فتق

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 7 · 18 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 1فَتَقَهُ7 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarفَتَقٌ

Core sense — he slit it, rent it open; he unsewed itgenerated

1.1

Muḍāriʿ فَتُقَ and فَتِقَ [the former being the more common]; maṣdar فَتْقٌ: he slit it, rent it open, or divided it lengthwise; he disjoined it; or he undid its sewing, unsewed it. The opposite of رَتَقَهُ and فتّقهُ.

The maṣdar تَفْتِيقٌ has the same meaning, but means that he did so much, or many times.

Said of the heavens and the earth in the Qur'ān 21:31: كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَا [explained in art. رتق].

1.1.1figurative · مجازthe causing of disunion and dissension among the community of the Muslims—الفَتْقُ

It includes war breaking out among them after they had verbally agreed about war on the frontier or about something else, with wounds and bloodshed following.

such a one caused disunion and dissension among them—فَتَقَ فُلَانٌ بَيْنَهُمْ

1.1.2figurative · مجاز

Sometimes it means the dissolving of a compact, or covenant.

1.1.3he put leaven into the dough—فَتَقَ العَجِينَ

The leaven meant is that termed فِتَاق.

1.1.4he drew forth the odour of the musk, or increased its fragrance—فَتَقَ المِسْكَ

maṣdar فَتْقٌ. [In the TA the next instance has فَتَقَ, clearly a copyist's error.]

by mixing it with something else—بِغَيْرِهِ

he made the perfume fragrant by mixing it with aloes-wood and the like—فَتَقَ الطِّيبَ

he made the oil fragrant by mixing it with aloes-wood and the like—الدُّهْنَ

1.2the woman became such as is termed فَتْقَآء—فَتِقَتِ المَرْأَةُ

. The opposite of رَتِقَت.

1.2.1figurative · مجازthe year was, or became, abundant with herbage—فَتِقَ العَامُ

Abu-l-Jowzà relates that the people were afflicted with drought and complained to 'Áïsheh, who told them to make an opening towards the sky in the tomb of the Prophet. They did so, and it rained, so that the herbage grew and the camels became so fat that they were swollen in the flanks; from this the year was called عَامُ الفَتَقِ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

21:30

أَوَلَمْ يَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَـٰهُمَا ۖ وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ ٱلْمَآءِ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَىٍّ ۖ أَفَلَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Do not the Unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were joined together (as one unit of creation), before we clove them asunder? We made from water every living thing. Will they not then believe?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, O, Msb, K,) aor. فَتُقَ and فَتِقَ , [the former of which is the more common,] (Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْقٌ , (S, O, Msb,) He slit it, rent it, rent it asunder or open, or divided it lengthwise: (S, O, K:) disjoined it, or disunited it: (TA:) or undid the sewing of it, unsewed it, or unstitched it: (Msb:) contr. of رَتَقَهُ : (O, TA:) and فتّقهُ , (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْتِيقٌ , (S, O,) is like it in signification, (S, O, Msb, K,) but means he did so much, or many times. (Msb.) It is said of the heavens and the earth, in the Kur [xxi. 31], كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنَاهُمَا [expl. in art. رتق ]. (O, TA.) And (hence, TA) الفَتْقُ signifies The effecting of disunion and dissension among the community (T, S, O, K, TA) of the Muslims, (T, TA,) and the befalling of war (S, O, K, TA) among them, (S, O,) after verbal agreement respecting war on the frontier, or some other thing, (T, TA,) with the occurring of wounds and bloodsheddings. (TA.) One says, فَتَقَ فُلَانٌ بَيْنَهُمْ Such a one effected disunion, &c., between them, or among them, (TK.) And sometimes it means The dissolving of a compact, or covenant. (TA.) فَتَقَ العَجِينَ He put leaven such as is termed فِتَاق [q. v.] into the dough. (Lth, O, K.) فَتَقَ المِسْكَ , (S, O, TA,) aor. فَتُقَ , (PS, [in the TA in the next following instance فَتَقَ , an evident mistranscription,]) inf. n. فَتْقٌ , He drew forth the odour of the musk [or increased its fragrance] بِغَيْرِهِ by the admixture of some other thing: (S, O, TA:) and فَتَقَ الطِّيبَ , and الدُّهْنَ , he rendered fragrant, and mixed, [or rendered fragrant by mixing,] with aloes-wood &c., the perfume, and the oil. (TA.) فَتِقَتِ المَرْأَةُ , aor. فَتَقَ , (TK,) inf. n. فَتَقٌ , (S, Mgh, O, K, TK,) The woman was, or became, such as is termed فَتْقَآء ; (S, Mgh, O, K;) contr. of رَتِقَت . (TK.) And فَتِقَ العَامُ , aor. فَتَقَ , inf. n. فَتَقٌ , The year was, or became, abundant with herbage. (S, * O, * K, TA.) It is related by Abu-l-Jowzà that the people were afflicted with drought, and complained to 'Áïsheh, who directed them to make an aperture towards the sky in the tomb of the Prophet, and they did so, and thereupon it rained so that the herbage grew, and the camels became fat to such a degree that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks ( تَفَتَّقَتْ ); whence it [the year] was called عَامُ الفَتَقِ . (O, TA.)

