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عصر

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Form 1عَصَرَهُ14 senses · 6 main
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarعَصْرٌ

Core sense — he pressed out its juice; he withheld it; he gave to himgenerated

1.1he did the pressing himself—عَصَرَهُ

maṣdars عَصْرٌ and اعتصرهُ. He pressed it, or squeezed it, so as to force out its juice, syrup, honey, oil, water, or moisture; he got out by effort — by pressure or wringing — the water, juice, or the like that was in it, as in grapes and other things containing oil, syrup, or honey.

So also عصّرهُ, maṣdar تَعْصِيرٌ; or it means he superintended the pressing of the grapes.

he had it done for him—اعتصرهُ

Or it means he did it for another, or for others, as is implied by an explanation of مُعْتَصِرٌ.

he prepared expressed juice or the like—اعتصر عَصِيرًا

See also form 8 below.

عُصْرَ is used as a contraction of عُصِرَ.

1.1.1he wrung out the water of the garment, or piece of cloth—عَصَرَ الثَّوْبَ

The maṣdar is as given above. He forced out its water by wringing it.

1.1.2he squeezed, or pressed, the pustule so that its thick pus came out—عَصَرَ الدُّمَّلَ لِتَخْرُجَ مِدَّتُهُ
1.1.3he squeezed his throat—عَصَرَ حَلْقَهُ

So in the article on خنق.

1.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferredhe took, or collected, the produce of the earth—عَصَرَ

. From the same verb in the first of the senses explained above.

and in it they shall take, or collect, the produce of the earth—وَفَيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ

So Abu-l-Ghowth, on the Qur'ān 12:49. Or the meaning is: and in it they shall press grapes, or olives, or the like; or: they shall milk the udders. There are other explanations, given below.

1.2they were rained upon, they had rain—عُصِرُوا

Also أُعْصِرُوا. Synonym مُطِرُوا, or أُمْطِرُوا, which is less correct.

and in it they shall have rain—وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ

So according to one reading of the Qur'ān in the same place. See also above, and below.

1.3he saved him, he preserved him—عَصَرَهُ
and in it they shall be saved, or preserved—وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ

So according to one reading of the Qur'ān in the same place.

1.3.1and in it they shall aid, or help, one another—وَفِيهِ يُعْصِرُونَ

Another reading, perhaps also from this sense.

1.3.2

See also form 8, near the end, in two places.

1.4it, or he, withheld, hindered, or prevented, him—عَصَرَهُ

.

what withheld, hindered, or prevented you?—مَا عَصَرَكَ

on this sense And: he refused, and withheld, it, said of anything. Form 8 has the same meaning.

1.4.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe gave to him—عَصَرَهُ

. So the verb has two opposite meanings.

Ṭarafeh says: [If there were, or would that there were, among our kings one] giving to us the like of what you give:

shāhid 1
لَوْ كَانَ فِى أَمْلَاكِنَا أَحَدٌيَعْصِرُ فِينَا كَٱلَّذِى تَعْصِرُ

One copy has مَلِكٌ in the place of أَحَدٌ.

Another reading is مِثْلَ مَا تَعْصِرُ, explained as meaning: doing us benefits like the ones you do.

But Aboo-Saʿeed relates it as:

shāhid 2
يُعْصَرُ فِينَا كٱلَّذِى تُعْصَرُ

that is, يُصَابُ مِنْهُ [apparently from عَصَرَ, said of pressing grapes and the like, and so meaning: from whom is got, among us, the like of what is got from you; or, less literally, who has his bounty drawn out from him as you have yours drawn out]; and he rejected the reading يَعْصِرُ and تَعْصِرُ.

See also form 8, first quarter.

1.5

See form 4, second sentence.

1.5.1

And see the last two sentences of form 4.

1.6

And see the paragraph that follows here.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
12:36
وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ ٱلسِّجْنَ فَتَيَانِ ۖ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَآ إِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰنِىٓ أَعْصِرُ خَمْرًا ۖ وَقَالَ ٱلْـَٔاخَرُ إِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰنِىٓ أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِى خُبْزًا تَأْكُلُ ٱلطَّيْرُ مِنْهُ ۖ نَبِّئْنَا بِتَأْوِيلِهِۦٓ ۖ إِنَّا نَرَىٰكَ مِنَ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

Now with him there came into the prison two young men. Said one of them: "I see myself (in a dream) pressing wine." said the other: "I see myself (in a dream) carrying bread on my head, and birds are eating, thereof." "Tell us" (they said) "The truth and meaning thereof: for we see thou art one that doth good (to all)."

12:49
ثُمَّ يَأْتِى مِنۢ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَامٌ فِيهِ يُغَاثُ ٱلنَّاسُ وَفِيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ

"Then will come after that (period) a year in which the people will have abundant water, and in which they will press (wine and oil)."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K,) aor. عَصِرَ , (O, Msb, K,) inf. n. عَصْرٌ ; (S, Msb;) and اعتصرهُ ; (S, O, Msb, K;) [He pressed it, or squeezed it, so as to force out, i. e. he expressed, its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture;] he extracted, or fetched out by labour or art [i. e. by pressure or wringing], (Msb, K,) its water, or juice, or the like, (Msb,) or what was in it, (K,) namely, what was in grapes, (S, Msb, K,) and the like, (Msb, K,) of things having oil, or sirup, or honey: (TA:) or عَصَرَهُ signifies he performed that act himself; (K;) as also عصّرهُ , inf. n. تَعْصِيرٌ : (Sgh, TA:) or the latter, he superintended the pressing thereof, i. e., of grapes: (O:) and اعتصرهُ , he had it done for him: (K:) or this last, he did it for another, or others: (Mgh, as implied by an explanation of مُعْتَصِرٌ :) and اعتصر عَصِيرًا he prepared expressed juice or the like. (S, O.) [See also 8 below.] عُصْرَ is used as a contraction of عُصِرَ . (S, O.) [Hence,] عَصَرَ الثَّوْبَ , inf. n. as above, He wrung out the water of the garment, or piece of cloth; he forced out its water by wringing it. (Msb.) And عَصَرَ الدُّمَّلَ لِتَخْرُجَ مِدَّتُهُ [He squeezed, or pressed, the pustule in order that its thick purulent matter might come forth]. (Msb.) And عَصَرَ حَلْقَهُ [He squeezed his throat]. (Mgh and Msb in art. خنق .) And عَصَرَ , aor. عَصِرَ , He took, or collected, the produce of the earth: from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. above: and hence, accord. to Abu-l-Ghowth, in the Kur [xii. 49], وَفَيهِ يَعْصِرُونَ And in it they shall take, or collect, the produce of the earth: (S:) or the meaning is, and in it they shall press grapes, or olives, or the like: or they shall milk the udders. (Bd.) [And there are other explanations, which see below.] عُصِرُوا , (S, IKtt, O,) or أُعْصِرُوا , (O, K,) They were rained upon; they had rain; syn. مُطِرُوا , (S, O,) or أُمْطِرُوا [which is less correct]. (IKtt, K.) Hence, in the Kur [ubi suprà], accord. to one reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ [And in it they shall have rain]. (S, O.) [See also above, and below.] عَصَرَهُ also signifies He saved him; preserved him: and hence, in the Kur [ubi suprà], accord. to one reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصَرُونَ [And in it they shall be saved, or preserved]. (Bd.) Hence also, perhaps, the other reading, وَفِيهِ يُعْصِرُونَ And in it they shall aid, or succour, one another. (Bd.) See also 8, last quarter, in two places. Also, عَصَرَهُ , (O, TA,) inf. n. عَصْرٌ , (O, K, TA,) It [or he] withheld, hindered, or prevented, him: (O, K, * TA:) one says, مَا عَصَرَكَ What withheld, hindered, or prevented, thee? (O, TA.) And He refused, and withheld, it; (K, * TA;) namely, anything. (TA.) [See also 8, which signifies the same.] And عَصَرَهُ , (K,) aor. عَصِرَ , inf. n. عَصْرٌ , He gave (O, K, TA) to him. (K, TA.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (IKtt, TA.) Tarafeh says, 1 (S, O, TA, but in the S with مَلِكٌ in the place of أَحَدٌ ,) i. e. [If there were, or would that there were, among our kings one] giving to us the like of what thou givest: (TA:) and another reading is, مِثْلَ مَا تَعْصِرُ ; (O;) and it is expl. (by A'Obeyd, TA) as meaning, doing to us benefits (O, TA) like as thou dost: (O:) but Aboo-Sa'eed relates it thus; 2 i. e. يُصَابُ مِنْهُ [app. from عَصَرَ signifying “ he pressed ” grapes and the like; and thus meaning, from whom is gotten, among us, like what is gotten from thee; or, as it may be less freely rendered, who has his bounty drawn forth, among us, like as thou hast thine drawn forth]; and he disallowed the reading [ يَعْصِرُ and] تَعْصِرُ . (TA.) See also 8, first quarter. لَوْ كَانَ فِى أَمْلَاكِنَا أَحَدٌ | يَعْصِرُ فِينَا كَٱلَّذِى تَعْصِرُ يُعْصَرُ فِينَا كٱلَّذِى تُعْصَرُ See also 4, second sentence: and last two sentences. And see the paragraph here following.
Form 2عَصَّرَ3 senses
maṣdarتَعْصِيرٌ

Core sense — the corn put forth its glumesgenerated

2.1

See form 1.

2.2

And see also form 4, second sentence.

2.3the corn put forth its glumes—عصّر الزَّرْعُ

but in the Tekmileh written عَصَرَ الزَّرْعُ without teshdeed.

Apparently from عَصَرٌ meaning “a place of protection”: the rudiments of the ears became protected in the glumes.

Show Lane's original text
see 1: and see also 4, second sentence. عصّر الزَّرْعُ , inf. n. تَعْصِيرٌ ; (K, TA;) but in the Tekmileh written عَصَرَ الزَّرْعُ , without teshdeed; (TA;) The corn put forth its glumes: (K, TA:) app. from عَصَرٌ meaning “ a place of protection: ” i. e. [the rudiments of its ears] became protected in its glumes. (TA.)
Form 3عاصر فُلَانًا2 senses
maṣdarمُعَاصَرَةٌ

Core sense — he was contemporary with such a onegenerated

3.1being contemporary is a cause of harsh treatment, and one contemporary will not help his fellow—المُعَاصَرَةُ مُعَاسَرَةٌ وَالمُعَاصِرُ لَا يُنَاصِرُ

He was contemporary with such a one; or he reached, or attained, the time of such a one. Maṣdars مُعَاصَرَةٌ and عِصَارٌ.

I have substituted معاسرة for معاصرة, which seems to have been written by mistake for the former.

3.2

See also form 8, near the end.

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. مُعَاصَرَةٌ and عِصَارٌ , He was contemporary with such a one: or he attained to, or reached, the time of such a one. (O, TA.) Hence the saying, المُعَاصَرَةُ مُعَاسَرَةٌ وَالمُعَاصِرُ لَا يُنَاصِرُ [The being contemporary is an occasion of hard, or harsh, treatment; and the contemporary will not render reciprocal aid to his fellow]. (TA. [But I have substituted معاسرة for معاصرة , which latter seems to have been written by mistake for the former.]) See also 8, last quarter.
Form 4اعصر5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he entered upon the evening; she reached puberty; the wind raised a dust-pillargenerated

4.1

Said of a man: he entered upon the time called العَصْر; and also he entered upon the evening, or last part of the day, like اقصر.

4.1.1figurative · مجازshe reached the prime of her youth and came to the age of puberty—اعصرت

Also عصّرت, so in all the copies of the K, but in a copy of the Tahdheeb of IKtt عَصَرَتْ without teshdeed. Said of a girl, or of a woman.

She attained the عَصْر of her youth, or simply attained the period of her youth and reached the age of puberty: or she entered upon the time of puberty and began to have the menstrual discharge, because of her womb's being pressed; or as though she entered upon the عَصْر of her youth: or she reached the age of puberty: or she had the menstrual discharge: or she entered upon the time of that discharge: or she approached that time, for, said of a girl, it is like رَاهَقَ said of a boy, according to Abu-l-Ghowth el-Aarábee: or she approached the age of twenty: or she became confined in the house, with a retreat appointed for her at the time of her having that discharge: or she brought forth, which is of the dialect of Azd.

The woman, or girl, is termed مُعْصِرٌ and مُعْصِرَةٌ with ة; plural مَعاصِرٌ and مَعَاصِيرُ.

4.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe clouds were on the point of having rain pressed out of them by the winds—أَعْصَرَتِ السَّحَائِبُ

But see مُعْصِرٌ.

Lane cites “Bd in lxxviii. 14” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
4.2.1

أُعْصِرُوا: see form 1.

4.3the wind raised the dust into the air in the form of a pillar—عَصَرَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ فِى الهَوَآءِ

اعصرت الرِّيحُ and عَصَرَت: the wind brought what is termed إِعْصَار, for which see below.

