غفر

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form 8 · Form 10 · Form 11 · Form Q. Q.2 · 35 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 234

Form 1غَفَرَهُ10 senses · 4 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarغَفْرٌ مَغْفَرِةٌ غَفَرٌ اِغْفِيرَارٌ

Core sense — he covered, concealed it; he forgave, pardoned the singenerated

1.1

He covered it, veiled it, concealed it, or hid it — said of anything.. This is the primary meaning.

1.1.1he covered the white, or hoary, hair with dye—غَفَر الشَّيْبَ بِالخِضَابِ

Also أَغْفَرَهُ.

1.1.2he put the goods, or utensils, into the bag and concealed them—غَفَرَ المَتَاعَ

Also فِى الوِعَآءِ, and اغفرهُ.

1.1.3he (God) covered his sin, crime, or offence; he forgave it, pardoned it—غَفَرَ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ

(or this is a simple noun), and غُفْرَانٌ, غَفْرٌ, غُفُورٌ, غَفِيرٌ, and غَفِيرةٌ.

he forgave him what he had done—اغتفر ذَنْبَهُ

Also اغتفر لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ.

Or غُفْرَانٌ and مَغْفِرَةٌ, on the part of God, mean preserving a man from being touched by punishment.

Sometimes غَفَرَ لَهُ means he forgave him, or pardoned him, apparently but not really; so it is used in the Qur'ān 45:13, according to the B.

I beg forgiveness of You, O God, and a she-camel abounding in milk, and might among the kinsfolk, for these are easy things for You—أَسْأَلُكَ الغَفِيرَهْ وَالنَّاقَةَ الغَزيِرَهْ وَالعِزَّ فِى العَشِيرَهْ فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ يَسِيرَهْ

Cited from a certain Arab, on the authority of the K, as an example of the last of the maṣdars mentioned above.

[See also the paragraph beginning with غَفِيرَةٌ.]

Lane cites “Kur xlv. 13” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

1.1.4

Zuheyr uses the verb figuratively:

shāhid

أَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهَا غَفَلَاتُهَا

— meaning: she lost her young one, and her acts of negligence about her young one were not forgiven her by the wild beasts, so they ate it.

1.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredhe set the affair right with what was needed to set it right—غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ

Also بِغَفِيرَتِهِ. [Literally, he covered the affair with its cover.]

[And اغتفرهُ perhaps means the same: see مُرْتَأَبٌ in art. رأب.]

1.2it became villous—غَفِرَ

Said of a garment or piece of cloth.; also اغفارّ.

1.3it broke out again, or went back to a bad state—غَفَرَ

Said of a wound.; also غَفِرَ [of which another meaning follows].

he relapsed into illness after recovering—غَفَرَ

Apparently from this, it is also said of a man deep in love: he felt his desire return after being consoled.

Said of a sick person; also غُفِرَ; and the same is said of a wounded person.

1.3.1it healed—غَفِرَ

Said of a wound; so the verb has two opposite meanings.

1.4the beasts, or other things, brought there for sale made the market cheap—غَفَرَ الجَلَبُ السُّوقَ

Explained as رَخَّصَهَا, more correctly أَرْخَصَهَا.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 5 shown of 62

23:118

وَقُل رَّبِّ ٱغْفِرْ وَٱرْحَمْ وَأَنتَ خَيْرُ ٱلرَّٰحِمِينَ

So say: "O my Lord! grant Thou forgiveness and mercy for Thou art the Best of those who show mercy!"

26:82

وَٱلَّذِىٓ أَطْمَعُ أَن يَغْفِرَ لِى خَطِيٓـَٔتِى يَوْمَ ٱلدِّينِ

"And who, I hope, will forgive me my faults on the day of Judgment.

26:86

وَٱغْفِرْ لِأَبِىٓ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مِنَ ٱلضَّآلِّينَ

"Forgive my father, for that he is among those astray;

36:27

بِمَا غَفَرَ لِى رَبِّى وَجَعَلَنِى مِنَ ٱلْمُكْرَمِينَ

"For that my Lord has granted me Forgiveness and has enrolled me among those held in honour!"

42:43

وَلَمَن صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمِنْ عَزْمِ ٱلْأُمُورِ

