Core sense — at, near, by, with, or in the presence of; in one's judgment, or opiniongenerated
1[He is in the vicinage, or the quarter, etc., of such a one, now]—هُوَ عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ الآنَ
This word, and عَنْدٌ and عُنْدٌ: according to Ibn-'Abbád, the same as نَاحِيَةٌ [apparently meaning the vicinage, or the quarter, tract, region, or place, of a person or thing].
[See also عَنَدٌ, which has a similar meaning.]
2at, near, by, or close by, a place or thing; with, present with, or in the presence of, a person; at, or about, a time—عِنْدَ
عَنْدَ and عُنْدَ mean the same; they are dialectal variants, and the first is the commonest and the most chaste.
Each is an adverbial noun of place and also of time: of place when prefixed to a noun signifying a place or anything local, of time when prefixed to a noun signifying a time.
It denotes presence — presence perceptible by the senses, and also ideal presence, or rather the place of presence — and nearness, or the place of nearness; or the utmost nearness, and so it has no diminutive.
It is used primarily of what is present with a person or thing, in any adjacent part or quarter with respect to that person or thing, or of what is near to a person or thing. It also means among, or amongst, persons or things; and at, or on, denoting the occasion of an event or an action.
2.1[at, near, by, or close by, the house or tent]—عِنْدَ البَيْتِ
[at, near, or close by, the wall]—عِنْدَ الحَائِطِ
[With me, present with me, in my presence, or at my abode, is Zeyd]—عِنْدِى زَيْدٌ
[I was with, or among, the people, or party]—كُنْتُ عِنْدَ القَوْمِ
[And when he saw it standing in his presence]—فَلَمَّا رَآهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِنْدَهُ
[Close to the lote-tree of the ultimate point of access]—عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ ٱلْمُنْتَهَى
with me, or by me, that is, present with me, is property—عِنْدِى مَالٌ
[I have property in his hands, or possession; property is owed to me by him]—لِى عِنْدَهُ مَالٌ
Used as an adverbial noun of place. This is an example of its use denoting presence perceptible by the senses.
Here it denotes nearness.
It also means that property is in my possession, and in my power and at my disposal, though absent from me; I have, or possess, property.
As also قِبَلَهُ, mentioned in art. قبل.
[He has, or possesses, goodness and excellence]—عِنْدَهُ خَيْرٌ وَفَضْلٌ
[He has no evil in him]—مَا عنِدَهُ شَرٌّ
[And if you complete ten years, it will be] of your abundant bounty—فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْرًا فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ
[He with whom was, that is, who possessed, knowledge of the Scripture said]—قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ مِنَ ٱلْكِتَابِ
[I have something to seek at the hand of such a one; I want a thing of such a one]—لِى عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ حَاجَةٌ
Hence it is used in relation to attributes.
[Or of your own free will, as Bd's explanation implies, and as common usage agrees.]
This is an example of it denoting ideal presence.
As also قِبَلَ فُلَانٍ, mentioned in art. حوج.
[And one says the same of a right or due.]
[He sought an object of want at the hand of such a one]—طَلَبَ حَاجَةً عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ
[See an example in art. علو, Form 3.]
Qur’ān 27:40 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur xxvii. 40”
Qur’ān 53:14 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur liii. 14”
Qur’ān 27:40 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur xxvii. 40”
Qur’ān 27:40 Lane quotes this verse
قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِندَهُۥ عِلْمٌ مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ أَنَا۠ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَن يَرْتَدَّ إِلَيْكَ طَرْفُكَ ۚ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِندَهُۥ قَالَ هَـٰذَا مِن فَضْلِ رَبِّى لِيَبْلُوَنِىٓ ءَأَشْكُرُ أَمْ أَكْفُرُ ۖ وَمَن شَكَرَ فَإِنَّمَا يَشْكُرُ لِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ رَبِّى غَنِىٌّ كَرِيمٌSaid one who had knowledge of the Book: "I will bring it to thee within the twinkling of an eye!" Then when (Solomon) saw it placed firmly before him, he said: "This is by the Grace of my Lord!- to test me whether I am grateful or ungrateful! and if any is grateful, truly his gratitude is (a gain) for his own soul; but if any is ungrateful, truly my Lord is Free of all Needs, Supreme in Honour!"Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
2.2[at, near, or about, daybreak]—عِنْدَ الصُّبْحِ
[at, near, or about, night]—عِنْدَ اللَّيْلِ
[I came to you at, or about, the rising of the sun]—جِئْتُكَ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ
[At, on, or on the occasion of, that event; thereupon]—عِنْدَ ذٰلِكَ
[At, on, or on the occasion of, his doing such a thing]—عِنْدَمَا فَعَلَ كَذَا
on this sense Used as an adverbial noun of time.