Show Lane's original text
He (a man, TA) entered upon the time called العَصْر : (K, TA:) and also he entered upon the evening, or last part of the day; like اقصر . (TA.) And اعصرت , (S, Msb, K,) and عصّرت , (K,) so in all the copies of the K, but in a copy of the Tahdheeb of IKtt عَصَرَتْ , without tesh-deed, (TA,) She (a girl, S, Msb, or woman, K) attained the عَصْر of her youth, (TA,) or [simply] attained the period of her youth, (K,) and arrived at the age of puberty: (K, TA:) or entered upon the time of puberty, and began to have the menstrual discharge; (S, O;) because of her womb's being pressed; (O;) or as though she entered upon the عَصْر of her youth: (S, O, TA:) or she attained the age of puberty: (S, IKtt:) or she had the menstrual discharge: (Msb:) or she entered upon the time of that discharge: (K:) or she approached that time; for, said of a girl, it is like رَاهَقَ said of a boy; accord. to Abu-lGhowth el-Aarábee: (S:) or she approached the age of twenty: (K:) or she became confined in the house, (K,) and had a retreat ( عَصَرٌ ) appointed for her, (TA,) at the time of her having the menstrual discharge: (K:) or she brought forth; (K;) in which sense it is of the dial. of Azd. (TA.) The woman, or girl, is termed مُعْصِرٌ (S, O, Msb, K) and مُعْصِرَةٌ , with ة : (IDrd, O, TA:) pl. مَعاصِرٌ (S, K) and مَعَاصِيرُ . (K.) أَعْصَرَتِ السَّحَائِبُ The clouds were at the point of having rain pressed forth from them by the winds. (O, and Bd in lxxviii. 14. [But see مُعْصِرٌ .]) أُعْصِرُوا : see 1. اعصرت الرِّيحُ , (O, TA,) and عَصَرَت , (TA,) The wind brought what is termed إِعْصَار [q. v. infrà.]. (O, TA.) And you say also, عَصَرَتِ الرِّيحُ بِالتُّرَابِ فِى الهَوَآءِ [The wind raised the dust into the air in the form of a pillar]. (TA.)
Form 5تعصّر4 senses

Core sense — it became pressed so that its juice came out; it became difficult; he weptgenerated

5.1

See form 7.

5.2

And see form 8, second half.

5.3it was, or became, difficult, narrow, or tangled—تَعَسَّرَ

The same in meaning as this verb.

5.4figurative · مجاز

He wept.

Show Lane's original text
: see 7: and 8, latter half. I. q. تَعَسَّرَ [it was, or became, difficult, strait, or intricate]. (TA.) He wept. (A.)
Form 7انعصر2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became pressed so that its juice was forced outgenerated

7.1it became pressed, or squeezed, so that its juice, syrup, honey, oil, water, or moisture was forced out—تعصّر

Quasi-passive of form 1 in the first of the senses explained above: its juice, or the like, became got out by pressure or wringing.

7.1.1the strangling-rope, or the like, was pressed tight on his throat—انعصر الخِنَاقُ فِى حَلْقِهِ

Mentioned in the article on خنق.

Show Lane's original text
quasi-pass. of 1 in the first of the senses expl. above; [It became pressed, or squeezed, so that its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture, was forced out; its juice, or the like, became extracted, or fetched out by labour or art, i. e. by pressure or wringing;] (S, O, Msb, K;) as also تعصّر . (S, O, K.) You say also, انعصر الخِنَاقُ فِى حَلْقِهِ [The strangling-rope, or the like, became compressed upon his throat]. (TA in art. خنق .)
Form 8اعتصرهُ7 senses · 2 main
maṣdarعَصْرٌ

Core sense — he extorted his property; he took back a gift; he took refuge with himgenerated

8.1

See عَصَرَهُ, in three places.

8.1.1figurative · مجازhe voided his excrement—اعتصر

Apparently from the sense above. See the ism fāʿil, below.

8.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe swallowed the water little by little—اعتصر بِالمَآءِ

So that some food by which he was choked might go down easily in his throat.

8.1.3figurative · مجازhe extracted, or extorted, his property from his possession—اعتصر مَالَهُ

From the same verb as the one synonymous with عَصَرَ, explained at the beginning of this article. Also: he took out his property for a debt or for some other reason.

he took—اعتصر

Also عَصَرَ: he took of, or from, a thing; he got, and took, of, or from, a thing; he got a thing from a person.

Or, according to El-'Itreefee: he took the property of his son for himself; or he let the property of his son remain in the son's possession.

You do not say اعتصر فُلَانٌ مَالَ فُلَانٍ, meaning such a one took for himself the property of such a one, unless the taker is a relation of his; you say so of a father. And of a boy you say اعتصر مَالَ أَبِيهِ, meaning he took the property of his father. See اعتسر.

the extorter, or exacter, extorted, or exacted, the property—اعتصر العَصَّارُ بِالمَالِ

Or perhaps المَالَ.

8.1.4figurative · مجازhe took back a gift—اعتصر

In the K the maṣdar is explained by اِنْتِجَاعُ العَطِيَّةِ, but in the L the verb is explained by اِرْتَجَعَ العَطِيَّةَ, and likewise in the A and Mgh; and رَجَعَ فِيهَا means he revoked, recalled, or retracted, the gift, synonymous with اِرْتَجَعَ and اِسْتَرَدَّ.

the father may take from his child what he has given him—الوَالِدُ يَعْتَصِرُ وَلَدَهُ فِيمَا أَعْطَاهُ وَلَيْسَ لِلْوَلَدِ أَنْ يَعْتَصِرَ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ
the father may take back what he has given to his child—يَعْتَصِرُ الوَالِدُ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ فِى مَالِهِ

A tradition of ʿOmar; but it is not for the child to take from his father what he has given him.

A tradition of Esh-Shaabee. Here the verb is made transitive by means of على, because it implies the meaning of يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ and يَعُودُ عَلَيْهِ. Or this tradition means: the father may keep his property from his child and withhold it from him; and in the same way the earlier tradition means: the father may withhold his child from giving away his property, and forbid it to him.

For اعتصر also means he prevented, hindered, withheld, or refused, synonymous with مَنَعَ.

the withholding, or refusing, of the poor-rate—اِعْتِصَارُ الصَّدَقَةِ

on this sense See also form 1.

8.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredhe was niggardly, or stingy, towards him—اعتصر

Construed with عَلَيْهِ.

8.2figurative · مجازhe had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation, and asked his aid, or help—اعتصر بِهِ

Also تعصّر به, or إِلَيْهِ and عَصَرَ به; maṣdars عَصْرٌ and عاصرهُ.

and in it you will have recourse for refuge, or protection—وَفِيهِ تُعْصَرُونَ
and in it they shall be safe—وفيه يَعْصِرُونَ

One reading of the Qur'ān 12:49, so explained by Lth; but Az disapproves of this.

