غنى

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form 8 · Form 10 · 25 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 73

Form 1غَنِىَ7 senses · 2 main

maṣdarغِنًى غُنْيَةٌ غُنْيَانٌ غِنًاmuḍāriʿيَغْنَى

Core sense — he was free from want, or rich; he dwelt in a place; he marriedgenerated

1.1he was, or became, free from want; or in a state of competence, or rich—المَال

maṣdar غِنًى and غَنَآءٌ, though the latter is apparently held by some to be a simple noun.

الغِنَى is the opposite of الفَقْرُ, as is also الغَنَآءُ; it denotes the absence of wants, which strictly speaking belongs to none but God, and also fewness of wants; or it is synonymous with اليَسَارُ.

The adjective applied to the person of whom this is said is غَنِىٌّ or غَانٍ, both meaning the same.

One says also غَنِىَ, استغنى, تغنّى, تغانى and اغتنى, all with one and the same meaning, followed by بِهِ: he was sufficed by it, or him, and hence content, or satisfied, with it, or him.

Some of these are wanting in the CK and apparently in several copies of the K, though it is said in one place in the K, as in the S, that تغنّى is synonymous with استغنى.

he is not of us who is not content, or satisfied, with the Qur'ān—لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَتَغَنَّ بِالقُرْآنِ

A saying of the Prophet, mentioned in a tradition; it means يَسْتَغْنِ من لم. So says Sufyān Ibn-ʿOyeyneh, who did not take it as referring to the utterance of the voice in chanting.

A ʿObeyd says that this is common in the speech of the Arabs: they say تَغَنَّيْتُ and تَغَانَيْتُ in the sense of اِسْتَغْنَيْتُ.

he was in no need of it, or him—غَنِىَ عَنْهُ

استغنى عنه and أَغْنَى غنه also have this meaning, the latter seemingly rarely so used.

غُنْيَةٌ means the state of being in no need, and غَانٍِ a man free from need.

[And مَا يَسْتَغْنِى عَنْهُ He is not without need, or not free from want, of it, or him.]

he was sufficed by it, so as to be in no need of another thing—غَنِىَ بِهِ عَنْهُ

That is, عَنْ غَيْرِهِ, or غُنْيَةٌ is the noun, meaning استغنى; the adjective is غَنِىٌّ.

the woman was content with her husband, so as to want no other—غَنِيَتِ المَرْأَةُ بِزَوْجِهَا

عَنْ غَيْرِهِ likewise; maṣdar غُنْيَانٌ and غَنَآءٌ; that is, اِسْتَغْنَت.

she (a woman) was, or became, such as is termed غَانِيَةٌ—غَنِيَتْ

for غِنًى, or perhaps a mistranscription for غَنَآءٌ [see غَانٍ].

1.1.1he married, or took a wife—غَنِىَ

synonymous with تَزَوَّجَ.

تغنّى likewise; تَغَنَّتْ occurs said of a woman, meaning she married.

In the K only the maṣdar of the first verb is mentioned in this sense; الغِنَى is there explained in some copies as التَّزَوُّجُ, and in others as التَّزْوِيجُ.

marriage is a bulwark for him who has no wife—الغِنَى حِصْنٌ لِلْعَزَبِ

It protects him from the attacks of seductive women by making him free from the want of them. Mentioned by Az.

1.1.2he dwelt, or abode, in the place—غَنِىَ

construed with بِالمَكَانِ.

the people, or party, dwelt long in their place of abode—غَنِىَ القَوْمُ فِى دَارِهِمْ

he dwelt long in such a place, content with it, so as to need no other—غَنِىَ فِى مَكَانِ كَذَا

as though they had not dwelt there—كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا

In the Qur'ān 7:90, 11:71 and 11:98.

on this sense Er-Rāghib gives these explanations.

1.1.3he lived—عَاشَ

1.1.4I remained constant to you with my love, or affection—غَنِيتُ لَكَ مِنِّى بِالمَوَدَّةِ

It has the same meaning as بَقِىَ.

That is, بَقِيتُ.

In the CK written, in error, غَنَيْتُ.

1.1.5certainly I will be the sincere friend—قَدْ أَغْنَى الحَبِيبَ المُصَافِىَ

[It is also the same as كَانَ.]

In a verse of Ibn-Mukbil; that is, أَكُونُ الحَبِيبَ.

our place of abode was Tihāmeh—غَنِيَتْ دَارُنَا تِهَامَةَ

In a verse of another poet; that is, كَانَتْ.

as though it had not been in existence yesterday—كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَ بِالأَمْسِ

Said of a thing when it has perished, passed away, or come to nothing; that is, كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ.

1.2

غَنِىَ is said also to signify لَقِىَ; so in the copies, but SM doubts it, suggesting that it should perhaps be بَقِىَ, a meaning of غَنِىَ according to ISd and the K.

It appears, however, to be correct, for مَا غَنِيتُ فُلَانًا is said to mean لَمْ أَلْقَهُ: I did not meet with, or find, such a one.

[According to the TK, غَنِىَ followed by بِهِ signifies لَقِى, but this is perhaps said only as a conjecture.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 5 shown of 15

26:207

مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا۟ يُمَتَّعُونَ

It will profit them not that they enjoyed (this life)!

53:48

وَأَنَّهُۥ هُوَ أَغْنَىٰ وَأَقْنَىٰ

That it is He Who giveth wealth and satisfaction;

69:28

مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنِّى مَالِيَهْ ۜ

"Of no profit to me has been my wealth!

