عفر

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Form 1عَفَرَهُ4 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarعَفْرٌ عَفَرٌ

Core sense — he rubbed it with dust, he rolled him in the dustgenerated

1.1he rubbed it much with dust—عفّرهُ

he rubbed it with dust, said of a vessel.

Or: he defiled, or soiled, it with dust.

he rolled him, or it, over in the dust—فِى التُّرَابِ

maṣdar تَعْفِيرٌ; both the simple verb and the intensive one are used in this sense.

Or he hid him, or it, in the dust.

Does Mohammad defile his face with dust in the midst of you?—هَلْ يُعَفِّرُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَجْهَهُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ

Said in a tradition of Aboo-Jahl; he means Mohammad's prostrating himself in the dust.

I will certainly trample on his neck, or roll his face in the dust—لَأَطَأَنَّ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ أَوْ لَأُعَفِّرَنَّ وَجْهَهُ فِى التُّرَابِ

At the end of the same tradition he says this, meaning that he would abase him, or make him abject.

1.1.1he dragged his garment in the dust—اِعْتَفَرَ ثَوْبَهُ فِى االتُّرَابِ

Aboo-Nasr: he dragged him, being about to roll him in the dust.

1.1.2he cast him on the ground—عَفَرَهُ

اعتفرهُ has the same meaning.

the lion cast him on the ground—اعتفرهُ الأَسَدُ

he leaped on him, dragged him, and cast him on the ground—اعتفرهُ

Or: the lion seized him, broke his neck, cast him on the ground, and shook him about.

Explained by سَاوَرَهُ, for which شَاوره is wrongly put in some copies. [See also 2.]

1.2he, or it, was of the colour termed عُفْرَة, or of a colour like it—عَفِرَ

Show Lane's original text

, aor. عَفِرَ , (S, O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَفْرٌ , (S, O, Msb,) He rubbed it (namely a vessel) with dust: and عفّرهُ he rubbed it much with dust: (Msb:) or the latter, he defiled, or soiled, it with dust: (Mgh:) and the former, and ↓ latter, (S, O, K,) of which the inf. n. is تَعْفِيرٌ , (S, O,) he rolled, or turned over, him, or it, فِى التُّرَابِ in the dust: (S, O, K:) or he hid ( دَسَّ ) him, or it, therein. (K.) It is is said in a trad. of Aboo-Jahl, هَلْ يُعَفِّرُ مُحَمَّدٌ وَجْهَهُ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ [Doth, or shall, Mohammad defile his face with dust, or rub his face in the dust, in the midst of you?], meaning his prostrating himself in the dust: and at the end he says, لَأَطَأَنَّ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ أَوْ لَأُعَفِّرَنَّ وَجْهَهُ فِى التُّرَابِ [I will assuredly trample upon his neck, or I will defile, or roll, his face in the dust]; meaning that he would abase him, or render him abject. (TA.) He dragged him, being about to roll him in the dust: and you say اِعْتَفَرَ ثَوْبَهُ فِى االتُّرَابِ [He dragged his garment in the dust]. (Aboo-Nasr, L, TA.) And عَفَرَهُ , (K,) inf. n. عَفْرٌ , (TA,) He cast him upon the ground; as also اعتفرهُ . (K.) You say, اعتفرهُ الأَسَدُ The lion cast him upon the ground: (A:) or the lion seized him, and broke his neck, (S, O, TA,) and cast him upon the ground, and shook him about. (TA.) And اعتفرهُ He leaped, or sprang, upon him, or at him, ( سَاوَرَهُ , O, K, for which شَاوره is erroneously put in some copies of the K, TA,) and dragged him, and cast him upon the ground. (TA.) [See also 2.] عَفِرَ , aor. عَفَرَ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. عَفَرٌ , (Msb,) He, or it, was of the colour termed عُفْرَة : (Msb, K:) or of a colour resembling that. (Msb.)

Form 2عَفَّرَ4 senses · 2 main

maṣdarتَعْفِيرٌ

Core sense — he rubbed it with dust; he made him cleave to the dust; he made whitegenerated

2.1

See 1, in four places.

2.1.1he wrestled with his adversary and made him cleave to the dust—عفّر قِرْنَهُ

Also عافرهُ فَأَلْزَقَهُ بِالعَفَرِ, in the same sense.

2.2he mixed his black sheep or goats with others of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ—عفّر

Or: he took white sheep or goats in exchange for black, because the white have more increase.

2.2.1

He made, or rendered, white.

Show Lane's original text

see 1, in four places. عفّر قِرْنَهُ , and عافرهُ فَأَلْزَقَهُ بِالعَفَرِ , He wrestled with his adversary, and made him cleave to the dust. (A.) عفّر , inf. n. تَعْفِيرٌ , He mixed his black sheep or goats with others of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ : (O, K, TA:) or he took white sheep or goats in exchange for black; because the former have more increase. (S, O, TA.) And He made, or rendered, white. (S, O.)

Form 3عَاْفَرَ1 sense

Core sense — he wrestled with him and made him cleave to the dustgenerated

3.1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text

see the next preceding paragraph.

Form 5تَعَفَّرَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he became rolled in the dust; the wild animals became fatgenerated

5.1

See 7, in three places.

5.1.1figurative · مجازthe wild animals became fat—تعفّر الوَحْشُ

Show Lane's original text

see 7, in three places. تعفّر الوَحْشُ The wild animals became fat. (O, K, TA.)

Form 6تعافر1 sense

Core sense — it was made white, said of foodgenerated

6.1it was made white, said of this kind of food—ثَرِيد

[See أَعْفَرُ, latter half.]

