فتح

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Form 1فَتَحَ17 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarفَتْحٌ

Core sense — he opened it; he conquered a country; he judged between two partiesgenerated

1.1he opened a door—فتّح

. He opened, the same as فَرَجَ, and [app. he unlocked,] the opposite of أَغْلَقَ, said of a door.

he opened a door—افتتح

I opened the doors—فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ

This form has teshdeed to show that the objects are many.

he opened a door—استفتح

he opened a door—افتتح

I opened the thing—اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ الشَّىْءَ

It also means I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing.

I opened the thing—اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ

he came opening the door, or seeking the opening of the door—جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ البَابَ

The sense of seeking the opening is the more obvious one.

1.1.1such a one — the eye will not be opened upon the like of him—فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ

1.1.2I opened the conduit, so that the water might run and irrigate the seed-produce—فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ

Maṣdar as above.

1.1.3he made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs—فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ

Like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا; mentioned under رهو.

1.1.4he parted his toes—فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ

[Perhaps a mistake for فَتَخَ, as seems likely from the fact that it is explained as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i.e. the upper part, of his foot.

1.1.5she had wide orifices to her teats—فَتَحَتْ

Said of a she-camel, and of a sheep or goat.

she had wide orifices to her teats—افتحت

she had wide orifices to her teats—افتتحت

on this sense I do not find this in the K.

1.1.6

The meanings that follow are figurative.

1.1.7figurative · مجازhe conquered, won, or took by force a country of the unbelievers, or of a people at war with him—فَتَحَ

Maṣdar فَتْحٌ and افتتح.

[He laid it open by invasion, to such a person or such a people; for an example see طَرَفٌ.]

1.1.8figurative · مجاز — inferredhe granted it, permitted it, or left it unrestricted, to him—فَتَحَهُ لَهُ

See Ksh and Bd on 35:2.

Lane cites “Bd in xxxv. 2” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

1.1.9figurative · مجازhe explained, or made clear, what was doubtful or confused—فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ

open your secret to me, not to such a one—اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ

Lane cites “Bd in vii. 87” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

1.1.10figurative · مجاز — inferredhe taught him, informed him, or acquainted him—فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ

he taught him such a thing, or informed him of it—فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا

1.1.11figurative · مجازhe recited something to one who asked him to do so, that person being unable to do it—فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ ٱسْتَقْرَأَهُ

And hence: he prompted him — he recited to him what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], so that he might know it. Said of an Imám or of a reciter.

1.1.12figurative · مجاز

Said of God: he aided him against his enemy, or made him victorious; the same as نَصَرَهُ.

1.1.13figurative · مجازsuch a one became fortunate, favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances—فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ

1.1.14figurative · مجازGod bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains—فَتَحَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً

Said of people who have been rained upon.

1.1.15he judged between them—فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ

he judged between the men—بَيْنَ النَّاسِ

he judged between the two litigants—بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ

and فُتَاحَةٌ and فِتَاحَةٌ mean the same [app. as maṣdars]; and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ in the dialect of Himyer.

judge between us—اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا

So in the Qur 7:87.

how good is his judging, or his judgment!—مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ

Qur’ān 7:89 approximate — somewhere between 7:88 and 7:139 Lane cites “Kur vii. 87”

Qur’ān 7:89 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

قَدِ ٱفْتَرَيْنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنْ عُدْنَا فِى مِلَّتِكُم بَعْدَ إِذْ نَجَّىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنْهَا ۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَآ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَا ۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَىْءٍ عِلْمًا ۚ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوَكَّلْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا ٱفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ ٱلْفَـٰتِحِينَ

"We should indeed invent a lie against Allah, if we returned to your ways after Allah hath rescued us therefrom; nor could we by any manner of means return thereto unless it be as in the will and plan of Allah, Our Lord. Our Lord can reach out to the utmost recesses of things by His knowledge. In the Allah is our trust. our Lord! decide Thou between us and our people in truth, for Thou art the best to decide."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1.16he pronounced the letter with the fatḥa, and marked it with the sign of that vowel—فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ

[A conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology; the vowel-sound is the one termed فَتْح.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 5 shown of 16

15:14

وَلَوْ فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَابًا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَظَلُّوا۟ فِيهِ يَعْرُجُونَ

Even if We opened out to them a gate from heaven, and they were to continue (all day) ascending therein,

21:96

حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُتِحَتْ يَأْجُوجُ وَمَأْجُوجُ وَهُم مِّن كُلِّ حَدَبٍ يَنسِلُونَ

Until the Gog and Magog (people) are let through (their barrier), and they swiftly swarm from every hill.

48:1

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُّبِينًا

Verily We have granted thee a manifest Victory:

54:11

فَفَتَحْنَآ أَبْوَٰبَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَآءٍ مُّنْهَمِرٍ

So We opened the gates of heaven, with water pouring forth.