93:8

وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ

And He found thee in need, and made thee independent.

111:2

مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥ وَمَا كَسَبَ

No profit to him from all his wealth, and all his gains!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, MA, Msb, K, *) from المَال , aor. يَغْنَى , (Msb,) inf. n. غِنًى (S, * MA, Msb, K *) and غَنَآءٌ , (MA, K, * TK, [but the latter is app. held by some to be a simple subst.,]) He was, or became, free from want; in the state, or condition, of having no wants; and also, of having few wants; or in a state of competence, or sufficiency; or rich, or wealthy; الغِنَى being the contr. of الفَقْرُ , as also الغَنَآءُ ; (K, TA;) and thus denoting the absence, or non-existence, of wants, which is [properly, or strictly speaking,] attributable to none but God; and also the paucity of wants; (TA;) or syn. with اليَسَارُ : (S:) and the epithet applied to him of whom this is said is غَنِىٌّ , (S:) or غَانٍ , (Msb,) [or both, for] both signify the same [as will be shown below]. (K.) One says غَنِىَ and استغنى and تغنّى and تغانى and اغتنى , (K, TA, [but wanting in the CK, and app. in several copies of the K, though it is said in one place in the K, as it is in the S, that تغنّى is syn. with استغنى ,]) all having one and the same meaning, and followed by بِهِ [as therewith signifying He was, or became, free from want; in the state, or condition, of having no want, or need; or in a state of competence, &c.; by means of it, or him; i. e. he was, or became, sufficed by it, or him; and hence, he was, or became, content, or satisfied, with it, or him]. (TA.) لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَتَغَنَّ بِالقُرْآنِ , (Msb, TA,) a saying of the Prophet, (Msb,) mentioned in a trad., (TA,) means يَسْتَغْنِ من لم [i. e. He is not of us who is not content, or satisfied, with the Kur-án]: so says Sufyán Ibn-'Oyeyneh; not regarding it as meaning the utterance of the voice [in chanting]: and A 'Obeyd says that this obtains extensively in the speech of the Arabs; that they say تَغَنَّيْتُ and تَغَانَيْتُ in the sense of اِسْتَغْنَيْتُ . (Az, Msb, TA.) And one says, غَنِىَ عَنْهُ , inf. n. غِنًى and غُنْيَانٌ , meaning He was in no need of it [or him]: as also استغنى عنه ; and أَغْنَى غنه [which seems to be rarely used in this sense]: and غُنْيَةٌ signifies the state of being in no need: and غَانٍِ , a man free from need. (MA.) [And مَا يَسْتَغْنِى عَنْهُ He is not without need, or not free from want, of it, or him.] And غَنِىَ بِهِ عَنْهُ , (S, Msb,) i. e. عَنْ غَيْرِهِ , (Msb,) inf. n. غُنْيَةٌ , (S,) or غُنْيَةٌ is the subst., (Msb,) meaning استغنى [He was sufficed by it, or was satisfied, or content, with it, so as to be in no need, or so as to be free from want, of it, i. e. of another thing]: and the epithet is غَنِىٌّ . (Msb.) And [in like manner] غَنِيَتِ المَرْأَةُ بِزَوْجِهَا (S, Msb, K) عَنْ غَيْرِهِ , (Msb,) inf. n. غُنْيَانٌ (S, K) and غَنَآءٌ also, (TA,) meaning اِسْتَغْنَت [The woman was satisfied, or content, with her husband, so as to have no want of other than him]. (S, K) And غَنِيَتْ [alone], (K, TA,) inf. n. غِنًا [for غِنًى , or perhaps a mistranscription for غَنَآءٌ , as in the next preceding sentence], She (a woman) was, or became, such as is termed غَانِيَةٌ [q. v. voce غَانٍ ]. (K.) غَنِىَ , (TK,) inf. n. غِنًى , (K, TK,) also signifies He married, or took a wife; [as also تغنّى ; (see Ham p. 226 l. 1, where تَغَنَّتْ occurs said of a woman as meaning she married;)] syn. تَزَوَّجَ . (K, * TK. [In the K, only the inf. n. of the former verb in this sense is mentioned; الغِنَى being there expl. in some copies as signifying التَّزَوُّجُ ; and in others, التَّزْوِيجُ .]) Hence the saying, الغِنَى حِصْنٌ لِلْعَزَبِ [Marriage is a bulwark to him who has no wife; protecting him from the attacks of seductive women by rendering him free from the want of them]: mentioned by Az. (TA.) Also, غَنِىَ , (S, K,) inf. n. غِنًى , (TA,) He dwelt, or abode, (S, K,) بِالمَكَانِ in the place: (S:) or غَنِىَ القَوْمُ فِى دَارِهِمْ The people, or party, dwelt long in their place of abode: (T, TA:) or غَنِىَ فِى مَكَانِ كَذَا He dwelt long in such a place, satisfied, or content, therewith, so as to be in no need of any other. (Er-Rághib, TA.) كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَوْا فِيهَا , in the Kur [vii. 90 and xi. 71 and 98], means As though they had not dwelt therein. (TA.) [See also the last sentence but two in this paragraph.] And He lived; syn. عَاشَ . (S, K.) And I. q. بَقِىَ : (TA:) one says, غَنِيتُ لَكَ مِنِّى بِالمَوَدَّةِ , meaning بَقِيتُ [i. e. I remained, or have remained, constant to thee with my love, or affection]. (ISd, K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] غَنَيْتُ .) [And I. q. كَانَ .] قَدْ أَغْنَى الحَبِيبَ المُصَافِىَ , in a verse of Ibn-Mukbil, means أَكُونُ الحَبِيبَ [i. e. Certainly I will be, or shall be, the sincere friend]. (TA.) And غَنِيَتْ دَارُنَا تِهَامَةَ , (K, TA,) in a verse of another poet, (TA,) means كَانَتْ [i. e. Our place of abode was Tihámeh]. (K, TA.) And one says of a thing when it has perished, passed away, or come to nought, كَأَنْ لَمْ يَغْنَ بِالأَمْسِ , meaning كَأَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ [i. e. As though it had not been in existence yesterday]. (Az, TA.) غَنِىَ also signifies لَقِىَ : (K:) [SM doubts this; saying,] thus in the copies; but perhaps it should be بَقِىَ , a signification of غَنِىَ accord. to ISd and the K [and mentioned above]: (TA:) [it appears, however, to be correct; for it is said that] مَا غَنِيتُ فُلَانًا means لَمْ أَلْقَهُ [i. e. I did not meet, or meet with, or find, or I have not met, &c., such a one]. (JK.) [Accord. to the TK, غَنِىَ followed by بِهِ signifies لَقِى : but this is perhaps said conjecturally.]

