غرب

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · Form 10 · 29 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 19

Form 1غَرَبَ13 senses · 6 main

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarغَرْبٌ غُرُوبٌ غَرَابَةٌ غَرَبٌ

Core sense — he went away, or became distant; the sun set; it was strangegenerated

1.1

He, or it, went, went away, passed away, or departed..

1.1.1he retired, or withdrew, [from men, or from the people]—عَنِ النَّاسِ

1.1.2he, or it, became distant, or remote; he went far off—غَرَبَ

Muḍāriʿ and maṣdar as above; غرّب and تغرّب have the same meaning.

go far away from me—اُغْرُبْ عَنِّى

1.1.3he, or it, became absent, or hidden—غَرَبَ

It is said of a wild animal: it retired from view, or hid itself in its lurking-place.

غرّب has the same meaning.

1.1.4the sun set—غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ

maṣdar غُرُوبٌ, مَغْرِبٌ [which is irregular], and مُغَيْرِبَانٌ [which is still more irregular].

the star set—غَرَبَ النَّجْمُ

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredbriskness, liveliness, or sprightliness—غَرْبٌ

[Apparently a maṣdar of which the verb is غَرَبَ.]

1.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And perseverance in an affair.

1.2.2the eye was affected with a tumour in the inner angle—غَرَبَتِ العَيْنٌ

. The tumour is the one termed غَرْبٌ.

1.3said of a man: see form 5—غَرُبَ

maṣdar غَرَابَةٌ or غُرْبَةٌ, and غُرْبٌ.

1.3.1said of language: it was strange, hard to understand, obscure—غَرُبَ

[the word was strange, that is, unusual]—غَرُبَتِ الكَلِمَةُ

1.4he, or it, was, or became, black—غَرِبَ

1.5said of a ewe or she-goat: she was affected with the disease termed غَرَبٌ—غَرِبَتْ

This disease is explained below.

1.6

See also غَرَبٌ, in another sense.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

18:17

وَتَرَى ٱلشَّمْسَ إِذَا طَلَعَت تَّزَٰوَرُ عَن كَهْفِهِمْ ذَاتَ ٱلْيَمِينِ وَإِذَا غَرَبَت تَّقْرِضُهُمْ ذَاتَ ٱلشِّمَالِ وَهُمْ فِى فَجْوَةٍ مِّنْهُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ ءَايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ۗ مَن يَهْدِ ٱللَّهُ فَهُوَ ٱلْمُهْتَدِ ۖ وَمَن يُضْلِلْ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ وَلِيًّا مُّرْشِدًا

Thou wouldst have seen the sun, when it rose, declining to the right from their Cave, and when it set, turning away from them to the left, while they lay in the open space in the midst of the Cave. Such are among the Signs of Allah: He whom Allah, guides is rightly guided; but he whom Allah leaves to stray,- for him wilt thou find no protector to lead him to the Right Way.

18:86

حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ مَغْرِبَ ٱلشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَغْرُبُ فِى عَيْنٍ حَمِئَةٍ وَوَجَدَ عِندَهَا قَوْمًا ۗ قُلْنَا يَـٰذَا ٱلْقَرْنَيْنِ إِمَّآ أَن تُعَذِّبَ وَإِمَّآ أَن تَتَّخِذَ فِيهِمْ حُسْنًا

Until, when he reached the setting of the sun, he found it set in a spring of murky water: Near it he found a People: We said: "O Zul-qarnain! (thou hast authority,) either to punish them, or to treat them with kindness."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. غَرُبَ , (TA,) inf. n. غَرْبٌ , (K, TA,) He, or it, went, went away, passed away, or departed. (K, * TA.) And He retired, or removed, (K, * TA,) عَنِ النَّاسِ [from men, or from the people]. (TA.) And غَرَبَ , (S, K, TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above; (TA;) and غرّب ; (A, TA;) and تغرّب ; (K, TA;) He, or it, became distant, or remote; or went to a distance. (S, A, K, TA.) One says, اُغْرُبْ عَنِّى Go thou, or withdraw, to a distance from me. (S.) And غَرَبَ and غرّب He, or it, became absent, or hidden. (K.) The former is said of a wild animal, meaning He retired from view, or hid himself, in his lurking-place. (A.) And غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ , (S, Msb, TA,) aor. غَرُبَ , (Msb,) inf. n. غُرُوبٌ (S, Msb, TA) and مَغْرِبٌ [which is anomalous] and مُغَيْرِبَانٌ [which is more extr.], (TA,) The sun set: (S, Msb, TA:) and غَرَبَ النَّجْمُ The star set. (TA.) غَرْبٌ [app. as an inf. n. of which the verb is غَرَبَ ] signifies also The being brisk, lively, or sprightly. (K.) And The persevering (K, TA) in an affair. (TA.) غَرَبَتِ العَيْنٌ , inf. n. غَرْبٌ , The eye was affected with a tumour such as is termed غَرْبٌ [q. v.] in the inner angle. (TA.) غَرُبَ , aor. غَرُبَ , inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ or غُرْبَةٌ and غُرْبٌ , said of a man: see 5. غَرُبَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَابَةٌ , said of language, (A, TA,) It was strange, or far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; obscure. (A, * K, TA.) And in like manner, you say, غَرُبَتِ الكَلِمَةُ [which also signifies The word was strange as meaning unusual]. (A, TA.) غَرِبَ , aor. غَرَبَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. غَرَبٌ , (TA,) He, or it, was, or became, black. (K, TA.) غَرِبَتْ said of a ewe or she-goat, She was, or became, affected with the disease termed غَرَبٌ meaning as expl. below. (S.) See also غَرَبٌ in another sense.

Form 2غرّب10 senses · 5 main

maṣdarتَغْرِيبٌ

Core sense — he went into the west; he removed him far off; he banished himgenerated

2.1

. See form 1, in two places, and form 4, likewise in two places.

2.1.1

And see also form 5.

2.1.2[go to the west, go to the east: meaning go far and wide]—غَرِّبْ شَرِّقْ

Also he went into the west; he directed himself towards the west. Mentioned in the article شرق.

Derived nouns 23

Nounغَرْبٌ20 senses · 7 main

Core sense — distance; the west; the sharp edge of a sword; a large leathern bucket; tearsgenerated

[A maṣdar of غَرَبَ, in several senses.]

1.1the distance, or remoteness, of the place one aims to reach in a journey—غَرْبَةُ النَّوَى

As a simple noun: distance, or remoteness; غَرْبَةٌ has the same meaning.

[In one of my copies of the S the word is غُرْبَة.]

1.2a distant, or remote, place which one aims to reach in a journey—نَوًى غَرْبَةٌ

[And hence, used as an adjective: distant, or remote.]

[In one of my copies of the S the word is غُرْبَةٌ.]

the house, or abode, of such a one is distant, or remote—دَارُ فُلَانٍ غَرْبَةٌ

distant money [so that it is not easily got]—دَرَاهِمُ غَرْبَةٌ

a far-seeing eye—عَيْنٌ غَرْبَةٌ

he is far-seeing—إِنَّهُ لَغَرْبُ العَيْنِ

said of a woman: she is far-seeing—غَرْبَةُ العَيْنِ

2the west—الغَرْبُ

the west—المَغْرِبُ

It is also pronounced المَغْرَبُ, with fetḥ to the ر, but more commonly with kesr; by analogy it should be with fetḥ, but usage has given it kesr, as in the case of المَشْرِقُ.

الغَرْبُ is the opposite of الشَّرْقُ, and المَغْرِبُ [is the opposite of المَشْرِقُ and] originally means the place, or point, of sunset, as does مَغْرِبَانُ الشَّمْسِ; it is likewise used for the time of sunset, and also as a maṣdar.

the two places, or points, where the sun sets—المَغْرِبَانِ

These are the furthest, or northernmost, place of sunset in summer [W. 26 degrees N. in Central Arabia] and the furthest, or southernmost, place of sunset in winter [W. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]. Between these two points are a hundred and eighty points, every one of which is called مَغْرِبٌ, and so between the two points called المَشْرِقَانِ.

