Form 1غَاثَ2 senses
Core sense — he aided him, he succoured himgenerated
1.1
See form 4.
1.2
[And see also غَوِيثٌ.]
Show Lane's original text
: see 4. [And see also غَوِيثٌ .]
غوث
Form 2غوّث2 senses
maṣdarتَغْوِيثٌ
Core sense — he cried out for aid, he called for helpgenerated
2.1he cried out, and said: [Alas! a cry for aid, or succour!]—وَا غَوْثَاهُ
Maṣdar تَغْوِيثٌ and استغاث.
Also pronounced وا غَوْثَاهِ (according to one of my copies) and وا غَوْثَاهْ.
such a one was beaten, and cried out for aid—ضُرِبَ فُلَانٌ فَغَوَّثَ
The cry uttered was وا غوثاه.
The leading grammarians declare this to be the primary meaning of غوّث; they then used it as meaning he cried out, or called, desiring, or demanding, aid, or succour.
2.2
See also غَوِيثٌ.
Show Lane's original text
, (S, K,) inf. n. تَغْوِيثٌ ; (K;) and استغاث ; (TA;) He cried out, (TA,) and said, (S, K,) وَا غَوْثَاهُ (S, K, TA) [Alas! a cry for aid, or succour! also pronounced وا غَوْثَاهِ (accord. to one of my copies of the S) and وا غَوْثَاهْ ]. You say, ضُرِبَ فُلَانٌ فَغَوَّثَ Such a one was beaten, and cried وا غوثاه . (TA.) This is declared by the leading grammarians to be the primary signification of غوّث : then they used it as meaning He cried out, or called, desiring, or demanding, aid, or succour. (MF.) See also غَوِيثٌ .
Form 4اغاثهُ1 sense
maṣdarإِغَاثَةٌ غَوْثٌmuḍāriʿيَغِيثُهُ يَغُوثُهُ
Core sense — he aided him, he succoured him; he relieved him of troublegenerated
4.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[the rain gave us relief]—أَغَاثَنَا المَطَرُ
Maṣdar إِغَاثَةٌ and مَغُوثَةٌ [which is irregular]. He aided, or succoured, him; he (i.e. God) removed trouble, or affliction, from him.
غَاثَهُ, is used in the sense of اغاثهُ, but is rare, and is said by some to be from الغَيْثُ, not الإِغَاثَةُ.
غاثهُ, is mentioned by Az as not heard by him from anyone; but ISd mentions غاثهُ, maṣdar غَوْثٌ and غِيَاثٌ, though he says that اغاثهُ is more approved.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
18:29
وَقُلِ ٱلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ ۖ فَمَن شَآءَ فَلْيُؤْمِن وَمَن شَآءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ ۚ إِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا لِلظَّـٰلِمِينَ نَارًا أَحَاطَ بِهِمْ سُرَادِقُهَا ۚ وَإِن يَسْتَغِيثُوا۟ يُغَاثُوا۟ بِمَآءٍ كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَشْوِى ٱلْوُجُوهَ ۚ بِئْسَ ٱلشَّرَابُ وَسَآءَتْ مُرْتَفَقًاSay, "The truth is from your Lord": Let him who will believe, and let him who will, reject (it): for the wrong-doers We have prepared a Fire whose (smoke and flames), like the walls and roof of a tent, will hem them in: if they implore relief they will be granted water like melted brass, that will scald their faces, how dreadful the drink! How uncomfortable a couch to recline on!
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. إِغَاثَةٌ (Msb, K) and مَغُوثَةٌ [which is anomalous], (K,) He aided, or succoured, him; (Msb;) He (i. e. God, Msb) removed from him trouble, or affliction: (Msb, TA:) غَاثَهُ , aor. يَغِيثُهُ , is used in the sense of اغاثهُ , but is rare, and is said [by some] to be from الغَيْثُ , not الإِغَاثَةُ : غاثهُ , aor. يَغُوثُهُ , is mentioned by Az as not heard by him from any one; but ISd mentions غاثهُ , inf. n. غَوْثٌ and غِيَاثٌ , though saying that اغاثهُ is more approved. (TA.) And one says also, أَغَاثَنَا المَطَرُ [The rain gave us relief]. (Msb.)
Form 6تَغَاوَثُوا2 senses
Core sense — they called to one another for aidgenerated
6.1
According to Freytag, this appears to be used in the Dīwān of the Hudhalees as meaning: they said, one to another, وَا غَوْثَاهُ.
6.2
And تغاوث is synonymous with أَغَاثَ.