But indeed if any show patience and forgive, that would truly be an exercise of courageous will and resolution in the conduct of affairs.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. غَفِرَ , (K,) inf. n. غَفْرٌ , (S, Mgh, Msb,) He covered, veiled, concealed, or hid, it; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. e., anything. (TA.) This is the primary signification. (Mgh, Msb.) [Hence] غَفَر الشَّيْبَ بِالخِضَابِ He covered, or concealed, the white, or hoary, hair with dye; (K;) as also أَغْفَرَهُ . (TA.) And غَفَرَ المَتَاعَ , (S, K,) فِى الوِعَآءِ , (K,) He put the goods, or utensils, into the bag, or receptacle, and concealed them; (K;) as also اغفرهُ . (K.) [Hence also] غَفَرَ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ , (S, Msb, * K,) aor. غَفِرَ , (K,) inf. n. مَغْفَرِةٌ , (S, K,) or this is a simple subst., (Msb,) and غُفْرَانٌ and غَفْرٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُفُورٌ (Lh, K) and غَفِيرٌ and غَفِيرةٌ , (K,) He (God) covered, his sin, crime, or offence; (K;) forgave it; pardoned it; (Msb, K;) as also اغتفر ذَنْبَهُ , (S,) or اغتفر لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ he forgave him what he had done: (Msb:) or غُفْرَانٌ and مَغْفِرَةٌ , on the part of God, signify the preserving a man from being touched by punishment: and sometimes غَفَرَ لَهُ signifies [he forgave him, or pardoned him: and also] he forgave him, or pardoned him, apparently, but not really; and thus it is used in the Kur xlv. 13, accord. to the B. (TA.) As an ex. of the last of the inf. ns. mentioned above on the authority of the K, the following saying, of a certain Arab, is cited: أَسْأَلُكَ الغَفِيرَهْ وَالنَّاقَةَ الغَزيِرَهْ وَالعِزَّ فِى العَشِيرَهْ فَإِنَّهَا عَلَيْكَ يَسِيرَهْ [I beg of Thee (O God) forgiveness, and a she-camel abounding in milk, and might among the kinsfolk, or in the tribe, for they are to Thee things easy]. (TA.) [See also the paragraph commencing with غَفِيرَةٌ .] In the following saying of Zuheyr, the verb is used tropically: 1 meaning [She lost her young one, and] her acts of negligence with respect to her young one were not forgiven her, by the wild beasts, so they ate it. (TA.) أَضَاعَتْ فَلَمْ تُغْفَرْ لَهَا غَفَلَاتُهَا غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ , (S, * K,) and بِغَفِيرَتِهِ , (K,) aor. غَفِرَ , (S,) [lit. He covered the affair with its cover,] means he rectified the affair with that wherewith it was requisite that it should be rectified. (S, K.) [And اغتفرهُ perhaps signifies the same: see مُرْتَأَبٌ , in art. رأب .] غَفِرَ , aor. غَفَرَ , (S, K,) inf. n. غَفَرٌ , (S,) It (a garment, or piece of cloth,) became villous; as also اغفارّ , (S, K,) inf. n. اِغْفِيرَارٌ . (S.) غَفَرَ , (S, K,) aor. غَفِرَ , inf. n. غَفْرٌ , (S,) It (a wound) became recrudescent; or reverted to a bad, or corrupt, state; (S, K;) as also غَفِرَ , [of which see another meaning in what follows,] aor. غَفَرَ , inf. n. غَفَرٌ . (S.) And in like manner the former is said of a sick person: (S:) [i. e.] غَفَرَ signifies likewise He (a sick person) relapsed into disease, after convalescence; as also غُفِرَ : (K, TA:) and in like manner one says of a wounded person. (TA.) And [hence, app.,] it is also said of an excessive lover, meaning He experienced a return of his desire, (K, TA,) after consolation. (TA.) غَفِرَ said of a wound signifies also It healed: thus having two contr. meanings. (IKtt, TA.) غَفَرَ الجَلَبُ السُّوقَ , (K, TA,) aor. غَفِرَ , inf. n. غَفْرٌ , (TA,) means رَخَّصَهَا [more correctly أَرْخَصَهَا i. e. The beasts, or other things, brought thither for sale, made the market cheap]. (K, TA.)

Form 2غفّرهُ1 sense

Core sense — he said, may God cover his sins and forgive himgenerated

2.1he said: may God cover his sins; may God forgive him, or pardon him—غَفَرَ ٱللّٰهُ لَهُ

Show Lane's original text

He said غَفَرَ ٱللّٰهُ لَهُ [May God cover his sins, &c.; may God forgive him, or pardon him]. (TA, from a trad.)

Form 4اغفر5 senses · 4 main

Core sense — it produced small herbage, or its gum; she had young, said of a mountain-goatgenerated

4.1

See form 1, in two places.

4.2it produced some small herbage—أَغْفَرَتْ

Said of land: it produced غَفَر, meaning small herbage — herbage like the nap of cloth.

4.2.1it exuded, or produced, its مَغَافِير—اغفر

Said of land: it produced its مَغَافِير [plural of مُغْفُورٌ].

Said of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, and of the عُرْفُط and the like.

4.3she had a young one, or young ones—اغفرت

Said of a mountain-goat; from غُفْرٌ.

4.4the palm-trees had on their unripe dates something like bark, or crust—اغفر النَّخْلُ

The people of El-Medeeneh call this الغَفَا [or الغَفَى].

Show Lane's original text

: see 1, in two places. أَغْفَرَتْ It (land) produced somewhat of غَفَر , meaning small herbage: (TA:) [i. e.] it produced herbage like the nap of cloth. (O, L, TA. *) And It (land) produced its مَغَافِير [pl. of مُغْفُورٌ , q. v.]. (IAth, O, L, TA.) And اغفر It (the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث , S, and the عُرْفُط , [&c.,] TA) exuded, or produced, its مَغَافِير . (S, TA.) Also, i. e. اغفرت , [from غُفْرٌ , q. v.,] She (a mountaingoat) had a young one, or young ones. (O, TA.) And اغفر النَّخْلُ The palm-tress had, upon their unripe dates, what resembled bark, or crust; (O, K, TA;) which the people of El-Medeeneh term الغَفَا [or الغَفَى ]. (O, TA.)