78:19

وَفُتِحَتِ ٱلسَّمَآءُ فَكَانَتْ أَبْوَٰبًا

And the heavens shall be opened as if there were doors,

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, MA, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. فَتَحَ , (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ , (Msb,) He opened, (MA,) i. q. فَرَجَ , (Msb,) and [app. he unlocked,] contr. of أَغْلَقَ , (Msb, K,) a door; (S, A, MA, Msb;) and so فتّح , and افتتح ; (K;) or you say فَتَّحْتُ الأَبْوَابَ [I opened the doors], this verb being with teshdeed to denote multiplicity [of the objects]; (S;) and استفتح signifies the same as افتتح ; (S, * K;) i. e. each of these signifies he opened a door; (TK;) you say اِسْتَفْتَحْتُ الشَّىْءَ and اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ [I opened the thing; and the former signifies also I sought, or demanded, the opening of the thing]; (S, TA;) and جَآءَ يَسْتَفْتِحُ البَابَ [He came opening the door; or seeking, or demanding, the opening of the door; the latter being the more obvious meaning]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] one says, فُلَانٌ لَا يُفْتَحُ العَيْنُ عَلَى مِثْلِهِ [Such a one, the eye will not be opened upon the like of him]. (A.) And فَتَحْتُ القَنَاةَ , inf. n. as above, I opened the conduit, in order that the water might run, and irrigate the seed-produce. (Msb.) And فَتَحَ بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ [He made an opening between his legs; he parted his legs; like فَرَجَ بَيْنَهُمَا ]. (S in art. رهو .) And فَتَحَ أَصَابِعَ رِجْلَيْهِ [app. He parted his toes; if not a mistake for فَتَخَ , as it seems probably to be from the fact of its being expl. as meaning] he inclined the ends of his toes towards the back, i. e. the upper part, of his foot. (Mgh.) فَتَحَتْ , said of a she-camel, [and of a sheep or goat (see فَتُوحٌ ),] She had wide orifices to her teats; as also افتحت ; (S, K;) and افتتحت . (TK: but this I do not find in the K.) [The following meanings are tropical.] فَتَحَ , (A, Msb, TA,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ ; (K;) and افتتح ; (K, TA;) [He laid open by invasion, to ( عَلَى ) such a person, or such a people, (see an ex. voce طَرَفٌ ,) i. e.] he conquered, won, or took by force, (Msb,) a country (A, Msb, K, TA) of the unbelievers, (A, TA,) or of a people with whom there was war. (K, TA.) [ فَتَحَهُ لَهُ He granted it, permitted it, allowed it, or made it to be unrestricted, to him. See Ksh and Bd in xxxv. 2.] فَتَحَ المُشْكِلَ He explained, or made clear, that which was dubious, or confused. (Bd in vii. 87.) And اِفْتَحْ سِرَّكَ عَلَىَّ لَا عَلَى فُلَانٍ [Open, or reveal, thy secret to me; not to such a one]. (A, TA.) [Hence,] فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ He taught him, informed him, or acquainted him. (TA.) [You say, فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ بِكَذَا He taught him such a thing, informed him of it, or acquainted him with it.] And hence, (TA,) [He prompted him; i. e.] he recited to him (namely, an Imám, A, Msb, or a reciter, A, TA) what he was unable to utter [by reason of forgetfulness], in order that he might know it. (Msb, TA. *) And فَتَحَ عَلَى مَنِ ٱسْتَقْرَأَهُ [He recited something to him who desired him to do so, the latter being unable to do it]. (TA.) And, said of God, He aided him against his enemy; or made him to be victorious, to conquer, or to overcome; syn. نَصَرَهُ . (A, Msb.) فُتِحَ عَلَى فُلَانٍ Such a one became fortunate; possessed of good fortune; favoured by the world, or by worldly circumstances. (A, TA.) فَتَحَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فُتُوحًا كَثِيرَةً is said of persons who have been rained upon [as meaning God bestowed upon them many, or abundant, first rains]. (A.) فَتَحَ بَيْنَهُمْ , (A,) or بَيْنَ النَّاسِ , (Msb,) or بَيْنَ الخَصْمَيْنِ , (K,) inf. n. فَتْحٌ , (T, Msb, K,) and فُتَاحَةٌ (S, * K) and فِتَاحَةٌ are syn. therewith [app. as inf. ns.], (K,) and فُتُوحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ , (L,) in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) He judged (T, Msb, K, TA) between them, (A,) or between the men, (Msb,) or between the two litigants. (K.) You say, اِفْتَحْ بَيْنَنَا Judge thou between us: (S:) thus in the Kur vii. 87. (TA.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ فِتَاحَتَهُ How good is his judging, or judgment ! (A.) [ فَتَحَ الحَرْفَ , a conventional phrase in grammar and lexicology, He pronounced the letter with the vowel-sound termed فَتْح : and he marked the letter with the sign of that vowel-sound.]

Form 2فتّح2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he opened it, said of many things; it opened the bowelsgenerated

2.1

See sense 1, first sentence, in two places.