Show Lane's original text

said of [food of the kind called] ثَرِيد , It was made white. (K. [See أَعْفَرُ , latter half.])

Form 7انعفر2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became rubbed with dust; he became rolled in the dustgenerated

7.1it became rubbed with dust, said of a vessel—اعتفر

it became much rubbed with dust—تعفّر

he, or it, became rolled, or turned over, in the dust—فِى التُّرَابِ

Or it became hidden in the dust.

on this sense Or these forms mean: it (a thing) became defiled with dust.

7.1.1I entered the water, and my feet did not reach the ground—دَخَلْتُ المَآءَ فَمَا ٱنْعَفَرَتْ قَدَمَاىَ

Show Lane's original text

and اعتفر It (a vessel) became rubbed with dust: and تعفّر it became much rubbed with dust: (Msb:) or the first and ↓ second, (S, O,) and ↓ the last also, (O,) it (a thing) became defiled with dust: (S, O:) or the first and ↓ last, he or it, became rolled, or turned over, فِى التُّرَابِ in the dust: or became hidden therein. (K.) And one says, دَخَلْتُ المَآءَ فَمَا ٱنْعَفَرَتْ قَدَمَاىَ I entered the water, and my feet did not reach the ground. (A, TA.)

Form 8إِعْتَفَرَ2 senses

Core sense — he rolled him in the dust; it became defiled with dustgenerated

8.1

See 1, in four places.

8.2

Derived nouns 32

Nounعَفْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — dust; the surface of the earthgenerated

See عَفَرٌ, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عَفَرٌ , in four places.

Nounعُفْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — of a whitish dust colourgenerated

See عِفْرٌ.

Also the plural of أَعْفَرُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ . Also pl. of أَعْفَرُ [q. v.]. (S, &c.)

Nounعِفْرٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a boar; wicked, malignant, crafty; a strong liongenerated

1a boar—عُفْرٌ

Or a swine, as a general term: or the young one of a sow.

2wicked, or malignant; crafty; abounding in evil; strong; insolent and rebellious—عِفْرٌ

Other forms of the same meaning: عَفِرٌ; عِفْرِيَةٌ, in which the ى makes the word quasi-coordinate to شِرْذِمَةٌ [I substitute this word for شِرْذِوَةٌ in the L, and شِرْذِذَةٌ in the TA,] and the ة gives intensiveness; عِفْرِيتٌ, in which the ت makes the word quasi-coordinate to قِنْدِيلٌ [or makes it a contraction of عِفْرِيَةٌ]; عَفْرِيتٌ, which occurs in one reading of the Qur'ān [27:39, and agrees with modern common pronunciation]; عِفْرَاتٌ; عُفَارِيَةٌ, in which the ى makes it quasi-coordinate to عُذَافِرَةٌ and the ة gives intensiveness; and عِفِرٌّ, عِفْرِىٌّ, عُفَرْنِيَةٌ, عِفْرِينٌ, عِفِرِّينٌ and عَفَرْنًى [about which last, see the end of this discussion].

said of a woman: wicked, or malignant—عِفْرَةٌ

Applied to a man, and to a jinnee, or genie (Qur'ān, same place); also: one who rolls his adversary in the dust.

The feminine adjective is also عِفْرِيتَةٌ and عِفِرَّةٌ.

anything that goes beyond the ordinary bounds—عِفْرِيتٌ

عُفَارِيَةٌ means the same.

sharp, vigorous, and effective in an affair—عِفْرِيتٌ

Also عِفْرِينٌ and عِفِرِّينٌ: said of a man, and, as used in the Qur'ān in the same place, of a jinnee — going beyond the ordinary bounds in an affair, with craftiness, or cunning, and wickedness, or malignity.

Or عِفْرِيتٌ properly applies to a jinnee, meaning evil in disposition, and wicked or malignant, and is applied figuratively to a man, as شَيْطَانٌ is; it is applied to an evil jinnee that is powerful, but lower than the one called مَارِدٌ. (Mir-át ez-Zemán)

عِفْرِيَةٌ also means the same as دَاهِيَةٌ [probably meaning very crafty or cunning, rather than a calamity].

عِفْرِيَةٌ and عِفْرِيتٌ are also used as adjectives of a شَيْطَان [or devil].

The plural of the first of those two adjectives is عَفَارِيَةٌ or عَفَارِىُّ; of عفريت, عَفَارِيتُ; of عِفِرٌّ, عِفِرُّونَ; and of عِفْرٌ, أَعْفَارٌ. See art. جشم.

such a one is wicked, or malignant—فُلَانٌ عِفْرِيتٌ نِفْرِيتٌ

One also says عِفْرِيَةٌ نِفْرِيَةٌ, the second word being an imitative sequent.

God hates the crafty, the wicked, the man abounding in evil—إِنَّ ٱللّٰهَ يَبْغُضُ العِفْرِيَةَ النِّفْرِيَةَ ٱلَّذِى لَا يُرْزَأُ فِى أَهْلٍ وَلَامَالٍ

This is said in a tradition. Or the meaning is: him who collects much and refuses to give; or him who acts very wrongfully, unjustly, or tyrannically; [who will not suffer loss in his family nor in his property.]

