فوض

Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 6 · 9 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 2فوّض إِلَيْهِ الأَمْرَ2 senses · 1 main

maṣdarتَفْوِيضٌ

Core sense — he committed the affair to him; he gave a woman in marriage without dowrygenerated

2.1And I commit my case to God, making Him arbiter of it—وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِى إِلَى اللّٰه

. He committed to him the thing, affair, or case; synonym رَدَّ, صَيَّرَ, or سَلَّمَ: abstaining from contention or litigation, and made him arbiter of it.

Qur'ān 40:47.

2.1.1he gave the woman in marriage without requiring a dowry—فوّض المَرْأَةِ

التَّفْوِيضُ فِى النِّكَاحِ or نِكَاحُ التَّفْوِيضِ is the giving of a woman in marriage without requiring a dowry.

she married herself to her husband without a dowry—فَوَّضَتْ بُضْعَهَا إِلَى زَوْجِهَا

Also فَوَّضَتْ نِكَاحَهَا إِلَى الزَّوْجِ.

Or فَوَّضَتْ means: she gave up, or renounced, the ordinance of the dowry.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2

40:44

فَسَتَذْكُرُونَ مَآ أَقُولُ لَكُمْ ۚ وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِىٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَصِيرٌۢ بِٱلْعِبَادِ

"Soon will ye remember what I say to you (now), My (own) affair I commit to Allah: for Allah (ever) watches over His Servants."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, M, A, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْوِيضٌ , (Mgh, O, Msb,) He committed to him the thing, affair, or case; syn. رَدَّ (S, A, O, K,) or صَيَّرَ , (M,) or سَلَّمَ ; (Mgh, Msb;) abstaining from contention, or litigation; (Mgh;) and made him arbiter thereof. (TA.) It is said in the Kur [xl. 47], (TA,) وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِى إِلَى اللّٰه (A, TA) And I commit my case unto God, making Him arbiter thereof. (TA.) التَّفْوِيضُ فِى النِّكَاحِ , (S, O,) or نِكَاحُ التَّفْوِيضِ , (TA,) is The giving [a woman] in marriage without [requiring] a dowry. (S, O, TA.) You say, فوّض المَرْأَةِ He gave the woman in marriage without [requiring] a dowry. (K.) And فَوَّضَتْ بُضْعَهَا إِلَى زَوْجِهَا , (Mgh,) or فَوَّضَتْ نِكَاحَهَا إِلَى الزَّوْجِ , (Msb,) She married herself to her husband without a dowry: (Mgh, Msb:) or فَوَّضَتْ signifies She gave up, or renounced, the ordinance of the dowry. (Msb.)

Form 3مُفَاضَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — partnership in everything; mixing socially; being coequal; competing in an affairgenerated

3.1partnership in everything, in which everything is common property—شِرْكَةُ المُفَاوَضَةِ

It means being partner, or partners, in everything; [as though each of two persons, or every one of more than two, committed all that he had to the other, or others;] as also تَفَاوُضٌ. See form 6.

Opposed to شِرْكَةُ العِنَانِ, which is partnership in one thing; or it is the partnership of two persons in all that they possess; or the partnership of two persons in all that is in their hands, or that they may afterwards acquire, which is null and void according to Esh-Shāfiʿī but allowable according to Aboo-Ḥaneefeh and his two companions [Aboo-Yoosuf and Moḥammad].

I was partner with him in all the property we both possessed together—شَارَكْتُهُ شِرْكَةَ مُفَاوَضَةٍ

the conversing and conferring of the learned on matters of science—مُفَاوَضَةُ العُلَمَآءِ

Each of two persons receiving what the other had to communicate, and giving what he himself had to the other, as though each committed what he had to his companion.

3.1.1

Mixing together [in social intercourse].

3.1.2

Being coequal.

3.1.3he competed with him, and did as he did, in the affair—فَاوَضَهُ فِى أَمْرِهِ

Competing in an affair.

Also فِى كَذَا.

Synonym جَارَاهُ. [Golius read جازاه, which led him to assign a wrong meaning to فاوض, and Freytag copied this inadvertently.]

I competed with him—فَاوَضْتُهُ

Synonym جَارَيْتُهُ and كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا مُفَاوَضَةٌ [There was competing between the two of them].