2.1.1

Also, said of a medicine or the like: it opened the bowels, acting as an aperient; and it removed obstructions. See the ism fāʿil.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2

7:40

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا وَٱسْتَكْبَرُوا۟ عَنْهَا لَا تُفَتَّحُ لَهُمْ أَبْوَٰبُ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَا يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ حَتَّىٰ يَلِجَ ٱلْجَمَلُ فِى سَمِّ ٱلْخِيَاطِ ۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ

To those who reject Our signs and treat them with arrogance, no opening will there be of the gates of heaven, nor will they enter the garden, until the camel can pass through the eye of the needle: Such is Our reward for those in sin.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1, first sentence, in two places. [Also, said of a medicine &c., It opened the bowels; acted as an aperient: and it removed obstructions: see the act. part. n.]

Form 3فاتحهُ6 senses · 1 main

maṣdarمُفَاتَحَةٌ

Core sense — he addressed him first; he began a dispute with himgenerated

3.1figurative · مجازkings shall not be addressed first with speech—المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ

He addressed him first.

3.1.1figurative · مجاز

Maṣdar مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ: he began a dispute, debate, or controversy with him; or he summoned him to the judge and litigated with him.

3.1.2figurative · مجازhe bargained with him and gave him nothing—فاتحهُ

If he does give him something, one says فاتكهُ.

3.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe had sexual relations with his wife—فاتح

3.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: he made a thing easy.

3.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

And: he was liberal. (Freytag, from the Dīwān of the Hudhalees.)

Show Lane's original text

[He addressed him first]. One says, المُلُوكُ لَا تُفَاتَحُ بِالكَلَامِ [Kings shall not be addressed first with speech]. (A.) And, (A, K, * TA,) inf. n. مُفَاتَحَةٌ and فِتَاحٌ , He commenced a dispute, debate, discussion, or controversy, with him: (TA:) or he summoned him to the judge, and litigated with him. (A, K, * TA.) And فاتحهُ signifies also He bargained with him and gave him nothing: in the case of his giving him, one says فاتكهُ . (IAar, TA; and O and K in art. فتك .) And فاتح He compressed (K, TA) his wife. (TA.) [Also He rendered a thing easy: and He was liberal. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)]

Form 4أَفْتَحَ1 sense

Core sense — he opened itgenerated

4.1

See sense 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in the second quarter of the paragraph.

Form 5تَفَتَّحَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it opened, it burst open; he boasted, he made a vain displaygenerated

5.1the blossoms opened—تفتّح النَّوْرُ

the calyxes burst open—تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ

They opened from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them.

on this sense See sense 7, in three places.

5.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe boasted of, or made a vain display of, what he had of wealth, or of good education and polite accomplishments—تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ

[تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like the English phrase he showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech or talk.]

In the K, مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ.

he boasted of it against us—تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا

Show Lane's original text

see 7, in three places. [Hence,] تفتّح النَّوْرُ The blossom [or blossoms] opened. (MA.) And تفتّح الأَكِمَّةُ عَنِ النَّوْرِ The calyxes burst open [from over the blossoms, so as to disclose them]. (TA.) [ تفتّح فِى الكَلَامِ is like our phrase He showed off, or made an ostentatious display, in speech, or talk.] And you say, تفتّح بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ مَالٍ أَوْ أَدَبٍ (L, in the K مِنْ مُلْكٍ وَأَدَبٍ ,) He boasted of, or boasted himself in, or made a vain display of, what he had, or possessed, of wealth, or of good education, or polite accomplishments: (L, K: *) and تفتّح بِهِ عَلَيْنَا He boasted of it, or boasted himself in it, against us. (L.)

Form 6تَفَاتَحَا كَلَامًا بَيْنَهُمَا1 sense

Core sense — they two talked together in a low voice, apart from othersgenerated

6.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

They two talked together with a suppressed voice, apart from others, so as not to be heard by them.

Show Lane's original text

They two talked together with a suppressed voice, exclusively of others [i. e. so as not to be heard by others]. (K.)

Form 7انفتح2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it opened, it became opengenerated

7.1it opened, or became open—تفتّح

Quasi-passive of فَتَحَ. Said of a door: it opened, or became opened or open.

Or this form is the quasi-passive of فَتَّحَ.

the doors opened, or became open—تَفَتَّحَتِ الأَبْوَابُ

7.1.1it (anything) became removed from over another thing, so as to expose it to view—انفتح عَنْهُ

[تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]

Show Lane's original text

quasi-pass. of فَتَحَ , said of a door, (S, A, Msb, TA,) It opened, or became opened or open; (Msb;) as also تفتّح : (TA:) or the latter is quasi-pass. of فَتَّحَ , so that you say, تَفَتَّحَتِ الأَبْوَابُ [The doors opened, or became opened or open]. (S.) And انفتح عَنْهُ It (anything) became removed from over it, or from before it, (i. e. another thing,) so as to disclose it, or expose it to view. (TA.) [And تفتّح has a similar meaning, but is properly said of a number of things.]