2.1a strong, powerful, great lion—أَسَدٌ عِفْرٌ

Also عِفْرِيَةٌ, عِفْرِيتٌ, عُفَارِيَةٌ, عِفِرٌّ, and عَفَرْنًى [in the CK عَفَرْتٰى, which is wrong in two respects].

the lion, so called because of his strength—العَفَرْنَى

a lioness, used like the masculine—لَبُؤَةٌ عَفَرْنًى

[Or it may here have the feminine ending ى, that is, without tenween.]

a strong lioness—عَفَرْنَاةٌ

Or the adjective, of either gender, means bold. It is from عَفَرٌ, meaning dust, or from عَفْرٌ in the sense of اِعْتِفَارٌ, or from the strength and hardiness of the animal.

a strong she-camel—نَاقَةٌ عَفَرْنَاةٌ

Plural عَفَرْنَيَاتٌ; but one does not say جَمَلٌ عَفَرْنًى. The alif [written in this case ى] and the ن in عَفَرْنًى make it quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ [which shows that it takes tenween].

Show Lane's original text

A boar; (S, O, K;) as also عُفْرٌ : or a swine, as a common term: or the young one of a sow. (K.) عِفْرٌ (S, A, O, K) and عَفِرٌ (Sgh in TA in art. نفر ) and عِفْرِيَةٌ , (A, O, K,) in which the ى is to render the word quasi-coordinate to شِرْذِمَةٌ , [I substitute this word for شِرْذِوَةٌ , in the L, and شِرْذِذَةٌ in the TA,] and the ة to give intensiveness, (L, TA,) and عِفْرِيتٌ , (A, O, K,) in which the ت is to render the word quasicoordinate to قِنْدِيلٌ , (TA,) [or to render it a contraction of عِفْرِيَةٌ ,] and عَفْرِيتٌ , which occurs in one reading of the Kur, [xxvii. 39, and is agreeable with modern vulgar pronunciation,] (O, CK,) and عِفْرَاتٌ , (CK,) and عُفَارِيَةٌ , (A, O, L, K,) in which the ى is to render the word quasi-coordinate to عُذَافِرَةٌ , and the ة is to give intensiveness, (TA,) and عِفِرٌّ , (O, K,) and عِفْرِىٌّ , (Sgh, K,) and عُفَرْنِيَةٌ , (Sgh, K,) and عِفْرِينٌ , and عِفِرِّينٌ , (Lh, TA,) and عَفَرْنًى , (Lth, TA,) [respecting which last, see the latter portion of this paragraph,] applied to a man, (S, O, K,) and to a jinnee, or genie, (Kur, ubi suprá,) Wicked, or malignant; (S, O, K;) crafty, or cunning; (S, O;) abominable, foul, or evil; (K;) abounding in evil; (TA;) strong, or powerful; (A;) insolent and audacious in pride and in acts of rebellion or disobedience; (A, TA;) who roils his adversary in the dust: (A:) and the epithet applied to a woman is عِفْرَةٌ , (S, O,) and عِفْرِيتَةٌ , (Lh, K,) and عِفِرَّةٌ : (Sh, O:) or عِفْرِيتٌ signifies anything that exceeds the ordinary bounds; and عُفَارِيَةٌ is syn. with it: (AO, S, O:) and عِفْرِيتٌ and عِفْرِينٌ and عِفِرِّينٌ (Zj, K) applied to a man, and as applied in the Kur, ubi suprá, [to a jinnee,] (Zj,) sharp, vigorous, and effective, in an affair, exceeding the ordinary bounds therein, with craftiness, or cunning, (Zj, O, K,) and wickedness, or malignity: (Zj:) or عِفْرِيتٌ is properly applied to a jinnee, and signifies evil in disposition, and wicked or malignant; and is metaphorically applied to a man, like as is شَيْطَانٌ : (B:) it is applied to an evil jinnee that is powerful, but inferior to such as is termed مَارِدٌ : (Mir-át ez-Zemán:) عِفْرِيَةٌ also signifies i. q. دَاهِيَةٌ [app. meaning very crafty or cunning, rather than a calamity]: (S, O:) عِفْرِيَةٌ and عِفْرِيتٌ are also applied as epithets to a شَيْطَان [or devil]: (Kh, S:) the pl. of the former of these two epithets is عَفَارِيَةٌ , (Kh, S, O,) or عَفَارِىُّ ; (Fr;) and that of عفريت is عَفَارِيتُ ; (Kh, Fr, S, O;) and that of عِفِرٌّ is عِفِرُّونَ ; (Sh;) and that of عِفْرٌ is أَعْفَارٌ . (TA in art. جشم .) You say, فُلَانٌ عِفْرِيتٌ نِفْرِيتٌ , and عِفْرِيَةٌ نِفْرِيَةٌ ; [Such a one is wicked, or malignant; &c.;] the latter of these two words being an imitative sequent. (AO, S, O.) And in a trad. it is said, إِنَّ ٱللّٰهَ يَبْغُضُ العِفْرِيَةَ النِّفْرِيَةَ ٱلَّذِى لَا يُرْزَأُ فِى أَهْلٍ وَلَامَالٍ (AO, S) [Verily God hates] the crafty or cunning, the wicked or malignant, the abounding in evil; or him who collects much and refuses to give; or him who acts very wrongfully or unjustly or tyrannically; [who will not suffer loss in his family nor in his property.] (TA.) أَسَدٌ عِفْرٌ , and عِفْرِيَةٌ , and عِفْرِيتٌ , and عُفَارِيَةٌ , (K,) and عِفِرٌّ , (TA,) and عَفَرْنًى , (K, [respecting which see what follows: in the CK عَفَرْتٰى , which is wrong in two respects:]) A strong, (K,) powerful, great, (TA,) lion: (K, TA:) or العَفَرْنَى the lion; so called because of his strength: (S, O:) and لَبُؤَةٌ عَفَرْنًى , (S, O, TA,) like the masc., (TA. [or it may be in this case with the fem. ى , i. e. without tenween,]) or عَفَرْنَاةٌ , (K, TA,) a strong lioness: (S, O, K:) or the epithet, of either gender, signifies bold: from عَفَرٌ signifying “ dust, ” or from عَفْرٌ in the sense of اِعْتِفَارٌ , or from the strength and hardiness of the animal: (TA:) and نَاقَةٌ عَفَرْنَاةٌ a strong she-camel; pl. عَفَرْنَيَاتٌ : (S, O:) but you do not say جَمَلٌ عَفَرْنًى ; (Az:) the alif [which is in this case written ى ] and ن in عَفَرْنًى are to render it quasi-coordinate to سَفَرْجَلٌ [which shows that it is with tenween]. (S.)

Nounعَفَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — dust; the surface of the earthgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreddust—عَفْرٌ

[Like عَفَارٌ, the dust of the earth. (Freytag, from Meyd)]

Or the outside of the dust or earth; and the surface of the earth; also عَفْرُ الأَرْضِ, plural أَعْفَارٌ.

there is not on the face of the earth the like of him, or of it—مَا عَلَى عَفْرِ الأَرْضِ مِثْلُهُ

language in which there is nothing hard to understand—كَلَامٌ لَا عَفَرَ فِيهِ

Or لَا عَفْرَ لَهُ. [Literally, language in which is no dust, or which has no dust, like the saying كَلَامٌ لَا غُبَارَ عَلَيْهِ, 'language on which is no dust'.]

may the dust, and destruction, and the evil of the dwelling be his lot—عَلَيْهِ العَفَارْ وَالدَّبَارْ وَسُوْءُ الدَّارْ

IAar mentions this saying without explaining it, so the rendering is only probable. [See دَبَرَ.]

Show Lane's original text

(IDrd, S, A, O, Msb, K) and عَفْرٌ (IDrd, A, O, K) Dust: (IDrd, S, O, Msb:) [like عَفَارٌ the dust of the earth: (Freytag, from Meyd:)] or the exterior of the dust or earth: (A, K:) and the surface of the earth; (Msb;) as also عَفْرُ الأَرْضِ : (TA:) pl. أَعْفَارٌ . (K.) You say مَا عَلَى عَفْرِ الأَرْضِ مِثْلُهُ There is not upon the face of the earth the like of him, or it. (O, TA.) And كَلَامٌ لَا عَفَرَ فِيهِ , (K,) or لَا عَفْرَ لَهُ , (TS, TA,) [lit., Language in which is no dust; or which has no dust; like the saying كَلَامٌ لَا غُبَارَ عَلَيْهِ “ language on which is no dust; ” meaning] language in which is nothing difficult to be understood. (K.) And IAar mentions, but without explaining it, the saying, عَلَيْهِ العَفَارْ وَالدَّبَارْ وَسُوْءُ الدَّارْ [app. meaning, May the dust, and perdition, and evil of the dwelling, be his lot. See دَبَرَ ]. (O, TA.)

Nounعَفِرٌ2 senses

Core sense — of a whitish dust colour, said of landgenerated

1land of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ—أَرْضٌ عَفِرَةٌ

[Ism fāʿil of عَفِرَ.]

See art. عثر.

See also عِفْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

[part. n. of عَفِرَ ]. أَرْضٌ عَفِرَةٌ Land of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ [q. v.]. (O and TA in art. عثر .) See also عِفْرٌ .

Nounعِفِرٌّ1 sense

Core sense — wicked, malignant, craftygenerated

This word, and its feminine formed with ة: see عِفْرٌ, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

, and the fem., with ة : see عِفْرٌ , in four places.

Nounعُفْرَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a whitish dust colour, whiteness that is not cleargenerated

A dust colour inclining to whiteness; a whitish dust colour: or whiteness that is not clear: or whiteness that is not very clear, like the colour of the surface of the earth: or whiteness with a tinge of redness over it.

The colour of an antelope such as is termed أَعْفَرُ.

1.1

See also عِفْرِيَةٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

A dust-colour inclining to whiteness; a whitish dust-colour: (TA:) or whiteness that is not clear: (Mgh, Msb:) or whiteness that is not very clear, (AZ, As,) like the colour of the surface of the earth: (AZ, As, Mgh:) or whiteness with a tinge of redness over it: (A:) the colour of an antelope such as is termed أَعْفَرُ . (K.) See also عِفْرِيَةٌ , in three places.

Nounعَفْرَى1 sense

Core sense — the hair of the back of the neckgenerated

Or عَفْرًى: see عِفْرِيَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

, or عَفْرًى : see عِفْرِيَةٌ .

Nounعِفْرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — wicked, malignant, craftygenerated

See عِفْرٌ, first quarter.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , first quarter.

Nounعِفْرَاةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the hair of the back of the neckgenerated

See عِفْرِيَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرِيَةٌ .

Nounعِفْرَاتٌ2 senses

Core sense — wicked, malignant; the hair of the back of the neckgenerated

See عِفْرٌ, first quarter.

And see the next entry, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , first quarter: and see the next paragraph, in three places.

Nounعِفْرِيَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — the hair, or feathers, of the back of the neckgenerated

See عِفْرٌ, in six places.

2the feathers round the neck of a cock, of a bustard, and the like—عِفْرَاةٌ

The hair, or the feathers, of the back of the neck of the lion, of the cock, and the like, which the animal turns back toward the top of its head when enraged; also عُفْرَةٌ and عِفْرَاتٌ.

Also عُفْرَةٌ; the bird named is حُبَارَى. See art. برل.

of a cock: the feathers of the neck—عِفْرِيَةٌ

Also عَفْرَى, or عَفْرًى [whether with or without tenween is not shown, but I think more probably without], and عُفْرَةٌ.