Form 2غَنَّىَ4 senses · 2 main

maṣdarتَغْنِيَةٌ

Core sense — he sang, or chanted; he mentioned a woman in his poetry; he eulogized, or satirizedgenerated

2.1

See form 4.

2.2he sang, or chanted; he prolonged his voice and modulated it sweetly—غنّى

synonymous with تغنّى.

he sang, or chanted, the poetry to him—غنّاهُ الشِّعْرَ

he sang, or chanted, it, that is, the poetry—غنّى بِهِ

Maṣdar تَغْنِيَةٌ and تغنّى بِهِ; تغنّى and غنّى have one and the same meaning.

reciting, or chanting, the Qur'ān with a plaintive and gentle voice—يَتَغَنَّى بِالقُرْآنِ

Occurring in a tradition cited in the first sense of art. اذن; so explained by Esh-Shāfiʿee. The same tradition is related somewhat differently under تَرَنَّمَ.

2.2.1it cooed, or uttered a cry—غنّى

Said of a pigeon; تغنّى likewise.

2.2.2he mentioned the woman in his poetry, in amatory language, as an object of love—غنّى بِالمَرْأَةِ

That is, تَغَزَّلَ بِهَا.

he eulogized Zeyd; or he satirized him—غنّى بِزَيْدٍ

تغنّى is used in these two senses in the same way. In ISd's opinion both verbs are used in these two senses, and also in the sense mentioned just before them: that he did so after prolonging and modulating his voice, singing or chanting the غَزَل, the eulogy and the satire.

Show Lane's original text

see 4. غنّى , (S, MA, Msb,) inf. n. تَغْنِيَةٌ , (KL,) as syn. with تغنّى , (S, MA, Msb, *) He sang, or chanted, (S, * MA, KL;) or he trilled, or quavered, or prolonged his voice and modulated it sweetly, singing, or chanting. (Msb in explanation of the former.) You say غنّاهُ الشِّعْرَ [He sang, or chanted, to him the poetry], and غنّى بِهِ [he sang, or chanted, it, i. e., the poetry], inf. n. تَغْنِيَةٌ ; and تغنّى بِهِ ; تغنّى and غنّى having one and the same meaning. (K, TA.) يَتَغَنَّى بِالقُرْآنِ , in a trad. cited in the first paragraph of art. اذن , means, as expl. by EshSháfi'ee, Reciting [or chanting] the Kur-án with a plaintive and gentle voice. (Az, Msb, TA. [See also that trad. somewhat differently related voce تَرَنَّمَ .]) غنّى is also said of a pigeon, meaning It [cooed, or] uttered a cry; (K, TA;) and so تغنّى . (TA.) غنّى بِالمَرْأَةِ means تَغَزَّلَ بِهَا , (K, TA,) i. e. He mentioned the woman [in amatory language, as an object of love,] in his poetry: (TA:) and غنّى بِزَيْدٍ He eulogized Zeyd: or he satirized him: like تغنّى in these two senses: (K, TA:) in that of eulogizing and that of satirizing: or, in the opinion of ISd, both of the verbs are used in these two senses and likewise in the sense mentioned immediately before them; meaning that he did thus after prolonging and modulating his voice; singing, or chanting, the same, i. e. the غَزَل and the eulogy and the satire. (TA.)

Form 3غَاْنَىَ2 senses

Core sense — he was in no need of him, or it; he spoke pleasantly to a childgenerated

3.1

See غَنَآءٌ. From what is said there, it seems that غاناهُ signifies: he was in no need of him, or it; like غَنِىَ عَنْهُ and استغنى عنه; compare تَغَانَوْا.

3.2he spoke, or talked, to a child, saying to him what pleased him—المُغَانَاةُ

Apparently it has this meaning also; that is, تَكْلِيمُكَ الصَّبِىَّ بِمَا يَهْوَى.

Show Lane's original text

see غَنَآءٌ . [From what is there said, it seems that غاناهُ signifies He was in no need of him, or it; like غَنِىَ عَنْهُ and استغنى عنه : compare تَغَانَوْا . And app. it signifies also He spoke, or talked, to him, i. e. to a child, or boy, saying to him what was pleasing to him; for it is said that] المُغَانَاةُ means تَكْلِيمُكَ الصَّبِىَّ بِمَا يَهْوَى . (JK.)