Form 5تغفّر1 sense

Core sense — he gathered the sweet gum, or manna, from its treesgenerated

5.1he gathered what is called مِغْفَر and مُغْفُور—تَمَغْفَرَ

[See the latter of these two words.]

Whoever says مُغْفُور says خَرَجْنَا نَتَمَغْفَرُ, and whoever says مِغْفَر says خرجنا نَتَغَفَّرُ: we went out to gather مغفور or مغفر from its trees.

Show Lane's original text

and تَمَغْفَرَ He gathered what is called مِغْفَر and مُغْفُور [see the latter of these two words]. (S, K.) He who says مُغْفُور says خَرَجْنَا نَتَمَغْفَرُ , and he who says مِغْفَر says خرجنا نَتَغَفَّرُ , We went forth to gather مغفور , or مغفر , from its trees. (S.)

Form 6تغافرا1 sense

Core sense — they two prayed each for the other's forgivenessgenerated

6.1

They two prayed, each for the other, for the covering of sins and the like, or for forgiveness, or pardon.

Show Lane's original text

They two prayed for the covering of sins, &c., or for forgiveness, or pardon, each for the other. (TA.)

Form 8إِغْتَفَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he covered it, concealed it; he forgave it, pardoned itgenerated

8.1

See form 1, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

see the first paragraph, in two places.

Form 10استغفر ٱللّٰهَ1 sense

Core sense — he begged of God forgiveness, or pardongenerated

10.1he begged of God forgiveness, or pardon—استغفر اللّٰه مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ

He sought from God the covering, or forgiveness, or pardon, of his sin, crime, or offence, by word and by deed; for God requires this, not with the tongue only.

Also لِذَنْبِهِ and ذَنْبَهُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 10 1 shown of 36

51:18

وَبِٱلْأَسْحَارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

And in the hour of early dawn, they (were found) praying for Forgiveness;

Show Lane's original text

, (Msb,) and استغفر اللّٰه مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ , (S, K,) and لِذَنْبِهِ , (S,) and ذَنْبَهُ , (K,) He begged of God forgiveness, or pardon; (Msb;) he sought of God the covering, or forgiveness, or pardon, of his sin, crime, or offence, (K, TA,) by word and by deed; for so God requires one to do; not with the tongue only. (TA.)

Form 11إِغْفَاْرَّ1 sense

Core sense — it became villous, said of a garment or piece of clothgenerated

11.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text

see the first paragraph.

Form Q. Q.2تَمَغْفَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he gathered the sweet gum, or manna, from its treesgenerated

Q. Q.2.1

See form 5, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see 5, in two places.

Derived nouns 26

Nounغَفْرٌ5 senses

Core sense — the belly; a thing like a sack; the Fifteenth Mansion of the Moongenerated

See غَفَرٌ, in two places.

See also غُفْرٌ.

Also the belly.

Also a certain thing like the [sack called] جُوَالِق.

5the star in the left foot of Virgo—الغَفْرُ

So Kzw in his description of Virgo.

Or three faint stars, or three small stars — most probably, I think, stars of Virgo, though they are said to belong to Libra; Freytag supposed otherwise, referring to Ideler's Untersuchungen, pp. 169 and 288. It is one of the Mansions of the Moon, namely the Fifteenth. (Kzw in his description of the Mansions.)

Show Lane's original text

: see غَفَرٌ , in two places. See also غُفْرٌ . Also The belly. (K.) And A certain thing like the [sack called] جُوَالِق . (K.) And الغَفْرُ is the name of The star [ ] in the left foot of Virgo: (Kzw in his Descr. of Virgo:) or three obscure stars, (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) or three small stars, (S, K,) [most probably, I think, (not and and , as supposed by Freytag, who refers to Ideler's “ Untersuch. ” pp. 169 and 288, but) and and of Virgo, though said to be] belonging to Libra: (S:) one of the Mansions of the Moon, (S, K,) namely, the Fifteenth. (Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions.)

Nounغُفْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the young of the mountain-goatgenerated

The young of the mountain-goat; also غَفْرٌ, but the first is the more common and the second rare.

Plural, of paucity, أَغْفَارٌ; of multitude, غِفَرَةٌ and غُفُورٌ.

The female is called غُفْرَةٌ; and it is said that غُفْرٌ is used both of one and of a plural number.

The phrase غُفْرٌ كَثِيرٌ is mentioned [as meaning many young ones of the mountain-goat].

Show Lane's original text

The young of the mountain-goat; (S, K;) as also غَفْرٌ ; but the former is the more common; (K;) the latter, rare: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَغْفَارٌ and [of mult.] غِفَرَةٌ (S, K) and غُفُورٌ : (Kr, K:) the female is termed غُفْرَةٌ : and it is said that غُفْرٌ is an appellation of one and of a pl. number: the phrase غُفْرٌ كَثِيرٌ is mentioned [as meaning many young ones of the mountain-goat]. (TA.)

Nounغِفْرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the young of the wild cow; also a small creeping thinggenerated

The young of the cow — probably meaning of the bovine antelope called the wild cow. So El-Hejeree.

1.1

Also a certain دُوَيْبَّة [by which may be meant a small beast, creeping thing, or insect]: so, says IDrd, they assert.