Form 2فَتَّقَ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he slit it in many places; he rectified the languagegenerated

2.1

See the first sentence of the preceding entry.

2.1.1

See also فُتُقٌ.

2.1.2figurative · مجازhe rectified the language, or trimmed it and removed its faults—فتّق الكَلَامَ

Or, as Zj says, he made its meaning clear.

Show Lane's original text

see the preceding paragraph, first sentence: and see also فُتُقٌ . فتّق الكَلَامَ He rectified the language; or trimmed it, and removed its faults, or defects: or, as Zj says, he made its meaning clear. (TA.)

Form 4افتق7 senses · 3 main

Core sense — the clouds parted and the sun appeared; he came upon a rainless placegenerated

4.1

Said of a man, or of a party of men: his, or their, beasts had become fat, so that they were swollen in the flanks because of the abundance of the herbage. Mentioned by AA.

4.1.1

Said of the upper limb of the sun [apparently when it is a little above the eastern horizon]: it reached a rent in the clouds and appeared through it.

Said of the moon: it appeared, after being hidden, between two black clouds.

4.1.2

Also, said of a party of men: the clouds parted from over them.

4.1.3we found, or lighted on, a فَتْق—أَفْتَقْنَا

That is, a place on which rain had not fallen when it had fallen on what was around it.

It also means: no rain had fallen on our part of the country when other parts had rain.

4.1.4figurative · مجازhe went out to a فَتْق, an open and spacious place—افتق

A verb in this sense like أَصْحَرَ and أَفْضَى.

4.2figurative · مجاز

Also: he became harassed by فُتُوق, meaning such evils as poverty, debt, hunger and disease.

4.3

And: he cleaned his teeth with the فِتَاق, the stem, or lower part, of the raceme of a palm-tree.

Show Lane's original text

, said of a man, (TA,) or of a party of men, (O,) He was one, or they were persons, whose beasts were become fat (O, K, TA) so that they became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks ( تَفَتَّقَتْ ) (O, TA) by reason of the abundance of the herbage: (TA:) mentioned by AA. (O, TA.) Said of the upper limb ( قَرْن ) of the sun [app. when a little above the eastern horizon], It reached a rent ( فَتْق ) in the clouds, and appeared therefrom. (ISk, S, O, K.) And, said of the moon, It appeared, after concealment, between two black clouds. (IAar, TA.) Also, said of a party of men, They had the clouds parted asunder from [over] them. (S, O, K.) And أَفْتَقْنَا We found, or lighted on a فَتْق , i. e. a place upon which rain had not fallen when it had fallen upon what was around it. (S, O, K. *) And We had no rain fallen upon our parts of the country when other parts had rain fallen upon them. (TA.) And افتق He went forth to a فَتْق , or an open, and a spacious, place: (O, K, TA:) a verb, in this sense, similar to أَصْحَرَ and أَفْضَى . (O, TA.) Also He became harassed by فُتُوق , meaning such evils as poverty and debt (O, K, TA) and hunger (O, TA) and disease. (K, TA.) And He cleaned his teeth with the فِتَاق , or stem, or lower part, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (IAar, O, K. *)

Form 5تَفَتَّقَ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became slit; it became swollen in the flanks; he was profuse in speechgenerated

5.1

See form 7.