Form 4اغناهُ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he made him free from want, or rich; it sufficed him, or availed himgenerated

4.1he made him to be in no need, or free from want—غنّاهُ

Said of God: He made him to be in no need, or free from want; or in a state of competence, or sufficiency; or possessed of wealth, or rich.

This verb is wanting in the CK and apparently in several copies of the K; or, as some say, it is used in prayer, apparently meaning: he said to him, May God enrich you — compare سَقَّيْتُهُ ("I said to him, May God send down rain to you") and عَقَّرْتُهُ (as explained in art. عقر).

he, or it, caused him to be in no need of such a thing—اغناهُ عَنْ كَذَا

it makes your doing such a thing needless—يُغْنِى عَنْ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا

Literally, it causes that there be no need of your doing such a thing.

4.1.1such a thing sufficed him, or stood him in stead—اغنى عَنْهُ كَذَا

my property has not sufficed me, or stood me in stead—مَا أَغْنَىعَنِّى مَالِيَهْ

their possessions will not suffice them in place of God—لَنْ تُغْنِىَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ

I sufficed, or contented, you as such a one; I stood in the stead of such a one—أَغْنَيْتُ عَنْكَ مَغْنَى فُلَانٍ

In the Qur'ān 69:28.

In the Qur'ān 3:8 and 58:18. Er-Rāghib gives this explanation.

Or it means: will not defend them from God, that is, from His punishment.

One says likewise مَغْنَاتَهُ, مُغْنَى فُلَانٍ, مُغْنَاتَهُ and غَنَآءَ فُلَانٍ.

this does not suffice or content you, nor stand you in any stead, nor profit you—مَا يُغْنِى عَنْكَ هٰذَا

AZ mentions مَا أَغْنَى فُلَانٌ شَيْئًا thus, and also with ع, that is أَعْنَى, meaning: such a one did not avail, or profit, at all in a difficult or arduous affair, and did not suffice for such an affair, or for supplying what was necessary for subsistence.

free me from, and avert from me, your evil, or mischief—أَغْنِ عَنِّى وَجْهَكَ بَلْ شَرَّكَ

AZ says that he heard a man chide his slave and say this to him.

Hence the phrase شَأْنٌ يُغْنِيهِ in the Qur'ān 80:37 [on which see the second sentence in art. عنى].

but I do not avert from you, by saying this, anything decreed to befall you from God—وَمَا أُغْنِى عَنْكُمْ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ مِنْ شَىْءٍ

In the Qur'ān 12:67; the second من is redundant.

put away from me, and remove far from me, such a thing—أَغْنِ عَنِّى كَذَا

Properly أَغْنِنِى عَنْ كَذَا, originally meaning: make me to be in no need of such a thing; a phrase of the same kind as عَرَضَ الدَّابَّةَ عَلَى المَآءِ [for عَرَضَ المَآءَ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ].

Qur’ān 12:67 approximate — somewhere between 12:61 and 12:76 Lane cites “Kur xii. 67”

Lane cites “Jel in iii. 8” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Qur’ān 12:67 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

وَقَالَ يَـٰبَنِىَّ لَا تَدْخُلُوا۟ مِنۢ بَابٍ وَٰحِدٍ وَٱدْخُلُوا۟ مِنْ أَبْوَٰبٍ مُّتَفَرِّقَةٍ ۖ وَمَآ أُغْنِى عَنكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَىْءٍ ۖ إِنِ ٱلْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ ۖ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ۖ وَعَلَيْهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ

Further he said: "O my sons! enter not all by one gate: enter ye by different gates. Not that I can profit you aught against Allah (with my advice): None can command except Allah: On Him do I put my trust: and let all that trust put their trust on Him."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

4.2

أَغْنَى عَنْهُ used as an intransitive verb: see sense 1, first half.

4.3how free from wants, or how rich, is he!—مَا أَغْنَاهُ

This and مَا أَفْقَرَهُ are said to be irregular, since their verbs are استغنى and افتقر, from neither of which the verb of wonder may regularly be formed. But see غَنِىَ as synonymous with استغنى, and see also art. فقر.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4 4 shown of 28

54:5

حِكْمَةٌۢ بَـٰلِغَةٌ ۖ فَمَا تُغْنِ ٱلنُّذُرُ

Mature wisdom;- but (the preaching of) Warners profits them not.

77:31

لَّا ظَلِيلٍ وَلَا يُغْنِى مِنَ ٱللَّهَبِ

"(Which yields) no shade of coolness, and is of no use against the fierce Blaze.

88:7

لَّا يُسْمِنُ وَلَا يُغْنِى مِن جُوعٍ

Which will neither nourish nor satisfy hunger.

92:11

وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ

Nor will his wealth profit him when he falls headlong (into the Pit).