3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe first part of a thing, [and particularly] of the run of a horse—غَرْبٌ

3.1the edge of a thing, or of a sword, or of anything—حَدّ

غُرَابٌ has the same meaning.

And particularly the غُرَاب of the فَأْس [or adz, etc.].

3.2figurative · مجاز — inferredsharpen the edge of your intellect for what I say—أَرْهِفْ غَرْبَ ذِهْنِكَ لَمَا أَقُولُ

And sharpness of a sword, or of anything such as the فَأْس [or adz, etc.], and of the knife, and of the tongue; and, of a man, of a horse, and of youth, sharpness of temper, passionateness, irritability, or violence — from the same word meaning the edge of a sword and the like.

Mentioned in the A and TA in the article ارهف.

غَرْبَةٌ means the same.

And great might or strength, or valour or prowess, of men; the same as شَوْكَةٌ. [Hence, apparently, briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness, and perseverance in an affair: see the first paragraph.]

3.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also, used as an adjective: sharp, applied to a sword [and the like], and to a tongue.

And, applied to a horse: that runs much; or that throws himself forward with unbroken running, not stopping until he has gone far with his rider.

4['Omar took the دلو, and it became changed into a غرب]—أَخَذَ الدَّلْوَ عُمَرُ فَٱسْتَحَالَتْ غَرْبًا

A large دَلْو [or leathern bucket], made of a bull's hide, with which water is drawn on the camel, or she-camel, called سَانِيَة; of the masculine gender; plural غُرُوبٌ. It is so explained in the following words of a tradition.

That is, when he took the دلو to draw water, it became large in his hand: for the conquests in his time were more than those in the time of Aboo-Bekr.

4.1

And a camel, or any beast, of the kind called رَاوِيَة, on which water is carried.

4.2on a day when water is drawn for irrigation with the large bucket غَرْب, on the camel, or she-camel, called سَانِيَة—فِى يَوْمِ غَرْبٍ

According to the K it means a day of irrigation; but this is apparently a mistake, for Az says that Lth mentioned only this phrase.

5figurative · مجاز[he was an eloquent orator, flowing with a copious and unbroken stream of knowledge]—كَانَ مِثَجًّا يَسِيلُ غَرْبًا

And tears when they come out of the eye; or غُرُوبٌ means tears, and is the plural of غَرْبٌ.

A poet says: [What ails you, that you do not mention Umm-'Amr but your eyes have tears flowing?]

shāhid

مَا لَكَ لَا تَذْكُرُ أُمَّ عَمْرِوإِلَّا لِعَيْنَيْكَ غُرُوبٌ تَجْرِى

Said of Ibn-'Abbás in a tradition; the knowledge is likened to غَرْب as meaning tears coming out of the eye.

5.1

And a flowing, مَسِيلٌ, or violent flowing, اِنْهِلَالٌ, of tears from the eye; in one copy of the K اِنْهِمَالٌ [which means a flowing].

And a single flow, فَيْضَةٌ, of tears, and of wine.

5.2said of a person whose tears flow without stopping—بَعَيْنِهِ غَرْبٌ

And a certain vein, or duct, عِرْقٌ, in the channel of the tears, or in the eye, that flows with tears without stopping, like what is termed نَاسُورٌ.

And the plural, الغُرُوبُ, means the channels of the tears.

5.3

Also the inner angle of the eye, and the outer angle of it.

5.4

And a tumour in the inner angles of the eyes; غَرَبٌ has the same meaning.

5.5

And a pustule, بَثْرَةٌ, in the eye, which discharges blood, and whose bleeding will not be stopped.

5.6

And abundance of saliva in the mouth, and the moisture of saliva; plural غُرُوبٌ.

And the place where the saliva collects and stays: or the غَرْب in a tooth is the place where its saliva collects and stays: or غَرْبٌ, or its plural غُرُوبٌ, means the sharpness, and مَآء [the lustre], of the tooth, or of the teeth.

According to the T, M, Nh and L, غُرُوبُ الأَسْنَانِ means the places where the saliva of the teeth collects and stays: or, as some say, their extremities and sharpness and مَآء [which may here mean either water or lustre]: or the مَآء that runs upon the teeth: or their مَآء and shining whiteness: or their fineness, or thinness, and sharpness: or غُرُوبٌ means the sharp, or serrated, edges of the front teeth.

As plural of غَرْبٌ it is also explained as the مَآء of the فَم [by which may be meant either the water of the mouth or the lustre of the teeth, since الفَمُ properly means the mouth and, metonymically, the teeth], and as the sharpness of the teeth.

And according to MF, on the authority of the Nh, it is also applied to the teeth themselves, though SM doubts whether this is correct. [See also شَنَبٌ, in two places.]

6an arrow whose shooter was not known [struck him]—أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ غَرْبٍ

سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ, سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ and سَهْمٌ غَرَبٌ have the same meaning; of these سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ is, according to IKt, the most approved.

Or, according to some, سهم غَرْب means an arrow from an unknown quarter, and غَرَب سهم an arrow that is shot and that strikes another.

7a certain tree of El-Hijáz, green, large or thick, and thorny—غَرْبٌ

From it is made the كُحَيْل [that is, tar] with which mangy camels are smeared. [Or it is a collective generic noun, for] its ism waḥda is with ة, so says ISd. كحيل is قَطِرَان in the dialect of El-Hijáz; and he also says that the أَبْهَل is the same as the غَرْب, because قطران is got from it.

[the people of the غرب will not cease to be attainers of the truth, or of the true religion]—لَا يَزَالُ أَهْلُ الغَرْبِ ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى الحَقِّ

Some explain the tradition from this tree: or the meaning is the people of Syria, because Syria lies a little to the west of El-Hijáz: or the people of sharpness, and of great might or strength, or of valour, that is, the warriors against unbelievers: or the people of the bucket called غَرْب, that is, the Arabs: or the people of the west, which Iyád and others consider the most probable, because in Ed-Dárakutnee's relation of the tradition the word is المَغْرِب.