2.3[I came from his presence, or his vicinage; or I came from him]—جِئْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ
It admits the preposition مِنْ before it, but no other preposition; and so does لَدُنْ.
[Upon whom we had bestowed mercy from us, and whom we had taught, from us, knowledge]—آتَيْنَاهُ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا وَعَلَّمْنَاهُ مِنْ لَدُنَّا عِلْمًا
[This is from, or of, my property; or from me; or, emphatically, from myself]—هٰذَا مِنْ عِنْدِى
In this case it may be considered redundant.
It occurs likewise in the example above, from the Qur'ān 28:27.
This is said of a gift.
One should not say مَضَيْتُ إِلَى عِنْدِكَ, nor إِلَى لَدُنْكَ, as the common people do.
Qur’ān 18:65 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur xviii. 64”
Qur’ān 28:27 approximate — somewhere between 28:1 and 28:45 Lane cites “Kur xxviii. 27”
Qur’ān 18:65 Lane quotes this verse
فَوَجَدَا عَبْدًا مِّنْ عِبَادِنَآ ءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ رَحْمَةً مِّنْ عِندِنَا وَعَلَّمْنَـٰهُ مِن لَّدُنَّا عِلْمًاSo they found one of Our servants, on whom We had bestowed Mercy from Ourselves and whom We had taught knowledge from Our own Presence.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
2.4[This is, in my judgment, or opinion, thus]—هٰذَا عِنْدِى كَذَا
[And do you have a judgment, or an opinion?]—أَوَلَكَ عِنْدٌ
Being a vague adverbial noun, it may not be used except as an adverbial noun, apart from this case: one says it of a thing without knowing it.
Said by one of the Muwelleds.
They assert that عِنْد here means the mind, that is, القَلْب and المَعْقُول, or القَلْب and مَا فِيهِ مَعْقُولُ اللُّبِّ [as in the phrase بُرْ لِى مَا عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ, explained in art. بور as meaning Find out for me what is in the mind of such a one; and in many other instances]; but this assertion is not valid: it means judgment, or opinion.
[This is] in my judgment [more excellent than this]—هٰذَا عِنْدِى أَفْضَلُ مِنْ هٰذَا
[You are] in my opinion [going away]—أَنْتَ عِنْدِى ذَاهِبٌ
[This saying is, in my judgment, or opinion, right, or correct]—هٰذَا القَوْلُ عِنْدِى صَوَابٌ
[generally best rendered: in the estimation, or sight, of God]—عِنْدَ ٱللّٰهِ
[And who are you, that you should have a judgment, or an opinion?]
shāhid 1وَمَنْ أَنْتُمُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ لَكُمْ عِنْدٌ
[Every judgment, or opinion, of yours, in my judgment, or opinion, will not equal half a judgment, or opinion]
shāhid 2لَا يُسَاوِى نِصْفَ عِنْدِكُلَّ عِنْدٍ لَكَ عِنْدِى
2.5
[Sometimes it denotes comparison: see an example under تَعَاظَمَ.]
2.6Take Zeyd—عِنْدَكَ زَيْدًا
Sometimes it is used to urge someone on; in this case it is prefixed [to كَ or the like], not used alone.
2.7Keep where you are—عِنْدَكَ
Said in warning someone about something in front of him; [and it is still used in this sense;] here it is an intransitive verbal noun.
Qur’ānic occurrences عِند 5 shown of 185
37:48
وَعِندَهُمْ قَـٰصِرَٰتُ ٱلطَّرْفِ عِينٌAnd besides them will be chaste women, restraining their glances, with big eyes (of wonder and beauty).
51:34
مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُسْرِفِينَ"Marked as from thy Lord for those who trespass beyond bounds."
53:14
عِندَ سِدْرَةِ ٱلْمُنتَهَىٰNear the Lote-tree beyond which none may pass:
53:15
عِندَهَا جَنَّةُ ٱلْمَأْوَىٰٓNear it is the Garden of Abode.