5.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe cattle became swollen in the flanks from fatness—تفتّقت المَاشِيَةُ

Of a camel one says تفتّق سِمَنًا.

the cattle became swollen in the flanks from fatness—انفتقت

When they become so they die; or sometimes they become free from the disease.

the flanks of the sheep, or goats, became dilated from much pasturing on herbs, or leguminous plants—تفتّقت خَوَاصِرُ الغَنَمِ

It is said in a description of the Prophet: ٱنْفِتَاقٌ كَانَ فِى خَاصِرَتَيْهِ, meaning there was in his flanks a flaccidity, or laxness; or a swollen state; or a dilatation, which is approved in men but disapproved in women.

5.1.2figurative · مجازhe was diffuse, or profuse, in speech—تفتّق بِالكَلَامِ

[As though bursting with it; see فُتُقٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

see 7. تفتّقت المَاشِيَةُ and انفتقت The cattle became swollen, or inflated, in the flanks, by reason of fatness: in consequence of their becoming so, they die; or, sometimes, they become free from the disease: (TA:) one says of a camel, تفتّق سِمَنًا . (As, S, O, K.) And تفتّقت خَوَاصِرُ الغَنَمِ The flanks of the sheep, or goats, became dilated by reason of much pasturing upon herbs, or leguminous plants. (TA.) It is said in a description of the Prophet, ٱنْفِتَاقٌ كَانَ فِى خَاصِرَتَيْهِ , (O, TA,) meaning [There was in his flanks] a flaccidity, or laxness: or a swollen, or an inflated, state: (O:) or a dilatation, which is approved in men, but disapproved in women. (TA.) تفتّق بِالكَلَامِ [see فُتُقٌ ] He was diffuse, or profuse, in speech [as though bursting therewith]. (TA.)

Form 7انفتق6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became slit, rent open; the clouds parted from before the sungenerated

7.1it became slit much, or in many places, or is said of a number of things—تفتّق

Quasi-passive of فَتَقَهُ: it became slit, rent open, or divided lengthwise; it became disjoined; or it became unsewed, or unstitched.

Quasi-passive of فتّقهُ.

7.1.1his armpits became chapped, or cracked—انفتقت آبَاطُهُ

Said of a fat child; mentioned in art. ضب.

7.1.2the clouds parted, and cleared away from before the sun—انفتق الغَيْمُ عَنِ الشَّمْسِ

the clouds cleared away from over the party of men—عَنِ القَوْمِ

7.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferreda calamity, misfortune, or disaster burst upon him—انفتقت عَلَيْهِ بَائِقَةٌ

Mentioned in art. بوق and elsewhere.

7.1.4she was seized with a disease between her udder and her navel—انفتقت

Said of a she-camel; the disease is termed فَتَقٌ and is caused by fatness. Sometimes she recovers from it, and sometimes she dies.

7.1.5

Derived nouns 13

Nounفَتْقٌ9 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a rent, a slit; a rupture, a hernia; a place on which no rain has fallengenerated

Maṣdar of فَتَقَهُ.

1.1

Used as a simple noun: a rent, a slit, or the like.

1.2figurative · مجازhe closed up the breach that was between them; he reconciled them—رَتَقَ فَتْقَهُمْ

And hence, a breach in society.

Or: he reformed, or amended, the state of things between them. Mentioned in art. رتق.

1.3

Hence also a rupture, a hernia: a certain malady; a protrusion in the thin, delicate, soft part of the belly.

A malady in the صِفَاق [meaning the peritoneum], consisting in a solution of the integument so that a rent takes place in it, and through this passes a strange body, or substance, that was confined within it before the rent; there is no cure for it, except for the case, which happens rarely, of children.

A disease that befalls a man in his intestines, consisting in a disruption of a place between these and his scrotum, so that a flatus collects between the two testicles and they become enlarged; in this case one says أَصَابَتْهُ رِيحُ الفَتْقِ.

Or a severing of the fat, or cellular substance, that encloses the testicles.