Show Lane's original text

[an inf. n. of غَرَبَ , q. v., in several senses. As a simple subst.,] Distance, or remoteness; and so غَرْبَةٌ . (A, K.) غَرْبَةُ النَّوَى [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَة ] means The distance, or remoteness, of the place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, TA.) [And hence, used as an epithet, Distant, or remote.] You say نَوًى غَرْبَةٌ [in one of my copies of the S غُرْبَةٌ ] A distant, or remote, place which one purposes to reach in his journey. (S, A. *) And دَارُ فُلَانٍ غَرْبَةٌ The house, or abode, of such a one is distant, or remote. (TA.) And دَرَاهِمُ غَرْبَةٌ Distant money [so that it is not easily attainable]. (TA.) And عَيْنٌ غَرْبَةٌ A far-seeing eye: and إِنَّهُ لَغَرْبُ العَيْنِ Verily he is far-seeing; and of a woman you say غَرْبَةُ العَيْنِ . (TA.) And الغَرْبُ is syn. with المَغْرِبُ , (S, M, Msb, K,) which latter is also pronounced المَغْرَبُ , with fet-h to the ر , but more commonly with kesr, (Msb,) or accord. to analogy it should be with fet-h, but usage has given it kesr, as in the case of المَشْرِقُ ; (TA;) [both signify The west;] الغَرْبُ is the contr. of الشَّرْقُ ; (M, TA;) and المَغْرِبُ [is the contr. of المَشْرِقُ , and] originally signifies the place [or point] of sunset, (TA,) as also مَغْرِبَانُ الشَّمْسِ ; (K;) and is likewise used to signify the time of sunset; and also as an inf. n.: (TA:) and المَغْرِبَانِ signifies the two places [or points] where the sun sets; i. e. the furthest [or northernmost] place of sunset in summer [W. 26 degrees N. in Central Arabia] and the furthest [or southernmost] place of sunset in winter [W. 26 degrees S. in Central Arabia]: (T, TA:) between these two points are a hundred and eighty points, every one of which is called مَغْرِبٌ ; and so between the two points called المَشْرِقَانِ . (TA.) غَرْبٌ signifies also The first part (S, K) of a thing (K) [and particularly] of the run of a horse. (S.) And The حَدّ [or edge] (S, K) of a thing, as also غُرَابٌ , (K,) or of a sword and of anything; (S;) and thus [particularly] the غُرَاب of the فَأْس [or adz, &c.]. (S, K.) And Sharpness (S, A, Msb, TA) of a sword, (TA,) or of anything, such as the فَأْس [or adz, &c.], and of the knife, (Msb,) and (Msb, TA) of the tongue: (S, A, Msb, TA:) and [as meaning sharpness of temper or the like, passionateness, irritability, or vehemence,] of a man, (TA,) and of a horse, (S, TA,) and of youth: (A, TA:) [from the same word signifying the “ edge ” of a sword &c.: whence the saying, أَرْهِفْ غَرْبَ ذِهْنِكَ لَمَا أَقُولُ (mentioned in the A and TA in art. ارهف ) meaning Sharpen the edge of thine intellect for what I say:] and غَرْبَةٌ signifies the same. (TA.) And Vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess, of men; syn. شَوْكَةٌ . (TA.) [And hence, app., Briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness: and perseverance in an affair: see the first paragraph.] Also, [used as an epithet,] Sharp, applied to a sword [and the like], and to a tongue. (TA.) And, applied to a horse, That runs much: (S, K:) or that casts himself forward, with uninterrupted running, not desisting until he has gone far with his ride. (TA.) And A large دَلْو [or leathern bucket], (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) made of a bull's hide, (Mgh, TA,) with which one draws water on the [camel, or she-camel, called] سَانِيَة [q. v.]: (Msb:) of the masc. gender: pl. غُرُوبٌ . (TA.) So expl. in the following words of a trad.: أَخَذَ الدَّلْوَ عُمَرُ فَٱسْتَحَالَتْ غَرْبًا ['Omar took the دلو , and it became changed into a غرب ]; i. e. when he took the دلو to draw water, it became large in his hand: for the conquests in his time were more than those in the time of Aboo-Bekr. (IAth, TA.) And A [camel, or any beast, such as is called] رَاوِيَة , (K, TA,) upon which water is carried. (TA.) And accord. to the K, A day of irrigation: but [this is app. a mistake: for] Az says that Lth has mentioned the phrase فِى يَوْمِ غَرْبٍ , meaning thereby in a day in which water is drawn with the [large bucket called] غَرْب , [for irrigation,] on the [camel, or she-camel, called] سَانِيَة . (TA.) And Tears (K, TA) when they come forth from the eye: (TA:) or غُرُوبٌ signifies tears; (S;) and is pl. of غَرْبٌ . (TA.) A poet says, 1 [What aileth thee, that thou dost not mention Umm-'Amr but thine eyes have tears flowing?]. (S, TA.) And it is said of Ibn-'Abbás, in a trad., كَانَ مِثَجًّا يَسِيلُ غَرْبًا i. e. [He was an eloquent orator, flowing with] a copious and uninterrupted stream of knowledge, likened to غَرْب as meaning “ tears coming forth from the eye. ” (TA.) مَا لَكَ لَا تَذْكُرُ أُمَّ عَمْرِو | إِلَّا لِعَيْنَيْكَ غُرُوبٌ تَجْرِى And A flowing, ( مَسِيلٌ , K,) or vehement flowing, ( اِنْهِلَالٌ , A, K,) in one copy of the K اِنْهِمَالٌ [which means a flowing], (TA,) of tears from the eye: (A, K:) and a single flow ( فَيْضَةٌ ) of tears, and of wine. (K.) And A certain vein, or duct, ( عِرْقٌ ,) in the channel of the tears, (S, Mgh,) or in the eye, (A, K,) that flows [with tears] uninterruptedly; (S, A, Msb, K;) like what is termed نَاسُورٌ . (S, Mgh.) One says of a person whose tears flow without intermission, بَعَيْنِهِ غَرْبٌ . (As, S, Mgh.) And [the pl.] الغُرُوبُ signifies The channels of the tears. (S.) Also The inner angle of the eye, and the outer angle thereof. (S, A, K.) And A tumour in the inner angles of the eyes; (Mgh, K;) as also غَرَبٌ . (Mgh.) And A pustule ( بَثْرَةٌ ) in the eye, (K, TA,) which discharges blood, and the bleeding of which will not be stopped. (TA.) And Abundance of saliva (K, TA) in the mouth; (TA;) and the moisture thereof, i. e., of saliva: (K:) pl. غُرُوبٌ . (TA.) And The place where the saliva collects and remains: (K, TA:) or the غَرْب in a tooth is the place where the saliva thereof collects and remains: (TA:) or غَرْبٌ , (TA,) or its pl. غُرُوبٌ , (S, TA,) signifies the sharpness, and مَآء [meaning lustre], (S, TA,) of the tooth, (TA,) or of the teeth: (S, TA:) accord. to the T and M and Nh and L, غُرُوبُ الأَسْنَانِ signifies the places where the saliva of the teeth collects and remains: or, as some say, their extremities and sharpness and مَآء [which may here mean either water or lustre]: or the مَآء that runs upon the teeth: (TA:) or their مَآء , and shining whiteness: (A, TA:) or their fineness, or thinness, and sharpness: or غُرُوبٌ signifies the sharp, or serrated, edges of the fore teeth: it is also, as pl. of غَرْبٌ , expl. as signifying the مَآء of the فَم [by which may be meant either the water of the mouth or the lustre of the teeth, for الفَمُ properly signifies “ the mouth ” and metonymically “ the teeth ”], and the sharpness of the teeth: and accord. to MF, as on the authority of the Nh, [but SM expresses a doubt as to its correctness,] it is also applied to the teeth [themselves]. (TA.) [See also شَنَبٌ , in two places.] أَصَابَهُ سَهْمُ غَرْبٍ and سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ , and سَهْمٌ غَرْبٌ and سَهْمٌ غَرَبٌ , (S, Msb, * K,) the second of which, i. e. سَهْمُ غَرَبٍ , accord. to IKt, is the most approved, (MF,) mean An arrow of which the shooter was not known [struck him]: (S, Msb, K:) or, accord. to some, سهم غَرْب signifies an arrow from an unknown quarter; غَرَب سهم , an arrow that is shot and that strikes another. (TA.) And غَرْبٌ signifies also A certain tree of El-Hijáz, (K, TA,) green, (TA,) large, or thick, and thorny, (K, TA,) whence is made [or prepared] the كُحَيْل [i. e. tar] with which [mangy] camels are smeared: [or it is a coll. gen. n., for] its n. un. is with ة : so says ISd: كحيل is قَطِرَان , of the dial. of El-Hijáz: and he [app. ISd] says also, the أَبْهَل [q. v.] is the same as the غَرْب , because قطران is extracted from it. (TA.) Hence, as some say, (K, TA,) the trad., (TA,) لَا يَزَالُ أَهْلُ الغَرْبِ ظَاهِرِينَ عَلَى الحَقِّ [The people of the غرب will not cease to be attainers of the truth, or of the true religion]: (K, TA:) or the meaning is, the people of Syria, because Syria is [a little to the] west of El-Hijáz: or the people of sharpness, and of vehemence of might or strength, or of valour or prowess; i. e. the warriors against unbelievers: or the people of the bucket called غَرْب ; i. e. the Arabs: or the people of the west; which meaning is considered by Iyád and others the most probable, because, in the relation of the trad. by Ed-Dárakutnee, the word in question is المَغْرِب . (L, TA.)

