Core sense — the upper arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade; an aider; a sidegenerated
1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe upper arm, or upper half of the arm, from the elbow to the shoulder-blade, of a human being—سَاعِدٌ
This is the most common form of the word; عَضِدٌ is of the dialect of Asad, عُضُدٌ of the dialect of Tihámeh or of El-Hijáz, عَضَدٌ and عَضْدٌ of the dialects of Temeem and Bekr, and there are also عُضْدٌ and عِضْدٌ, the last three being said to be contractions of the first or second, or variants of them formed to match other words coming before them.
All are masculine and feminine; or feminine only; or masculine in the dialect of Tihámeh; or feminine in the dialect of Tihámeh and masculine in the dialect of Temeem.
[And in a beast, the arm; (see أَبَضَهُ etc.) in this case like ذِرَاعٌ.]
Plural أَعْضُدٌ and أَعْضَادٌ, or only the latter, which is used in a poem of Sá'ideh Ibn-Ju-eiyeh as meaning the legs of bees.
مَلَأَ مِنْ شَحْمٍ عَضُدِى, in the story of Umm-Zara, means: he filled with fat not only my عَضُد but my whole body; for when the عَضُد becomes fat, the whole body becomes so.
1.1figurative · مجازan aider, or assistant—عَضُدٌ
[In the CK العَضْدُ is erroneously put for العَضُدُ.]
So too, apparently, any of the variants mentioned above, and عَاضِدٌ and عِضَادَةٌ.
It is also used for its plural أَعْضَادٌ, as in the Kur 18:49, where the singular form is said to be employed to agree with the other verses before and after, so that they may all end with singulars; but one also says هُمْ عَضُدِى and أَعْضَادِى [They are my aiders, or assistants].
such a one is my support, or stay—فُلَانٌ عَضُدِى
he broke some of the purposes of his aiders and dispersed them from him—فَتَّ فِى عَضُدِهِ
Or (of the people of his house); or he sought to injure him by diminishing, in number or power, the people of his house. In the same way, فَتَّ فِى أَعْضَادِهِ.
he broke my strength and dispersed my aiders—فَتَّ فِى عَضُدِى وَهَدَّ رُكْنِى
For عَضُدٌ also means strength, because that part of a man is a means of strength to him.
we will aid you by your brother—سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ
In the Kur 28:35; so according to Zj.
Qur’ān 18:51 approximate — somewhere between 18:50 and 18:65 Lane cites “Kur xviii. 49”
Qur’ān 18:51 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
مَّآ أَشْهَدتُّهُمْ خَلْقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا خَلْقَ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَمَا كُنتُ مُتَّخِذَ ٱلْمُضِلِّينَ عَضُدًاI called them not to witness the creation of the heavens and the earth, nor (even) their own creation: nor is it for helpers such as Me to take as lead (men) astray!Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)
1.2figurative · مجازthe tract, or part, surrounding the camels, or other riding-beasts—عَضُدُ الرَّكَائِبِ
Also the side of the armpit; and so عَضَدٌ.
And a side of a road (in the TA written عَضْدٌ); also عِضَادَةٌ.
And the side, or quarter, from which the wind blows.
And a side; a lateral, outward, or adjacent part or portion; a quarter, region, or tract — of a house, or of anything: plural أَعْضَادٌ.
keep to the tracts adjacent to the camels—اِمْلِكْ أَعْضَادَ الإِبِلِ
That is: direct the course of the camels aright, so that they do not wander away to the right and left.
1.3figurative · مجاز
This word, and عَضَدٌ and أَعْضَادٌ (which last is a plural of the two preceding words, as is also عُضُودٌ): a raised enclosing border, or such borders, of built work and the like — of a watering-trough or tank, of a road, or of anything.
Such as the أَعْضَاد of a watering-trough or tank, which are stones, or broad and thin stones, set up around the brink; also called عَضُدٌ, extending from the place where the water flows in to the hinder part.
Or عَضُدٌ means the two sides of a watering-trough or tank; or its side; and its أَعْضَاد are its sides.
And the أَعْضَاد of a portion of sown land that is separated from the parts next to it by ridges of earth, for irrigation, are its raised borders that confine the water; أَعْضَادُ المَزَارِعِ means the [raised] boundaries between the portions of sown land. En-Nadr.
1.4figurative · مجاز — inferreda row of palm-trees—عَضُدٌ
In the CK عَضْد. Synonymous in this sense with عَضِيدٌ, or عَضِيدَةٌ.