Of a man: the hair of the back of the neck; or the hair of the part over the forehead. Of a beast: the hair of the forelock; or the hair of the back of the neck.

And [of a man] the hairs that grow in the middle of the head, which stand up when he is frightened; also عِفْرَاتٌ and عُفَرْنِيَةٌ.

such a one came in a state of anger—جَآءَ فُلَانٌ نَافِشًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ

he came spreading his hair out of greed and craving—جَآءنَاشِرًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ

Also عِفْرَاتَهُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , in six places. The hair, and the feathers, of the back of the neck, of the lion, and of the cock, &c., which it turns back towards the top of its head when exasperated; as also عُفْرَةٌ (S, O) and عِفْرَاتٌ , (S,) or عِفْرَاةٌ : (O, TA:) and عُفْرَةٌ , the feathers around the neck of a cock and of a bustard ( حُبَارَى ) &c.: (S in art. برل :) or عِفْرِيَةٌ and عَفْرَى , or عَفْرًى , [whether without or with tenween is not shown, but I think it is more probably without,] of a cock, the feathers of the neck; (K;) as also عُفْرَةٌ : (TA:) and of man, the hair of the back of the neck: (K:) or the hair of the part over the forehead: (TA:) and of a beast, the hair of the fore-lock: (K:) or the hair of the back of the neck: (TA:) and [of a man,] the hairs that grow in the middle of the head, (K,) that stand up on an occasion of fright; (TA;) as also عِفْرَاتٌ and عُفَرْنِيَةٌ . (K.) You say جَآءَ فُلَانٌ نَافِشًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ , meaning Such a one came in a state of anger. (S, O.) And جَآءنَاشِرًا عِفْرِيَتَهُ , and عِفْرَاتَهُ , He came spreading his hair, by reason of covetousness, and inordinate desire. (ISd, TA.)

Nounعِفْرِيتٌ1 sense

Core sense — wicked, malignant, crafty; a powerful evil jinneegenerated

This word, عَفْرِيتٌ, and the feminine, عِفْرِيتَةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in ten places.

Qur’ānic occurrences عِفْرِيت

27:39

قَالَ عِفْرِيتٌ مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ أَنَا۠ ءَاتِيكَ بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَن تَقُومَ مِن مَّقَامِكَ ۖ وَإِنِّى عَلَيْهِ لَقَوِىٌّ أَمِينٌ

Said an 'Ifrit, of the Jinns: "I will bring it to thee before thou rise from thy council: indeed I have full strength for the purpose, and may be trusted."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

; and عَفْرِيتٌ : and the fem., عِفْرِيتَةٌ : see عِفْرٌ , in ten places.

Nounعِفْرِينٌ1 sense

Core sense — wicked, malignant; strong, powerfulgenerated

See عِفْرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , in two places.

Nounعِفِرِّينٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — the lion; a certain insect; a resolute, strong mangenerated

See عِفْرٌ, in two places.

2the lion—لَيْثُ عِفِرِّينَ

عِفِرِّينُ is the name of a place in which there are lions, or which abounds with lions: or the name of a country or town.

he is braver than the lion—إِنَّهُ لَأَشْجَعُ مِنْ لَيْثِ عِفِرِّينَ

This is a proverb.

A certain insect, whose retreat is the soft dust at the foot of walls; it rolls a ball and then hides itself inside it, and when it is disturbed it throws up dust.

The word [عفرّين] is of one of those forms not found by Sb.

Or a certain creeping animal, like the chameleon, that sets itself against the rider and strikes with its tail. [See also طُحَنٌ, and see Ham p. 131.]

3.1figurative · مجاز

Also a complete man; [that is, complete in bodily vigour, having reached the usual term of it;] fifty years old.

3.2figurative · مجاز

And resolute, or firm-minded; strong, or powerful.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , in two places. لَيْثُ عِفِرِّينَ The lion. (AA, K.) So in the prov., إِنَّهُ لَأَشْجَعُ مِنْ لَيْثِ عِفِرِّينَ [Verily he is more courageous than the lion]. (AA, TA.) عِفِرِّينُ is the name of a certain place in which are lions, or abounding with lions: (S, O, K:) or the name of a certain country or town. (As, AA, S, M.) A certain insert, whose retreat is the soft dust at the bases of walls; (O, K:) that rolls a ball, and then hides itself within it; and when it is roused, throws up dust: (O, TA:) the word [ عفرّين ] is of one of those forms not found by Sb: (TA:) or a certain creeping animal ( دَابَّة ), like the chameleon, that opposes itself to the rider [upon a camel or horse], and that strikes with its tail. (O, K.) [See also طُحَنٌ : and see Ham p. 131.] Also A complete man; [i. e., complete with respect to bodily vigour, having attained the usual term thereof;] (O, K, TA;) fifty years old. (O, TA.) And Resolute, or firm-minded; strong, or powerful. (S, O, K, TA.)

Nounعَفَرْنًى2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a strong, bold lion; a goblin, or demongenerated

This word and عَفَرْنَاةٌ: see عِفْرٌ, in three places.

1.1

The second of the two words above also means the [kind of goblin, or demon, called] غُولٌ.

Show Lane's original text

and عَفَرْنَاةٌ : see عِفْرٌ , in three places. The latter also signifies The [kind of goblin, or demon, called] غُولٌ . (O, K.)

Nounعُفَرْنِيَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — wicked, or malignant, said of a woman; the hair of the back of the neckgenerated

See عِفْرٌ, first quarter.

And see عِفْرِيَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ ; first quarter. and see عِفْرِيَةٌ .

Nounعَفَارٌ3 senses

Core sense — a certain tree from which fire is producedgenerated

See عَفَرٌ.