Show Lane's original text

The young of the cow [probably meaning of the bovine antelope called the wild cow]. (ElHejeree, K.) And A certain دُوَيْبَّة [by which may be meant a small beast or creeping thing, or an insect]: (IDrd, O, K:) so, says IDrd, they assert. (O.)

Nounغَفَرٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — hair like down; the nap of a garment; small herbagegenerated

Hair like down, such as is on the shank of a woman, on the forehead, and the like; also غَفْرٌ and غُفَارٌ.

Or the hair of the neck, of the jaws, and of the back of the neck; also غَفِيرٌ according to the copies of the K, but غَفْرٌ according to the L and other lexicons; and the small, short hairs of the body.

1.1the growth of hair where the mane of a horse or similar beast is—غَفَرٌ

1.2

Also the nap, or villous surface, of a garment or piece of cloth and the like; غَفْرٌ means the same. Ism waḥda غَفْرَةٌ [and apparently غَفَرَةٌ].

غَفَرٌ is also explained as the هُدْب [apparently here too the nap, or pile, or perhaps the unwoven end] of a garment or piece of cloth, and particularly of the thin and soft sorts of what are called خَمَائِص and قُطُف [plurals of خَمِيصَةٌ and قَطِيفَةٌ], but not the ends of أَرْدِيَة and مَلَاحِف [plurals of رِدَآءٌ and مِلْحَفَةٌ].

1.3

Also small herbage: a kind of small, sprouting herbage of the season called رَبِيع, growing in plain, soft land and on the [eminences termed] آكام [plural of أَكَمَةٌ].

When green it looks like green passerine birds standing; when it has dried up, like red ones, not standing.

Show Lane's original text

(S, K, TA) and غَفْرٌ (S, TA) and غُفَارٌ (S, K, TA) Hair like down, such as is upon the shank of a woman, and upon the forehead, and the like thereof: (S, TA:) or the hair of the neck, and of the jaws, and of the back of the neck; (K, TA;) as also غَفِيرٌ accord. to the copies of the K, but accord. to the L and other lexicons غَفْرٌ : and the small, short, hairs of the body. (TA.) And غَفَرٌ signifies also The growth of hair in the place of the mane of a horse or similar beast. (TA.) And The nap, or villous substance, upon the surface of a garment, or piece of cloth, (S, K, TA,) and the like thereof; (TA;) and غَفْرٌ signifies the same: (K, TA:) n. un. غَفْرَةٌ [and app. غَفَرَةٌ ]: and غَفَرٌ is also expl. as signifying the هُدْب [app. here meaning likewise nap, or pile, or perhaps the unwoven end,] of a garment, or piece of cloth, and [particularly] of the thin and soft sorts of what are termed خَمَائِص and قُطُف [pls. of خَمِيصَةٌ and قَطِيفَةٌ ]; but not the extremities of أَرْدِيَة and مَلَاحِف [pls. of رِدَآءٌ and مِلْحَفَةٌ ]. (TA.) And Small herbage; (K:) [or] a sort of small, sprouting herbage, of the [season called] رَبِيع , growing in plain, or soft, land, and upon the [eminences termed] آكام [pl. of أَكَمَةٌ ]; when green, resembling green passerine birds standing; and when it has dried up, resembling such as are red, not standing. (L, TA. *)

Nounهُوَغَفِرُ القَفَا1 sense

Core sense — he is one who has downy hair upon the back of his neckgenerated

1she is one who has غَفَر on her face—هِىَ غَفِرَةُ الوَجْهِ

He is one who has [hair such as is termed] غَفَر on the back of his neck.

Show Lane's original text

means He is one who has [hair such as is termed] غَفَر upon the back of his neck: and هِىَ غَفِرَةُ الوَجْهِ , she is one who has غَفَر upon her face. (AHn, K, * TA.)

Nounغُفْرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a cover; a thing with which another thing is coveredgenerated

A cover; a thing with which something else is covered.

[Hence] one says غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ and بِغَفِيرَتِهِ, explained above: see form 1.

Show Lane's original text

A cover; a thing with which another thing is covered. (S.) [Hence] one says, غَفَرَ الأَمْرَ بِغُفْرَتِهِ (S, K) and بِغَفِيرَتِهِ (K) expl. above: see 1.

Nounغِفْرَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a good manner of covering, or forgiving, sinsgenerated

A good manner of covering, forgiving, or pardoning sins and the like.

Show Lane's original text

A good manner of covering, forgiving, or pardoning, sins, &c. (Lh, K.)

Nounغُفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — hair like down, upon the neck, jaws, and foreheadgenerated

See غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَفَرٌ , first sentence.

Nounغِفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheekgenerated

A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheek [apparently of a camel].

Show Lane's original text

A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon the cheek [app. of a camel]. (TA.)

Nounغَفُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — very forgiving, covering and forgiving sins muchgenerated

See غَافِرٌ, in three places.

Qur’ānic occurrences غَفُور 1 shown of 91

85:14

وَهُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلْوَدُودُ

And He is the Oft-Forgiving, Full of Loving-Kindness,

Show Lane's original text

: see غَافِرٌ , in three places.

Nounجَمَّآءُ غَفِيرٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — they came all together, none remaining behind; also a helmet enclosing the whole headgenerated

A helmet that encloses and covers the whole head.