Hr mentions the first of these words as occurring in a tradition and explains it so; but others say it is عَضِيدٌ, which according to As means a palm-tree with a trunk low enough for one to reach the fruit or branches from it; plural عِضْدَانٌ. He adds that when it grows beyond the reach of the hand it is called جَبَّارَةٌ.
1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredthe two parts of the sandal that lie upon the foot—عَضُدَا النَّعْلِ
Also عِضَادَتَاهَا. [And عَضُدَا شِرَاكِ النَّعْلِ means the two branches of the شِرَاك of the sandal, described under أُذُنٌ.]
1.6figurative · مجاز — inferredthe two pieces of wood attached to the fore part of the camel's saddle—عَضُدَا الرَّحْلِ
Or attached to the lower portions of its fore part.
Or, according to AZ, the upper portions of the ظَلِفَتَانِ [a mistake for the حِنْوَانِ] of the camel's saddle, next to the pieces of wood called the عَرَاقِى, the ظَلِفَتَانِ being below them, which are the lower parts of the حِنْوَانِ of the وَاسِط and of the مُؤَخَّرَة.
[See ظَلِفَةٌ. In a similar way the term عَضُدَانِ is used of a horse's saddle: see قَرَبُوسٌ.]
Qur’ānic occurrences عَضُد
18:51
مَّآ أَشْهَدتُّهُمْ خَلْقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَا خَلْقَ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَمَا كُنتُ مُتَّخِذَ ٱلْمُضِلِّينَ عَضُدًاI called them not to witness the creation of the heavens and the earth, nor (even) their own creation: nor is it for helpers such as Me to take as lead (men) astray!
28:35
قَالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَنَجْعَلُ لَكُمَا سُلْطَـٰنًا فَلَا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُمَا ۚ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَآ أَنتُمَا وَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَكُمَا ٱلْغَـٰلِبُونَHe said: "We will certainly strengthen thy arm through thy brother, and invest you both with authority, so they shall not be able to touch you: with Our Sign shall ye triumph,- you two as well as those who follow you."
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
, (S, O, Msb, K,) which is the most common form of the word, (TA,) and عَضِدٌ , (S, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of Asad, (O, Msb,) and عُضُدٌ , (AZ, O, Msb, K,) of the dial. of Tihámeh, (AZ, TA,) or of El-Hijáz, (Msb,) and عَضَدٌ , (Th, TA,) and عَضْدٌ , (S, O, Msb, K,) of the dials. of Temeem and Bekr, (O, Msb,) and عُضْدٌ , (S, O, Msb, K,) and عِضْدٌ , (K,) the last three of which are said to be contractions of the first or second, or variants thereof formed to assimilate them to other words preceding them; (TA;) all masc. and fem.; (L;) or fem. only; (Lh, TA;) or masc. in the dial. of Tihámeh; (AZ, L;) or fem. in the dial. of Tihámeh, and masc. in the dial. of Temeem; (AZ, Msb;) i. q. سَاعِدٌ , (S, L,) i. e. [The upper arm, or upper half of the arm,] from the elbow to the shoulder-blade, (S,) or the part between the elbow and the shoulderblade, (L, O, Msb, K,) of a human being: (L:) [and in a beast, the arm; (see أَبَضَهُ &c.;) in this case like ذِرَاعٌ :] pl. أَعْضُدٌ and أَعْضَادٌ , (Msb,) or only the latter, (L,) which is used in a poem of Sá'ideh Ibn-Ju-eiyeh as meaning the legs of bees. (TA.) مَلَأَ مِنْ شَحْمٍ عَضُدِى , in the story of Umm-Zara, means He filled with fat, not peculiarly my عَضُد , but my whole body; for when the عَضُد becomes fat, the whole body becomes so. (O, L.) [Hence,] عَضُدٌ [in the CK العَضْدُ is erroneously put for العَضُدُ ] signifies also An aider, or assistant; (L, K, TA;) and so [app. any of its variants mentioned above, and] عَاضِدٌ (TA) and عِضَادَةٌ . (L, TA.) And it is also used for [its pl.] أَعْضَادٌ ; as in the Kur xviii. 