عيش

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · 14 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 8

Form 1عَاشَ1 sense

maṣdarعَيْشٌmuḍāriʿيَعِيشُ

Core sense — he lived, he became possessed of lifegenerated

1.1such a one lived a pleasant life, or sort of life—عَاشَ فُلَانٌ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةً

maṣdar عَيْشٌ, مَعَاشٌ, مَعِيشٌ, مَعِيشَةٌ, عِيشَةٌ, عَيْشُوشَةٌ, and in the dialect of El-Azd مَعُوشَةٌ.

He lived; [he passed life in a particular manner or state:] he became possessed of life.

If عِيشَة is taken as a simple maṣdar, as stated above, the meaning is a pleasant life; otherwise, a pleasant state or sort of life. See also عِيشَةٌ below.

Marks the beginning of the Form 1 material.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, A, O, Msb, K,) aor. يَعِيشُ , inf. n. عَيْشٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ (S, O, K.) and مَعِيشَةٌ and عِيشَةٌ and عَيْشُوشَةٌ (O, K) and in the dial. of El-Azd مَعُوشَةٌ , (K in art. عوش , and TA.) He lived; (S, A, * O, K;) [he passed life in a particular manner of state:] he became possessed of life. (Msb.) You say,. عَاشَ فُلَانٌ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةً Such a one lived a pleasant [life (if we regard عِيشَة as a simple inf. n., as it is said to be above,) or] state [or sort] of life. (A.) [See also عِيشَةٌ , below.]

Form 2عَيَّشَ1 sense

Core sense — he made him livegenerated

2.1

See Form 4.

Show Lane's original text

see 4

Form 3عايشهُ1 sense

maṣdarمُعَايَشَةٌ

Core sense — he lived with himgenerated

3.1

He lived with him.

Like the way one says عَاشَرَهُ.

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. مُعَايَشَةٌ , He lived with him; like as you say عَاشَرَهُ . (TA.)

Form 4اعاشهُ1 sense

Core sense — he made him livegenerated

4.1God made him live a pleasant life, or sort of life—اعاشهُ ٱللّٰهُ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةٌ

He (God) made him live; also عيّشهُ, maṣdar تَعْيِيشٌ.

Show Lane's original text

He (God, S, A) made him to live; (S, A, O, * K;) as also عيّشهُ , (O, * K,) inf. n. تَعْيِيشٌ . (TA.) You say, اعاشهُ ٱللّٰهُ عِيشَةً رَاضِيَةٌ [God made him to live a pleasant life, or state or sort of life]. (S.)

Form 5تعيّش1 sense

Core sense — he constrained himself to obtain the means of lifegenerated

5.1

He constrained himself to obtain the means of life. Or: he had what was barely enough of sustenance, with nothing left over.

Show Lane's original text

He constrained himself to obtain the means of life: (S;) or he had what was barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (TA.)

Form 6تعايشوا1 sense

Core sense — they lived together, one with anothergenerated

6.1they lived together with sociableness and affection—تعايشوا بِأُلْفَةٍ وَمَوَدَّةٍ

They lived together, one with another.

Show Lane's original text

[They lived together: one with another]. You say, تعايشوا بِأُلْفَةٍ وَمَوَدَّةٍ [They lived together with sociableness and affection, (A, TA.)

Derived nouns 8

Nounعَيْشٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — life, animal life; wheat or other food; breadgenerated

A maṣdar of Form 1.

1.1at one time you live at ease, at one time as warriors live—أَنْتَ مَرَّةٌ عَيْشٌ وَمَرَّةٌ جَيْشٌ

As a noun: life; or particularly animal life.

A proverb, so explained by A 'Obeyd. In place of عَيْشِ غَزِىّ we should perhaps read عَيْشٍ عَزِيزٍ, that is, a difficult state of life. Or the meaning is: you benefit at one time and injure at another.

A man of whom IAar asked "How is such a one?" answered عَيْشٌ وَجَيْشٌ, meaning: at one time with me, and at one time against me.

1.2

Also the same as مَعِيشَةٌ in the senses pointed out below; see that word, in four places.

1.3wheat, or other food—طَعَامٌ

And [hence] this meaning, in the dialect of El-Hijáz, or of El-Yemen. Also seed-produce, in the dialect of El-Hijáz; and bread, in the dialect of Egypt.