81:20
ذِى قُوَّةٍ عِندَ ذِى ٱلْعَرْشِ مَكِينٍEndued with Power, with rank before the Lord of the Throne,
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
and عَنْدٌ and عُنْدٌ , (O, K,) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) i. q. نَاحِيَةٌ [app. as meaning The vicinage, or the quarter, tract, region, or place, of a person or thing]: (O, K:) whence the saying, هُوَ عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ الآنَ [He is in the vicinage, or the quarter, &c., of such a one, now]. (O.) [See also عَنَدٌ , which has a similar meaning.] عِنْدَ and عَنْدَ and عُنْدَ signify the same, (S, O, Msb, Mughnee, K,) being dial. vars., (S, O, Msb,) the first of which is the most common, (Mughnee,) and the most chaste: (Msb:) each is an adv. n. of place, and also of time; (S, O, Msb, Mughnee, K;) [used in the manner of a prep., though properly a prefixed noun;] of place when prefixed to a noun signifying a place [or anything local]; (TA;) of time when prefixed to a noun signifying a time: (Msb, TA:) denoting presence, (S, O,) i. e. perceptible presence, and also ideal presence, or rather the place of presence; (Mughnee;) and nearness, (S, O, Mughnee,) or the place of nearness; (Mughnee;) or the utmost nearness, and therefore it has no dim.; (T, TA;) [i. e.] it is primarily used in relation to that which is present with a person [or thing], in any adjacent part or quarter with respect to that person [or thing]; or in relation to that which is near to a person [or thing]: (Msb:) [thus it signifies At, near, nigh, by, near by, or close by, a place, or thing; with, present with, or in the presence of, a person or persons, or a thing or things; at the abode of a person; at the place of, or in the region of, a thing; or among, or amongst, persons or things: and at, near, nigh, or about, a time; and at, or on, or upon, denoting the occasion of an event or an action:] using it as an adv. n. of place, you say عِنْدَ البَيْتِ [At, near, nigh, by, near by, or close by, the house or tent]; (TA;) and عِنْدَ الحَائِطِ [At, near, nigh, &c., the wall]; (S, O;) [and عِنْدِى زَيْدٌ With me, present with me, in my presence, or at my abode, is Zeyd; and كُنْتُ عِنْدَ القَوْمِ I was with, or among, the people, or party; and] فَلَمَّا رَآهُ مُسْتَقِرًّا عِنْدَهُ [And when he saw it standing in his presence (in the Kur xxvii. 40)] is an ex. of its use as denoting presence perceptible by sense: and it is used as denoting nearness in the phrase عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ ٱلْمُنْتَهَى [Nigh to the lote-tree of the ultimate point of access (in the Kur liii. 14)]: (Mughnee:) you say also, عِنْدِى مَالٌ , meaning With me, or by me, i. e. present with me, is property; and meaning also in my possession, and in my power and at my disposal, is property, though absent from me; I have, or possess, property; (Msb, Mughnee; *) and لِى عِنْدَهُ مَالٌ [I have property in his hands, or possession; or there is property due to me in his hands, or possession; meaning, owed to me by him]; as also قِبَلَهُ : (TA in art. قبل :) hence it is used in relation to attributes; so that one says, عِنْدَهُ خَيْرٌ وَفَضْلٌ [He has, or possesses, goodness and excellence]; and مَا عنِدَهُ شَرٌّ [He has not evil]: and hence the saying in the Kur [xxviii. 27], فَإِنْ أَتْمَمْتَ عَشْرًا فَمِنْ عِنْدِكَ i. e. [And if thou complete ten years, it will be] of thy redundant bounty; (Msb;) [or of thine own freewill; as is implied in the explanation by Bd, and agreeably with common usage:] and it is used as denoting ideal presence in the phrase قَالَ ٱلَّذِى عِنْدَهُ عِلْمٌ مِنَ ٱلْكِتَابِ [He with whom was, i. e. who possessed, knowledge the of Scripture said (in the Kur xxvii. 