Form 8إِفْتَتَحَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he opened it, he commenced itgenerated

8.1

See sense 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places.

8.1.1figurative · مجازhe opened, or commenced, prayer—افتتح الصَّلَاةَ

اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ means the saying of اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Qur-án].

I commenced it with such a thing—اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا

how good is that with which our year has commenced!—مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا ٱفْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ

Said when the sign of plenty, or of abundant herbage, has appeared.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, first sentence, in three places; and again, in the second quarter of the paragraph, in two places. One says also, افتتح الصَّلَاةَ (A, MA) He opened, or commenced, prayer: (MA:) اِفْتِتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ meaning The saying اَللّٰهُ أَكْبَرْ the first time [in prayer, i. e., before the first recitation of the Opening Chapter of the Kur-án]. (TA.) And اِفْتَتَحْتُهُ بِكَذَا I commenced it with such a thing. (Msb.) And مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا ٱفْتُتِحَ عَامُنَا بِهِ [How good is that with which our year has commenced !]; said when the sign, or token, [or prognostic,] of plenty, or abundance of herbage, has appeared. (A, TA.)

Form 10إِسْتَفْتَحَ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he asked for it to be opened; he sought aid, or victorygenerated

10.1

See sense 1, first sentence, in three places.

10.1.1I shall come to the gate of Paradise and ask for it to be opened—آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ

A saying of Mohammad. (El-Jámiʿ es-Sagheer, the first of the traditions mentioned in it, and explained thus in the margin of a copy of that work.)

10.1.2figurative · مجازhe asked him to explain the Qur-án—استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ

10.1.3figurative · مجازthe Imám asked him to prompt him—استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ

That is, to recite to him what he was unable to utter through forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ.

10.1.4figurative · مجازhe sought, or asked for, aid against an enemy, or victory—استفتح

he sought aid, or victory, by means of them—استفتح بِهِمْ

he asked God to grant aid, or victory—استفتح ٱللّٰهَ

لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against the unbelievers].

10.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: he sought, desired, or asked for, judgment.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 10

2:89

وَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ كِتَـٰبٌ مِّنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ مُصَدِّقٌ لِّمَا مَعَهُمْ وَكَانُوا۟ مِن قَبْلُ يَسْتَفْتِحُونَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم مَّا عَرَفُوا۟ كَفَرُوا۟ بِهِۦ ۚ فَلَعْنَةُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَى ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

And when there comes to them a Book from Allah, confirming what is with them,- although from of old they had prayed for victory against those without Faith,- when there comes to them that which they (should) have recognised, they refuse to believe in it but the curse of Allah is on those without Faith.

8:19

إِن تَسْتَفْتِحُوا۟ فَقَدْ جَآءَكُمُ ٱلْفَتْحُ ۖ وَإِن تَنتَهُوا۟ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ ۖ وَإِن تَعُودُوا۟ نَعُدْ وَلَن تُغْنِىَ عَنكُمْ فِئَتُكُمْ شَيْـًٔا وَلَوْ كَثُرَتْ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

(O Unbelievers!) if ye prayed for victory and judgment, now hath the judgment come to you: if ye desist (from wrong), it will be best for you: if ye return (to the attack), so shall We. Not the least good will your forces be to you even if they were multiplied: for verily Allah is with those who believe!

14:15

وَٱسْتَفْتَحُوا۟ وَخَابَ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ عَنِيدٍ

But they sought victory and decision (there and then), and frustration was the lot of every powerful obstinate transgressor.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, first sentence, in three places. آتِى بَابَ الجَنَّةِ فَأَسْتَفْتِحُ is a saying of Mohammad, meaning I shall come to the gate of Paradise and seek, or demand, or ask for, the opening thereof. (El-Jámi' es-Sagheer, the first of the trads. mentioned therein, and thus expl. in the margin of a copy of that work.) استفتحهُ القُرْآنَ He desired, or asked, him to explain the Kur-án. (MA.) استفتحهُ الإِمَامُ [The Imám desired, or asked, him to prompt him; i. e., to recite to him what he was unable to utter by reason of forgetfulness: see فَتَحَ عَلَيْهِ ]. (A, TA.) And استفتح signifies also He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, aid against an enemy, or victory. (S, Msb, K.) One says, استفتح بِهِمْ He sought, &c., aid, or victory, by means of them. (L, from a trad.) And استفتح ٱللّٰهَ (A, TA) He desired, or asked, God to grant aid, or victory, (TA,) لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الكُفَّارِ [to the Muslims against, or over, the unbelievers]. (A.) Also He sought, desired, demanded, or asked, judgment. (L.)

Derived nouns 21

Nounفَتْحٌ9 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an opening; conquest of a country; aid, or victory; the first raingenerated

Maṣdar of فَتَحَ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe day of the conquest of Mekkeh—يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ

As a noun: conquest of a country. Plural فُتُوحٌ [and plural of the plural فُتُوحَاتٌ].

Mujáhid: it also means the day of resurrection.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Aid against an enemy, or victory; the same as نَصْرٌ; and فَتَاحَةٌ has the same meaning.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid. Plural as above.