Nounغُرْبٌ1 sense

Core sense — distance, or remotenessgenerated

See غُرْبَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see غُرْبَةٌ .

Nounغَرَبٌ9 senses · 2 main

Core sense — silver, or a silver drinking-cup; a kind of tree, the willow; gold; winegenerated

Silver: or a vessel of the kind termed جَام made of silver; that is, a drinking-cup or bowl of the kind termed قَدَح, of silver.

A poet says: [And they filled the middle of the valley of Er-Rehà — also called, less correctly, Er-Rikà — as the cup-bearer of the اعاجم (the foreigners) fills the silver قَدَح with wine]

shāhid 1

فَدَعْدَعَا سُرَّةَ الرَّكَآءِ كَمَادَعْدَعَ سَاقِى الأَعَاجِمِ الغَرَبَا

It is cited in the S as being by El-Aashà, but it is said in the L that IB holds this verse to be by Lebeed, not by El-Aashà, describing two torrents meeting together.

The verse of El-Aashà in which غَرَب is said to occur meaning silver is: [When a white wine-jug is turned down so as to pour out its contents among the cup-bearers, they hand it, that is, the wine in the cups, one to another, while it looks like silver or gold]

shāhid 2

إِذَا ٱنْكَبَّ أَزْهَرُ بَيْنَ السُّقَاةِتَرَامَوْا بِهِ غَرَبًا وَنُضَارَا

غَرَبًا is here in the accusative case as a denotative of state, though it signifies a substance; [and so نُضَارَا].

But it is said that غَرَبٌ and نُضَارٌ mean kinds of trees from which are made drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed أَقْدَاح [plural of قَدَحٌ]; and it is said in the T that نُضَارٌ means a kind of tree from which yellow أَقْدَاح are made.

1.1

[In explanation of the last of the uses of غَرَبٌ mentioned above:] it also means a kind of tree from which are made white drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed أَقْدَاح, called in Persian إِسبِيدْ دَار [or إِسْپِيدَار]; generally held to mean the willow, like the Hebrew word, or particularly the species called salix Babylonica; a collective generic noun, with its ism waḥda formed with ة.

[Avicenna (Ibn-Seenà), in book 2, page 279, mentions a tree called غرب, but describes only the uses and supposed properties of its bark and the like, specifying its صَمْغ, from which it appears that he means the غَرْب, not the غَرَب.]

1.2

It also means a vessel of the kind termed قَدَح [perhaps one made from the kind of tree mentioned above]; its plural is أَغْرَابٌ.

1.3

And gold.

1.4

And wine.

1.5do not spill the water between the well and the watering-trough or tank, so as to make mud—لا تغرب

And the water that drops from the buckets between the well and the watering-trough or tank, and which soon changes in smell; or any water that pours from the buckets from about the mouth of the well to the watering-trough or tank, and which soon changes in smell; or the water and mud around the well and the watering-trough or tank; or, as some say, the smell of water and mud: so called because it soon changes.

[Thus in the TA, so that the word may be لا تَغْرُبْ, or لا تُغَرِّبْ, or لا تُغْرِبْ.]

Also a certain disease in sheep or goats, like the سَعَف in the she-camel, in consequence of which the hair of the خُرْطُوم [that is, the nose, or fore part of the nose] and that of the eyes falls off.

2.1

And a colour such as is termed زَرَق in the eye of a horse, together with whiteness of it.

2.2

See also غَرْبٌ, latter half, in five places.

Show Lane's original text

Silver: or a [vessel such as is termed] جَام of silver; (S, K;) [i. e.] a [drinking-cup or bowl such as is termed] قَدَح of silver. (L, TA.) A poet says, 1 cited in the S as being by El-Aashà but it is said in the L, IB says, this verse is by Lebeed, not by El-Aashà, describing two torrents meeting together; meaning, And they filled the middle of the valley of Er-Rehà, also, but less correctly, called Er-Rikà, like as the cup-bearer of the اعاجم [or foreigners] fills the silver قَدَح with wine: the verse of El-Aashà in which [it is said that] غَرَب occurs as meaning “ silver ” is, 2 i. e. When a white wine-jug is turned down so as to pour out its contents [among the cup-bearers], they hand it, i. e. the wine in the cups, one to another [while it resembles silver or gold]: (L, TA:) غَرَبًا is here in the accus. case as a denotative of state, though signifying a substance: [and so نُضَارَا :] but it is said that غَرَبٌ and نُضَارٌ signify species of trees from which are made [drinkingcups or bowls such as are termed] أَقْدَاح [pl. of قَدَحٌ ]: and it is said in the T that نُضَارٌ signifies a species of trees from which are made yellow أَقْدَاح . (TA.) فَدَعْدَعَا سُرَّةَ الرَّكَآءِ كَمَا | دَعْدَعَ سَاقِى الأَعَاجِمِ الغَرَبَا إِذَا ٱنْكَبَّ أَزْهَرُ بَيْنَ السُّقَاةِ | تَرَامَوْا بِهِ غَرَبًا وَنُضَارَا [In explanation of the last of the applications of غَرَبٌ mentioned above, it is said that] it signifies also A species of trees (T, S, ISd, TA) from which are made white [drinking-cups or bowls of the kind termed] أَقْدَاح ; (T, TA;) called in Pers. إِسبِيدْ دَار [or إِسْپِيدَار ]: (S:) [generally held to mean the willow; like the Hebr. ; or particularly the species called salix Babylonica: a coll. gen. n.:] n. un. with ة . (ISd, TA.) [Avicenna (Ibn-Seenà), in book ii. p. 279, mentions a tree called غرب , but describes only the uses and supposed properties of its bark &c., particularizing its صَمْغ ; whence it appears that he means the غَرْب , not the غَرَب .] It also signifies A [vessel of the kind termed] قَدَح [perhaps such as is made from the species of trees above mentioned]: (K, TA:) and its pl. is أَغْرَابٌ . (TA.) And Gold. (K.) And Wine. (S, K.) And The water that drops from the buckets between the well and the watering-trough or tank, (S, K,) and which soon alters in odour: (S:) or any water that pours from the buckets from about the mouth of the well to the wateringtrough or tank, and that soon alters in odour: or the water and mud that are around the well and the watering-trough or tank: (TA:) and (as some say, TA) the odour of water and mud: (K:) so called because it soon alters. (TA.) [Hence] one says, لا تغرب , [thus in the TA, so that it may be لا تَغْرُبْ or لا تُغَرِّبْ or لا تُغْرِبْ ,] meaning Spill not thou the water between the well and the watering-trough or tank, so as to make mud. (TA.) Also A certain disease in sheep or goats, (S, K,) like the سَعَف in the she-camel, in consequence of which the hair of the خُرْطُوم [i. e. nose, or fore part of the nose,] and that of the eyes fall off. (S.) And [A colour such as is termed] زَرَق [q. v.] in the eye of a horse, (K, TA,) together with whiteness thereof. (TA.) See also غَرْبٌ , latter half, in five places.

Nounغُرُبٌ1 sense

Core sense — tears; the sharpness and lustre of the teethgenerated

See غَرِيبٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَرِيبٌ .

Nounغَرْبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — distance, or remotenessgenerated

See غَرْبٌ, former half, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَرْبٌ , former half, in three places.

Nounغُرْبَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — the state of a stranger, being far from one's home; pure whitenessgenerated

1the state, or condition, of a stranger or foreigner; being far, or distant, from one's home, or native country—غُرْبٌ

[Both are, apparently, originally maṣdars of غَرُبَ, like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ of قَرُبَ.]

The same as اِغْتِرَابٌ and تَغَرُّبٌ.