The common reading, according to AO, or A'Obeyd; from عُصْرَةٌ meaning “a cause, or means, of safety”: or they shall be safe from trial or affliction, and shall preserve themselves by plenty, or fruitfulness.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرَهُ , in three places. [Hence, app.,] اعتصر He voided his ordure. (O, K, * TA.) [See the act. part. n., below.] And اعتصر بِالمَآءِ He swallowed the water by little and little in order that some food by which he was choked might be made to descend easily in his throat. (S, O, K.) And اعتصر مَالَهُ He extracted, or extorted, his property from his hand, or possession: (S, Msb, TA:) from the same verb as syn. with عَصَرَ expl. in the beginning of this art.: (Msb:) he took forth his property for a debt or for some other reason: (K, * TA:) and اعتصر , he took; (K;) as also عَصَرَ , aor. عَصِرَ : (TA:) he took of, or from, a thing: (TA:) he got, and took, of, or from, a thing: (S, as implied in an explanation of the act. part. n.:) he got a thing from a person: (L:) or, accord. to El-'Itreefee, he took the property of his son for himself; or he suffered the property of his son to remain in his (the latter's) possession: you do not say اعتصر فُلَانٌ مَالَ فُلَانٍ [such a one took for himself the property of such a one] unless he be a relation to him: [you say so of a father:] and of a boy you say, اعتصر مَالَ أَبِيهِ , meaning, he took the property of his father. (TA.) [See اعتسر .] And اعتصر العَصَّارُ بِالمَالِ [or المَالَ ? i. e. The extorter, or exacter, extorted, or exacted the property]. (A, TA.) Also اعتصر , He took back a gift: (A, Mgh, L, TA:) in the K, the inf. n. is expl. by اِنْتِجَاعُ العَطِيَّةِ ; but in the L, the verb is expl. by اِرْتَجَعَ العَطِيَّةَ , [and in like manner in the A and Mgh,] and رَجَعَ فِيهَا : (TA:) he revoked, recalled, or retracted, the gift; syn. اِرْتَجَعَ , (Mgh, O,) and اِسْتَرَدَّ . (Mgh.) Hence the trad. of 'Omar, الوَالِدُ يَعْتَصِرُ وَلَدَهُ فِيمَا أَعْطَاهُ وَلَيْسَ لِلْوَلَدِ أَنْ يَعْتَصِرَ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ , i. e., The father may take from his child what he has given him; [but it is not for the child to take from his father what he has given him.] (Mgh, O.) But as to the trad. of Esh-Shaabee, يَعْتَصِرُ الوَالِدُ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ فِى مَالِهِ [ The father may take back what he has given to his child], the verb is made trans. by means of على because it implies the meaning of يَرْجِعُ عَلَيْهِ , and يَعُودُ عَلَيْهِ : (IAth, Mgh, O: *) or this latter trad. means, the father may forbid his child his property, and withhold it from him: (S:) and [in like manner] the former trad., the father may withhold his child from giving his property, and forbid it to him: (TA:) for اعتصر also signifies he prevented, hindered, withheld, or refused; syn. مَنَعَ . (K, TA.) Hence, اِعْتِصَارُ الصَّدَقَةِ [The withholding, or refusing, the poorrate]. (TA.) [See also 1.] اعتصر also signifies He was niggardly, or avaricious, (K, TA,) عَلَيْهِ towards him. (TA.) اعتصر بِهِ ; (S, A, K;) and تعصّر به , (S, K,) or إِلَيْهِ ; (O;) and عَصَرَ به , inf. n. عَصْرٌ ; (TA;) and عاصرهُ ; (A;) He had recourse to him for refuge, protection, or preservation; (S, A, K;) and sought, desired, or asked, aid, or succour, of him. (A.) In the Kur [xii. 49], وَفِيهِ تُعْصَرُونَ [sic], which is one reading, is expl. by Lth as signifying And in it ye shall have recourse for refuge, or protection; but Az disapproves of this: (TA:) [the common reading] وفيه يَعْصِرُونَ , accord. to AO, (so in one copy of the S,) or A'Obeyd, (as in another copy of the S,) signifies and in it they shall be safe; from عُصْرَةٌ signifying “ a cause, or means, of safety: ” (S:) or they shall be safe from trial, or affliction, and shall preserve themselves by plenty, or fruitfulness. (TA.)

Derived nouns 27

Nounعَصْرٌ8 senses · 3 main

Core sense — time, an age; the afternoon, or evening; the afternoon prayergenerated

1I did it not in its time—مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَصْرًا

This is the most common form; عُصُرٌ, عُصْرٌ and عِصْرٌ are the same as دَهْرٌ, meaning time, or a time, or a space or period of time; or any unlimited extent of time during which peoples pass away and become extinct (Esh-Shiháb, in the Sharh esh-Shifè); a succession of ages. Fr says this is its meaning in the Qur'ān 103:1. Plural, of paucity, أَعْصُرٌ and أَعْصَارٌ; of multitude, عُصُورٌ and عُصُرٌ.

Also بِعَصْرٍ.

he came, but he came not at the proper time of coming—جَآءُ لٰكِنَّ لَمْ يَجِئْ لِعُصْرٍ

So AZ, O and K; but AZ relates it without لكنّ.

he slept, but hardly, or scarcely, slept—نَامَ وَمَا نَامَ لِعُصْرٍ

Or, according to AZ, Sgh, the author of the L and others, نام عُصْرًا ما.

such a one slept, but did not sleep for any considerable period of time, or day—نَامَ فُلَانٌ وَلَمْ يَنَمْ عَصْرًا

Also بِعَصْرٍ. This agrees with the other meanings, which follow here.

1.1an hour, or a time, of the day—عَصْرٌ

The word used is سَاعَةٌ. So Katádeh.

1.2the night and the day; or the morning and the afternoon, or the first part of the day and the last part of it—العَصْرَانِ

A day, or day as opposed to night; and a night, or night as opposed to day; also the morning, before or after sunrise, synonym غَدَاةٌ; and the afternoon, or evening, or last part of the day, until the sun becomes red — as also عَصَرٌ.

الغَدَاةُ وَالعَشِىُّ. See also الأَبْرَدَانِ.

A poet says: [And I put him off, delaying the payment of his debt, morning and evening, or from morning to evening, so that he loathes me and is content with half of the debt, though unwilling]

shāhid
وَأَمْطُلُهُ العَصْرَيْنِ حَتَّى يَمَلُّنِىوَيَرْضَى بِنِصْفِ الدَّيْنِ وَالأَنْفُ رَاغِمُ

— meaning, when he comes to me in the first part of the day, I promise to pay him in the last part of it.

According to Sgh the right reading, instead of والانف راغم, is فِى غَيْرِ نَائِلِ, that is, without liberality; and the verse is by 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr El-Asadee.

1.3the prayer of afternoon—صَلَاةُ العَصْرِ

Also صلاة العَصَرِ, feminine only, and simply العَصْرُ and العَصَرُ, masculine and feminine. Its time begins about midway between noon and nightfall; or, according to the Sháfiʿees, Málikees and Hambelees, when the shade an object casts is equal to the object's length added to the length of the shade the same object casts at noon; and according to the Hanafees, when the shadow is twice the length of the object added to the length of its mid-day shadow. It ends at sunset, or when the sun becomes red.

So called because performed in one of the عَصْرَانِ, that is, in the last part of the day. It is also called الصَّلَاةُ الوَسْطَى, according to some, because it falls between the two prayers of the day, that of daybreak and that of noon, and the two prayers of the night, that of sunset and that of nightfall. So Abu-l-'Abbás. Plural, of paucity, أَعْصُرٌ; of multitude, عُصُورٌ.