1.4figurative · مجازfirst rains fell upon the land—أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ

The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ; and so فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]. Or the first of any rain; and so فُتْحَةٌ.

Plural of the first فُتُوحٌ, or فَتُوحٌ, with fet-h to the ف [see the mention of this under فَيْحٌ]; but MF strongly condemns this latter form, and remarks that فَعُولٌ as a plural measure is entirely unknown.

1.5figurative · مجازin the case of what is irrigated by a channel opened to bring it the water of the river, the tithe of the produce is to be taken—مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ

فَتْحًا is here in the accusative as a maṣdar, i.e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا. The phrase occurs in a tradition, and relates to the several sorts of seed-produce and to palm-trees.

in the case of what is irrigated by a channel opened to bring it the water of the river, the tithe of the produce is to be taken—مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا

Water running from a spring or other source; or water running upon the surface of the earth; or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land to irrigate it; or a river, rivulet, or canal of running water.

1.6

The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head of an arrow, where it enters the shaft. Plural as above.

1.7

The fruit of the tree called نَبْع, resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [the fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by people.

1.8

[As a term in grammar and lexicology: a certain well-known vowel-sound; and فَتْحَةٌ means the sign of that vowel-sound.]

Qur’ānic occurrences فَتْح 5 shown of 12

26:118

فَٱفْتَحْ بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَتْحًا وَنَجِّنِى وَمَن مَّعِىَ مِنَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

"Judge Thou, then, between me and them openly, and deliver me and those of the Believers who are with me."

32:28

وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هَـٰذَا ٱلْفَتْحُ إِن كُنتُمْ صَـٰدِقِينَ

They say: "When will this decision be, if ye are telling the truth?"

32:29

قُلْ يَوْمَ ٱلْفَتْحِ لَا يَنفَعُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِيمَـٰنُهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يُنظَرُونَ

Say: "On the Day of Decision, no profit will it be to Unbelievers if they (then) believe! nor will they be granted a respite."

48:1

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُّبِينًا

Verily We have granted thee a manifest Victory:

110:1

بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلْفَتْحُ

When comes the Help of Allah, and Victory,

Show Lane's original text

inf. n. of فَتَحَ [q. v.]. (Msb, &c.) [As a subst.,] Conquest of a country: (K, TA:) pl. فُتُوحٌ (TA) [and pl. pl. فُتُوحَاتٌ ]. يَوْمٌ الفَتْحِ means particularly The day of the conquest of Mekkeh: (L:) and also The day of resurrection. (Mujáhid, L.) Aid against an enemy; or victory; syn. نَصْرٌ ; as also فَتَاحَةٌ . (K.) Means of subsistence, with which God gives aid: pl. as above. (TA.) The first of the rain called الوَسْمِىّ ; (L, K;) as also فَتُوحٌ [which see again in what follows]: (K:) or the first of any rain; as also فُتْحَةٌ : (L:) pl. of the first فُتُوحٌ , (A,) or فَتُوحٌ , with fet-h to the ف , (L,) [see the mention of this voce فَيْحٌ ,] but MF strongly reprobates this latter form, and observes that فَعُولٌ as a pl. measure is absolutely unknown. (TA.) One says, أَصَابَتِ الأَرْضُ فُتُوحٌ [First rains fell upon the land]. (A.) Water running (S, K, TA) from a spring or other source: (S, TA:) or water running upon the surface of the earth: (AHn, TA:) or water for which a channel is opened to a tract of land for its irrigation thereby: (L:) or a river, or rivulet, or canal of running water. (T, TA.) مَا سُقِىَ بِالفَتْحِ فَفِيهِ العُشْرُ , and مَا سُقِىَ فَتْحًا , (L,) فَتْحًا being here in the accus. case as an inf. n., i. e. مَا فُتِحَ إِلَيْهِ مَآءُ الأَنْهَارِ فَتْحًا , (Mgh, L, *) occurring in a trad., means In the case of that (relating to the several sorts of seed-produce, and palm-trees,) which is irrigated by means of the channel opened to conduct to it the water of the river [or rivers], the tithe [of the produce shall be taken]. (L.) The place of insertion of the tang of the iron head that enters into the shaft of an arrow: (K, * TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) The fruit of the tree called نَبْع , resembling the حَبَّة خَضْرَآء [or fruit of the pistachia terebinthus], (K, TA,) except that it is red, sweet, and round; eaten by men. (TA.) [As a conventional term in grammar and lexicology, A certain vowel-sound, well-known: and فَتْحَةٌ signifies The sign of that vowel-sound.]

Nounفُتُحٌ1 sense

Core sense — wide and open, said of a door or of a bottlegenerated

1a wide, open door; or a large, wide door—بَابٌ فُتُحٌ

A word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ.

a wide-headed bottle or flask; or a bottle with neither a stopper nor a case—قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ

Because, if so, it is open.