Also, the former, pure, or unmixed, whiteness. [See مُغْرَبٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

(S, K) and غُرْبٌ (K) [as simple substs. The state, or condition, of a stranger or foreigner: but originally both are, app., inf. ns. of غَرُبَ , like قُرْبَةٌ and قُرْبٌ of قَرُبَ , signifying] the being far, or distant, from one's home, or native country; (K;) i. q. اِغْتِرَابٌ (S, K) and تَغَرُّبٌ . (K.) Also, the former, Pure, or unmixed, whiteness. (IAar, TA.) [See مُغْرَبٌ .]

Nounغَرْبِىٌّ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — western, of the west; a sort of dates; a beverage made from datesgenerated

[Of, or relating to, the west, or place of sunset; western.] See غَارِبٌ.

1.1

Also, applied to trees, شَجَرٌ: struck, or affected, by the sun at the time of its setting.

[On the meaning of its feminine in the Qur'án 24:35, see شَرْقِىٌّ.]

Qur’ān 24:35 approximate — somewhere between 24:31 and 24:43 Lane cites “Kur xxiv. 35”

Qur’ān 24:35 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

ٱللَّهُ نُورُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ مَثَلُ نُورِهِۦ كَمِشْكَوٰةٍ فِيهَا مِصْبَاحٌ ۖ ٱلْمِصْبَاحُ فِى زُجَاجَةٍ ۖ ٱلزُّجَاجَةُ كَأَنَّهَا كَوْكَبٌ دُرِّىٌّ يُوقَدُ مِن شَجَرَةٍ مُّبَـٰرَكَةٍ زَيْتُونَةٍ لَّا شَرْقِيَّةٍ وَلَا غَرْبِيَّةٍ يَكَادُ زَيْتُهَا يُضِىٓءُ وَلَوْ لَمْ تَمْسَسْهُ نَارٌ ۚ نُّورٌ عَلَىٰ نُورٍ ۗ يَهْدِى ٱللَّهُ لِنُورِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَيَضْرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْأَمْثَـٰلَ لِلنَّاسِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌ

Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The Parable of His Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp enclosed in Glass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit from a blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil is well-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Light upon Light! Allah doth guide whom He will to His Light: Allah doth set forth Parables for men: and Allah doth know all things.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

And a sort of dates; but according to AHn the word is غُرَابِىٌّ.

2.1

And the sort of نَبِيذ that is termed فَضِيخ [that is, a beverage made from crushed unripe dates without being put on the fire]; or a beverage made only from fresh ripe dates.

The drinker of it keeps his self-restraint as long as the wind does not blow on him; but if he goes out into the air and the wind blows on him, his reason leaves him. So one of its drinkers says: [If your gharbee be not excellent, we (put our trust) in God and in the wind]

shāhid

إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَرْبِيُّكُمْ جَيِّدًافَنَحْنُ بِٱللّٰهِ وَبِٱلرِّيحِ

2.2

And a certain red صِبْغ [that is, a dye, or perhaps a sauce, or fluid seasoning].

Qur’ānic occurrences غَرْبِىّ

28:44

وَمَا كُنتَ بِجَانِبِ ٱلْغَرْبِىِّ إِذْ قَضَيْنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَى ٱلْأَمْرَ وَمَا كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلشَّـٰهِدِينَ

Thou wast not on the Western side when We decreed the Commission to Moses, nor wast thou a witness (of those events).

Show Lane's original text

[Of, or relating to, the west, or place of sunset; western]: see غَارِبٌ . [Also,] applied to trees ( شَجَرٌ ), Smitten, or affected, by the sun at the time of its setting. (K.) [Respecting the meaning of its fem. in the Kur xxiv. 35, see شَرْقِىٌّ .] And A sort of dates: (K:) but accord. to AHn, the word is غُرَابِىٌّ [q. v.]. (TA.) And The [sort of] نَبِيذ that is termed فَضِيخ [i. e. a beverage made from crushed unripe dates without being put upon the fire]: (K, TA:) or [a beverage] prepared only from fresh ripe dates; the drinker of which ceases not to possess selfrestraint as long as the wind does not blow upon him; but if he goes forth into the air, and the wind blows upon him, his reason departs: wherefore one of its drinkers says, 1 [If your gharbee be not excellent, we (put our trust) in God and in the wind]. (AHn, TA.) إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ غَرْبِيُّكُمْ جَيِّدًا | فَنَحْنُ بِٱللّٰهِ وَبِٱلرِّيحِ And A certain red صِبْغ [i. e. dye, or perhaps sauce, or fluid seasoning]. (K.)

Nounغَرْبِيبٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — intensely black; a sort of very black grapesgenerated

One of the most excellent kinds of grapes; a sort of grapes growing at Et-Táïf, intensely black, of the most excellent, most delicate, and blackest of grapes. [See an example in a verse cited under عَجِيبَةٌ.]

1.1

Applied to an old man: intensely black [apparently in the hair]; or whose hair does not become white, or hoary; or, so applied, one who blackens his white, or hoary, hair with dye.

It occurs in a tradition, in which it is said that God hates such an old man. Plural غَرَابِيبُ.

1.2intensely black—أَسْوَدُ غِرْبِيبٌ

But if you say غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ you make the latter word a substitute for the former, because a word corroborative of one signifying a colour cannot come first, nor can the corroborative of any word; so Suh.

Or, according to Hr, غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ [in the Qur'án 35:25], said of mountains, means streaks having black rocks.

Qur’ān 35:28 approximate — somewhere between 35:1 and 35:37 Lane cites “Kur xxxv. 25”

Qur’ān 35:27 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَأَخْرَجْنَا بِهِۦ ثَمَرَٰتٍ مُّخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَٰنُهَا ۚ وَمِنَ ٱلْجِبَالِ جُدَدٌۢ بِيضٌ وَحُمْرٌ مُّخْتَلِفٌ أَلْوَٰنُهَا وَغَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ

Seest thou not that Allah sends down rain from the sky? With it We then bring out produce of various colours. And in the mountains are tracts white and red, of various shades of colour, and black intense in hue.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Show Lane's original text

One of the most excellent kinds of grapes; (K;) a sort of grapes growing at Et-Táïf, in- tensely black, of the most exceuent, and most delicate, and blackest, of grapes. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce عَجِيبَةٌ .] Applied to an old man, Intensely black [app. in the hair]: or whose hair does not become white, or hoary: (TA:) or, so applied, who blackens his white, or hoary, hair with dye: (K, TA:) occurring in a trad., in which it is said that God hates such an old man: pl. غَرَابِيبُ . (TA.) أَسْوَدُ غِرْبِيبٌ means Intensely black: but if you say غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ , you make the latter word a substitute for the former; because a word corroborative of one signifying a colour cannot precede; (S, K;) nor can the corroborative of any word: (Suh, MF:) or, accord. to Hr, غَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ [in the Kur xxxv. 25], relating to mountains, means Streaks having black rocks. (TA.)

Nounغُرَابٌ10 senses · 4 main

Core sense — a crow, or raven; the extremity of the haunch; the back of the headgenerated

1figurative · مجاز[he lighted upon a land whose crow will not be made to fly away]—وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهَا

A certain black bird, well known — the crow, of which there are several species: the raven, carrion-crow, rook, jackdaw, jay, magpie, and the like.

It was used as a proper name, which, as a tradition says, Mohammad changed, because the word carries the sense of distance, and because it is the name of a foul bird.

Plural of multitude غِرْبَانٌ and غُرْبٌ; of paucity أَغْرِبَةٌ and أَغْرُبٌ; plural of the plural غَرَابِينُ.

This is said by the Arabs when they describe a land as fertile, because of its abundant herbage; see also طَيَّرَ.

