فرق

and in one dialect فَرِقَ; maṣdar فَرْغٌ and فُرْقَانٌ, the latter more intensive in meaning. He made a separation, or a distinction, or difference, between the two things, or between the parts of the two things; applying alike to things seen and to things perceived by the mind.

IAar, by the examples he gives, makes it relate particularly to objects of the mind, such as sayings, and فرّق to persons or material things; the same distinction is mentioned by Az. Others, however, say that the two verbs mean the same, but that the latter is more intensive.

In the Kur 5:28; according to one reading, فَٱفْرِقْ.

In the Kur 44:3; or, as Katádeh explains it, is decided.

In the phrase وَقُرآنًا فَرَقْنَاهُ in the Kur 17:107. Some read فَرَّقْنَاهُ, meaning we have sent it down in separate portions, over a number of days.

In the Kur 2:47; the same as فَلَقْنَاهُ. IJ mentions another reading, فَرَّقْنَا, meaning we divided it into several portions, but this is unusual.

It is also said that الفَرْقُ is for rectification, and التَّفْرِيقُ for vitiation.

So IJ, on the Kur 6:160; the like occurs in 30:31.

Some read فَرَقُوا دِيْنَهُمْ without teshdeed, meaning they have severed their religion from the other religions [app. by taking it in part, or parts, from them]; or, IJ says, this may mean the same as the former reading, since فَعَلَ sometimes has the same meaning as فَعَّلَ.

So says IJ.

. Or it means: an affair presented itself, or occurred, to him, and he knew its mode, or manner; thus in the TA, as from the K, but it is not in the CK nor in Lane's manuscript copy of the K.

In a tradition of I'Ab.

.

the same as ذَرَقَ, which is said of a bird, and sometimes of a man.

[See also أَفْرَقَ.]

And he possessed a فِرْق [q. v.] of sheep or goats. According to the K, of date-stones with which to feed camels; but the first explanation is the right one.

also افرقها.

.

maṣdar فَرَقٌ.

But you should not say فَرِقْتُكَ. Sb, however, mentions فَرِقَهُ, with مِنْ suppressed.

. [The wave is termed فِرْقٌ.]

According to the K it is the same verb as above, but according to Sgh in the O the context suggests this form.

Maṣdar تَفْرِيقٌ and تَفْرِقَةٌ. He separated it into several, or many, portions; he disunited a thing, or a collection of things; or he dispersed or dissipated it, or did so widely; the same as بَدَّدَهُ.

See form 1, in its first half, in five places.

In a tradition of 'Omar: [and make the one head two head,] by buying two animals with the price of one, so that when one dies the second remains.

Said in a tradition about the poor-rate. [The reason is that by either of these acts, in the case of cattle, the amount of the poor-rate may be diminished.]

In the Kur 2:96: whereby they might dissolve, break up, derange, or unsettle the state of union subsisting between the man and his wife, in respect of affairs and of the expression of opinion. El-Isbahánee: it is from التَفْرِيقُ as meaning تَشْتِيتُ الشَّمْلِ وَالكَلِمَةِ.

The same as شَتَّتَهُ; so in the S, in art. شت.

So in the K, in art. بق; see R. Q. 1 in that article.

In the Kur 2:130 and 3:78; the verb is allowably made to relate to احد, because this word [in negative phrases] imports a plural meaning.

on this sense See form 1 again, near its middle.

.

Lh mentions فَرَقْتُ الصَبِىَّ as meaning I frightened the boy, or child; but ISd says he thinks it to be فَرَّقْتُ.

Maṣdar مُفَارِقَةٌ and فِرَاقٌ. He separated himself from him, or it; or he left, forsook, or abandoned him, or it; or he forsook him while being forsaken by him. The same as بَايَنَهُ and قَاطَعَهُ and فَارَزَهُ (thus in the A, in art. فرز) and تَرَكَهُ (thus in the Msb, in art. ترك).

فَارَقَنِى فَفَرَقْتُهُ: see form 1, in its last quarter.

They left their camels in the place of pasture, and did not assist them in bringing forth, nor have them got with young.