Show Lane's original text

a word of the measure فُعُلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ . (S.) You say بَابٌ فُتُحٌ A wide, open, door: (S, K:) or a large, wide, door. (Msb.) And قَارُورَةٌ فُتُحٌ A wide-headed bottle or flash: (S, K:) or a bottle, or flash, having neither a stopper nor a case: (Ks, S, Msb, K:) because, if so, it is open. (TA.)

Nounفَتْحَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the vowel-sound fet-h, or the sign of itgenerated

See فَتْحٌ, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text

: see فَتْحٌ , last sentence.

Nounفُتْحَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an opening, an intervening space; a vain display of wealthgenerated

An opening, or intervening space; the same as فُرْجَةٌ. Plural فُتَحٌ.

1.1

See also فَتْحٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

A she-camel having wide orifices to her teats; (S, K;) and so a ewe or a she-goat: pl. فُتْحٌ . (TA.) See also فَتْحٌ , in two places.

Nounفَتَاحَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a judging between two partiesgenerated

See فَتْحٌ, fourth sentence.

Show Lane's original text

: see فَتْحٌ , fourth sentence.

Nounفُتَاحَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a judging; a certain bird tinged with rednessgenerated

See sense 1, near the end.

الفُتَاحَةُ: so in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح; but in the K الفُتَاحِيَةُ, said there to be with ḍamm and without teshdeed.

A certain bird, different from the one called الفَتَّاحُ, tinged with redness.

Show Lane's original text

[see 1, near the end]. الفُتَاحَةُ , thus in the L and other lexicons, without ى after the ح , but in the K الفُتَاحِيَةُ , there said to be with damm and without teshdeed, (TA,) A certain bird, different from that called الفَتَّاحُ , (K, TA,) tinged with redness. (TA.)

Nounفِتَاحَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the office of judge; litigation, altercationgenerated

See sense 1, near the end.

1.1figurative · مجازsuch a one was appointed to the office of judge—فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ

As a noun: the office of judge.

1.2figurative · مجازbetween them two are litigations, or altercations—بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ

And: litigation, or altercation.

Show Lane's original text

[see 1, near the end]. [As a subst.,] The office of judge: one says, فُلَانٌ وُلِّىَ الفِتَاحَةَ Such a one was appointed to the office of judge. (A, TA.) And [ Litigation, or altercation:] one says, بَيْنَهُمَا فِتَاحَاتٌ Between them two are litigations, or altercations. (A, TA.)

Nounالفُتَاحِيَةُ1 sense

Core sense — a certain bird tinged with rednessgenerated

See الفُتَاحَةُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see الفُتَاحَةُ .

Nounفَتَّاحٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an opener; a conqueror; a judge who decides between litigantsgenerated

An opener; and an unlocker.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence: a conqueror.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe Judge—الفَتَّاحُ

In the dialect of Himyer: a judge; one who decides between litigants. It is like فَاتِحٌ, but [that word means simply judging, while] this one has an intensive meaning.

As an adjective applied to God, in the Qur 34:25. Or, according to IAth, the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to His servants.

Qur’ān 34:26 approximate — somewhere between 34:19 and 34:49 Lane cites “Kur xxxiv. 25”

Qur’ān 34:26 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

قُلْ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا رَبُّنَا ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُ بَيْنَنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَهُوَ ٱلْفَتَّاحُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

Say: "Our Lord will gather us together and will in the end decide the matter between us (and you) in truth and justice: and He is the one to decide, the One Who knows all."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.3a wide, or ample, house or tent—بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ

1.4a certain black bird that moves its tail about much, white at the base of the tail underneath—الفَتَّاحُ

There is also a red sort of it; it is called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ as well.

Plural فَتَاتِيحُ, to which the K adds "without ا and ل"; but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it, and perhaps it should correctly be "without ا and ت", i.e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [added to the singular], as in the L and other works.

Qur’ānic occurrences فَتَّاح

34:26

قُلْ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَنَا رَبُّنَا ثُمَّ يَفْتَحُ بَيْنَنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَهُوَ ٱلْفَتَّاحُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

Say: "Our Lord will gather us together and will in the end decide the matter between us (and you) in truth and justice: and He is the one to decide, the One Who knows all."

Show Lane's original text

[An opener: and an unlocker. And hence, A conquerer. And], in the dial. of Himyer, (TA,) A judge; one who decides between litigants: (S, Msb, K, TA:) it is like فَاتِحٌ , but [this signifies simply judging, and the former] has an intensive signification. (Msb.) الفَتَّاحُ , as an epithet applied to God, in the Kur xxxiv. 25, means The Judge: or, accord. to IAth, the Opener of the gates of sustenance and of mercy to his servants. (TA.) بَيْتٌ فَتَّاحٌ means A wide, or an ample, house or tent. (El-Fáïk, TA.) And الفَتَّاحُ signifies A certain bird, (K,) which is black, and which moves about its tail much, or often; white in the base of the tail, beneath it; and there is a sort thereof red; (TA;) also called أُمُّ عَجْلَانَ : (O in art. عجل :) pl. فَتَاتِيحُ , (K,) to which is added in the K, “ without ا and ل ; ” but there is no reason why it should not have ال prefixed to it; and perhaps it should be correctly “ without ا and ت , ” i. e. it is not pluralized with ا and ت [as an affix to the sing.], as in the L &c. (MF, TA.)