[he found the fruit of the crow]—وَجَدَ ثَمَرَةَ الغُرَابِ

[the crow of such a one flew away]—طَارَ غُرَابُ فُلَانٍ

[such a one is more sharp-sighted than a crow]—فُلَانٌ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ

[more cautious than a crow]—أَحْذَرُ

[more proud than a crow]—أَزْهَى

[more inauspicious than a crow]—أَشْأَمُ

Because that bird seeks out and chooses the most excellent of fruits.

Meaning the head of such a one became white, or hoary.

They say that this bird is more inauspicious than anything else inauspicious upon the earth.

In the phrase غُرَابٌ غَارِبٌ the adjective is added to make the meaning more intense.

غُرَابُ البَيْنِ has been explained in the article بين.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

الغُرَابُ is the name of one of the southern constellations, Corvus, made up of seven stars in Ptolemy's enumeration, behind البَاطِيَة [which is Crater], to the south of السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ [that is, Spica Virginis].

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe blacks of the Arabs; the black Arabs—أَغْرِبَةُ العَرَبِ

Likened in complexion to the birds called اغربة; in all of them the blackness came from their mothers.

The أَغْرِبَة in the Time of Ignorance were 'Antarah, Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh (said to have been a Mukhadram), Aboo-'Omeyr Ibn-El-Hobáb, Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh (a famous runner), and Hishám Ibn-'Okbeh-Ibn-Abee-Mo'eyt, though this last was a Mukhadram; and among the Muslims, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Kházim, 'Omeyr Ibn-Abee-'Omeyr, Hemmám (written Humám in the CK) Ibn-Mutarrif, Munteshir Ibn-Wahb, Matar Ibn-Abee-Owfà, Taäbbata-Sharrà, Esh-Shenfarà, and Hájiz — the last of whom is given no nisbeh in relation to father, mother, tribe, or place.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferreda certain herb—رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ

Called in the language of the Barbar إِطْرِيلَال, and at the present day زِرُّ الأَخِلَّةِ. It resembles the شِبِثّ in its stem, in its جُمَّة [the node whence the flower grows], and in its lower part, or root, except that its flower is white, and it forms grains nearly like those of the مَقْدُونِس [apparently scandix cerefolium or apium petroselinum].

A drachm of its seeds, bruised and mixed with honey from which the froth has been taken off, is a tried medicine, drunk, for rooting out the kinds of leprosy called the بَرَص and the بَهَق; and sometimes a quarter of a drachm of عَاقِرْ قَرْحَا is added to it, commonly known by the name of عود القرح [that is, عُودُ القَرْحِ, both of these names now being applied to pyrethrum, pellitory of Spain, though the latter, according to Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxix.), is applied in El-Yemen to the cacalia sonchifolia, or to a species of senecio]; the patient sits in a hot sun with the diseased parts uncovered.

[See also رِجْلٌ, now applied to the chelidonium hybridum of Linnaeus, the chelidonium dodecandrum of Forskål (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 502); in Bocthor's Dictionnaire Français-Arabe both the names رجل الغراب and اطريلال are given to the plants called cerfeuil (chervil) and corne de cerf (buck's-horn plantain, also called coronopus).]

1.4figurative · مجازthe affair became difficult, or strait, to him; or his life, or means of living, became so—صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ

Also, that is رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ: a certain way of binding the udder of a camel, tightly, so that the young one cannot suck, and which will not come undone.

[One says also أَصَرَّ, according to the TA; but I think this doubtful, believing أَصَرَّ to be a mistranscription for صَرَّ, meaning that one says also صَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ, that is, he bound him with a bond not to be undone, or he straitened him. See again رِجْلٌ, and a verse cited there as an example.]

2the two lower extremities of the hips, or haunches, next the upper parts of the thighs—الغُرَابَانِ

Or the heads, and highest parts, of the hips, or haunches; or two thin bones lower than what is called the فَرَاشَة [or, apparently, فَرَاش]; or, in a horse and in a camel, the two extremities of the haunches, that is, their two edges, on the left and right, above the tail, at the joining of the head of the haunch, where the upper parts of the haunch on right and left meet; or the two extremities of the haunch that are behind the قَطَاة [the fore part of the croup]. Plural غِرْبَانٌ.

Dhu-r-Rummeh says, referring to camels: [The prominences of their haunches were rubbed sore by the lashing of the tails]

shāhid

تَقَوَّبَ عَنْ غِرْبَانِ أَوْرَاكِهَا الخَطْرُ

— meaning تَقَوَّبَتْ غِرْبَانُهَا عَنِ الخَطْرِ, the phrase being inverted, since the sense is known; or تَقَوَّبَ may stand for قَوَّبَ [so that the lashing of the tails rubbed sore the prominences of the haunches]. Mentioned in the S in the article خطر.

Or غِرْبَانٌ means the haunches themselves, of camels, and is used for the camels themselves; and the singular, غُرَابٌ, is also explained as the extremity of the haunch that is next the back.

2.1the hair of the whole of the back of his head became white, or hoary—شَابَ غُرَابُهُ

غُرَابٌ also means the whole of the back of the head.

2.2

See also غُرْبٌ, former half, in two places.

And a bunch of بَرِير [the fruit of the أَرَاك], or a black bunch of it; plural غِرْبَانٌ: or غِرْبَانُ البَرِيرِ means the ripe fruit of the أَرَاك.

And hail, and snow, and hoar-frost: from مُغْرَبٌ, meaning the dawn, because of their whiteness.

Qur’ānic occurrences غُرَاب

5:31

فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابًا يَبْحَثُ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيْفَ يُوَٰرِى سَوْءَةَ أَخِيهِ ۚ قَالَ يَـٰوَيْلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَـٰذَا ٱلْغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِىَ سَوْءَةَ أَخِى ۖ فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّـٰدِمِينَ

Then Allah sent a raven, who scratched the ground, to show him how to hide the shame of his brother. "Woe is me!" said he; "Was I not even able to be as this raven, and to hide the shame of my brother?" then he became full of regrets-