AO says, in his Book on the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, that بَيْضَةٌ is a general name for a helmet, which has plates like the bones of the skull, fastened together edge to edge with nails.

1.1they came all together, high and low, none of them staying behind, and they being many—جَاؤُوا جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرًا

The same is said with الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ, جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرِ, جَمًّا غَفِيرًا, الجَمَّ الغَفِيرَ, جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ, جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَى, جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرَةً, الغَفِيرَةَ الجَمَّآءَ, جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَةِ, جَمَّ الغَفِيرَةِ, بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرِ, and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرَةِ.

According to Sb, it (الجمّآء الغفير, the only form he mentions) is a noun put in the place of a maṣdar, that is, put in the accusative like a maṣdar of the same meaning, as when you say مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ جُمُومًا كَثِيرًا [I passed by them, they being very many].

It is not a verb, but is put in the accusative like a maṣdar of the same meaning, as when you say جَاؤُونِى جَمِيعًا, قَاطِبَةً, طُرًّا, and كَافَّةً [they came to me all together]; and the article ال is prefixed as it is in the saying أَوْرَدَهَا العِرَاكَ, meaning أَوْرَدَهَا عِرَاكًا [he brought the camels to the water all together].

Sb says that it is one of those expressions of state that take the article ال, and is irregular; and that الغفير is an adjective inseparable from الجمّآء, meaning that you do not say الجمّآء and then stop.

Others hold it to be a maṣdar.

IAmb allows it in the nominative, on condition that هُم is understood before it, the full phrase being جَاؤُوا هُمُ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفِيرُ.

Ks says that the Arabs put الجمّاء الغفير in the accusative فِى التَّمَامِ [that is, when it comes after a statement already complete with its agent, as when you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ], and in the nominative فِى النُّقْصَانِ [that is, when what precedes is not a complete statement and is completed only by it as the agent, as when you say جَآءَ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفيِرُ].

1.2three hundred and fifteen — a great number—ثَلٰثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ

In a tradition, Mohammad answered this when Aboo-Dharr asked him how many the apostles were.

See also غَفَرٌ, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text

A helmet that encloses and embraces the whole head. (K.) AO says, in his “ Book on the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, ” that بَيْضَةٌ is a general name for a helmet, which has plates like the bones of the skull, fastened together, edge to edge, by nails. (TA.) جَاؤُوا جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرًا , and الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ , (S, K,) and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرِ , and جَمًّا غَفِيرًا , and الجَمَّ الغَفِيرَ , and جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ , and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَى , and جَمَّآءَ غَفِيرَةً , and الغَفِيرَةَ الجَمَّآءَ , and جَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَةِ , and جَمَّ الغَفِيرَةِ , and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرِ , and بِجَمَّآءِ الغَفِيرَةِ , (K,) are phrases meaning They came all together, high and low, none of them remaining behind, and they being many: (S, K:) accord. to Sb, (K,) it ( الجمّآء الغفير , S, which is the only form that he mentions, TA, [or rather the former of these two words,]) is a subst., (S, K,) put in the place of an inf. n., (K,) i. e. put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, (TA,) i. e., [as when you say] مَرَرْتُ بِهِمْ جُمُومًا كَثِيرًا [I passed by them they being very many]: (K:) it is not a verb, [by which is here meant, as in many other instances, an inf. n.,] but is put in the accus. case like an inf. n. of the same meaning, as when you say جَاؤُونِى جَمِيعًا , and قَاطِبَةً , and طُرًّا , and كَافَّةً , [They came to me all together,] and the article ال is prefixed like as it is prefixed in the saying أَوْرَدَهَا العِرَاكَ , meaning أَوْرَدَهَا عِرَاكًا [He brought them (the camels) to the water all together]: (S:) Sb says that it is one of those denotatives of state which have the art. ال prefixed, and is extr.; and that الغفير is an epithet inseparable from الجمّآء ; meaning that you do not say الجمّآء and then be silent: (TA:) others hold it to be an inf. n.: IAmb allows it to be in the nom. case, on the condition that هُم is understood [before it; i. e., the complete phrase being جَاؤُوا هُمُ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفِيرُ ]: and Ks says that the Arabs put الجمّاء الغفير in the accus. case فِى التَّمَامِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring after a proposition rendered complete by the mention of the agent. as when you say جَآءَ القَوْمُ الجَمَّآءَ الغَفِيرَ ], and in the nom. case فِى النُّقْصَانِ [i. e. in the case of its occurring when what precedes it is not a complete proposition, and is only rendered complete by it as the agent, as when you say جَآءَ الجَمَّآءُ الغَفيِرُ ]. (K.) It is said in a trad., that Mohammad, being asked by Aboo-Dharr, what was the number of the apostles, answered ثَلٰثُمِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ جَمَّ الغَفِيرِ , meaning, Three hundred and fifteen: a great number. (Nh, TA.) See also غَفَرٌ , first sentence.

Nounغِفَارَةٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a rag worn beneath a woman's head-covering; a patch; a cloud above another cloudgenerated

See مِغْفَرٌ, in three places.

1.1

Also a piece of rag worn beneath the مِقْنَعَة, by which a woman keeps it from the oil or grease on her head; according to one of my copies of the S, by which she keeps her head clean.