And hence العَصْرَانِ is applied in a tradition to the prayer of daybreak and that of the عَصْر, one being made predominant over the other, as is the case in القَمَرَانِ applied to the sun and the moon; or they are so called because they are performed at the two ends of the عَصْرَانِ, meaning the night and the day; but the former explanation is the more likely. For an example of the diminutive العُصَيْرُ, see مُرْهِقَة in the article on رهق.

1.4such a one came late—جَآءَ فُلَانٌ عَصْرًا
2

See also عَصِيرٌ.

2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredrain from a certain kind of clouds—عَصْرٌ

The clouds called مُعْصِرَات.

3

Also a man's near relations, those termed his رَهْط and عَشِيرَة, or his عَصَبَة.

Qur’ānic occurrences عَصْر
103:1
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ وَٱلْعَصْرِ

By (the Token of) Time (through the ages),

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[which is the most common form] and عُصُرٌ (S, A, O, Msb, K) and عُصْرٌ (S, A, O, K) and عِصْرٌ (A, O, K) i. q. دَهْرٌ [as meaning Time; or a time; or a space or period of time]; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) or any unlimited extent of time, during which peoples pass away and become extinct; (Esh-Shiháb, in the “ Sharh esh-Shifè; ”) [a succession of ages:] such is said by Fr to be its meaning in the Kur ciii. l: (TA:) pl. (of pauc., O) أَعْصُرٌ (O, K) and أَعْصَارٌ ; (K;) and [of mult.] عُصُورٌ (S, O, K) and عُصُرٌ . (K.) You say, مَا فَعَلْتُهُ عَصْرًا , and بِعَصْرٍ , I did it not in its time. (A.) And جَآءُ لٰكِنَّ لَمْ يَجِئْ لِعُصْرٍ He came, but he came not at the [proper] time of coming. (AZ, O, K: but AZ relates it without لكنّ . TA.) And نَامَ وَمَا نَامَ لِعُصْرٍ , (K,) or, accord. to AZ and Sgh and the author of the L and others, نام عُصْرًا ما , (TA,) He slept, but hardly, or scarcely, slept. (AZ, K, &c.) And نَامَ فُلَانٌ وَلَمْ يَنَمْ عَصْرًا , and بِعَصْرٍ , Such a one slept, but slept not during a [considerable period of] time, or day; (A;) agreeably with other significations, here following. (TA.) عَصْرٌ also signifies An hour, or a time, ( سَاعَةٌ ,) of the day. (Katádeh, O.) A day: (K:) [or day, as opposed to night:] and a night: (K:) [or night, as opposed to day:] also the morning, before, or after, sunrise; syn. غَدَاةٌ : and the afternoon; or evening; or last part of the day; until the sun becomes red; as also عَصَرٌ , (IDrd, K.) Hence, العَصْرَانِ The night and the day: (O, TA:) or night and day: (Msb:) and the morning, before, or after, sunrise, and the afternoon or evening; or the first part of the day and the last part thereof: الغَدَاةُ وَالعَشِىُّ . (ISk, S, O, Msb.) [See also الأَبْرَدَانِ .] A poet says, 1 [And I put him off, delaying the payment of his debt, morning and evening, or from morning to evening, so that he loathes me, and is content with half of the debt, though unwilling]: meaning, when he comes to me in the first part of the day, I promise to pay him in the last part of it: (ISk, S:) or, accord. to Sgh, the right reading (instead of والانف راغم ) is فِى غَيْرِ نَائِلِ [without liberality]: and the verse is by 'Abd-Allah Ibn-Ez-Zubeyr El-Asadee. (TA.) وَأَمْطُلُهُ العَصْرَيْنِ حَتَّى يَمَلُّنِى | وَيَرْضَى بِنِصْفِ الدَّيْنِ وَالأَنْفُ رَاغِمُ Hence also (S, O) صَلَاةُ العَصْرِ , (S, O, Msb,) and صلاة العَصَرِ , (O, TA,) fem. only, and simply العَصْرُ , [and العَصَرُ ,] mase. and fem., (Msb,) [The prayer of afternoon; the time of which commences about mid-time between noon and nightfall; or accord. to the Shá- fi'ees, Málikees, and Hambelees, when the shade of an object, cast by the sun, is equal to the length of that object, added to the length of the shade which the same object casts at noon; and accord. to the Hanafees, when the shadow is equal to twice the length of the object added to the length of its mid-day shadow: its end being sunset, or the time when the sun becomes red:] so called because performed in one of the عَصْرَانِ , i. e., in the last portion of the day: (O:) also called الصَّلَاةُ الوَسْطَى [accord. to some], because it is between the two prayers of the day [that of daybreak and that of noon] and the two prayers of the night [that of sunset and that of nightfall]: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) pl. [of pauc.] أَعْصُرٌ ; and [of mult.] عُصُورٌ . (Msb.) [And hence likewise,] العَصْرَانِ is applied in a trad. to The prayer of daybreak and that of the عَصْر ; one being made predominant over the other; (Msb, TA;) as is the case in القَمَرَانِ applied to the sun and the moon; (TA;) or they are so called because they are performed at the two extremities of the عَصْرَانِ , meaning the night and the day; (Msb, TA;) but the former is the more likely. (TA.) [See an ex. of the dim., العُصَيْرُ , voce مُرْهِقَة , in art. رهق .] You say also, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ عَصْرًا , meaning Such a one came late. (Ks, S, O.) See also عَصِيرٌ . عَصْرٌ also signifies Rain from the [clouds called] مُعْصِرَات . (K.) Also A man's [near kinsfolk such as are termed his] رَهْط and عَشِيرَة : (O, K, * TA:) or his عَصَبَة [q. v.]. (TA.)
Nounعُصْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — time, an age; a place of refugegenerated

1

See عَصْرٌ, in four places.

2

And see also عَصَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصْرٌ , in four places. And see also عَصَرٌ .
Nounعِصْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — time, an agegenerated

1

See عَصْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصْرٌ .
Nounعَصَرٌ3 senses

Core sense — a place of refuge; a means of safety; dust raised and spreadinggenerated

1

See عَصْرٌ, in three places.

2figurative · مجازZeyd is my refuge—زَيْدٌ عُصْرَتِى

Also a place to which one has recourse for refuge, protection, preservation, concealment, covert, or lodging; a place of refuge; an asylum; and a cause, or means, of safety, synonym مَنْجَاةٌ. So too عُصْرٌ, عُصْرَةٌ, مُعَصَّرٌ, مُعْتَصَرٌ and عُصُرٌ, from which عُصْرٌ is said to be contracted, and عَصِيرَةٌ.

Also عَصِيرَتِى and مَعْتَصَرِى.