Show Lane's original text

He (i. e. God, S, K, TA, [but wanting in the CK and app. in several copies of the K,]) rendered him, or made him to be, in no need, or free from want; (S, * MA, K; *) [or in a state of competence, or sufficiency;] or possessed of wealth; (S, * K, * TA;) [or rich, or wealthy; (see 1, first sentence;)] and غنّاهُ signifies the same; (K, TA; [but wanting in the CK and app. in several copies of the K;]) or, as some say, this latter is [used] in prayer [app. as meaning he said to him, May God enrich thee, or the like: compare سَقَّيْتُهُ (“ I said to him, May God send down rain to thee ”), and عَقَّرْتُهُ (as expl. in art. عقر ), &c.]. (TA.) [And اغناهُ عَنْ كَذَا He, or it, caused him to be in no need, or free from want, of such a thing. (See Ham p. 152.) And يُغْنِى عَنْ أَنْ تَفْعَلَ كَذَا It renders needless thy doing such a thing: lit. it causes that there shall be no need of thy doing such a thing.] And اغنى عَنْهُ كَذَا Such a thing sufficed him; or stood him in stead: whence the saying in the Kur [lxix. 28], مَا أَغْنَىعَنِّى مَالِيَهْ [My property has not sufficed me, or stood me in stead]: and [in iii. 8 and lviii. 18 of the same,] لَنْ تُغْنِىَ عَنْهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ [Their possessions will not suffice them in lieu of God]: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or this last means, will not defend them from God, i. e. from his punishment. (Jel in iii. 8.) And أَغْنَيْتُ عَنْكَ مَغْنَى فُلَانٍ and مَغْنَاتَهُ , (S, Msb, K, *) and مُغْنَى فُلَانٍ and مُغْنَاتَهُ , (S, Mgh, K,) and غَنَآءَ فُلَانٍ , (K,) I sufficed, or satisfied, or contented, thee, or I have sufficed, &c., as such a one; or I stood thee, or served thee, or I have stood &c., in the stead of such a one. (S, * Mgh, Msb, K.) And مَا يُغْنِى عَنْكَ هٰذَا This does not suffice, or satisfy, or content, thee; or stand thee, or serve thee, in any stead; and does not avail, or profit, thee. (S.) AZ mentions مَا أَغْنَى فُلَانٌ شَيْئًا , thus, and with ع , [i. e. أَعْنَى ,] as meaning Such a one did not avail, or profit, at all, in a difficult, or an arduous, affair or case; and did not suffice for such an affair or such a case, or for the supply of what was necessary for subsistence. (Msb, TA.) And he says also that he heard a man chide his slave, and say to him, أَغْنِ عَنِّى وَجْهَكَ بَلْ شَرَّكَ , meaning Free me from, and avert from me, [thy face, nay, rather,] thy evil, or mischief: and hence the phrase شَأْنٌ يُغْنِيهِ , [respecting which see the second sentence in art. عنى ,] in the Kur [lxxx. 37]. (TA.) [Hence also,] وَمَا أُغْنِى عَنْكُمْ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ مِنْ شَىْءٍ , in the Kur xii. 67, means But I do not avert from you, by my saying this, anything decreed to befall you from God: the second من is redundant. (Jel.) And one says, أَغْنِ عَنِّى كَذَا , meaning Put thou away from me, and remove far from me, such a thing: properly [ أَغْنِنِى عَنْ كَذَا , originally meaning render thou me in no need of such a thing,] a phrase of the same kind as عَرَضَ الدَّابَّةَ عَلَى المَآءِ [for عَرَضَ المَآءَ عَلَى الدَّابَّةِ ]. (Mgh.) أَغْنَى عَنْهُ as intrans.: see 1, former half. مَا أَغْنَاهُ [How free from wants, or how rich, or wealthy, is he!]: this and مَا أَفْقَرَهُ are [said to be] anomalous; for their [respective] verbs are استغنى and افتقر , from either of which the verb of wonder may not properly [or regularly] be formed. (S in art. فقر . [But see غَنِىَ as syn. with استغنى ; and see also art. فقر .])

Form 5تَغَنَّىَ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he was free from want, or content; he sang, or chantedgenerated

5.1

See sense 1, first half, in three places.

5.1.1

And again in the latter half of that sense.

5.2

Derived nouns 17

Nounغَنًى1 sense

Core sense — fit, meet, or proper for someonegenerated

1such a place is fit, meet, or proper for such a one—مَكَانُ كَذَا غَنًى مِنْ فُلَانٍ

This word, with fet-ḥ, and مَقْصُور, mean the same as مَئِنَّةٌ.

As though the meaning were a place of freedom from want; one says مَغْنًى مِنْهُ likewise.

Show Lane's original text

, (K, TA,) with fet-h, and مَقْصُور , (TA,) i. q. مَئِنَّةٌ ; so in the saying, مَكَانُ كَذَا غَنًى مِنْ فُلَانٍ [Such a place is meet, fit, or proper, for such a one; as though meaning a place of freedom from want]; as also مَغْنًى مِنْهُ . (K, TA.)

Nounغِنًى1 sense

Core sense — freedom from want; competence, or sufficiency; richness; profit, or availgenerated

1he has not competence, or sufficiency—لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ غَنَآءٌ

This word and غَنَآءٌ mean the same; both are maṣdars of غَنِىَ. Used as simple nouns, they mean freedom from need or want; competence, or sufficiency; or richness.

Or غِنًى is the maṣdar of غَنِىَ, while غَنَآءٌ means competence, or sufficiency.

Or غَنَآءٌ means profit, utility, or avail.

a man who is not profitable to anyone—رَجُلٌ لَا غَنَآءَ عِنْدَهُ

So in the TA under دَدَانٌ; the same phrase occurs in the S under دَدَانٌ, and is explained in the PS.

غُنْوَةٌ means the same as غِنًى.

I have no need of it, or him—لِى عَنْهُ غُنْوَةٌ

So says Ks. But, as ISd says, the word commonly known is غُنْيَةٌ, on which see the first half of sense 1 of this article.