IKh adds: quickly. Said of a sick person recovering from his sickness, of one fevered recovering from his fever, and of one smitten with the plague. Or it is said only of a disease that does not attack one more than once, such as smallpox and measles.

Said of a man, and of a bird, and of a beast of prey, and of a fox. [See also form 1, last quarter.]

افرقها: see form 1, in its last quarter.

أَفْرَقْتُهُ مِنْهُ: see form 2, last sentence.

Maṣdar تَفَرَّقٌ and تِفِرَّاقٌ, with two kesrehs, but according to the “Nawádir” of Lh تَفْرِيقٌ [and in the CK تَفْراق]. It was, or became, separated, or disunited; or separated widely, or into several or many portions; or dispersed, or dissipated: the contrary of تَجَمَّعَ.

افترق means the same, and so does انفرق; all are quasi-passives of فَرَّقْتُهُ. [Or rather the second and third have the former of the meanings mentioned above, and تفرّق the latter of them.]

IAar says that اِفْتَرَقَا is said of two sayings, as quasi-passive of فَرَقْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا, and تَفَرَّقَا of two men, as quasi-passive of فَرَّقْتُ بَيْنَهَمَا.

Esh-Sháfi'ee has used اِفْتَرَقَا of two persons buying and selling, and so have Ahmad Ibn-Hambal and Aboo-Haneefeh and Málik and others.

Said in a tradition; originally مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقْ أَبْدَانُهُمَا, for this is the proper meaning.

So in the S, in art. شذب and elsewhere.

So that he considered what its issues, or results, might be, saying at one time, I will do this, and at another time, I will do that: see أَجْمَعَ and شَتَّ; and افترق means the same: see an example under فَشَا in art. فشو.

So in the K, under شَالَ in art. شول.

They separated themselves, one from another; or they left, forsook, or abandoned one another.

It was, or became, separated, or divided. مُنْفَرَقٌ may be a maṣdar of it [like اِنْفِرَاقٌ], as well as a noun of place. See also form 5.

The same as اِنْفَلَقَ.

See form 5, first sentence, in three places, and also in its last sentence but one.

Originally a maṣdar, but often used as a simple noun meaning a distinction, or difference, between two things.

Also a certain bird, or flying thing; not mentioned by AHát in “the Book of Birds.”

And flax.

See also فَرَقٌ, in nine places.

See الفُرْقَانُ.

A piece, or portion, that is split or cleft from a thing; whence its use in the Kur 26:63. Also a portion of anything when it is separated; plural فِرَقٌ.

Or a portion of a thing that is separated, or dispersed; and this is said to be its meaning in the same verse of the Kur; plural أَفْرَاقٌ, like أَحْمَالٌ as plural of حِمْلٌ.

See also فِرْقَةٌ.

Also a mountain. And a hill, or mountain, or the like, such as is termed هَضْبَة.

Wideness of the space between the two central incisors of a man; and likewise between the two toe-nails of the camel. (Yaakoob)

And a division in the عُرْف [or comb] of the cock; and likewise in the forelock, and in the beard, of a man: plural أَفْرَاقٌ.

And sparseness, or a scattered state, of the plants, or herbage, of a land.

It is also the maṣdar of فَرِقَ [q. v.: when used as a simple noun, meaning fear, or fright].

Also, and فَرْقٌ, a certain vessel, a measure of capacity of large size, well known, in El-Medeeneh, holding three آصُع [a plural of صَاعٌ]; the second form is according to the usage of the relaters of traditions, the first according to the usage of the Arabs, or the first is the more chaste, according to Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà and Khálid Ibn-Yezeed.

Or, in the K, app. referring to فَرْقٌ only, the same quantity, sixteen pints, that is, twelve times the quantity termed مُدّ by the people of El-Hijáz.

Or, according to El-Kutabee, the فَرْق is sixteen pints, and the صاع is one third of the فَرْق, but the فَرَق is eighty pints; or the فَرْق, he adds, is, as some say, four pints.

Or it is four أَرْبَاع [plural of رُبْعٌ, q. v.]; thus according to AHát.

And IAth says the فَرَق is said to be five أَقْسَاط [or six; ], the قِسْط being the half of a صاع, but the فَرْق is a hundred and twenty pints.