3figurative · مجازa perfumed woman passed by, with dust coming from her skirt—مَرَّتِ ٱمْرَأَةٌ مُتَطَيِّبَةٌ لِذَيْلِهَا عَصَرٌ

Also dust, or dust raised and spreading, synonym غُبَارٌ; or violent dust, which is also the meaning of عِصَارٌ and عَصَرَةٌ; or this last — or, according to some, عُصْرَةٌ — has the former meaning.

Or عُصْرَةٌ; or, as some relate it, عَصَرَةٌ. The dust was caused by her dragging her skirt along the ground, or by the abundance of the perfume.

Or عَصَرَةٌ may mean an exhalation of perfume, a meaning which it also has; but according to one relation the word is إِعْصَارٌ, which also means dust raised by wind.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصْرٌ , in three places. Also A place to which one has recourse for refuge, protection, preservation, concealment, covert, or lodging; a place of refuge; an asylum; a refuge: (S, O, K:) and a cause, or means, of safety; syn. مَنْجَاةٌ : (S, K:) as also عُصْرٌ (K) and عُصْرَةٌ (S, O, TA) and مُعَصَّرٌ (O, K) and مُعْتَصَرٌ (TA) and عُصُرٌ , from which عُصْرٌ is said to be contracted, (TA,) [and عَصِيرَةٌ .] You say, زَيْدٌ عُصْرَتِى and عَصِيرَتِى and مَعْتَصَرِى [Zeyd is my refuge]. (A.) Also Dust; or dust raised and spreading; syn. غُبَارٌ : (S, O, K:) or vehement dust; (TA;) which latter is also the signification of عِصَارٌ and عَصَرَةٌ : (O, K, TA:) or this last, or, accord. to some, عُصْرَةٌ , has the former signification. (L.) It is said in a trad., مَرَّتِ ٱمْرَأَةٌ مُتَطَيِّبَةٌ لِذَيْلِهَا عَصَرٌ , (S, O,) or عُصْرَةٌ . or, as some relate it, عَصَرَةٌ , (l.,) A perfumed woman passed by, her skirt having a dust proceeding from it, (S, A, L,) occasioned by her dragging it along [upon the ground], (l.,) or occasioned by the abundance of the perfume: (A:) or عَصَرَةٌ may mean an exhalation of perfume: (L, TA: *) [for] it has this meaning also: (IDrd, O:) but accord. to one relation, it is إِعْصَارٌ , (L,) which also signifies dust raised by wind. (TA.)
Nounعُصُرٌ2 senses

Core sense — time, an agegenerated

1

See عَصْرٌ.

2

And see عَصَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصْرٌ : and see عَصَرٌ .
Nounعُصْرَةٌ3 senses

Core sense — a thing whose water can almost be wrung out; a refuge; close kinsfolkgenerated

1the rain wetted his clothes so that their water was almost wrung out—بَلَّ المَطَرُ ثِيَابَهُ حَتَّى صَارَتْ عُصْرَةً

Apparently a thing from which water or the like may, or may almost, be pressed or wrung out.

2

See also عَصَرٌ, in four places.

3these are sons of our paternal uncle, or the like, closely related—هٰؤُلَآءِ مَوَالِينَا عُصْرَةً

Also the same as دِنْيَةٌ.

That is, دِنْيَةً, to the exclusion of others; and so قُصْرَةً.

Show Lane's original text
[app., A thing from which water or the like may, or may almost, be expressed, or wrung out]. You say, بَلَّ المَطَرُ ثِيَابَهُ حَتَّى صَارَتْ عُصْرَةً The rain wetted his clothes so that their water was almost wrung out. (TA.) See also عَصَرٌ , in four places. Also i. q. دِنْيَةٌ : one says, هٰؤُلَآءِ مَوَالِينَا عُصْرَةً i. e. دِنْيَةً [These are sons of our paternal uncle, or the like, closely related], exclusively of others: (S, O:) and so قُصْرَةً . (TA.)
Nounعَصَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place of refuge; a means of safetygenerated

1

See عَصَرٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرٌ , in three places.
Nounعُصَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — expressed juice, or the likegenerated

1

See عُصَارَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عُصَارَةٌ .
Nounعِصَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — violent dust raised by the windgenerated

1

See عَصَرٌ and إِعْصَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرٌ , and إِعْصَارٌ .
Nounعَصُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man generous, or liberal, when askedgenerated

1

See عَاصِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَاصِرٌ .
Nounعَصِيرٌ1 sense

Core sense — pressed so that its juice is forced outgenerated

1

The same as مَعْصُورٌ: pressed, or squeezed, or wrung, so that its juice, syrup, honey, oil, water, or moisture is forced out; and so too عَصْرٌ. See also عُصَارَةٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. مَعْصُورٌ [Pressed, or squeezed, or wrung, so that its juice, sirup, honey, oil, water, or moisture, is forced out]; (K;) as also عَصْرٌ . (TA.) See also عُصَارَةٌ , in two places.
Nounعُصَارَةٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — expressed juice; what remains of the dregs; the produce of a landgenerated

1

Expressed juice or the like; what flows from grapes and the like — things containing oil, syrup, or honey — when they are pressed, squeezed, or wrung; an extract, but properly one that is pressed out. So too عَصِيرٌ and عُصَارٌ; or, as some say, عُصَارٌ is a plural of عُصَارَةٌ, or rather an ism jamʿ of which the latter is the ism waḥda.

1.1

Also what remains of the dregs, after pressing to force out the juice or the like.

1.2

Also the choice part, or the refuse, of a thing; the word used is نُقَايَة, which has these two opposite meanings.

1.3figurative · مجاز

Also the produce of a land.

1.4figurative · مجازthe children of such a one are of generous race, or of generous disposition—وَلَدُ فُلَانٍ عُصَارَةُ كَرَمٍ

Also مِنْ عُصَارَاتِ الكَرَمِ.

1.5figurative · مجازa man generous, or liberal, when asked—رَجُلٌ كَرِيمُ العُصَارَةِ

Also المَعْصَرِ and المُعْتَصَرِ.

one with whom one cannot take refuge, whose protection cannot be obtained—مَنِيعُ المُعْتَصَرِ
of generous race—كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ

Or كَثِيرُ العَصِيرِ, not كَرِيمُ العَصْرِ as in the O and K. See also عُنْصُرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Expressed juice or the like; what flows (S, O, Msb, K) from grapes and the like, (Msb, K,) of things having oil or sirup or honey, (TA,) on pressure or squeezing or wringing; (IDrd, S, O, Msb, TA;) [an extract; but properly, such as is expressed;] as also عَصِيرٌ (Mgh, Msb, K) and عُصَارٌ ; (K;) or, as some say, عُصَارٌ is a pl. of [or rather a coll. gen. n. of which the n. un. is] عُصَارَةٌ . (TA.) Also What remains of dregs, after pressing to force out the juice or the like. (S, O, TA.) Also The choice part, or the refuse, ( نُقَايَة [which has these two contr. significations]) of a thing. (TA.) Also The produce (IF, A, O) of a land. (A.) وَلَدُ فُلَانٍ عُصَارَةُ كَرَمٍ and مِنْ عُصَارَاتِ الكَرَمِ [means The children of such a one are of generous race, or of generous disposition]. (A.) رَجُلٌ كَرِيمُ العُصَارَةِ , (K,) and المَعْصَرِ , (S, O, K,) and المُعْتَصَرِ , (K,) A man generous, or liberal, when asked. (S, O, K.) And مَنِيعُ المُعْتَصَرِ One with whom one cannot take refuge, or whose protection is unobtainable. (TA.) And كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ , (O, L,) or كَثِيرُ العَصِيرِ , not كَرِيمُ العَصْرِ as in the [O and] K, (TA,) Of generous race. (O, L, K.) [See also عُنْصُرٌ .]
Nounعَصِيرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — expressed juice, or the likegenerated

1

See عَصَرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرٌ , in two places.
Nounعَصَّارٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who presses grapes or oil; an extorter, or exactergenerated

1

A presser of grapes, or of oil and the like.

1.1figurative · مجاز

And hence: an extorter, or exacter. See form 8, first half.

Show Lane's original text
A presser of [grapes or] oil [and the like]. (MA, KL.) [And hence, An extorter, or exacter.] See 8, former half.
Nounعَاصِرٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who presses out juice or oilgenerated

1

Ism fāʿil of form 1.

1.1I will not do it as long as there is an expresser of the oil of the olive—لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا دَامَ لِلزَّيْتِ عَاصِرٌ

That is, ever.

1.2three stones, placed one upon another, with which grapes are pressed to force out the juice—عَوَاصِرُ

As though it were a plural of عَاصِرٌ or of عَاصِرَةٌ.

1.3figurative · مجازone who takes of the property of his child without the child's permission—عَاصِرٌ

Also عَصُورٌ.

1.4figurative · مجازsuch a one is tenacious, or stingy—فُلَانٌ عَاصِرٌ
Show Lane's original text
act. part. n. of 1. لَا أَفْعَلُهُ مَا دَامَ لِلزَّيْتِ عَاصِرٌ [I will not do it as long as there is an expresser of the oil of the olive]; i. e., ever. (S, O.) عَوَاصِرُ [as though pl. of عَاصِرٌ or of عَاصِرَةٌ ] Three stones with which grapes are pressed so as to force out the juice, (K,) being placed one upon another. (TA.) عَاصِرٌ and عَصُورٌ One who takes of the property of his child without the latter's permission. (TA.) فُلَانٌ عَاصِرٌ Such a one is tenacious, or avaricious. (TA.)
Nounعُنْصُرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — origin, race, lineage; noble descent; an elementgenerated

1such a one is of generous origin, or race—فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ العُنْصُرِ

Also عُنْصَرٌ; the former is the more commonly known, but the latter is the more chaste. My copy of the Msb has عَنْصر, but I regard this as a copyist's mistake. Origin, synonym أَصْلٌ; race, lineage, or family; rank or quality, nobility or eminence, reputation or note or consideration, derived from ancestors or from one's own deeds or qualities, synonym حَسَبٌ. Plural عَنَاصِرُ.

Like the expression كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ.

1.1

An element of those from which the material substances of different natures are composed; an element considered as that from which composition begins. It is of four kinds: fire, air, earth, and water. But this application belongs to the conventional language of philosophy. See also مَادَّةٌ and جِسْمٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(S, O, Msb, K) and عُنْصَرٌ , (S, O, K,) the former of which is the more commonly known, but the latter [accord. to my copy of the Msb عَنْصر , but this I regard as a mistake of the copyist,] is the more chaste, (TA,) Origin; syn. أَصْلٌ : (S, O, Msb, K:) race, lineage, or family: (Msb:) rank or quality, nobility or eminence, reputation or note or consideration, derived from ancestors, or from one's own deeds or qualities; syn. حَسَبٌ : (S, O, K:) pl. عَنَاصِرُ . (Msb.) You say فُلَانٌ كَرِيمُ العُنْصُرِ [Such a one is of generous origin, or race, &c.,] like as you say كَرِيمُ العَصِيرِ . (L.) An element ( أَصْلٌ ) [of those] whereof are composed the material substances of different natures; [an element considered as that from which composition commences:] it is of four kinds; namely, fire, air, earth, and water. (KT.) [But this application belongs to the conventional language of philosophy. See also مَادَّةٌ , and جِسْمٌ .]
Nounعَوَاصِرُ1 sense

Core sense — three stones with which grapes are pressedgenerated

1

See عَاصِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَاصِرٌ .
Nounإِعْصَارٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a whirlwind of dust or sand, shaped like a pillargenerated

1

A whirlwind of dust or sand, resembling a pillar; a wind that raises dust or sand between the sky and the earth and revolves, resembling a pillar; called also by the Arabs a زَوْبَعَة, of the masculine gender; a wind that raises the dust or sand and rises towards the sky as though it were a pillar; a wind that blows from the ground, raises the dust or sand, and rises like a pillar towards the sky, called by the people a زَوْبَعَة; unless it blows in this way, violently, it is not so called. See عَمُودٌ.

Or a wind that rises into the sky; or a wind that raises the clouds, with thunder and lightning; or one in which is fire, mentioned in the Qur'ān 2:268; or one in which is عِصَار, which means violent dust, or means dust raised into the air by the wind in the form of a pillar. See also عَصَرٌ. Plural أَعَاصِيرُ and أَعَاصِرُ, the latter occurring in poetry.

Qur’ān 2:266 approximate — somewhere between 2:259 and 2:273 Lane cites “Kur ii. 268”
Qur’ān 2:266 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
أَيَوَدُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَن تَكُونَ لَهُۥ جَنَّةٌ مِّن نَّخِيلٍ وَأَعْنَابٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ لَهُۥ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ وَأَصَابَهُ ٱلْكِبَرُ وَلَهُۥ ذُرِّيَّةٌ ضُعَفَآءُ فَأَصَابَهَآ إِعْصَارٌ فِيهِ نَارٌ فَٱحْتَرَقَتْ ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ

Does any of you wish that he should have a garden with date-palms and vines and streams flowing underneath, and all kinds of fruit, while he is stricken with old age, and his children are not strong (enough to look after themselves)- that it should be caught in a whirlwind, with fire therein, and be burnt up? Thus doth Allah make clear to you (His) Signs; that ye may consider.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1if you are a wind, you have met with a whirlwind of dust like a pillar—إِنْ كُنْتَ رِيحًا فَقَدْ لَاقَيْتَ إِعْصَارًا

A proverb of the Arabs, said of a man who has some power in him and meets one stronger than himself, or of a man who meets his adversary with courage.