Show Lane's original text

[an inf. n. of 1. As a subst.,] Life: (S, O, K;) or particularly animal life. (Kull p. 262.) It is said in a prove., أَنْتَ مَرَّةٌ عَيْشٌ وَمَرَّةٌ جَيْشٌ . meaning, Thou act at one time in an easy state of life, and at one time in the state of life of warriors: (A 'Obeyd, as cited in the TA: [but for عَيْشِ غَزِىّ in my original, we should perhaps read عَيْشٍ عَزِيزٍ , i. e. a difficult state of life:) or thou benefitest at one time, and injurest at another (TA. And a man to whom IAar said “ How is such a one '” answered عَيْشٌ وَجَيْشٌ , meaning At one time with me, and at one time against me. (TA. [See also Freytag's Arab. Prov. i. 70 and ii. 699 Also I. q. مَعِيشَةٌ , in senses pointed out below (K.) see the latter, in four places. And [hence,] Wheat, or other food; syn. طَعَامٌ ; (IDrd, A, O, K;) in the dial. of El-Hijáz, (A.) or of El-Yemen: (IDrd, O, TA:) and seed-produce; in the dial. of El-Hijáz: (A, TA:) and bread; (K:) in the dial. of Egypt. (TA.)

Nounعِيشَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a state, or sort, of lifegenerated

See Form 1, in two places.

1.1he lived a good sort of life—عَاشَ عِيشَةُ صِدْقٍ

he lived an evil sort of life—عِيشَةَ سَوْءٍ

on this sense A state, or sort, of life.

Qur’ānic occurrences عِيشَة

69:21

فَهُوَ فِى عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ

And he will be in a life of Bliss,

101:7

فَهُوَ فِى عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ

Will be in a life of good pleasure and satisfaction.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

[see 1, in two places. ] A state, (A,) or sort. (TA,) of life. (A, TA.) You say, عَاشَ عِيشَةُ صِدْقٍ , and عِيشَةَ سَوْءٍ , He lived a good sort of life, and an evil sort of life. (TA.)

Nounعَيَّاشٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who has much of the means of life, one living wellgenerated

See the paragraph that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see the paragraph here following.

Nounعَائِشٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — living, having life; in a good state of lifegenerated

1the same but intensive: apparently having much of the means of life, or living well—عَيَّاشٌ

[Living:] having life.

The feminine of the former is formed with ة.

1.1

A man in a good state or condition of life.

Show Lane's original text

[Living:] having life: and in like manner, but in an intensive sense, (app. meaning having much of the means of life or living well.) عَيَّاشٌ : fem. of the former with ة . (Msb.) A man in a good state or condition [of life] (Lth, A, O, K.)

Nounمَعَاشٌ1 sense

Core sense — that by which one lives; the place or time in which one livesgenerated

1the earth is the place of subsistence of mankind, or of created beings—الأَرْضُ مَعَاشُ الخَلْقِ

This word and مَعِيشٌ may be used as nouns as well as maṣdars, like مَعَابٌ and مَعِيبٌ, and mean, like مَعِيشَةٌ, that by which one lives, or the place and time in which one lives.

[Or rather they have both these meanings; but معاش generally has the latter, while معيشة, q. v., and معيش are generally used in the former sense, or one like it.]

مَعَاشٌ also means the place of subsistence, or the known or usual place of it, and the time in which one seeks sustenance.

the day is the time for seeking sustenance—النَّهَارُ مَعَاشٌ

As in the Qur'ān 78:11.

See also مَعِيشَةٌ, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences مَعَاش

78:11

وَجَعَلْنَا ٱلنَّهَارَ مَعَاشًا

And made the day as a means of subsistence?

Show Lane's original text

and مَعِيشٌ may be used as substantives as well as inf. ns., like مَعَابٌ and مَعِيبٌ ; (S, O, TA;) and signify, like مَعِيشَةٌ , That whereby one lives: or that [place and time] in which one lives: (TA:) [or rather, they have both these significations; but معاش has generally the latter. whereas معيشة , q. v., and معيش , are generally used in the former sense, or one similar to it:] مَعَاشٌ also signifies the place of subsistence; or the known, or usual, place thereof: and the time wherein one seeks sustenance. (TA.) Thus, (TA,) الأَرْضُ مَعَاشُ الخَلْقِ [The earth is the place of subsistence of mankind, or of the created beings]. (A, O, TA.) And النَّهَارُ مَعَاشٌ The day is the time for seeking sustenance: as in the Kur, lxxviii. 11. (O, TA.) See also مَعِيشَةٌ , in two places.