This last word, said in the S to be a maṣdar, and غِنْيَةٌ, غُنْوَةٌ and غُنْيَانٌ (said in the S, and in one place in the K, to be a maṣdar) are nouns having one and the same meaning, synonymous with غِنًى used as a simple noun.

مَا لَه عَنْهُ غِنًى — written in the CK, in error, غَنًى — and غُنْيَةٌ, غُنْيَانٌ and مَغْنًى mean literally: he has no freedom from need of it, or him; and hence, he has no means, or way, of separating himself from, or avoiding, it, or him; synonymous with بُدٌّ.

in marriage is freedom from need of fornication—فِى النِّكَاحِ غُنْيَةٌ عَنِ السِّفَاحِ

So in the A and the Msb, art. سفح.

what is over and above what suffices for the sustenance of the household—مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى

Occurring in a tradition about alms.

Show Lane's original text

and غَنَآءٌ signify the same; (MA, K;) both are inf. ns. of غَنِىَ : (MA:) [see the first sentence of this art.: used as simple substs., they mean Freedom from need or want; competence, or sufficiency; or richness, or wealthiness:] or غِنًى is the inf. n. of غَنِىَ ; (Msb;) and غَنَآءٌ signifies competence, or sufficiency; (Mgh, Msb;) as in the saying, لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ غَنَآءٌ He has not competence, or sufficiency: (Msb:) or غَنَآءٌ signifies profit, utility, or avail; (S;) and you say, رَجُلٌ لَا غَنَآءَ عِنْدَهُ meaning A man who is not profitable to any one: (TA voce دَدَانٌ ; [and in like manner this phrase, occurring in the S voce دَدَانٌ , is expl. in the PS:]) and غُنْوَةٌ signifies the same as غِنًى in the saying لِى عَنْهُ غُنْوَةٌ [I have no need of it, or him]: (K and TA in art. غنو :) so says Ks: but, as ISd says, the word commonly known is غُنْيَةٌ ; (TA in that art.;) which see in two places in the former half of the first paragraph of this art.: this last word [said in the S to be an inf. n.] and غِنْيَةٌ and غُنْوَةٌ and غُنْيَانٌ [which is said in the S and in one place in the K to be an inf. n.] are substs. having one and the same meaning [syn. with غِنًى used as a simple subst.]: and مَا لَه عَنْهُ غِنًى [in the CK erroneously غَنًى ] and غُنْيَةٌ and غُنْيَانٌ and مَغْنًى mean [lit. He has not freedom from need of it, or him; and hence,] he has not any means, or way, of separating himself from, or avoiding, it, or him; syn. بُدٌّ : (K:) and one says فِى النِّكَاحِ غُنْيَةٌ عَنِ السِّفَاحِ [In marriage is freedom from need of fornication]. (A and Msb in art. سفح .) مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى , in a trad. respecting alms, means What is over and above that which suffices for the sustenance of the household, or family. (TA.)

Nounغُنْوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — freedom from need or want; competence, or sufficiencygenerated

See the preceding article, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places.

Nounغُنْيَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — freedom from need or want; competence, or sufficiencygenerated

This word and غِنْيَةٌ: see غِنًى, the former in three places.

Show Lane's original text

and غِنْيَةٌ : see غِنًى ; the former in three places.

Nounغُنْيَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — freedom from need or want; competence, or sufficiencygenerated

See غِنًى, latter half, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see غِنًى , latter half, in two places.

Nounغَنَآءٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — profit, utility, or avail; ability, or sufficiencygenerated

See غِنًى, in two places; and see also form 4, first half.

A poet says: [He will make me free from need who has made you free from need of me; for poverty will not always continue, nor competence, or richness]

shāhid

سَيُغْنِينِى ٱلَّذِى أَغْنَاكَ عَنِّىفَلَا فَقْرٌ يَدُومُ وَلَا غَنَآءُ

Or, as some relate it, غِنَآءُ, meaning by this the maṣdar of غَانَيْتُ [see form 3]. But it is said that the right reading is غَنَآءُ, because this has no meaning other than that of غِنًى; so says ISd.

1.1there is not in him ability to set that up, nor strength to bear it—مَا فِيهِ غَنَآءُ ذَاكَ

Or to raise it upon his back and rise with it.

Show Lane's original text

: see غِنًى , in two places; and see also 4, former half. A poet says, 1 [He will render me free from need who has rendered thee free from need of me: for poverty will not always continue, nor competence, or richness]: or, as some relate it, غِنَآءُ , meaning thereby the inf. n. of غَانَيْتُ : [see 3, above:] but it is said that the proper reading is غَنَآءُ ; because this has no other meaning than that of غِنًى : so says ISd. (TA.) سَيُغْنِينِى ٱلَّذِى أَغْنَاكَ عَنِّى | فَلَا فَقْرٌ يَدُومُ وَلَا غَنَآءُ مَا فِيهِ غَنَآءُ ذَاكَ means There is not in him [ability for] the setting-up of that, and strength, or power, to bear it, or carry it, or to raise it upon his back and rise with it. (ISd, K, TA.)

Nounغِنَآءٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — song, or vocal music; singing, or chanting; an air, or tunegenerated

A maṣdar of form 3; see the preceding article.

2a mode of singing; an air, or tune; a song—مَغْنًى

Song, or vocal music: an utterance of the voice with a prolonging and a sweet modulation of it; or a raising of the voice and continuing it without interruption; a singing, or a chanting.