Show Lane's original text

A certain black bird, (TA,) well known; (K, TA;) [the corvus, or crow;] of which there are several species; [namely, the raven, carrioncrow, rook, jackdaw, jay, magpie, &c.:] and it was used as a proper name, which, as is said in a trad., he [i. e. Mohammad] changed, because the word implies the meaning of distance, and because it is the name of a foul bird: (TA:) the pl. [of mult.] is غِرْبَانٌ (S, Msb, K) and غُرْبٌ (K) and (of pauc., S) أَغْرِبَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and أَغْرُبٌ ; (Msb, K;) and pl. pl. غَرَابِينُ . (K.) When the Arabs characterize a land as fertile, they say, وَقَعَ فِى أَرْضٍ لَا يُطَيَّرُ غُرَابُهَا [He lighted upon a land of which the crow will not be made to fly away; because of its abundant herbage: see also طَيَّرَ ]: and وَجَدَ ثَمَرَةَ الغُرَابِ [He found the fruit of the crow]; because that bird seeks after and chooses the most excellent of fruits. (TA.) They also say, طَارَ غُرَابُ فُلَانٍ [The crow of such a one flew away], meaning the head of such a one became white, or hoary. (A, TA. [See also a similar phrase below.]) Also, فُلَانٌ أَبْصَرُ مِنْ غُرَابٍ [Such a one is more sharp-sighted than a crow]: and أَحْذَرُ [more cautious]: and أَزْهَى [more proud]: and أَشْأَمُ [more inauspicious]: &c.: they say that this bird is more inauspicious than any other inauspicious thing upon the earth. (TA.) In the phrase غُرَابٌ غَارِبٌ , the epithet is added to give intensiveness to the signification. (TA.) غُرَابُ البَيْنِ has been expl. in art. بين . الغُرَابُ is the name of One of the southern constellations, [i. e. Corvus,] consisting of seven stars [in the enumeration of Ptolemy], behind البَاطِيَة [which is Crater], to the south of السِّمَاكُ الأَعْزَلُ [i. e. Spica Virginis]. (Kzw.) أَغْرِبَةُ العَرَبِ is an appellation of The blacks [lit. crows] of the Arabs; the black Arabs: (K, TA:) likened to the birds called اغربة , in respect of their complexion: (TA:) in all of them the blackness was derived from their mothers. (MF, TA.) The أَغْرِبَة in the Time of Ignorance were 'Antarah and Khufáf Ibn-Nudbeh (asserted to have been a Mukhadram, TA) and Aboo-'Omeyr Ibn-El- Hobáb and Suleyk Ibn-Es-Sulakeh (a famous runner, TA) and Hishám Ibn-'Okbeh-Ibn-AbeeMo'eyt; but this last was a Mukhadram: and those among the Islámees, 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Khá- zim and 'Omeyr Ibn-Abee-'Omeyr and Hemmám [in the CK Humám] Ibn-Mutarrif and Munteshir Ibn-Wahb and Matar Ibn-Abee-Owfà and Taäbbata-Sharrà and Esh-Shenfarà and Hájiz; to the last of whom is given no appellation of the kind called “ nisbeh, ” (K, TA,) in relation to father, mother, tribe, or place. (TA.) رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ signifies A certain herb, called in the language of the Barbar إِطْرِيلَال , (K, TA,) and in the present day زِرُّ الأَخِلَّةِ , (MF,) resembling the شِبِثّ [q. v., variously written in different copies of the K,] in its stem and in its جُمَّة [or node whence the flower grows] and in its lower part, or root, except that its flower is white, and it forms grains like those of the مَقْدُونِس [app. scandix cerefolium or apium petroselinum], (K, TA,) nearly: (TA:) a drachm of its seeds, bruised, and mixed with honey (K, TA) deprived of its froth, (TA,) is a tried medicine for eradicating [the species of leprosy which are called] the بَرَص and the بَهَق , being drunk; and sometimes is added to it a quarter of a drachm of عَاقِرْ قَرْحَا , (K, TA,) which is [commonly] known by the name of عود القرح [i. e. عُودُ القَرْحِ , both of these being names now applied to pyrethrum, i. e. pellitory of Spain, but the latter, accord. to Forskål (Flora Ægypt. Arab. p. cxix.), applied in El-Yemen to the cacalia sonchifolia, or to a species of senecio]; (TA;) the patient sitting in a hot sun, with the diseased parts uncovered: (K, TA:) [see also رِجْلٌ : now applied to the chelidonium hybridum of Linn., chelidonium dodecandrum of Forsk.: (Delile's Floræ Ægypt. Illustr. no. 502:) in Bocthor's Dict. Français-Arabe, both the names of رجل الغراب and اطريلال are given to the plants called cerfeuil (or chervil) and corne de cerf (or buck'shorn plantain, also called coronopus).] Also (i. e. رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ ) A certain mode of binding the udder of a camel, (S, K,) tightly, (S,) so that the young one cannot suck; (K;) nor will it undo. (TA.) [Hence] one says, صُرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلُ الغُرَابِ , meaning The affair was, or became, difficult, or strait, to him: (A, * K:) or his life, or subsistence, was, or became, so. (TA.) [And in like manner one says also أَصَرَّ , accord. to the TA: but this I think doubtful; believing that أَصَرَّ is a mistranscription for صَرَّ , meaning that one says also صَرَّ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ الغُرَابِ i. e. He bound him with a bond not to be undone, or that would not undo; or he straitened him. See, again, رِجْلٌ ; and a verse there cited as an ex.] الغُرَابَانِ signifies The two lower extremities of the two hips, or haunches, that are next to the upper parts of the thighs: (K, TA:) or the heads, and highest parts, of the hips, or haunches: (TA:) or two thin bones, lower than what is called the فَرَاشَة [or, app., فَرَاش , q. v.]: (K, TA:) or, in a horse and in a camel, the two extremities of the haunches, namely, their two edges, on the left and right, that are above the tail, at the junction of the head of the haunch, (As, S, TA,) where the upper parts of the haunch, on the right and left, meet: (TA:) or the two extremities of the haunch that are behind the قَطَاة [or fore part of the croup]: (IAar, TA:) pl. غِرْبَانٌ : Dhu-r-Rummeh says, referring to camels, 1 meaning تَقَوَّبَتْ غِرْبَانُهَا عَنِ الخَطْرِ [The prominences of their haunches were excoriated from the lashing with the tails], the phrase being inverted, for the meaning is known; (S in this art.;) or تَقَوَّبَ may be for قَوَّبَ [i. e. the saying means the lashing with the tails excoriated the prominences of the haunches]: (S in art. خطر :) or غِرْبَانٌ signifies the haunches themselves, of camels: and is employed [by a synecdoche] to signify camels [themselves]: (IAar, TA:) and [the sing.] غُرَابٌ is also expl. as meaning the extremity of the haunch that is next the back. (L, TA.) تَقَوَّبَ عَنْ غِرْبَانِ أَوْرَاكِهَا الخَطْرُ غُرَابٌ signifies also The whole of the back of the head. (K, TA.) You say, شَابَ غُرَابُهُ The hair of the whole of the back of his head became white, or hoary. (TA. [See a similar phrase above in this paragraph.]) See also غُرْبٌ , former half, in two places. And A bunch of بَرِير [or fruit of the أَرَاك , q. v.]: (K:) or a black bunch thereof: pl. غِرْبَانٌ : (TA:) or غِرْبَانُ البَرِيرِ signifies the ripe fruit of the أَرَاك . (S.) And Hail, and snow, (K, TA,) and hoar-frost: from مُغْرَبٌ signifying the “ dawn; ” because of their whiteness. (TA.)

Nounغُرُوبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — tears; the sharpness and lustre of the teethgenerated

Plural of غَرْبٌ.

1.1

[Golius gives it the meaning of وِهَادٌ, which he renders 'Depressiores terræ', as on the authority of J; but I do not find this in the S.]

Qur’ānic occurrences غُرُوب

20:130

فَٱصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ ٱلشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا ۖ وَمِنْ ءَانَآئِ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْ وَأَطْرَافَ ٱلنَّهَارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرْضَىٰ

Therefore be patient with what they say, and celebrate (constantly) the praises of thy Lord, before the rising of the sun, and before its setting; yea, celebrate them for part of the hours of the night, and at the sides of the day: that thou mayest have (spiritual) joy.

50:39

فَٱصْبِرْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ ٱلشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ ٱلْغُرُوبِ

Bear, then, with patience, all that they say, and celebrate the praises of thy Lord, before the rising of the sun and before (its) setting.

Show Lane's original text

pl. of غَرْبٌ [q. v.]. [Golius assigns to it the meaning of وِهَادٌ , which he renders “ Depressiores terræ; ” as on the authority of J: but I do not find this in the S.]

Nounغَرِيبٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a stranger, or foreigner; strange, obscure languagegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreda stranger, or foreigner; one far, or distant, from his home, or native country—غُرُبٌ

Plural غُرَبَآءُ; غُرْبٌ is also a plural of غَرِيبٌ, as قُرْبٌ is a plural of قَرِيبٌ — so in the article زلف. The feminine of the first is غَرِيبَةٌ, plural غَرَائِبُ.

a stranger, or foreigner—غَرِيبِىٌّ

A man not of one's own people; a man not of one's own kindred; an alien with respect to kindred.

she distributed her thread among the strange women—أَذَاعَتْ غَزْلَهَا فِى الغَرَائِبِ

[a face like the mirror of her who is a stranger]—وَجْهٌ كَمِرْآةِ الغَرِيبَةِ

Used by a poet; most of the women who spin for hire are strangers.

Because the غَرِيبَة, being among people not her own, has her mirror always polished; she has no one to give her a sincere opinion about her face.