Or a piece of rag by which a woman keeps her خِمَار from the oil or grease; or a piece of rag with which she covers the front and the back of her head, but not the middle.

1.2

[Also a cloth that is spread upon the camel-litter. Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.]

1.3

Also a patch put upon the notch of a bow, or a piece of skin at its head over which the string runs.

1.4

Also a cloud that is as though it were above another cloud.

1.5

Also the head of a mountain.

Show Lane's original text

: see مِغْفَرٌ , in three places. Also A piece of rag worn beneath the مِقْنَعَة [q. v.], by which a woman preserves it from the oil or grease [on her head]: (S: [accord to one of my copies of the S, “ preserves her head: ” ]) or a piece of rag by which a woman preserves her خِمَار [q. v.] from the oil or grease: (K:) or a piece of rag with which a woman covers the fore part and the hind part (but not the middle) of her head. (TA.) [And A cloth that is spread upon the camel-litter. (Freytag, from the Deewán of the Hudhalees.)] And A patch ( رُقْعَة ) that is put upon the notch, (S, K,) or a piece of skin which is upon the head, (TA,) upon which runs the string, of the bow. (S, K, TA.) And A cloud (S, K) that is as though it were (S) above another cloud. (S, K.) And The head of a mountain. (K.)

Nounغَفِيرَةٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a disposition to forgive; abundance and increase in family and propertygenerated

See غُفْرَةٌ, and form 1.

1.1there is no disposition to forgive in them—مَا فِيهِمْ غَفِيرَةٌ

They forgive no one a sin, a crime, or an offence.

they have no disposition to excuse and none to forgive—مَاعِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ وَلَا غَفِيرَةٌ

They neither excuse nor forgive anyone a sin, a crime, or an offence.

on this sense The rájiz Sakhr-el-Ghei said, on seeing his companions, with whom he was travelling, flee from the Benu-l-Mustalik whom they chanced to meet:

shāhid

يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِمُ غَفِيرَهْفَٱمْشُوا كَمَا تَمْشِى جِمَالُ الحِيرَهْ

[O my people, there is no disposition to forgive in them: so march as the camels of El-Heereh march].

on this sense He named the camels of El-Heereh in particular because they carry burdens; and he meant: march heavily, defend yourselves, and do not flee.

Also abundance, and increase, in family and in cattle or other property.

See also غَفِيرٌ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text

: see غُفْرَةٌ , and 1. مَا فِيهِمْ غَفِيرَةٌ [There is not in them any disposition to forgive;] means they do not forgive any one a sin, a crime, or an offence. (S, K.) And مَاعِنْدَهُمْ عَذِيرَةٌ وَلَا غَفِيرَةٌ [They have not a disposition to excuse nor a disposition to forgive;] means they do not excuse nor do they forgive a sin, a crime, or an offence, of any one. (TA.) The rájiz (Sakhr-el-Ghei, L) said, (on seeing his companions, with whom he was journeying, fly from the Benu-l-Mustalik, whom they chanced to meet, L,) 1 [O my people, there is not in them any disposition to forgive: therefore march ye as march the camels of El-Heereh]: (S, L:) he mentioned particularly the camels of El-Heereh because they carry burdens; and meant, march ye heavily, and defend yourselves, and do not fly. (L.) يَا قَوْمِ لَيْسَتْ فِيهِمُ غَفِيرَهْ | فَٱمْشُوا كَمَا تَمْشِى جِمَالُ الحِيرَهْ Also Abundance, and increase, in family and cattle or other property. (TA, from a trad.) See also غَفِيرٌ , in five places.

Nounغَفِيرَى1 sense

Core sense — all together, high and low, none remaining behindgenerated

See غَفِيرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَفِيرٌ .

Nounغَفَّارٌ1 sense

Core sense — very forgiving, one who covers and forgives sins muchgenerated

See the next entry.

Qur’ānic occurrences غَفَّار 1 shown of 5

71:10

فَقُلْتُ ٱسْتَغْفِرُوا۟ رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ غَفَّارًا

"Saying, 'Ask forgiveness from your Lord; for He is Oft-Forgiving;

Show Lane's original text

: see the next paragraph.

Nounغَافِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — forgiving, covering and forgiving the sins of his servantsgenerated

This, and غَفُورٌ and غَفَّارٌ, are adjectives applied to God, the second and third being intensive; the first means covering and forgiving the sins, crimes, and offences of his servants, [or simply forgiving; and the other two, covering and forgiving them much, or very forgiving.]

The plural of غَفُورٌ is غُفُرٌ.

غَفُورٌ is also applied to a woman, without ة.

Qur’ānic occurrences غَافِر 1 shown of 2

40:3

غَافِرِ ٱلذَّنۢبِ وَقَابِلِ ٱلتَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ ٱلْعِقَابِ ذِى ٱلطَّوْلِ ۖ لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ إِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

Who forgiveth sin, accepteth repentance, is strict in punishment, and hath a long reach (in all things). there is no god but He: to Him is the final goal.