Nounفَاتِحٌ1 sense

Core sense — opening; one who opensgenerated

Opening, and so forth: see فَتَّاحٌ.

Show Lane's original text

[Opening: &c.]: see فَتَّاحٌ .

Nounفَاتِحَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the commencement, or first part, of a thing; the opening chapter of the Qur-ángenerated

1figurative · مجازthe opening chapter, or exordium, of the Qur-án—فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ

The commencement, or first part, of a thing. Plural فَوَاتِحُ.

the opening chapter, or exordium, of the Qur-án—فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ

Also simply الفَاتِحَةُ. It is said to be so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced with it.

he recited the first part of the chapter of the Qur-án and its last part—قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا

the first parts of the chapters of the Qur-án—فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ

[See also مُفْتَتَحٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

The commencement, or first part, of a thing: (S, A, * K:) pl. فَوَاتِحُ . (A.) فَاتِحَةُ الكِتَابِ , (Msb,) or فَاتِحَةُ القُرْآنِ , (TA,) [and simply الفَاتِحَةُ , The opening chapter, or exordium, of the Kur-án,] is [said to be] so called because the recitation in prayer is commenced therewith. (Msb.) One says also, قَرَأَ فَاتِحَةَ السُّورَةِ وَخَاتِمَتَهَا He recited the first part, or portion, of the chapter of the Kur-án and its last part, or portion. (A.) And فَوَاتِحُ القُرْآنِ signifies The first parts, or portions, of the chapters of the Kur-án. (K, TA.) [See also مُفْتَتَحٌ .]

Nounمَفْتَحٌ1 sense

Core sense — a repository; a hoard; treasure, or buried propertygenerated

A place in which things are stored, laid up, or kept; a repository; the same as خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ [and a hoard; the same as خَزِينَةٌ]; and treasure, or buried property; the same as كَنْزٌ. Plural, in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ.

The plural as it occurs in the Qur 28:76 is said to mean treasures or buried property and hoards (خَزَائِن [as plural of خَزِينَةٌ, not of خِزَانَةٌ]); or hoards of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning; or it means there keys, as plural of مِفْتَحٌ.

It is said that they were of skins, of the length of a finger, and were carried on sixty mules, or seventy; but this is not a sound explanation.

Qur’ān 28:76 approximate — somewhere between 28:45 and 28:88 Lane cites “Kur xxviii. 76”

Qur’ān 28:76 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

إِنَّ قَـٰرُونَ كَانَ مِن قَوْمِ مُوسَىٰ فَبَغَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ مِنَ ٱلْكُنُوزِ مَآ إِنَّ مَفَاتِحَهُۥ لَتَنُوٓأُ بِٱلْعُصْبَةِ أُو۟لِى ٱلْقُوَّةِ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُۥ قَوْمُهُۥ لَا تَفْرَحْ ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلْفَرِحِينَ

Qarun was doubtless, of the people of Moses; but he acted insolently towards them: such were the treasures We had bestowed on him that their very keys would have been a burden to a body of strong men, behold, his people said to him: "Exult not, for Allah loveth not those who exult (in riches).Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Show Lane's original text

A place in which things are reposited, stowed, laid up, kept, preserved, or guarded; a repository; syn. خِزَانَةٌ and مَخْزَنٌ : [and a hoard; syn. خَزِينَةٌ :] and treasure; or buried property; syn. كَنْزٌ : (K, TA:) pl., in both senses, مَفَاتِحُ . (TA.) The pl. as occurring in the Kur xxviii. 76 is said to signify treasures or buried property ( كُنُوز ) and hoards ( خَزَائِن [as pl. of خَزِينَةٌ , not of خِزَانَةٌ ]): or hoards ( خَزَاوئن ) of wealth, which Az says is the most probable meaning: (L, TA:) or it there means keys, as pl. of مِفْتَحٌ ; (Ksh, Bd;) and it is said that they were of skins, of the measure of the finger, and were borne upon sixty mules, (Ksh, L, TA,) or seventy; but this is not a valid explanation. (L, TA.)

Nounمِفْتَحٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a key; a conduit of watergenerated

See the paragraph immediately before this, and the second one after it, the latter in two places.

1.1

Also a conduit of water.

Show Lane's original text

see the next preceding paragraph, and the next but one following; the latter in two places. Also A conduit ( قَنَاة ) of water. (TA.)

Nounمُفَتِّحٌ1 sense

Core sense — opening the bowels, aperient; removing obstructionsgenerated

1removing obstructions—مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ

Applied to a medicine or the like: aperient, having the property of opening the bowels.