Show Lane's original text

signifies The being copartner, or copartners, in everything; (O, K;) [as though each of two persons, or every one of more than two, committed all that he had to the other, or others;] as also تَفَاوُضٌ . (K.) [See 6.] Hence, (TA,) شِرْكَةُ المُفَاوَضَةِ Copartnership in everything; (Lth, M, S, A, * Mgh, * TA;) in which everything is common property; (Lth, M, TA;) opposed to شِرْكَةُ العِنَانِ , which is copartnership in one thing: (Lth:) or copartnership of two persons in all that they possess: (Msb:) or copartnership of two persons in all that is in their hands, or that they may afterwards acquire; which is null and void accord. to Esh-Sháfi'ee, but allowable accord. to Aboo-Haneefeh and his two companions [Aboo-Yoosuf and Mohammad]. (TA.) You say, شَارَكْتُهُ شِرْكَةَ مُفَاوَضَةٍ I was copartner with him in all the property that we both together possessed. (Az, TA.) Hence also, (TA,) مُفَاوَضَةُ العُلَمَآءِ The conversing and conferring of the learned on matters of science; each of two persons receiving what the other had [to communicate], and giving what he himself had to the other; as though each committed what he had to his companion. (O, * TA.) The commixing [in social intercourse]. (A.) The being coequal. (A, O, K.) The competing ( مُجَارَاةٌ ) in an affair. (K.) You say, فَاوَضَهُ فِى أَمْرِهِ , (S, O, TA,) or فِى كَذَا , (Mgh,) He competed with him, ( جَارَاهُ , S, Mgh, O, TA, [for which Golius has read جازاه , whence he has been led to assign to فاوض a wrong meaning, which Freytag has inadvertently copied,]) and did like as he did, (Mgh,) in his affair, (S, TA,) or in such an affair. (Mgh.) And فَاوَضْتُهُ I competed with him; syn. جَارَيْتُهُ : and كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا مُفَاوَضَةٌ [There was, between them two, competing]. (A.)

Form 6تَفَاْوَضَ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — they shared everything as partners; they conversed together; they competed in an affairgenerated

6.1the two partners shared the property altogether—تَفَاوَضَ الشَّرِيكَانِ فِى المَالِ

the two partners were coequal—تفاوض الشريكان

on this sense See form 3.

6.1.1they conversed and conferred together—تفاوضوا

Every one receiving what the others had to communicate, and giving what he himself had to the others. See form 3.

6.1.2

Also: they mixed together in social intercourse. See form 3 again.

6.1.3they discoursed together; they began, or entered upon, discourse—تفاوضوا الحَدِيثَ

See an example in a verse cited in the first paragraph of the article زهو.

6.1.4they competed in the affair—تفاوضوا فِى الأَمْرِ

فَاوَضَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: every one doing like as the others did.

Show Lane's original text

see 3. You say, تَفَاوَضَ الشَّرِيكَانِ فِى المَالِ The two partners were sharers in the property altogether: (S, O, TA:) or تفاوض الشريكان signifies the two partners were coequal. (A, Mgh.) [Hence, تفاوضوا They conversed and conferred together; every one receiving what the others had to communicate, and giving what he himself had to the others: see 3. And They mixed together in social intercourse: see, again, 3.] تفاوضوا الحَدِيثَ They [discoursed together; or] began, or commenced, or entered upon, discourse. (M, Msb.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in the first paragraph of art. زهو .] Also, تفاوضوا فِى الأَمْرِ They competed ( فَاوَضَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا , [every one doing like as the others did,]) in the affair. (S, O, K.)

Derived nouns 6

Nounفَوْضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — partnership, sharing in commongenerated

A noun from مُفَاوَضَةٌ [apparently meaning partnership, and the like].

Show Lane's original text

a subst. from مُفَاوَضَةٌ (O, TA) [signifying, app., Copartnership: &c.].

Nounقَوْمٌ فَوْضَى2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a party of men who are equals, having no chief; scattered; mixed togethergenerated

1the people are equals in this; no distinction is to be made between them—النَّاسُ فَوْضَى فِى هٰذَا

A party, or company, of men who are equals, having no chief; or separated, in a state of dispersion, فوضى being the plural of فَائِضٌ, which is not in use; or mixed, one with another, in which sense فوضى is also applied to a number of ostriches; or having no commander, nor any to collect them together; or mixed, and having no commander over them.

the party of men came mixed together—جَآءَ القَوْمُ فَوْضَى

the wild animals are scattered, going to and fro—الوَحْشُ فَوْضَى

their possessions are property that they share among themselves—أَمْوَالُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ

Also فَيْضُوضَآءُ and فَيْضُوضَى.

their goods are common property among them—مَتَاعُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ

Also فَوْضَى فَضًا.

the property is promiscuous among them; whoever of them wants a thing takes it—المَالُ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ

Kheyber was promiscuous common property among the Companions, not divided—كَانَتْ خَيْبَرُ فَوْضَى

1.1their case is mixed, or promiscuous; or it is equal among them—أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى

Also فَوْضَآءُ, or فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ and فَيْضَى.