Show Lane's original text

(TA) and غَفُورٌ (S, K, TA) and غَفَّارٌ (K, TA) are epithets applied to God. (K, TA,) the second and third of which are intensive; (TA;) meaning, [the first,] Covering and forgiving the sins, crimes, and offences, of his servants; [or simply forgiving; and the second and third, covering and forgiving much the sins, &c., of his servants; or very forgiving.] (S, * K, * TA) The pl. of غَفُورٌ is غُفُرٌ . (S.) And غَفُورٌ is also applied to a woman, without ة . (TA.)

Nounغَوْفَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the autumnal melon, or a species thereofgenerated

The autumn بِطِّيخ [i.e. melon or water-melon], or a species of it.

It is said that the بِطِّيخ and the غَوْفَر are among the things on which the giving of the tithe is not obligatory.

Show Lane's original text

The autumnal بِطِّيخ [i. e. melon or water-melon]: (K:) or a species thereof (Sgh, K, TA) It is said that the بِطِّيخ and the غَوْفَر are of those things in the cases of which the giving of the tithe is not incumbent. (Mgh.)

Nounأَغْفَرُ1 sense

Core sense — having the quality of covering, or concealing, in the greatest degreegenerated

1dye your garment, or piece of cloth, with black—اُصْبُغْ ثَوْبَكَ بالسَّوَادِ فَإِنَّهُ أَغْفَرُ لِوَسَخِهِ

For black bears and conceals its dirt in the greatest degree.

[Having the quality of covering, or the like, in a greater, or in the greatest, degree.]

Show Lane's original text

[Having the quality of covering, or the like, in a greater, or in the greatest, degree]. One says اُصْبُغْ ثَوْبَكَ بالسَّوَادِ فَإِنَّهُ أَغْفَرُ لِوَسَخِهِ Dye thou thy garment, or piece of cloth, with black; for it has the quality of bearing and concealing its dirt in the greatest degree. (S, * TA.)

Nounمُغْفُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of manna; a sweet gum exuded by certain treesgenerated

See مُغْفُورٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see مُغْفُورٌ , in two places.

Nounمُغْفِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a she-goat of the mountain having a young one, or young onesgenerated

Or مُغْفِرَةٌ, or that form also: a she-goat of the mountain having a young one or young ones. Plural مُغْفِرَاتٌ.

Show Lane's original text

, (O, TA,) or مُغْفِرَةٌ , (S,) or the latter also, (O, TA,) A she-goat of the mountain having a young one or young ones: (S, * O, * TA:) pl. مُغْفِرَاتٌ . (S, TA.)

Nounمِغْفَرٌ2 senses

Core sense — a piece of mail worn beneath the helmet; also the helmet itselfgenerated

What is worn beneath the helmet; or a piece of mail woven from the دِرْع [or coat of mail] to the size of the head, worn beneath the [kind of cap called] قَلَنْسُوَة; also مِغْفَرَةٌ and غِفَارَةٌ.

Or the رَفْرَف [or pendent part] of the helmet; or a piece of mail which an armed man — or, according to some lexicons, a man — wears in the manner of a قِنَاع; also مِغْفَرَةٌ and غِفَارَةٌ.

ISh: the مِغْفَر is a piece of mail which a man puts beneath the helmet, hanging down over the neck; and sometimes, he says, it is like the قَلَنْسُوَة except that it is more ample: a man throws it over his head and it reaches to the coat of mail, then the helmet is put on over it, and this مغفر hangs down on the shoulders.

Sometimes, too, the مغفر is [a covering for the head] made of دِيبَاج [i.e. silk brocade] and of [the cloth called] خَزّ, worn beneath the helmet.

According to AO in the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ are names for a portion of mail [forming a head-covering], which is also called تَسْبِغَةٌ; sometimes the rings are left exposed to view, and sometimes they are lined within and covered outside with دِيبَاج or خَزّ or [the kind of silk stuff called] بِزْيَوْن, and stuffed with something; and sometimes a قَوْنَس [or tapering top] of silver or the like is made above it.

The term مِغْفَر is also applied to the helmet itself.

See also مُغْفُورٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

What is worn beneath the helmet: (Mgh, Msb:) or a piece of mail, ( زَرَدٌ , S K,) woven (S) from the دِرْع [or coat of mail], (S, K,) according to the size of the head, (S,) worn beneath the [kind of cap called] قَلَنْسُوَة ; (S, K;) as also مِغْفَرَةٌ and غِفَارَةٌ : (K:) or the رَفْرَف [or pendent appertenance] of the helmet: (TA:) or a piece of mail, ( حَلَقٌ , or حِلَقٌ , as in different copies of the K,) which an armed man, (K,) or a man, accord. to some lexicons, (TA,) wears in the manner of a قِنَاع ( يَتَقَنَّعُ بِهَا ); as also مِغْفَرَةٌ and غِفَارَةٌ : (K:) accord. to ISh, the مِغْفَر is a piece of mail ( حَلَقٌ ) which a man puts beneath the helmet, hanging down upon the neck: and sometimes, he says, it is like the قَلَنْسُوَة , except that it is more ample; a man throws it upon his head, and it reaches to the coat of mail; then the helmet is put on over it; and this مغفر hangs down upon the shoulders: sometimes, also, the مغفر is [a covering for the head] made of دِيبَاج [i. e. silk brocade], and of [the cloth called] خَزّ [q. v.], beneath the helmet: accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, ” by AO, مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ are names applied to a portion of mail [forming a headcovering], which is also called تَسْبِغَةٌ [q. v.]; and sometimes the rings are exposed to view; and sometimes they line them within, and cover them externally, with دِيبَاج or خَزّ or [the kind of silk stuff called] بِزْيَوْن ; and they stuff it with something ( حشّوها بما كان ); and sometimes they make above it a قَوْنَس [or tapering top] of silver &c.: (TA:) the term مِغْفَر is also applied to the helmet itself. (Mgh.) See also مُغْفُورٌ , in three places.

Nounمِغْفَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a piece of mail worn beneath the helmetgenerated

See مِغْفَرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see مِغْفَرٌ , in two places.

Nounمِغْفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of manna; a sweet gum exuded by certain treesgenerated

See the next entry, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next paragraph, in two places.

Nounمُغْفُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of manna; a sweet gum exuded by certain trees, and eatengenerated

Also مِغْفَرٌ, مُغْفَرٌ, مِغْفَارٌ, and مِغْفيرٌ: the same as مُغْثُورٌ [a kind of manna]; a produce of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث, and sometimes of the عُشَر, the عُرْفُط, the ثُمَام, the سَلَم, the طَلْح, and the like.

The gum of the رمث and عرفط; the gum found upon the رمث, which is sweet and is eaten; a thing that flows, or exudes, from the ends of the twigs of the رمث, resembling دِبْس in colour. (ISh, explaining the plural مَغَافِيرُ.)

A gum that flows, or exudes, from the عرفط, not of pleasant smell; a gum resembling [the kind of sweetmeat called] نَاطِف, exuded by the عرفط, which is put into a piece of cloth, then sprinkled with water, and drunk.

Lth: مِغْفَارٌ is applied to the gum of the إِجَّاصَة. Some say that مِغْفَرٌ is applied to gum of a round shape, صُعْرُورٌ to gum shaped like a finger, and ذَوْبٌ to gum that flows upon the ground.

مِغْفَرٌ is also applied to a twig of a gum-tree from which a white fluid is wiped, and of it a sweet drink is made. [For بِهِ (with which), in the TA, I read مِنْهُ.]

Plural [of مُغْفُورٌ, مِغْفَارٌ, and مِغْفِيرٌ] مَغَافِيرُ; and [of مِغْفَرٌ and مُغْفُرٌ] مَغَافِرُ.

It is also said that مَغَافِيرُ is applied to a kind of sweet honey, like رُبّ except that it is white.

[Hence the saying:]

shāhid

هٰذَا الجَنَى لَا أَْنْ يُكَدَّ المُغْفُرُ

[this is gathering, not the scraping off of مغفر] — a proverb alluding to the preference of one thing over another, said to a man who obtains much good. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 874.]

Show Lane's original text

(AA, T, S, K, &c.) and مِغْفَرٌ (Ks, T, S, K) and مُغْفَرٌ and مِغْفَارٌ and مِغْفيرٌ (K) i. q. مُغْثُورٌ ; (T, S, K;) [A kind of manna;] a produce of the [species of tree, or shrub, called] رِمْث and sometimes of the عُشَر and the عُرْفُط and the ثُمَام and the سَلَم and the طَلْح &c.; (S;) the gum of the رمث and عرفط ; (T;) the gum that is found upon the رمث , which is sweet, and is eaten; (AA;) a thing that flows, or exudes, from the ends of the twigs of the رمث , resembling دِبْس in its colour; (ISh, in explanation of the pl. مَغَافِيرُ ;) a gum that flows, or exudes, from the عرفط , not of pleasant odour; (IAth;) a gum resembling [the kind of sweetmeat called] نَاطِف , exuded by the عرفط , which is put into a piece of cloth, then sprinkled with water, and drunk: accord. to Lth, مِغْفَارٌ is applied to the gum of the إِجَّاصَة : and some say that مِغْفَرٌ is applied to gum of a round shape; صُعْرُورٌ to that which is in shape like a finger; and ذَوْبٌ to that which flows upon the ground: and مِغْفَرٌ is also applied to a twig of a gum-tree, from which [for بِهِ (with which), in the TA, I read مِنْهُ ,] is wiped a white fluid, whereof is made a sweet beverage: (TA:) pl. [of مُغْفُورٌ and مِغْفَارٌ and مِغْفِيرٌ ] مَغَافِيرُ , (T, S, K,) and [of مِغْفَرٌ and مُغْفُرٌ ] مَغَافِرُ : (K:) it is also said that مَغَافِيرُ is applied to a kind of sweet honey, like رُبّ , except that it is white. (TA.) [Hence the saying,] 1 [This is gathering, not the scraping off مغفر ]: a prov. alluding to the preference of a thing; said to him who obtains much good. (K.) [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 874.] هٰذَا الجَنَى لَا أَْنْ يُكَدَّ المُغْفُرُ

Nounمِغْفِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of manna; a sweet gum exuded by certain treesgenerated

See the preceding entry.

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: see the next preceding paragraph.

Nounأَرْضٌ مَغْفُورَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — land containing trees that produce the sweet gum, or mannagenerated

Land containing [trees producing] مَغَافِير. [See مُغْفُورٌ.]

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Land containing [trees producing] مَغَافِير . (IDrd, K.) [See مُغْفُورٌ .]