1.2his promising is as useless as a whirlwind of dust—وَعْدُهُ إِعْصَارٌ
Qur’ānic occurrences إِعْصَار
2:266
أَيَوَدُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَن تَكُونَ لَهُۥ جَنَّةٌ مِّن نَّخِيلٍ وَأَعْنَابٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ لَهُۥ فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ وَأَصَابَهُ ٱلْكِبَرُ وَلَهُۥ ذُرِّيَّةٌ ضُعَفَآءُ فَأَصَابَهَآ إِعْصَارٌ فِيهِ نَارٌ فَٱحْتَرَقَتْ ۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ

Does any of you wish that he should have a garden with date-palms and vines and streams flowing underneath, and all kinds of fruit, while he is stricken with old age, and his children are not strong (enough to look after themselves)- that it should be caught in a whirlwind, with fire therein, and be burnt up? Thus doth Allah make clear to you (His) Signs; that ye may consider.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A whirlwind of dust [or sand], resembling a pillar; a wind that raises dust [or sand] between the sky and the earth, and revolves, resembling a pillar; called also by the Arabs a زَوْبَعَة ; of the masc. gender; (Msb;) a wind that raises the dust [or sand], and rises towards the sky, as though it were a pillar; (S, O;) a wind that blows from the ground, (K, TA,) and raises the dust [or sand], and rises (TA) like a pillar towards the sky; (K, TA;) called by the people a زَوْبَعَة : (TA:) unless it blow in this manner, with vehemence, it is not thus called: (Zj, TA:) [see عَمُودٌ :] a wind that rises into the sky: (AZ:) or a wind that raises the clouds, (S, O, K,) with thunder and lightning: (S, O:) or in which is fire: (K:) mentioned in the Kur ii. 268: (S, O:) or in which is عِصَار , which signifies vehement dust, (K,) or this latter word signifies dust raised into the air, by the wind, in the form of a pillar ( مَا عَصَرَتْ بِهِ الرِّيحُ مِنَ التُّرَابِ فِى الهَوَآءِ ): (TA:) [see also عَصَرٌ :] pl. أَعَاصِيرُ , (Msb, TA,) and أَعَاصِرُ [occurring in poetry]. (Ham p. 678.) إِنْ كُنْتَ رِيحًا فَقَدْ لَاقَيْتَ إِعْصَارًا [If thou be a wind, thou hast met with a whirlwind of dust like a pillar] is a prov. of the Arabs, (O, TA,) relating to a man in whom is somewhat of power and who meets with one superior to him, (O,) or to a man who meets his adversary with courage. (TA.) And one says, وَعْدُهُ إِعْصَارٌ [His promising is unprofitable like a whirlwind of dust]. (A, TA.)
Nounكَرِيمُ المَعْصَرِ1 sense

Core sense — of generous racegenerated

1

See عُصَارَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عُصَارَةٌ .
Nounمُعْصِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a girl who has reached puberty; clouds pressing out raingenerated

1

This and مُعْصِرَةٌ: see form 4, near the end.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

مُعْصِرَاتٌ means clouds, so called because they press forth water. So Aboo-Is-hák. This explanation agrees best with what is said in the Qur'ān 78:14, because the winds called أَعَاصِيرُ, plural of إِعْصَارٌ, are not among the winds of rain.

Or: clouds on the point of having rain pressed out of them by the winds; or clouds ready to pour forth rain; or clouds pressing forth rain; or clouds that ooze rain but have not yet gathered together, just as مُعْصِرٌ is applied to a girl who has almost had the menstrual discharge but has not yet had it; or winds ready to press the rain out of the clouds; or winds having أَعَاصِير, that is, dust.

Lane cites “Kur lxxviii. 14” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped
Lane cites “Bd in lxxviii. 14” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Show Lane's original text
and مُعْصِرَةٌ : see 4, near the end. مُعْصِرَاتٌ signifies Clouds; (Az, K;) so called because they press forth water: (Aboo-Is-hák, TA:) this explanation is most agreeable with what is said in the Kur lxxviii. 14, because the winds called أَعَاصِيرُ [pl. of إِعْصَارٌ ] are not of the winds of rain: (Az, TA:) or clouds at the point of having rain pressed forth from them by the winds: (Bd in lxxviii. 14; and TA: *) or clouds ready to pour forth rain: (TA:) or clouds pressing forth rain: (S, O:) or clouds that flow with [or ooze forth] rain but have not yet collected together; like as مُعْصِرٌ is applied to a girl who has almost had the menstrual discharge but has not yet had it: (Fr, TA:) or winds ready to press forth the rain from the clouds: (Bd, ubi suprà:) or winds having أَعَاصِير ; (Bd, ubi suprà; and TA;) i. e., dust. (TA.)
Nounمِعْصَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the thing in which grapes and olives are pressedgenerated

1

This and مِعْصَرَةٌ: the thing in which grapes and olives are pressed, to force out their juice and oil. See also مِعْصَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(K, TA) and مِعْصَرَةٌ (S, O, TA) The thing in which grapes (S, O, K) and olives (S) are pressed, to force out their juice (S, O, K) and oil. (S.) [See also مِعْصَارٌ .]
Nounمَعْصَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place in which grapes are pressedgenerated

1

A place in which grapes and the like are pressed, to force out their juice or the like.

Show Lane's original text
A place in which grapes and the like are pressed, to force out their juice or the like. (K, * TA.)
Nounمُعَصَّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — pressed so that its juice is forced outgenerated

1

See عَصَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرٌ .
Nounمِعْصَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — that in which a thing is pressed to force out its watergenerated

1

That in which a thing is put and pressed, so that its water, or the like, may flow, or ooze, out. See also مِعْصَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
That in which a thing is put and pressed, in order that its water, or the like, may flow [or ooze] out. (K, * TA.) [See also مِعْصَرٌ .]
Nounمَعْصُورٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — pressed, or squeezed; a tongue dry from thirstgenerated

1

See عَصِيرٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز

Also a tongue dry by reason of thirst.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصِيرٌ . Also A tongue dry (O, TA) by reason of thirst. (TA.)
Nounمُعْتَصَرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a place of refuge; a means of safetygenerated

1

See عَصَرٌ, in two places.

1.1

And see عُصَارَةٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see عَصَرٌ , in two places: and see عُصَارَةٌ , in two places.
Nounمُعْتَصِرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who presses out juice; one who takes of a thinggenerated

1

One who expresses the juice of grapes, to make wine, for another or for others. But see form 1.

1.1figurative · مجاز

Voiding excrement: from عَصْرٌ, or from عَصَرٌ meaning “a place of refuge or concealment.”

1.2figurative · مجاز

And one who gets, and takes, of, or from, a thing.

Show Lane's original text
: One who expresses the juice of grapes, to make wine, for another or others. (Mgh.) [But see 1.] Voiding ordure: (Mgh, K, * TA:) from عَصْرٌ , or from عَصَرٌ signifying “ a place of refuge or concealment. ” (TA.) And One who gets, and takes, of, or from, a thing. (S, O.)