2in all trees is fire, but markh and ʿafār give more fire than all others—فِى كُلِّ شَجَرٍ نَارْ وَٱسْتَمْجَدَ المَرْخُ وَالعَفَارْ

Also a certain kind of tree, by means of which fire is produced; the زِنَاد [or pieces of wood, or sticks, used for that purpose] are made of its branches.

AHn was told by some of the desert Arabs of the Saráh that it resembles the tree called the غُبَيْرَآء in its smallness, so that when one sees it from a distance he does not doubt that it is that other tree; its blossom too is like that of that tree; and it is a tree that gives out much fire, so that the زناد made of it are excellent.

Plural of عَفَارَةٌ; or, more properly, [it is a collective noun, and] its ism waḥda is with ة.

It and the مَرْخ hold fire that is in no other kind of tree.

Az says: I have seen them both in the desert, and the Arabs make them the subject of a proverb about high nobility.

[See also مَرْخٌ and استمجد.]

make fire with markh or with ʿafār; then tighten, if you like, or loosen—اِقْدَحْ بِعَفَارٍ أَوْ مَرْخِ ثُمَّ ٱشْدُدْ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَوْ أَرْخِ

This is another proverb.

See also عَافُور.

Show Lane's original text

: see عَفَرٌ . Also A certain kind of tree, (S, O, K,) by means of which fire is produced; (S, O;) زِنَاد [or pieces of wood, or stick, used for that purpose,] being made of its branches: (K, * TA:) accord. to information given to AHn by certain of the desert-Arabs of the Saráh ( السَّرَاة ), it resembles the kind of tree called the غُبَيْرَآء , by reason of its smallness, so that when one sees it from afar he doubts not its being the latter kind of tree; its blossom, also, is like that of the latter tree; and it is a kind of tree that emits much fire, so that the زناد made of it are excellent: (TA:) pl. of عَفَارَةٌ ; (K;) or, more properly, [a coll. gen. n., and] its n. un. is with ة : (O, TA:) it and the مَرْخ contain fire that is not in any other kind of tree: Az says, I have seen them both in the desert, and the Arabs make them the subject of a prov., relating to high nobility: (TA:) they say فِى كُلِّ شَجَرٍ نَارْ وَٱسْتَمْجَدَ المَرْخُ وَالعَفَارْ (S, O, TA) In all trees is fire; but the markh and 'afár yield much fire, more than all other trees. (O, * TA.) [See also مَرْخٌ , and استمجد .] It is also said, in another prov., اِقْدَحْ بِعَفَارٍ أَوْ مَرْخِ ثُمَّ ٱشْدُدْ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَوْ أَرْخِ [Produce thou fire with markh or with 'afár: then tighten, if thou please, or loosen]. (TA.) See also عَافُور .

Nounعَفَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — wickedness, malignitygenerated

The quality, or disposition, of one who is termed عِفْرٌ, عِفْرِيَةٌ, عِفْرِيتٌ, and the like: that is, wickedness, or malignity.

Show Lane's original text

The quality, or disposition, of him who is termed عِفْرٌ and عِفْرِيَةٌ and عِفْرِيتٌ &c.; i. e., wickedness, or malignity, &c. (K, * TA.)

Nounعُفَارِيَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — wicked, malignant, craftygenerated

See عِفْرٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عِفْرٌ , in three places.

Nounعَافِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — defiled with dustgenerated

1one whose face is defiled with dust—العَافِرُ الوَجْهِ

Defiled with dust; also مُنْعَفِرٌ, مَعْفُورٌ and مُعَفَّرٌ.

he has his face defiled in the dust—هُوَ مُنْعَفِرُ الوَجْهِ فِى التُّرَابِ

Also مُعَفَّرُهُ.

Show Lane's original text

and مُنْعَفِرٌ and مَعْفُورٌ and مُعَفَّرٌ Defiled with dust: hence, العَافِرُ الوَجْهِ He whose face is defiled with dust: and هُوَ مُنْعَفِرُ الوَجْهِ فِى التُّرَابِ , and مُعَفَّرُهُ , He has the face defiled in the dust. (TA.)

Nounوَقَعُوا فِى عَافُورِ شَرٍّ1 sense

Core sense — they fell into difficulty, or distressgenerated

1they fell into difficulty, or distress—فِى عَفَارِ شَرٍّ

This is the same as فِى عَاثُورِ شَرٍّ.

Some say that the ف is put in place of ث. [But see عاثور.]

Show Lane's original text

, (S, K,) and فِى عَفَارِ شَرٍّ , (TA,) i. q. فِى عَاثُورِ شَرٍّ , (Fr, S, K,) i. e., They fell into difficulty, or distress. (S.) Some say that the ف is substituted for ث . (TA.) [But see عاثور .]

Nounأَعْفَرُ9 senses · 1 main

Core sense — of a whitish dust colour; white, but not of a clear huegenerated

Dust-coloured inclining to white; of a whitish dust colour: or white, but not of a clear hue.

Said of a buck antelope: white, but not of a very clear white, being like the colour of the surface of the earth: or having a tinge of red over his whiteness, with a short neck, and such is the weakest of antelopes in running: or having a redness in his back, with white flanks. [In the CK, after the words thus rendered, the words أَوِ الأَبْيَضُ وَ are left out.] Or such as lives in high, rugged, stony tracts and hard ground, and such is red: or having white horns.

Feminine عَفْرَآءُ, also applied to a she-goat, meaning of a clear white colour. Plural عُفْرٌ.