49, in which the sing. form is said to be employed for the sake of agreement with the other verses [preceding and following], that they may all end with singulars: (TA:) but one also says, هُمْ عَضُدِى and أَعْضَادِى [They are my aiders, or assistants]. (O, K, TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ عَضُدِى , meaning Such a one is my support, or stay. (Msb.) And فَتَّ فِى عَضُدِهِ He broke some of the intentions, purposes, or designs, of his aiders, or assistants, (or of the people of his house, TA,) and separated, or dispersed, them from him: (O, K:) or he sought to injure him by diminishing, or impairing, [in number or power,] the people of his house; (T and O in art. فت ;) and in like manner, فَتَّ فِى أَعْضَادِهِ . (TA in the present art.) And فَتَّ فِى عَضُدِى وَهَدَّ رُكْنِى He broke my strength, and dispersed, or separated, my aiders, or assistants: (TA in art. فت :) [for] عَضُدٌ signifies also Strength, because the part so called, of a man, is a mean of strength to him. (L.) سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ , in the Kur [xxviii. 35], means, accord. to Zj, We will aid thee, or assist thee, by thy brother. (L.) Also The side of the armpit; and so عَضَدٌ . (L.) And A side of a road; (O, L; [in this sense written in the TA عَضْدٌ ;]) as also عِضَادَةٌ . (L.) The side, or quarter, from which the wind blows. (L.) A side; or a lateral, or an outward, or adjacent, part, or portion; a quarter region, or tract; (O, L, K;) of a house, and of anything: pl. أَعْضَادٌ . (L.) [Hence,] عَضُدُ الرَّكَائِبِ The tract, or part, surrounding the camels, or other beasts, used for riding. (L.) One says, اِمْلِكْ أَعْضَادَ الإِبِلِ [lit. Have thou possession of the tracts adjacent to the camels], meaning direct thou aright the course of the camels, so that they may not wander away to the right and left. (A.) Also, and عَضَدٌ , (L,) and أَعْضَادٌ , (S, L, K,) which last is a pl. of the two preceding words, as is also عُضُودٌ , (L,) A raised enclosing border, or such borders, of built work, (S, O, L, K,) &c., (S, L,) of a watering-trough or tank, and of a road, &c., (K,) or of anything, (S, O,) such as the أَعْضَاد of a watering-trough or tank, which are stones, (S,) or broad and thin stones, (L,) set up around the brink; (S, L;) also called عَضُدٌ ; extending from the place whence the water flows into it, to its hinder part: (L:) or عَضُدٌ signifies the two sides of a watering-trough or tank: (IAar, L:) or its side: (O, TA:) and its أَعْضَاد are its sides: and the أَعْضَاد of a portion of sown land that is separated from the parts adjacent to it by ridges of earth, for irrigation, are its raised borders that confine the water; (A;) أَعْضَادُ المَزَارِعِ signifying the [raised] boundaries between the portions of sown land. (En-Nadr, L.) عَضُدٌ (O, K, in the CK عَضْد ,) is also syn. with عَضِيدٌ , (K,) or عَضِيدَةٌ , (O,) as signifying A row of palm-trees: (O, K:) the first of these words is mentioned by Hr as occurring in a trad., and is thus expl.: but others say that it is عَضِيدٌ , (TA,) which, accord. to As, signifies a palm-tree having such a [low] trunk that one can reach from it [the fruit or branches]; (S, TA;) and the pl. is عِضْدَانٌ : (S, K:) he adds that when it exceeds the reach of the hand it is called جَبَّارَةٌ . (S, TA.) عَضُدَا النَّعْلِ and عِضَادَتَاهَا [and عَضُدَا شِرَاكِ النَّعْلِ signifies The two branches of the شِرَاك of the sandal, described voce أُذُنٌ , q. v.;] the two appertenances, of the sandal, that lie upon the foot. (L.) عَضُدَا الرَّحْلِ The two pieces of wood that are attached to the fore part of the camel's saddle, (L,) or to the lower portions of its fore part (the وَاسِط ): (Lth, O, L:) or, accord. to AZ, the upper portions of the ظَلِفَتَانِ [a mistake for the حِنْوَانِ ] of the camel's saddle, next [the pieces of wood called] the عَرَاقِى ; below them being the ظَلِفَتَانِ , which are the lower parts of the حِنْوَانِ of the وَاسِط and of the مُؤَخَّرَة . (O, L. [See ظَلِفَةٌ . In a similar manner, also, the term عَضُدَانِ is used in relation to a horse's saddle: see قَرَبُوسٌ .]) See also عَضَادٌ .