Show Lane's original text

[ , applied to a medicine &c., Aperient; having the property of opening the bowels: and مُفَتِّحٌ لِلسُّدَدِ deobstruent; having the property of removing obstructions.]

Nounمِفْتَاحٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a key; anything with which a thing is openedgenerated

1a key; anything with which a thing is opened—مِفْتَحٌ

A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; [a key] of a door, and of anything that is closed or locked; an instrument for opening.

Plural of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ, which Akh says is similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ; or the plural of مفاتيح is مِفْتَاحٌ, and مفاتح is the plural of مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ].

1.1figurative · مجازwhat is as though it were the key of prayer is the thing with which one purifies oneself—مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ

Said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer: purification is the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one from addressing oneself boldly to the act of prayer.

1.2I have been given the keys of words—أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ

I have been given the keys of words—مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ

on this sense So according to different relaters; it occurs in a tradition.

on this sense It means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for gaining eloquence and purity of speech, for reaching the understanding of obscure meanings and of new and admirable kinds of knowledge, and for the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed to others and hard for them to learn.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferreda certain brand upon the thigh and the neck of a camel—المِفْتَاحُ

It has the form of the thing properly so called.

Show Lane's original text

(S, Msb, K, &c.) and مِفْتَحٌ (Msb, K) A key; an instrument with which a lock is opened; (Msb;) [a key] of a door; and of anything that is closed, or locked; (S;) an instrument for opening, (K, TA,) i. e. anything with which a thing is opened: (TA:) pl. of the former مَفَاتِيحُ and مفَاتِحُ , said by Akh to be similar to أَمَانِىُّ and أَمَانٍ ; (S;) or مفاتيح is pl. مِفْتَاحٌ , and مفاتح is pl. of مِفْتَحٌ [as well as of مَفْتَحٌ ]. (Msb.) مِفْتَاحُهَا الطُّهُورُ , said by the Prophet, in relation to prayer, means That which is as though it were the key thereof is the thing [or water] with which one purifies himself; being the means of removing the legal impurity that prevents one's addressing himself boldly to the act of prayer. (Msb.) And أُوِتِيتُ مَفَاتِيحَ الكَلِمِ , or مَفَاتِحَ الكَلِمِ , accord. to different relaters, occurring in a trad., i. e. I have been given the keys of words, means [I have been given] an easy faculty, granted by God, for the acquirement of eloquence and chasteness of speech, and the attaining to the understanding of obscure meanings, and novel and admirable kinds of knowledge, and the beauties of expressions and phrases, which are closed against others, and difficult to be learnt by them. (L.) And المِفْتَاحُ signifies also A certain brand upon the thigh and neck (K, TA) of a camel, in the form of what is [properly] thus called. (TA.)

Nounمَفْتُوحٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — opened, unclosed, unlockedgenerated

An opened, or unclosed, and an unlocked, door.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And a light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical.

1.2

For other meanings, see its verb.

Show Lane's original text

An opened, or unclosed, [and an unlocked,] door. (Msb.) [And A light, or bright, colour; a meaning probably post-classical. For other significations, see its verb.]

Nounمَفَاتِيحُ1 sense

Core sense — fat, said of a she-camelgenerated

Applied to a she-camel: fat. The word is unparalleled in form among singular words.

Plural مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ, mentioned by Seer.

Show Lane's original text

, (unparalleled [in form] among sing. words, MF,) applied to a she-camel, Fat: pl. مَفَاتِيحَاتٌ : (K:) mentioned by Seer.(TA.)

Nounمُفْتَتَحٌ1 sense

Core sense — an opening, a commencing; a place or time of commencinggenerated

A maṣdar [meaning the act of opening and commencing]; and a noun of place and of time [meaning a place of opening and commencing, and a time of it; and also the opening portion of the Qur-án, as shown under خَاتَمٌ].

It is a commonly known and good word, though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the opposite meanings] is not a good word; this, however, is not correct, for it is a good word and of frequent occurrence.

Show Lane's original text

is an inf. n. [signifying The act of opening and commencing &c.]: and a n. of place and of time [signifying a place of opening and commencing &c. and a time thereof: and also the opening portion of the Kur-án; as shown voce خَاتَمٌ , q. v.]: and is a commonly-known and chaste word: though it has been said that مُخْتَتَمٌ [which has the contr. significations] is not a chaste word: (TA in the present art.:) this, however, is not correct; for it is a chaste word, and of frequent occurrence. (TA in art. ختم .)

Nounيَوْمٌ مُنْفَتِحٌ بَالمَآءِ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a day of clouds bursting open with raingenerated

1figurative · مجاز

A day of clouds bursting, or opening violently, with rain.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ: the letters whose utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth called] the حَنَك — all the letters of the alphabet except ص, ض, ط and ظ.

Show Lane's original text

A day [of clouds] bursting, or opening vehemently, with rain. (A.) الحُرُوفُ المُنْفَتِحَةُ The letters of which the utterance requires the opening of [that part of the mouth which is called] the حَنَك ; (TA;) all the letters of the alphabet except ص , ض , ط , and ظ . (K, TA.)