [or tooth, perhaps meaning cog, though I do not remember meeting with any description of a cogged محالة] has two cusps, like the فوقان of the arrow.

[The strangeness of this explanation makes me think that فَوْقَآءُ is here a mistranscription for فَوْهَآءُ and that the explanation is partly conjectural.]

2.2a glans of a penis whose extremity tapers in form—كَمَرَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ

Like what is termed حَوْقَآءُ.

Show Lane's original text
: see فُوَاقٌ , last sentence but one. Also An arrow of which the فُوق [or notch] is broken: (S, O, Msb, K, TA:) [and] an arrow having no فُوق : (L voce أَقَذُّ :) pl. فُوَقٌ [perhaps a mistranscription for the regular form of pl., i. e. فُوْقٌ ; or it may be that the و is with fet-h to distinguish it from فُوقٌ signifying “ a notch ” of an arrow]: but IAar explains this as signifying arrows of which the heads have fallen. (TA.) One says, رَجَعَ فُلَانٌ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصَلٍ Such a one returned with an arrow having a broken notch and without a head upon it; meaning, with an incomplete share of good fortune: (S, O:) or, disappointed of attaining what he desired, or sought: a proverb. (TA.) And رَدَدْتُهُ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ [I turned him back, or away, with a paltry benefit; or] I made his share of good fortune to be little, or incomplete. (TA.) And مَا بَلِلْتُ مِنْ فُلَانٍ بِأَفْوَقَ نَاصِلٍ , expl. in the first paragraph of art. بل . مَحَالَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ [A large sheave of a pulley] of which every سِنّ [or tooth, perhaps meaning cog, though I do not remember to have met with any description of a cogged محالة ,] has two cusps ( فُوقَانِ ), (O, K,) like the فوقان [of the notch] of the arrow. (O.) [The strangeness of this explanation induces me to think that فَوْقَآءُ is here a mistranscription for فَوْهَآءُ , (see مَحَالَةٌ فَوْهَآءُ , in art. فوه ,) and that the explanation is partly conjectural.] And كَمَرَةٌ فَوْقَآءُ A glans of a penis whereof the extremity is tapering in form, (O, K,) like that which is termed حَوْقَآءُ . (O.)
Nounمُفِيقٌ2 senses

Core sense — a she-camel having in her udder the milk collected between two milkingsgenerated

1a she-camel having in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings—مُفِيقَةٌ

Plural مَفَاوِيقُ and مَفَاوِقُ.

فُيُقٌ is also a plural of مُفِيقٌ in the sense explained above, mentioned by AA in the third volume of his “Nawádir,” and said by IB to be, by analogy, a plural of فُوُوقٌ, and to be originally فُوُقٌ; but according to one relation of a verse in which it occurs it is فِيَق, which agrees better with analogy.

2

Applied to a poet, the former word is synonymous with مُفْلِقٌ, that is, one who composes poetry admirably, or wonderfully. (Aboo-Turáb, K. But its verb is mentioned in the O and K in art. فيق.)

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and مُفِيقَةٌ A she-camel having in her udder the milk that had collected between two milkings: (AA, S, O, K:) pl. مَفَاوِيقُ (S, O, K) and مَفَاوِقُ , (Akh, TA,) and فُيُقٌ also is pl. of مُفِيقٌ signifying as expl. above, mentioned by AA in the third vol. of his “ Nawádir, ” and said by IB to be, accord. to analogy, pl. of فُوُوقٌ , and to be originally فُوُقٌ ; but accord. to one relation of a verse in which it occurs, it is فِيَق , which is more agreeable with analogy. (TA.) And the former, applied to a poet, is syn. with مُفْلِقٌ [i. e. One who poetizes admirably, or wonderfully.]. (Aboo-Turáb, K. [But its verb is mentioned in the O and K in art. فيق .])
Nounمُفَوَّقٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — taken little by little; an arrow notched for the bow-stringgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

Food, and beverage, that is taken little by little. See its verb.

2

Applied to an arrow: [having a notch made for the bow-string. (See form 2.)]

2.1

[And] having the bow-string put into its notch on the occasion of shooting: see form 4, last sentence.

2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredmay you not cease to be rightly disposed in beneficence—لَا زِلْتَ الخَيْرِ مُوَفَّقًا وَسَهْمُكَ فِى الكَرَمِ مُفَوَّقًا

And your arrow made ready, with the bow-string put into its notch, in generosity.

Show Lane's original text
Food, and beverage, that is taken by little and little. (IAar, O, K, TA. [See its verb.]) Applied to an arrow, [Having a notch made for the bow-string. (See 2.) And] Having the bow-string put into its notch on the occasion of shooting: [see 4, last sentence:] whence the saying, لَا زِلْتَ الخَيْرِ مُوَفَّقًا وَسَهْمُكَ فِى الكَرَمِ مُفَوَّقًا [Mayest thou not cease to be rightly disposed in beneficence, and thine arrow made ready with the bow-string put into its notch in generosity]. (A, TA.)
Nounمُسْتَفِيقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man who sleeps muchgenerated

1

A man who sleeps much; mentioned by IAar, but this is strange.

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A man who sleeps much: (O, K, TA:) mentioned by IAar; but this is strange.