In the “Nawádir” of Hishám, on the authority of the Imám Mohammad, the فَرْق is said to be thirty-six pints; but [Mtr says] this I have not found in any of the lexicons in my possession; and the same applies to what is said in the Moheet, that it is sixty pints.

The plural is فُرْقَانٌ, which is a plural of فَرْقٌ and of فَرَقٌ; and أَفْرُقٌ occurs in a tradition as a plural of paucity of فَرَقٌ, meaning the measure so called.

'Áïsheh is related to have said that she and the Prophet used to wash themselves from a vessel called the فَرْق.

[In a verse of which a hemistich is cited in the S and TA, the plural فُرْقَان is used as meaning milking-vessels. On a modern meaning of فَرْق (a bale, or sack, of merchandise), see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., iii, 378-9 and 382.]

See فَرُوقَةٌ, in two places.

Applied to plants, or herbage, meaning in a sparse, or scattered, state; or small, not covering the ground.

Or فَرِقَةٌ is applied to land, meaning land whose plants, or herbage, are in a sparse, or scattered, state, not contiguous; thus used, it is a possessive adjective, having no verb.

See also فَرُوقَةٌ, in two places.

The noun from فَارَقَهُ, or from اِفْتَرَقَ; that is, a quasi-maṣdar used in the sense of اِفْتِرَاقٌ, meaning separation, disunion, or abandonment.

فَرَاقٌ means the same, whence this reading in the Kur 18:77.

And so is فِرَاقٌ, which [is a maṣdar of فارقه and], in the Kur 75:28, means the time of the quitting of the present world by death.

A طَائِفَة [or party, portion, division, sect, or distinct body or class] of men, and of other things; as also فِرْقٌ, and so, according to IB, فَرِيقٌ [but see this last word]. [And a separate herd or the like of cattle.]

Plural فِرَقٌ; and أَفْرَاقٌ is a plural of فِرَقٌ, and أَفَارِيقُ is a plural of أَفْرَاقٌ; and أَفَارِقَةٌ occurs in poetry, or أَفَارِيقُ may be of the class of أَبَاطِيلُ, a plural without a singular.

And a skin that is full [of milk], which cannot be agitated to make butter حَتَّى أَىْ يُذْرَقَ يُفْرَقَ [app. a figurative phrase meaning until it is made to void some of its contents].

Originally a maṣdar. [See form 1, first sentence.] Anything that makes a separation, or distinction, between truth and falsity.

It is also a plural of فَرْقٌ and of فَرَقٌ.

This and فِرَاقٌ: see فُرْقَةٌ.

See فَرُوقَةٌ, in two places.

And see أَفْرَقُ, last sentence but two.

A طَائِفَة [or party, etc.] more in number, or larger, than a فِرْقَة.

Plural of paucity أَفْرِقَةٌ; plurals of multitude أَفْرِقَآءُ and فُرُوقٌ and فُرُقٌ. See also فِرْقَةٌ, in two places; and see فِرْقٌ.

AHei says that it is itself an ism jamʿ, applied to few and to many; 'Abd-el-Hakeem, that it occurs in the sense of a طَائِفَة [or party, etc.], and in the sense of a single man; and El-Isbahánee, that it means a company of men apart from others [that is, a party of men], or [simply] a company [of men].

Also a palm-tree in which is [app. meaning out of which grows] another.

This word, applied to a man and to a woman, and having no plural, and فَرُّوقَةٌ, applied to a man (Ibn-'Abbád) and to a woman, and فَارُوقَةٌ, applied to a man and to a woman, or, as adjectives applied to a man, فَرُوقَةٌ and فَرُّوقَةٌ and فَارُوقَةٌ and فَرُوقٌ — but this last is also applied to a woman — and فَرُّوقٌ and فَارُوقٌ: one who fears much, or violently. [Or rather the epithets with the affix ة are doubly intensive, meaning one who fears very much.]

And فَرِقٌ and فَرُقٌ mean the same as the other adjectives above; or فَرُقٌ means fearing, or fearful, by nature, and فَرِقٌ [simply] fearing a thing.