In the “Ghareebáni” it is termed فَتَق, with fet-h to the ت; this is said to be the form used by Az, and he explains it so.

Or it is a rending of the skin between the scrotum and the lower part of the belly, so that some of the intestines fall into the scrotum.

According to Ibráheem El-Harbee, a rupture of the bladder.

1.4a gap in the clouds—فَتَقٌ

And a rent in the clouds: see form 4.

Plural فُتُوقٌ.

1.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

And an open, spacious place.

1.6a land on which rain has not fallen when it has fallen on what is around it—فَتَقَةٌ

And a place on which rain has not fallen when it has fallen on what is around it; plural of the former فُتُوقٌ.

a year of little rain—عَامٌ ذُو الفُتُوقِ

See an example, from a rājiz, in the first paragraph of art. زل.

1.7figurative · مجازthe dawn; also the breaking of the dawn—فَتَقٌ

look at the breaking of the dawn—اُنْظُرْ إِلَى فَتَقِ الفَجْرِ

the dawn—الفَتِيقُ

Mentioned by El-Isbahánee, and in the B.

on this sense And the dawn.

1.8

See form 4, where a further meaning of the plural فُتُوقٌ is given.

Show Lane's original text

inf. n. of فَتَقَهُ . (S, O, Msb.) [Used as a simple subst., A rent, slit, or like. And hence, A breach in society.] One says, رَتَقَ فَتْقَهُمْ , meaning [He closed up the breach that was between them; he reconciled them; or] he reformed, or amended, the circumstances subsisting between them. (TA in art. رتق .) [Hence also A rupture; a hernia;] a certain malady; a protrusion in the thin, or delicate, and soft part of the belly; (S, O;) a malady in the صِفَاق [meaning peritonæum], consisting in a solution of the integument so that a rent takes place in it, and through this passes a strange body, or substance, that was confined within it before the rent; and there is no cure for it, except for that which happens, rarely, to children: (K:) a disease that befalls a man in his intestines, consisting in a disruption of a place between these and his scrotum, in consequence of which a flatus collects between the two testicles and they become enlarged; in which case one says, أَصَابَتْهُ رِيحُ الفَتْقِ : or a severing of the fat [or cellular substance] that encloses the testicles: in the “ Ghareebáni, ” it is termed فَتَق , with fet-h to the ت : (Mgh:) and thus it is said to be by Az, and thus it is expl. by him: (O:) or it is a rending of the skin between the scrotum and the lower part of the belly, in consequence of which [some of] the intestines fall into the scrotum: (TA:) accord. to Ibráheem El-Harbee, a rupture of the bladder. (O, TA.) [And A rent in the clouds: see 4:] and فَتَقٌ [likewise] signifies a gap of the clouds: pl. فُتُوقٌ . (TA.) And An open, and a spacious, place. (O, K.) And A place upon which rain has not fallen when it has fallen upon what is around it; (S, O, K;) and فَتَقَةٌ signifies thus, applied to a land: pl. of the former فُتُوقٌ . (TA.) [Hence,] عَامٌ ذُو الفُتُوقِ A year of little rain. (S, O, See an ex., from a rájiz, in the first paragraph of art. زل .) And The dawn; (O, K, TA;) and so فَتَقٌ : (S, O, K, TA:) signifying also the rising [or rather breaking] of the dawn; as in the saying, اُنْظُرْ إِلَى فَتَقِ الفَجْرِ [Look thou at the rising, or breaking, of the dawn]: and الفَتِيقُ likewise signifies the dawn; mentioned by El-Isbahánee, and in the B. (TA.) See also 4, last sentence but one, for a meaning of the pl. فُتُوقٌ .

Nounفَتَقٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — abundance of herbage in a yeargenerated

Maṣdar of فَتِقَت, said of a woman.

1.1

And of فَتِقَ, said of a year.

Used as a noun: see فَتْقٌ, in three places.

1.2

And see also form 7.

Show Lane's original text

[inf. n. of فَتِقَت said of a woman: and of فَتِقَ said of a year:] as a subst.: see فَتْقٌ , in three places: and see also 7.