Show Lane's original text
, accord. to Freytag, appears to be used in the Deewán of the Hudhalees as signifying They said, one to another, وَا غَوْثَاهُ : and تغاوث as syn. with أَغَاثَ .]
Form 10استغاثهُ2 senses · 1 main
Core sense — he sought, or demanded, aid or succour of himgenerated
10.1he sought, desired, or demanded, aid, or succour, of him, or by means of him—استغاث بِهِ
This second form is disallowed by some, but Sb used it.
10.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe lute sent forth plaintive sounds—استغاث العُودُ
A modern phrase.
See also form 2.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 10 2 shown of 4
8:9
إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّى مُمِدُّكُم بِأَلْفٍ مِّنَ ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَRemember ye implored the assistance of your Lord, and He answered you: "I will assist you with a thousand of the angels, ranks on ranks."
46:17
وَٱلَّذِى قَالَ لِوَٰلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَّكُمَآ أَتَعِدَانِنِىٓ أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ ٱلْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ ٱللَّهَ وَيْلَكَ ءَامِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَـٰذَآ إِلَّآ أَسَـٰطِيرُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَBut (there is one) who says to his parents, "Fie on you! Do ye hold out the promise to me that I shall be raised up, even though generations have passed before me (without rising again)?" And they two seek Allah's aid, (and rebuke the son): "Woe to thee! Have faith! for the promise of Allah is true." But he says, "This is nothing but tales of the ancients!"
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
, (S, O, Msb, K,) and استغاث بِهِ , (O, Msb, TA,) the latter disallowed by some, but used by Sb, (TA,) He sought, desired, or demanded, aid, or succour, of, or by means of, him, or it; he sought, &c., [or called for,] his aid, or succour. (O, MF, TA.) See also 2. [Hence, استغاث العُودُ The lute sent forth plaintive sounds: a modern phrase.]
Derived nouns 9
Nounغَوْثٌ2 senses · 1 main
Core sense — a cry for aid, or succourgenerated
1God answered his prayer—دُعَآءَهُ وغُوَاثَهُ أَجَابَ ٱللّٰهُ
And غُوَاثٌ and غَوَاثٌ, the last of which departs from the common course of speech as regards analogy, as will be seen from what follows: a cry for aid, or succour.
God answered his cry for aid—غَوَاثَهُ
Fr says that غَوَاثٌ is the only word meaning a sound, or cry, that has fet-h on the first letter; other words of this kind have damm, like بُكَآءٌ and دُعَآءٌ, or kesr, like نِدَآءٌ and صِيَاحٌ.
on this sense See also form 2.
1.1
And see غِيَاثٌ.
Show Lane's original text
and غُوَاثٌ and غَوَاثٌ , (S, K,) the last deviating from the common course of speech, (K, TA,) with respect to analogy, as will be seen from what follows, (TA,) A cry for aid, or succour. (S, K, KL, PS.) One says, دُعَآءَهُ وغُوَاثَهُ أَجَابَ ٱللّٰهُ and غَوَاثَهُ [God answered his prayer, and his cry for aid]. (Fr, S.) غَوَاثٌ is said by Fr to be the only word significant of a sound, or cry, having fet-h [to the first letter]; other words of this kind being with damm, as بُكَآءٌ and دُعَآءٌ , or with kesr, as نِدَآءٌ and صِيَاحٌ . (S.) See also 2. And see غِيَاثٌ .
Nounغَوَاثٌ3 senses · 1 main
Core sense — a cry for aid; travelling-provisionsgenerated
1
See غَوْثٌ, in three places.
1.1
And see also غِيَاثٌ.
1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred
In the dialect of Himyer it means travelling-provisions.
Show Lane's original text
: see غَوْثٌ , in three places: and see also غِيَاثٌ . In the dial. of Himyer it signifies Travelling-provision. (TA.)
Nounغُوَاثٌ2 senses · 1 main
Core sense — a cry for aid, or succourgenerated
1
See غَوْثٌ, in two places.
1.1
And see also the paragraph that follows here.
Show Lane's original text
: see غَوْثٌ , in two places: and see also the paragraph here following.
Nounغِيَاثٌ3 senses · 1 main
Core sense — aid, succour; deliverance from distress; an aidergenerated
1aid, or succour; deliverance from difficulty, distress, or adversity, and from revenge; help to escape from hardships—غَوْثٌ
In this word the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh before it; some lexicographers disapprove of the form, but several others give it priority. It is a noun from أَغَاثَهُ.