Nounمَعِيشٌ1 sense

Core sense — that by which one lives, the means of lifegenerated

See مَعِيشَةٌ, in four places, and مَعَاشٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَعِيشَةٌ , in four places: and مَعَاشٌ .

Nounمَعِيشَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — victuals, sustenance; the means by which one livesgenerated

Maṣdar of عَاشَ.

1.1

Victuals, living, sustenance, or the food and drink by which one lives; also عَيْشٌ. Hence one says that dates are the عَيْش of such a family.

That by which life subsists; the means of life or subsistence; also عَيْشٌ.

That by which one lives; also عَيْشٌ, مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ.

Or the state in which one lives; also عَيْشٌ, مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ.

The means of obtaining that by which one lives.

Aboo-Is-hák: the gain, or earnings, by which a man lives; also مَعِيشٌ.

The plural is مَعَايِشُ, in general opinion without ء when formed from the original of the singular, which is مَعْيِشَةٌ, of the measure مَفْعِلَةٌ; or because it is from عَاشَ, so that the measure of the plural is مَفَاعِلُ.

But when it is formed from the secondary form of the singular, it is with ء [مَعَائِشُ], مَفْعِلَةٌ being in this case likened to فَعِيلَةٌ, as مَصَائِبُ is with ء because the ى in its singular is sākin. Some of the grammarians hold this latter plural to be incorrect, and all the Basree grammarians do so. Or, according to some, مَعِيشٌ and مَعِيشَةٌ are from معش, and the plural in question is therefore of the measure فَعَائِلُ, with ء.

1.2the punishment of the grave—مَعِيشَةٌ ضَنْكٌ

So, according to most of the expositors, in the Qur'ān 20:123.

Or, as some say, strait sustenance in the fire of hell.

Qur’ān 20:124 approximate — somewhere between 20:108 and 20:130 Lane cites “Kur xx. 123”

Qur’ān 20:124 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

وَمَنْ أَعْرَضَ عَن ذِكْرِى فَإِنَّ لَهُۥ مَعِيشَةً ضَنكًا وَنَحْشُرُهُۥ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَـٰمَةِ أَعْمَىٰ

"But whosoever turns away from My Message, verily for him is a life narrowed down, and We shall raise him up blind on the Day of Judgment."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Show Lane's original text

inf. n. of عَاشَ [q. v.]. (K.) Also Victuals, living, sustenance, or food and drink by which one lives; (Lth, A, O, K;) as also عَيْشٌ ; (A;) whence you say that dates are the عَيْش of such a family: (TA:) that whereby life subsists; the means of life or subsistence; (A, K;) as also عَيْشٌ : (A, TA:) that whereby one lives; as also عَيْشٌ (A, K, TA) and مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ ; (TA;) or [the state] wherein one lives; (A, K, TA;) as also عَيْشٌ (A) and مَعَاشٌ and مَعِيشٌ : (TA:) the means of obtaining that whereby one lives: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA:) the gain, or earnings, by means of which a man lives; (Mgh, Msb;) as also مَعِيشٌ : (Msb:) the pl. is مَعَايِشُ , (S, O, Msb,) accord. to general opinion, (Msb,) without ء , (S, O, Msb,) when formed from the original of the sing., which is مَعْيِشَةٌ , of the measure مَفْعِلَةٌ ; (S, O;) or because it is from عَاشَ , so that the measure of the pl. is مَفَاعِلُ : (Msb:) but when it is formed from the secondary form of the sing., it is with ء , [ مَعَائِشُ ,] مَفْعِلَةٌ being in this case likened to فَعِيلَةٌ , like as مَصَائِبُ is with ء because the ى [in its sing.] is quiescent; but some of the grammarians hold this latter pl. to be incorrect: (S, O:) all the Basree grammarians hold it to be so: (TA:) or, accord. to some, مَعِيشٌ and مَعِيشَةٌ are from معش ; and the pl. in question is therefore of the measure فَعَائِلُ , with ء . (Msb.) مَعِيشَةٌ ضَنْكٌ The punishment of the grave: (O, K:) so, accord. to most of the expositors, in the Kur xx. 123: or, as some say, [strait sustenance] in the fire of hell. (O, TA.)

Nounمُتَعَيِّشٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who constrains himself to obtain the means of lifegenerated

One who constrains himself to obtain the means of life. Or: one who has what is barely enough of sustenance, with nothing left over.

Show Lane's original text

One who constrains himself to obtain the means of life: (TA:) or who has what is barely sufficient, of sustenance, nothing remaining over and above it. (Lth, A, O, K.)