A proverb, said by Málik Ibn-'Amr Ibn-Mohallam when Leyth, his brother, looked hopefully at the clouds from afar and wished to take advantage of the good they promised; Málik said to him, “Do not, for I fear for you some of the troops of the Arabs;” but he disobeyed him, and journeyed with his family; and he had not stayed away a little while when he came back, and his family had been taken. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 535.]

That is, الحُرْمَةُ; [in the CK الحُزْمَةُ]. So Sh was told.

And [so, app., الفَرُوقُ, for] he cites as an example: [His foolishness and his stupidity did not leave him, nor meanness, so that his honour was violated]

And the fat of the kidneys; so says A'Obeyd, on the authority of El-Umawee; but Sh disallowed this meaning, and did not know it.

See فِرْقٌ.

And dates cooked with fenugreek for the woman in the state following childbirth; or fenugreek cooked with grains [or kernels?], such as مَحْلَبْ [q. v.] and بير [app. a mistranscription] and other things, for her.

Or, according to IKh, a soup that is made for one who is affected with a chronic disease, or wasted by disease so as to be at the point of death. [See also فَلِيقَةٌ.]

See فَرُوقَةٌ, first sentence.

See فَرُوقَةٌ, first sentence, in two places.

[Ism fāʿil of فَرَقَ, q. v.]

Mentioned in the Kur 77:4. Er-Rāghib: or those that distinguish between what is allowable and what is forbidden; or that make a distinction between things according as God has commanded them.

A thing that makes a distinction between two things; and a man who makes a distinction between truth and falsity; or one who makes a distinction between affairs, or cases.

الفَارُوقُ is an appellation that was given to 'Omar Ibn-El-Khattáb, the second of the Khaleefehs, because a distinction was made by him between truth and falsity. (Ibráheem El-Harbee)

See also فَرُوقَةٌ, first sentence.

See فَرُوقَةٌ, first sentence, in two places.

Applied to a man: having a wide space between the two central incisors; [or] the same as أَفْلَجُ. [But the CK has الأَفْلَحُ instead of الأَفْلَجُ.]

Or, according to Lth, the أَفْرَق is like the أَفْلَج, except that the افلج is one that has been made so, while the افرق is so naturally.

And a camel having a wide space between the two toe-nails. (Yaakoob) And having a wide space between the buttocks. And a he-goat having a wide space between his horns. And a ram, or he-goat, having a wide space between his testicles.

And [the feminine] فَرْقَآءُ: a ewe, or she-goat, having a wide space between the two teats.

[Separate, or scattered, portions or things; and separate times.]

A proverb: [Truly you are better than the several portions of the staff]

— said by a poet, or by Ghaneeyeh, or Ghuneiyeh, El-Aarábeeyeh, to her son.

For he was evil in disposition, [عازِمًا in the CK is a mistake for عَارِمًا,] very mischievous, in spite of his weakness and the slenderness of his bones; and one day he assaulted a young man, who thereupon cut off his nose, and his mother took the mulct for it, so her condition became good after abasing poverty; then he assaulted another, who cut off his ear; and another, who cut off his lip; and his mother took the mulct for each; and when she saw how good her condition had become, and the camels and the sheep or goats and the household goods that she had acquired, she said this.

For from the staff, when it is broken, is made a سَاجُور [q. v.]; and from this are made tent-pegs; and from the tent-peg is made an عِرَان [q. v.]; and from this are made تَوَادٍ [plural of تَوْدِيَةٌ, q. v.].

This and مَفْرِقٌ: the middle of the head; the place where the hair of the head is parted. Plural مَفَارِقُ, which is used also in the sense of the singular, as though the singular applied to every part of it.

So in the Mgh, under ذَكَرٌ. [See also فَرْقٌ.]

A she-camel whose young one has become separated from her — as some say, by death: plural مَفَارِيقٌ. [Thus in my original, not مَفَارِقُ.]

See the word next preceding.

The disperser of the camels, or cattle: the small, stinking beast called ظَرِبَانِ, because when it emits a noiseless wind among the cattle, they disperse themselves.

See مُفْرِقٌ.

It is a noun of place as well as a maṣdar [of اِنْفَرَقَ]; and it is used by Ru-beh as meaning a place where a road divides.