غَوَاثٌ, which Ibn-Hajar ascribes to the majority, and غُوَاثٌ, mentioned on the authority of Aboo-Dharr, have the same meaning.
In the T, الغِيَاثُ is explained as that with which God aids, or succours, one.
1.1an aider, or a succourer—غِيَاثٌ
God is said to be غِيَاثُ المُسْتَغِيثِينَ [the Aider of the seekers of aid].
such a one is our aider, or succourer—فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا
Same in meaning as مُغِيثُنَا.
1.2figurative · مجاز — inferreda name for the cooking-pot—أُمُّ غِيَاثٍ
Mentioned in art. ام.
Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) in which the و is changed into ى because of the kesreh preceding it, (S,) a form disapproved by some of the lexicographers, but several others assign to it priority, (MF,) a subst. from أَغَاثَهُ , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) as also غَوَاثٌ , ascribed by Ibn-Hajar to the majority, and غُوَاثٌ , mentioned on the authority of Aboo-Dharr, (MF,) and غَوْثٌ ; (Msb;) signifying Aid, or succour; (Msb;) or deliverance from difficulty, distress, or adversity, and [from] revenge; and aid to release from difficulties, distresses, or adverse circumstances. (MF.) In the T, الغِيَاثُ is expl. as signifying That with which God aids, or succours, one. (TA.) And غِيَاثٌ signifies also An aider, or a succourer: you say, فُلَانٌ غِيَاثُنَا Such a one is our aider, or succourer; i. q. مُغِيثُنَا : (TA in art. نور :) and God is said to be غِيَاثُ المُسْتَغِيثِينَ [The Aider of the seekers of aid]. (O.) [Hence,] أُمُّ غِيَاثٍ is a name for The cooking-pot. (T in art. ام .)
Nounغَوِيثٌ2 senses
Core sense — food, or other help, given to one in needgenerated
1
Food, or other help, with which one aids a person in need.
2violence of running—تَغْوِيثٌ
So in one copy of the K. Both are perhaps maṣdars, the former like دَبِيبٌ and the like.
Explained by شِدَّةُ عَدْوٍ.
Show Lane's original text
Food, or other succour, with which one aids a person in necessity. (O, K.) Also, (O, K,) in one copy of the K تَغْوِيثٌ , (TA,) [both perhaps inf. ns., the former like دَبِيبٌ &c.,] Vehemence of running ( شِدَّةُ عَدْوٍ ). (O, K.)
Nounمُغِيثٌ1 sense
Core sense — an aider, a succourergenerated
1
See غِيَاثٌ, in the last sentence but one.
Show Lane's original text
: see غِيَاثٌ , last sentence but one.
Nounمَغُوثَةٌ1 sense
Core sense — aid, succourgenerated
1
An [irregular] maṣdar: see form 4.
Show Lane's original text
, an [anomalous] inf. n.: see 4.
Nounمَغَاوِثُ1 sense
Core sense — watersgenerated
1
Waters: said to be one of those plurals that have no singular.
Show Lane's original text
Waters: (O, K:) said to be one of those plurals that have no singulars. (TA.)
Nounيَغُوثُ1 sense
Core sense — a certain idol of the tribe of Medhhijgenerated
1
A certain idol which belonged to the tribe of Medhhij; or a certain good man, who lived between the times of Adam and Noah, and of whom, after his death, an image was made, which after a long time became an object of worship.
Like وَدٌّ, سُوَاعٌ, يَغُوقُ, and نَسْرٌ, mentioned with it in the Qur'ān 71:22 and 23.
Qur’ān 71:23 approximate — somewhere between 71:16 and 71:28 Lane cites “Kur lxxi. 22”
Qur’ān 71:23 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
وَقَالُوا۟ لَا تَذَرُنَّ ءَالِهَتَكُمْ وَلَا تَذَرُنَّ وَدًّا وَلَا سُوَاعًا وَلَا يَغُوثَ وَيَعُوقَ وَنَسْرًا"And they have said (to each other), 'Abandon not your gods: Abandon neither Wadd nor Suwa', neither Yaguth nor Ya'uq, nor Nasr';-Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
Show Lane's original text
A certain idol which belonged to [the tribe of] Medhhij: (Zj, ISd, K, TA:) or a certain good man, who lived between [the times of] Adam and Noah, and of whom, after his death, was made an image, which, after a long time, became an object of worship; like وَدٌّ and سُوَاعٌ and يَغُوقُ and نَسْرٌ , mentioned therewith in the Kur lxxi. 22 and 23. (Bd.)