[I will assuredly beat you with the beating of the strange one of the camels]—لَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرِيبَةِ الإِبِلِ

A saying of El-Hajjáj threatening the subjects of his government: as a strange camel, intruding among others when they come to water, is beaten and driven away.

an arrow, without feathers or head, not of the same trees as the rest of the arrows—قِدْحٌ غَرِيبٌ

1.1language that is strange, unusual, or extraordinary; far from being intelligible, hard to understand, obscure—غَرِيبٌ

[the composition on the subject of the strange kind of words and the like]—مُصَنَّفُ الغَرِيبِ

[the two classes of strange words: those occurring in the Qur'án and those of the Traditions]—الغَرِيبَانِ

a word, or an expression, that is strange, or obscure—كَلِمَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ

غَرِيبَةٌ, applied to a word, and often used as an adjective in which the quality of a noun is predominant, is the opposite of فَصِيحَةٌ, and its plural is غَرَائِبُ; mentioned in the Mz, 13th نوع.

1.2

[And hence it often means improbable.]

1.3

Applied to a tradition, it means traced up without a break to the Apostle of God, but related by only one person, of the تَابِعُونَ, or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ التَّابِعِينَ, or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ أَتْبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ.

2black—غَرِيبَةٌ

The feminine, in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee as some relate it; so explained by Skr, who gives سَوْدَآءُ as the synonym. Mentioned in the TA under عَزِيزَةُ.

[It is perhaps used by poetic licence for غِرْبِيبَةٌ, the feminine of غِرْبِيبٌ.]

Show Lane's original text

(S, Msb, K) and غُرُبٌ (S, K) and غَرِيبِىٌّ (AA, TA) signify the same, (S, K, TA,) [A stranger, or foreigner;] one far, or distant, from his home, or native country; (Msb;) a man not of one's own people: (TA:) a man not of one's own kindred; an alien with respect to kindred; (S in explanation of the first;) pl. of the first غُرَبَآءُ ; (S, TA;) and غُرْبٌ [also] is a pl. of غَرِيبٌ , like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ : (TA in art. زلف :) fem. of the first غَرِيبَةٌ ; pl. غَرَائِبُ . (L, TA.) أَذَاعَتْ غَزْلَهَا فِى الغَرَائِبِ , a phrase used by a poet, means She distributed her thread among the strange women: for most of the women who spin for hire are strangers. (L, TA.) And one says وَجْهٌ كَمِرْآةِ الغَرِيبَةِ [A face like the mirror of her who is a stranger]: because, the غَرِيبَة being among such as are not her own people, her mirror is always polished; for she has none to give her a sincere opinion respecting her face. (A.) And لَأَضْرِبَنَّكُمْ ضَرْبَ غَرِيبَةِ الإِبِلِ [I will assuredly beat you with the beating of the strange one of the camels] is a saying of El-Hajjáj threatening the subjects of his government; meaning, as a strange camel, intruding among others when they come to water, is beaten and driven away. (IAth, TA.) And [hence] قِدْحٌ غَرِيبٌ means [An arrow, without feathers or head,] such as is not of the same trees whereof are the rest of the arrows. (TA.) غَرِيبٌ signifies also Language that is strange; [unusual, extraordinary, or unfamiliar;] far from being intelligible; difficult to be understood; or obscure. (Msb, TA.) Hence, مُصَنَّفُ الغَرِيبِ [The composition on the subject of the strange kind of words &c.]. (A, TA.) [Hence also الغَرِيبَانِ The two classes of strange words &c., namely, those occurring in the Kur-án, and those of the Traditions.] And كَلِمَةٌ غَرِيبَةٌ A word, or an expression, that is [strange, &c., or] obscure: (A, TA:) غَرِيبَةٌ applied to a word [and often used as an epithet in which the quality of a subst. is predominant] is opposed to فَصِيحَةٌ : and its pl. is غَرَائِبُ . (Mz 13th نوع .) [And hence it often signifies Improbable.] Applied to a trad., it means Traced up uninterruptedly to the Apostle of God, but related by only one person. of the تَابِعُونَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ التَّابِعِينَ or of those termed أَتْبَاعُ أَتْبَاعِ التَّابِعِينَ . (KT.) [The fem.] غَرِيبَةٌ , in a verse of Aboo-Kebeer El-Hudhalee, as some relate it, is expl. by Skr as meaning Black; syn. سَوْدَآءُ . (TA voce عَزِيزَةُ [q. v. It is perhaps used by poetic license for غِرْبِيبَةٌ , fem. of غِرْبِيبٌ .])

Nounغَرِيبَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a woman who is a stranger; a hand-millgenerated

Feminine of غَرِيبٌ.

1.1figurative · مجازthe hand-mill—الغَرِيبَةُ

[Hence, as a noun.] So called because the neighbours borrow it, so that it does not stay with its owners.

Show Lane's original text

fem. of غَرِيبٌ [q. v.] [Hence, as a subst.,] الغَرِيبَةُ signifies The hand-mill: so called because the neighbours borrow it, (A, K, TA.) and thus it does not remain with its owners. (A, TA.)

Nounغُرَابِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a sort of datesgenerated

A sort of dates. [See also غَرْبِىٌّ.]

In some copies of the K, ثمر is put in place of تمر; but the latter is the right reading.

Show Lane's original text

A sort of dates. (AHn, K, TA. [See also غَرْبِىٌّ .]) In some copies of the K, for تمر is put ثمر : the former is the right. (TA.)

Nounغَرِيبِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a sort of datesgenerated

See غَرِيبٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see غَرِيبٌ .

Nounغَارِبٌ8 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a camel's withers; the fore part of the hump; the highest part of anythinggenerated

1[this is the western side of the mountain]—هٰذَا غَارِبُ الجَبَلِ

[this is the western side of the mountain]—غَرْبِيُّهُ

[The western side of a mountain and the like.]

هذا شَارِقُ الجَبَلِ and شَرْقِيُّهُ are used in the opposite sense. Mentioned in the article شرق.

Also the كَاهِل [or withers] of the camel; or the part between the hump and the neck, on which the leading-rope is thrown when the camel is sent to pasture where it likes; plural غَوَارِبُ.

2.1figurative · مجازyour rope is upon your withers—حَبْلُكِ عَلَى غَارِبِكِ

Used by the Arabs in the Time of Ignorance in divorcing, meaning: I have left your way free, or open, to you; go wherever you like.

It comes from throwing a she-camel's leading-rope upon her withers, if it is on her, when she pastures; for when she sees the leading-rope, nothing gives her enjoyment.

2.2the fore and hind parts of the back, and of the hump—الغَارِبَانِ

a camel whose hump is cleft between its fore and hind parts—بَعِيرٌ ذُو غَارِبَيْنِ

That is, between the غاربان; this is mostly the case in the بَخَاتِىّ whose sire is the فَالِج [the large two-humped camel of Es-Sind] and whose dam is Arabian.

2.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe fore part of the hump—غَارِبٌ

[and he ceased not to twist the fur of] the upper part and the fore part of the hump [until 'Áïsheh gave him her consent to go forth]—فَمَا زَالَ يَفْتِلُ فِى الذِّرْوَةِ وَالغَارِبِ حَتَّى أَجَابَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى الخُرُوجِ

It occurs in a tradition of Ez-Zubeyr; the meaning is that he did not stop using guile with her and coaxing her until she gave her consent.

It comes from the fact that when a man wants to make a refractory camel tractable and to attach the nose-rein, he passes his hand over him and strokes his غارب and twists its fur until he has become tame.

Or غَارِبٌ means the upper portion of the fore part of the hump.

2.4figurative · مجازthe higher parts of the waves of water—غَوَارِبُ المَآءِ

Also the upper part of a wave.

Likened to the غوارب of camels; or it means the higher parts of water.

2.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

And the highest part of anything.