Nounفُتُقٌ1 sense

Core sense — profuse in speech, loquacious, said of a womangenerated

1figurative · مجازdiffuse, or profuse, in speech, as though bursting with it—مُتَفَتِّقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ

Applied to a woman.

In the CK مُنْفَتِقَة.

Or loquacious; or, according to ISk, so applied to a woman who mars (تُفَتِّقُ, literally rends) matters in carrying them out.

Show Lane's original text

, applied to a woman, signifies مُتَفَتِّقَةٌ بِالكَلَامِ [Diffuse, or profuse, in speech, as though bursting therewith]: (S, O, K, TA; [in the CK مُنْفَتِقَة ;]) or loquacious: (TK:) or, accord. to ISk, so applied, that mars ( تُفَتِّقُ [lit. rends]) in [performing] affairs. (TA.)

Nounفَتَقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a land on which rain has not fallengenerated

See فَتْقٌ, in the last quarter of the article.

Show Lane's original text

: see فَتْقٌ , last quarter.

Nounفَتْقَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — wide, not constringed, said of a womangenerated

1having the فَرْج open, or wide, not constringed—مُنْفَتِقَةُ الفَرْجِ

Applied to a woman; the opposite of رَتْقَآءُ.

Show Lane's original text

, applied to a woman, means Having the فَرْج dehiscent; [or wide; not constringed;] مُنْفَتِقَةُ الفَرْجِ ; (S, O, K;) contr. of رَتْقَآءُ [q. v.]. (S, O.)

Nounفِتَاقٌ6 senses · 3 main

Core sense — the parting of the clouds from before the sun; leaven; the stem of a palm-racemegenerated

The parting asunder of the clouds from before the sun, and their clearing away from it.

1.1

And the upper limb, and the disk, of the sun, when it is covered over and then some of it appears.

Also the base, or lowest part, of the white membranous fibres of the palm-tree, which are termed لِيف, such as have not yet appeared. The face is likened to it because of its clearness.

2.1

And the main stem of the raceme of a palm-tree, or the lower part of that stem when the fruit-stalks have been cut off.

3figurative · مجاز

And the leaven of dough: a large lump of leaven that soon makes the dough mature when it is put into it.

3.1

And mixtures of medicaments compounded with oil of jasmine or the like, so that the odour spreads: or musk compounded with ambergris.

Show Lane's original text

The parting asunder ( اِنْفِتَاق ) of the clouds from [before] the sun, (O, K, TA,) and their becoming removed, or cleared away, therefrom. (TA.) And The upper limb ( قَرْن ), and the disk ( عَيْن ), of the sun, (O, K, TA,) when it is covered over and then somewhat of it appears. (TA.) Also The base, or lowest portion, of the white [membranous fibres of the palm-tree which are termed] لِيف , (O, K, TA,) such as have not yet appeared: (TA:) the face is likened thereto, because of its clearness. (O, TA.) And (accord. to IAar, O, TA) The main stem, or the lower part of the main stem when the fruit-stalks have been cut off, of the raceme of a palm-tree. (O, K, TA.) And The leaven of dough: (ISd, TA:) a large lump of leaven, that soon causes the dough to become mature (O, K, TA) when it is put therein. (O, TA.) And Mixtures of medicaments compounded (O, K, TA) with oil of jasmine or the like thereof, in order that the odour may diffuse itself: (O, TA:) or musk compounded with ambergris. (TA.)

Nounفَتِيقٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — slit, rent; sharp; a camel swollen in the flanks from fatnessgenerated

1slit, rent—مَفْتُوقٌ

an arrow-head having two forking portions—نَصْلٌ فَتِيقُ الشَّفْرَتَيْنِ

As though each of the two portions were slit from the other; or it may mean sharp in the two edges.

a sword sharp in the two edges—سَيْفٌ فَتِيقُ الغِرَارَيْنِ

a sharp sword—سَيْفٌ فَتِيقٌ

a sharp-tongued man—رَجُلٌ فَتِيقُ اللِّسَانِ

Or a man chaste, or eloquent, and sharp of tongue; or chaste, or eloquent, of tongue, and clear in speech.

1.1figurative · مجازthe shining dawn—الصُّبْحُ الفَتِيقُ

1.2