Or أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ, or فَوْضُوضَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ, or both, mean: their case is mixed, or promiscuous, every one of them making free use of what belongs to another, one wearing the garment of another and one eating the food of another, none of them consulting his companion about what he does without his order.

[See a similar phrase under مَشْوَرَةٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

A party, or company, of men who are equals, having no chief: (S, O, Msb, K:) or separated, or in a state of dispersion; (Lth, O, K;) فوضى being pl. of فَائِضٌ , which is not in use: (Lth, O:) or mixed, (S, O, M, K,) one with another; (S, O, K;) in which sense, also, فوضى is applied to a number of ostriches: (S, O:) or having no commander, nor any to collect them together: (M:) or mixed, and having no commander over them. (A.) You say, النَّاسُ فَوْضَى فِى هٰذَا The people are equals in this; there is no distinction to be made between them. (Mgh.) And جَآءَ القَوْمُ فَوْضَى The party, or company, of men came mixed together. (S.) And الوَحْشُ فَوْضَى The wild animals are in a state of separation, or dispersion, (O, TA,) going to and fro. (TA.) أَمْوَالُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ Their possessions are property which they share among themselves; as also فَيْضُوضَآءُ and فَيْضُوضَى . (S.) And مَتَاعُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ , and فَوْضَى فَضًا , Their goods are common property among them. (M.) And المَالُ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ The property is promiscuous among them: whosoever desireth of them a thing taketh it. (Msb.) And كَانَتْ خَيْبَرُ فَوْضَى Kheyber was promiscuous (Mgh) common property (Mgh, Msb) among the Companions; not divided. (Msb.) أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى , and فَوْضَآءُ , (M,) or فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ , and فَيْضَى , (TA,) Their case is mixed, or promiscuous: or is equal among them: (Lh, M, TA:) or أَمْرُهُمْ فَوْضَى بَيْنَهُمْ , (AZ, O, K,) or فَوْضُوضَآءُ بَيْنَهُمْ , (TA,) or both, (O, TA,) Their case is mixed, or promiscuous, (AZ, O, K,) every one of them making free use of that which belongs to another, (K,) one wearing the garment of another, and one eating the food of another, none of them consulting his companion respecting that which he does without his order. (AZ, O.) [See a similar phrase voce مَشْوَرَةٌ .]

Nounفَوْضَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — shared in common among them; common propertygenerated

See فوضى, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text

: and see فوضى , last sentence.

Nounفَوْضُوضَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — shared in common among them; common propertygenerated

See فوضى, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text

: see فوضى , last sentence.

Nounتَفْوَاضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — remains of lifegenerated

1[I saw the remains of life in such a one]—رَأَيْتُ التَّفْوَاضَةَ لِفُلَانٍ

Remains of life.

Also بِفُلَانٍ.

Show Lane's original text

Remains of life: (O, TA:) so in the saying, رَأَيْتُ التَّفْوَاضَةَ لِفُلَانٍ (O) or بِفُلَانٍ (TA) [I saw the remains of life pertaining to, or in, such a one].

Nounمُفَوِّضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a woman who marries without a dowrygenerated

A woman who marries herself to her husband without a dowry; or who gives up, or renounces, the ordinance of the dowry.

According to some the word is مُفَوَّضَةٌ, meaning married by her guardian without the naming of the dowry; or meaning one who has the affair of the dowry committed to her by the law, so that she may make it obligatory or annul it; or meaning married without the mention of a dowry, or on the condition of her having no dowry.

Show Lane's original text

A woman who marries herself to her husband without a dowry: (Mgh, Msb:) or who gives up, or renounces, the ordinance of the dowry: (Msb:) or, accord. to some, the word is مُفَوَّضَةٌ , (Mgh, Msb,) meaning married by her guardian without the naming of the dowry: (Mgh:) or meaning having the affair of the dowry committed to her by the law, so that she may make it obligatory or annul it: (Msb:) or meaning married without the mention of a dowry, or on the condition of her having no dowry. (KT.)