1.1

El-Kumeyt says: [And we used, when an insolent tyrant of a people wanted to carry out a plot against us, to carry him on the horn of an antelope of a whitish dust colour, or white but not of a clear hue]

shāhid

وَكُنَّا إِذَا جَبَّارُ قَوْمٍ أَرَادَنَابِكَيْدٍ حَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَا

He means: we used to kill him and carry his head on the spear-head; for spear-heads, in former times, were made of horn.

1.2figurative · مجازhe sent a calamity upon me; or he set a very crafty man on me—رَمَانِى عَنْ قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ

The same as رمانى بِدَاهِيَةٍ.

a difficulty, or distress, that comes upon one—قَرْنُ أَعْفَرَ

Used proverbially, for the same reason.

you were pierced by grief—كُنْتَ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ

Said to a man who has passed the night in distress that keeps him uneasy.

he is as though he were on the horn of a whitish dust-coloured antelope—كَأَنَّهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ

That is, on the head of a spear; said of one who is frightened and uneasy. Imra-el-Keys uses a phrase like this.

1.3a ewe of a colour inclining to whiteness—عَفْرَآءُ

1.4red sand—أَعْفَرُ

1.5

[Food of the kind called] ثَرِيد made white: from عُفْرَةٌ, meaning the colour of the earth.

1.6white—عَفْرَآءُ

1.7untrodden land—أَرْضٌ عَفْرَآءُ

1.8the thirteenth night [of the lunar month]—العَفْرَآءُ

Or the night of blackness.

According to IAar, اللَّيَالِى العُفْرُ means the white nights, and Th says the same, without specifying. Or the nights so called are the seventh, eighth and ninth nights of the lunar month, because of the whiteness of the moon in them.

the moon-lit nights are not like the black nights—لَيْسَ عُفْرُ اللَّيَالِى كَٱلدَّآدِئِ

This is said in a tradition; some say it is a proverb.

Show Lane's original text

Dust-coloured inclining to white; of a whitish dust-colour: (TA:) or white, but not of a clear hue: (Msb:) or, applied to a buckantelope, white, but not of a very clear white, (AZ, As, S, O, K,) being like the colour of the surface of the earth: (AZ, As, Mgh:) or a buck-antelope having a tinge of red over his whiteness, (AA, S, A, K,) with a short neck; and such is the weakest of antelopes in running: (AA, S, O:) or having a redness in his back, with white flanks: (K:) [in the CK, after the words thus rendered, is an omission, of the words أَوِ الأَبْيَضُ وَ :] or such as inhabits elevated, rugged, stony tracts, and hard grounds; and such is red: (AZ:) or having white horns: (A:) fem. عَفْرَآءُ : (S, K, &c.:) also applied to a she-goat, meaning of a clear white colour: (TA:) pl. عُفْرٌ . (S, A, O.) El-Kumeyt says, 1 [And we used, when an insolent tyrant of a people desired to execute against us a plot, to carry him upon the horn of an antelope of a whitish dustcolour, or white but not of a clear hue, &c.]; meaning, we used to slay him, and to carry his head upon the spear-head; for the spear-heads, in time past, were of horns. (S, O.) وَكُنَّا إِذَا جَبَّارُ قَوْمٍ أَرَادَنَا | بِكَيْدٍ حَمَلْنَاهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَا Hence the saying رَمَانِى عَنْ قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ i. q. رمانى بِدَاهِيَةٍ [He sent upon me a calamity; or he made a very crafty man to be my assailant]: for the same reason, also, قَرْنُ أَعْفَرَ is proverbially used to signify A difficulty, or distress, that befalls one: and one says to a man who has passed the night in disquieting distress, كُنْتَ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ [Thou wast pierced by grief]. (TA.) One says also, of him who is frightened and disquieted, كَأَنَّهُ عَلَى قَرْنِ أَعْفَرَ [He is as though he were upon the horn of an antelope of a whitish dustcolour, &c.: meaning, upon the head of a spear]: the like of this phrase is used by Imra-el-Keys. (A.) Also عَفْرَآءُ , A ewe of a colour inclining to whiteness. (O.) And أَعْفَرُ , Red sand. (S, O.) [Food of the kind called] ثَرِيد made white: (K, TA:) from عُفْرَةٌ signifying the “ colour of the earth. ” (TA.) عَفْرَآءُ White. (K.) أَرْضٌ عَفْرَآءُ Untrodden land. (K, TA.) العَفْرَآءُ The thirteenth night [of the lunar month]: (S, O:) or the night of blackness: (A:) but accord. to IAar, اللَّيَالِى العُفْرُ signifies the white nights; (A;) and so says Th, without particularizing: (TA:) or the nights thus called are the seventh and eighth and ninth nights of the lunar month; (K;) because of the whiteness of the moon [therein]. (TA.) It is said in a trad. لَيْسَ عُفْرُ اللَّيَالِى كَٱلدَّآدِئِ The moon-lit nights are not like the black nights: some say that this is a proverb. (TA.)

Nounمُعَفَّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — defiled with dustgenerated

See عَافِرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عَافِرٌ , in two places.

Nounمُعَفِّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one whose sheep or goats are of a whitish dust colourgenerated

One whose sheep or goats are of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ.

There is no tribe among the Arabs to whom this name applies except Hudheyl.

[By analogy this should rather be written مُعْفِرٌ, and perhaps it is so in correct copies of the A.]

Show Lane's original text

One whose sheep or goats are of the colour termed عُفْرَةٌ : there is no tribe among the Arabs to whom this appellation applies, except Hudheyl. (A, TA.) [Accord. to analogy, this should rather be written مُعْفِرٌ ; and perhaps it is thus in correct copies of the A.]

Nounمَعْفُورٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — defiled with dust; land whose herbage has been eatengenerated

See عَافِرٌ.

1.1land whose herbage has been eaten—أَرْضٌ مَعْفُورَةٌ

Show Lane's original text

: see عَافِرٌ . أَرْضٌ مَعْفُورَةٌ Land of which the herbage has been eaten. (S, O.)

Nounمَعَافِرُ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of garment of El-Yemengenerated

See مَعَافِرِىٌّ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

: see مَعَافِرِىٌّ , in three places.

Nounمُعَافِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who travels with companies and gets some of what they have to sparegenerated

1figurative · مجاز

One who walks with companies of travellers — the L has مُعَافِرِىٌّ as well — and obtains some of what they have over and above their need [of provisions].

Show Lane's original text

One who walks with companies of travellers, (S, O, K, TA,) and so, accord. to the L, مُعَافِرِىٌّ , (TA,) and obtains of their superabundance [of provisions]. (S, O, TA.)

Nounثَوْبٌ مَعَافِرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of garment, or piece of cloth, of El-Yemengenerated

Plural ثِيَابٌ مَعَافِرِيَّةٌ and بُرْدٌ مَعَافِرِىٌّ; and hence مَعَافِرُ alone is used as a noun, without the relative ى.

As: a kind of garment, or piece of cloth, and a garment of the kind called بُرْد.

So called in relation to مَعَافِرُ, a word imperfectly declinable because it has the form of an imperfectly declinable plural — the name of a tribe of Hemdán; or the name of a son of Murr, brother of Temeem the son of Murr, and father of the tribe just mentioned, which was a tribe of El-Yemen; or, as Z says, the name of a place, or a town or district, of El-Yemen in which Maʿáfir Ibn-Udd settled.

معافرىّ is perfectly declinable because the relative ى is added to it; and it is formed in this way because مَعَافِرُ is singular in its application, whereas in a relative noun from a plural used as a plural the formation is from the singular, as مَسْجِدِىٌّ from مَسَاجِدُ.

معافر should not be pronounced with damm on the م, and it is wrong to call the garment mentioned above مُعَافِرِىٌّ with damm, or مَعَافِرِىُّ without tenween, or مَعَافِيرُ.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) pl. ثِيَابٌ مَعَافِرِيَّةٌ , (S, O, K,) and بُرْدٌ مَعَافِرِىٌّ , (Az,) and hence, simply, مَعَافِرُ , (Az, Mgh,) as a subst., (Az,) without the relative ى , (Az, Mgh,) accord. to As, (Mgh,) A kind of garment, or piece of cloth, (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and a garment of the kind called بُرْد , (Az,) so called in relation to مَعَافِرُ , (S, O, K, &c.,) a word imperf. decl., (S, O, K,) because of its being of the form of an imperf. decl. pl., (S, O,) as the name of a tribe of Hemdán; (S, O;) or as being the name of a son of Murr, (Sb, Mgh, Msb,) brother of Temeem the son of Murr, (Sb, Mgh,) and father of the tribe above mentioned, (Msb, K,) which was a tribe of El-Yemen; (Msb;) or as being the name of a place, (IDrd, O,) or a town, or district, (K, TA,) of El-Yemen, (IDrd, O, TA,) in which Ma'áfir Ibn-Udd took up his abode, accord. to Z: (TA;) معافرىّ is perfectly decl. because the relative ى is added to it: (S:) and it is thus formed because مَعَافِرُ is sing. in its application; whereas, in a rel. n. from a pl. used as a pl., the formation is from the sing., as in the instance of مَسْجِدِىٌّ as a rel. n. from مَسَاجِدُ : (TA:) معافر should not be pronounced with damm to the م : (Msb, K:) and it is wrong to call the kind of garment above mentioned مُعَافِرِىٌّ , with damm, and مَعَافِرِىُّ , without tenween, and مَعَافِيرُ . (Mgh.)

Nounمُعَافِرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of garment of El-Yemengenerated

See مُعَافِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see مُعَافِرٌ .

Nounمُنْعَفِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — defiled with dustgenerated

See عَافِرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see عَافِرٌ , in two places.

Nounيَعْفُورٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the dust-coloured gazelle; a light, active ass; a division of the nightgenerated

The dust-coloured gazelle: or the gazelle, as a general term; also يُعْفُورٌ.

And the [young gazelle such as is called] خِشْف: or the buck gazelle: and the young one of the wild cow.

Ism waḥda with ة; plural يَعَافِيرُ.

1.1

Also a light, or an active, ass.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

It is also said to mean the shape of a man, seen from a distance, looking like a يَعْفُور [in one of the senses explained above].

And one of the divisions of the night, which are five, called سُدْفَةٌ, سُتْفَةٌ, هَجْمَةٌ, يَعْفُورٌ and خُدْرَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text

The dust-coloured gazelle: (K:) or the gazelle, as a general term: (K, * TA:) as also يُعْفُورٌ : (K:) and the [young gazelle such as is called] خِشْف : (S, O, K:) or the buck-gazelle: (S, Mgh, O:) and (S, IAth, O, in the Mgh “ or ”) the young one of the wild cow: (S, IAth, Mgh, O:) n. un. with ة : (TA:) pl. يَعَافِيرُ . (S, O.) Also A light, or an active, ass. (IAar.) And it is said to mean The form of a man, seen from a distance, resembling a يَعْفُور [in one of the senses expl. above]. (L, TA.) And One of the divisions of the night, (K, TA,) which are five, called سُدْفَةٌ and سُتْفَةٌ and هَجْمَةٌ and يَعْفُورٌ and خُدْرَةٌ . (TA.)