In the S it is said to be مِنَ السَّمَاعِ, meaning that it is a sort of musical performance. Being an utterance of the voice, its regular form would be with ḍamm, غُنَآءٌ, like حُدَادٌ.

Its plural is أَغْنِيَةٌ.

It means the same as غِنَآءٌ, and also a song, that is, a composition in verse that is sung or to be sung; its plural is مَغَانٍ, but perhaps this is post-classical; the plural occurs in the K, art. نصب.

a song; poetry uttered with a trilling, or a sweet modulation, of the voice—غِنَآءٌ

أُغْنِيَّةٌ is synonymous with غِنَآءٌ in this sense.

Or it, and also إِغْنِيَّةٌ, and each of them likewise without teshdeed, as mentioned by ISd — though he says this is not of valid authority — signify a certain sort of غِنَآء which they sing or chant; the plural is أَغَانِىُّ and أَغَانٍ, this last being the plural of each singular that is without teshdeed.

2.1

الغِنَآء is also used by a poet in place of a maṣdar, meaning التَّغَنِّى. He says: [Sing, or chant, the poetry, if you are uttering it; the singing, or chanting, of this poetry is a مضمار, explained in art. ضمر]

shāhid

تَغَنِّ بِالشِّعْرِ إِمَّا كُنْتَ قَائِلَهُإِنَّ الغِنَآءَ بهٰذَا الشِعْرِ مِضْمَارُ

Show Lane's original text

is an inf. n. of 3. (TA, [See the next preceding paragraph.]) Also, (TA,) [Song, or vocal music; i. e.] an utterance of the voice with a prolonging and a sweet modulation thereof; (K, TA;) or a raising of the voice, and continuing it without interruption; (Nh, TA;) [a singing, and a chanting;] it is said in the S to be مِنَ السَّمَاعِ [meaning that it is a sort of musical performance]: (TA:) being an utterance of the voice, its analogical form would be with damm [i. e. غُنَآءٌ , like حُدَادٌ &c.]: (Msb, TA:) its pl. is أَغْنِيَةٌ : (MA:) [and مَغْنًى signifies the same as غِنَآءٌ ; and a mode of singing; and any particular air, or tune; and a song, i. e. a composition in verse that is sung or to be sung: and its pl. is مَغَانٍ : but perhaps it is post-classical: the pl. occurs in the K, in art. نصب :] غِنَآءٌ [also] signifies [a song, i. e.] poetry, or verse, that is [sung, or chanted, or] uttered with a trilling, or quavering, or a prolonging and a sweet modulation, of the voice; (Har p. 286;) and أُغْنِيَّةٌ is syn. with غِنَآءٌ (S, Har) in this sense; (Har;) or, as also إِغْنِيَّةٌ , (Fr, K, TA,) and ↓ each of them also without teshdeed, (K, TA,) as mentioned by ISd, but said by him to be not of valid authority, (TA,) signifies a certain sort of غِنَآء (K, TA) which they sing or chant: (TA:) and the pl. is أَغَانِىُّ (S, TA) [and أَغَانٍ , this latter being the pl. of each sing. that is without teshdeed]. الغِنَآء is also used by a poet in the place of an inf. n., meaning التَّغَنِّى : he says, 1 [Sing thou, or chant thou, the poetry, if thou be uttering it: verily the singing, or chanting, this poetry is a مضمار (expl. in art. ضمر )]. (TA.) تَغَنِّ بِالشِّعْرِ إِمَّا كُنْتَ قَائِلَهُ | إِنَّ الغِنَآءَ بهٰذَا الشِعْرِ مِضْمَارُ

Nounغَنِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — free from want; in a state of competence; rich, possessing much wealthgenerated

1I am sufficed by such a thing, so as to be free from want of anything else—أَنَا غَنِىٌّ بِكَذَا عَنْ غَيْرِهِ

This word and غَانٍ: see sense 1, first half, each in two places. Both mean free from want, in a state of competence or sufficiency, or rich, or possessing much property or wealth.

Plural of the former أَغْنِيَآءُ. An example of the former occurs in the verse cited under form 6.

1.1the Self-sufficient—الغَنِىُّ

As a name of God: He who has no need of anyone in anything.

Qur’ānic occurrences غَنِىّ 2 shown of 24

29:6

وَمَن جَـٰهَدَ فَإِنَّمَا يُجَـٰهِدُ لِنَفْسِهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَغَنِىٌّ عَنِ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ

And if any strive (with might and main), they do so for their own souls: for Allah is free of all needs from all creation.

31:26

لِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلْغَنِىُّ ٱلْحَمِيدُ

To Allah belong all things in heaven and earth: verily Allah is He (that is) free of all wants, worthy of all praise.

Show Lane's original text

and غَانٍ : see 1, former half; each in two places: both signify [Free from want; or in a state of competence, or sufficiency; or rich, or wealthy; or] possessing much property or wealth: (K, * TA:) pl. of the former أَغْنِيَآءُ . (Msb, TA.) See an ex. of the former in a verse cited above, conj. 6. One says, أَنَا غَنِىٌّ بِكَذَا عَنْ غَيْرِهِ [I am sufficed by such a thing, or satisfied, or content, with it, so as to be free from want of another thing]. (Msb.) الغَنِىُّ as a name of God signifies [The Self-sufficient; i. e.] He who has no need of any one in any thing. (TA.)

Nounغَنَّآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — a singergenerated

A singer; and so مُغَنٍّ; مُغَنِّيَةٌ is a female singer, a songstress.

According to Ibn-Yaʿeesh, a مُغَنٍّ is called لِأَنَّهُ يُغَنِّنُ صَوْتَهُ because he makes his voice to have in it a غُنَّة, a sort of nasal sound, or twang; in his opinion the word was originally مُغَنِّنٌ, with three instances of ن, the last of which is changed into ى when one says المُغَنِّى, to make the utterance easier (Mughnee, art. حَرْفُ النُّونِ).

Show Lane's original text

A singer; (MA;) [as also مُغَنٍّ ; and مُغَنِّيَةٌ a female singer, a songstress:] accord. to Ibn-Ya'eesh, a مُغَنٍّ is thus called لِأَنَّهُ يُغَنِّنُ صَوْتَهُ , i. e. because he makes his voice to have in it a غُنَّة [or sort of nasal sound, or twang]; the word being, in his opinion, originally, مُغَنِّنٌ , with three ن , the last of which is changed into ى , when one says المُغَنِّى , for the purpose of alleviating the utterance. (Mughnee, art. حَرْفُ النُّونِ .)

Nounغَانٍ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a young woman sufficed by her husband, or by her own beautygenerated

See غَنِىٌّ.

1.1a young woman who is sufficed by her husband, so as to need no other—غَانِيَةٌ

Sometimes also applied to a woman whose beauty suffices her, so that she has no need of women's ornaments; or one who is sought, or desired, by men, but does not seek, or desire.

Or one who has stayed in the house, or tent, of her father and mother, and whom captivity has not befallen, which is the strangest of the explanations; or one who is youthful and chaste, whether having a husband or not; or, according to AO, one that is married; or, according to Az, one who pleases men and is pleased by شَبَاب, which means both youthfulness and youths, or young men.

Plural غَوَانٍ; with the article, الغَوَانِى; also غَانِيَاتٌ (see an example in a verse cited in sense 2 of art. زج).

In the saying of Ibn-Er-Rukeiyāt: [May God not bless those young women who are sufficed by their husbands, or by their beauty: do they enter upon the time of dawn without any occasion of seeking, or of desire?]

shāhid

لَا بَارَكَ ٱللّٰهُ فِى الغَوَانِىِ هَلْيُصْبِحْنَ إِلَّا لَهُنَّ مُطَّلَبُ

— the ى being made movent by a poetic licence.

Another poet uses الغَوَانِ for الغَوَانِى.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَنِىٌّ . [The fem.] غَانِيَةٌ signifies A young woman who is sufficed by her husband; or satisfied, or content, with him, (S, Msb, TA, *) so as to be in no need, or free from want, of any other: (Msb:) and sometimes, also, applied to a woman, (S,) such as is sufficed by her beauty, (S, ISd, K, TA,) so as to be in no need of decoration (ISd, K, TA) with women's ornaments: (ISd, TA:) or such as is sought, or desired, by men, but does not seek, or desire: (ISd, K, * TA:) or such as has abode in the house, or tent, of her father and mother, and whom captivity ( سِبَآء ) has not befallen; (IJ, ISd, K, * TA;) which is the strangest of the explanations: (TA:) or such as is youthful and chaste, whether having a husband or not: (ISd, K, TA:) or, accord. to AO, one that is married: (Ham p. 226:) or, accord. to Az, such as pleases men, and is pleased by شَبَاب [which means both youthfulness and youths or young men]: (TA:) pl. غَوَانٍ ; (K;) with the article, الغَوَانِى ; [and also غَانِيَاتٌ : (see an ex. in a verse cited in the second paragraph of art. زج :)] in the saying of Ibn-Er-Rukeiyát, 1 [May God not bless those young women that are sufficed by their husbands, or by their beauty, &c.: do they enter upon the time of dawn without their having desire (lit. a time or place, meaning an occasion, of seeking, or desire) ?], the ى is made movent by a poetic license: (S, TA:) and another poet uses الغَوَانِ for الغَوَانِى . (TA.) لَا بَارَكَ ٱللّٰهُ فِى الغَوَانِىِ هَلْ | يُصْبِحْنَ إِلَّا لَهُنَّ مُطَّلَبُ

Nounأَغْنَآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — the goods and chattels, or paraphernalia, of bridesgenerated

A plural of which the singular is not mentioned: the أَمْلَاكَات, meaning the goods and chattels, or paraphernalia, of brides.

Show Lane's original text

[a pl. of which the sing. is not mentioned,] The أَمْلَاكَات [meaning Goods and chattels, or paraphernalia,] of brides. (Az, K.)

Nounأُغْنِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a song; an air, or tunegenerated

This word and إِغْنِيَّةٌ, and each of them also without teshdeed: see غِنَآءٌ, latter half.

Show Lane's original text

and إِغْنِيَّةٌ , and each of them also without teshdeed: see غِنَآءٌ , latter half.

Nounمَغْنًى5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a place of abode, once occupied by its inhabitantsgenerated

See form 4, first half.

1.1

And see غَنًى.

1.2

And see غِنًى, near the end.

1.3

Also a place in which its occupants, or inhabitants, once were; or a place of abode by which its occupants were sufficed, or with which they were content, and from which they then departed, or removed; or, in a general sense, a place of abode, absolutely, though this seems to be a distinct application.

Plural مَغَانٍ; with the article, المَغَانِى.