40)]: (Mughnee:) [hence also] one says, لِى عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ حَاجَةٌ [I have an object of want to be sought, or required, at the hand of such a one, or a want to be supplied on the part of such a one; meaning I want a thing of such a one; as also قِبَلَ فُلَانٍ ]: (TA in art. حوج :) [and in like manner one says of a right or due ( حَقٌّ ): and طَلَبَ حَاجَةً عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ He sought an object of want at the hand of such a one: (see an ex. in art. علو , conj. 3:)] using it as an adv. n. of time, you say عِنْدَ الصُّبْحِ [At, near, nigh, or about, daybreak]; (Msb, TA;) and عِنْدَ اللَّيْلِ [At, near, nigh, or about, night]; (S, O;) and جِئْتُكَ عِنْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ [I came to thee at, near, &c., the rising of the sun]; (Mughnee;) [and عِنْدَ ذٰلِكَ At, on, upon, or on the occasion of, that event; thereupon; and عِنْدَمَا فَعَلَ كَذَا At, on, upon, or on the occasion of, his doing such a thing.] It admits before it the prep. مِنْ , (S, O, Msb, Mughnee, K,) but no other prep.; (S, O, Msb;) like as does لَدُنْ : (S, O:) as in the saying, جِئْتُ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ [I came from his presence, or his vicinage: or I came from him; for in this case it may be considered as redundant]: (Msb:) and in the saying آتَيْنَاهُ رَحْمَةً مِنْ عِنْدِنَا وَعَلَّمْنَاهُ مِنْ لَدُنَّا عِلْمًا [Upon whom we had bestowed mercy from us, and whom we had taught, from us, knowledge (in the Kur xviii. 64)]: (Mughnee:) [and in an ex. above, from the Kur xxviii. 27: and one says of a gift, هٰذَا مِنْ عِنْدِى , meaning This is from, or of, my property; or from me; or, by way of emphasis, from myself:] one should not say [as the vulgar do], مَضَيْتُ إِلَى عِنْدِكَ ; nor إِلَى لَدُنْكَ . (S, O, K. *) Being a vague adv. n., (T, TA,) it may not be used otherwise than as an adv. n., (T, S, O, K, TA,) except in the following case: (T, O, TA:) one says of a thing without knowing it, هٰذَا عِنْدِى كَذَا [This is in my judgment, or opinion, thus]; and thereupon another says, أَوَلَكَ عِنْدٌ [And hast thou a judgment, or an opinion?]: (T, A, * O, * K, * TA:) and in like manner one says, 1 [And who are ye, that ye should have a judgment, or an opinion?]: (TA:) and thus in the saying, (Mughnee, TA,) of one of the Muwelleds, (Mughnee,) 2 [Every judgment, or opinion, of thine, in my judgment, or opinion, will not equal the half of a judgment, or an opinion]: (Mughnee, TA:) they assert that عِنْد in this case means the mind, (T, O, * K, * TA,) i. e. القَلْب , and المَعْقُول , (O, K,) or القَلْب and مَا فِيهِ مَعْقُولُ اللُّبِّ ; (T, TA;) [as in the phrase بُرْ لِى مَا عِنْدَ فُلَانٍ , expl. in the S, in art. بور , as meaning Try thou, or examine, and learn, for me, what is in the mind ( نَفْس ) of such a one; and in many other instances:] but this assertion is not valid: (T, TA:) [in a case of this kind] it means judgment [or opinion]: thus one says, هٰذَا عِنْدِى أَفْضَلُ مِنْ هٰذَا i. e. [This is] in my judgment [more excellent than this]: (Msb:) and أَنْتَ عِنْدِى ذَاهِبٌ i. e. [Thou art] in my opinion [going away]: (Fr, Th, TA:) and هٰذَا القَوْلُ عِنْدِى صَوَابٌ [This saying is in my judgment, or opinion, right, or correct]: (Mughnee:) [and in like manner, عِنْدَ ٱللّٰهِ is generally best rendered In the estimation, or sight, of God.] وَمَنْ أَنْتُمُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ لَكُمْ عِنْدٌ لَا يُسَاوِى نِصْفَ عِنْدِ | كُلَّ عِنْدٍ لَكَ عِنْدِى [Sometimes it denotes comparison: see an ex. voce تَعَاظَمَ .] It is also sometimes used to denote incitement, (S, O, K,) being in this case prefixed [to كَ or the like]; not alone: (MF:) yon say, عِنْدَكَ زَيْدًا , meaning Take thou Zeyd. (S, O, K.) And in cautioning a person respecting a thing before him, one says, عِنْدَكَ , [meaning Keep thou where thou art; and it is still used in this sense;] in which case it is an intrans. verbal noun. (Sb, L, TA.)