maṣdarتَعْزِيرٌ عَزْرٌ
Core sense — he disciplined or punished him; he aided him; he honoured himgenerated
2.1he disciplined, corrected, or punished him—تَعْزِيرٌ
That is, he did to him what should turn him back from evil or foul conduct. So Ibráheem Es-Seree.
2.1.1he inflicted on him a beating, or flogging, less than the one prescribed by the law—عَزَرَهُ
only the maṣdar of this second verb is mentioned in this sense.
It is so called because it prevents the criminal from returning to disobedience; but whether this meaning belongs only to the conventional language of the law, or is part of the proper meaning, is disputed. Or: he beat, or flogged, him with the utmost violence. Or تَعْزِيرٌ means simply the act of beating.
he beat him moderately, not going beyond the usual bounds—ضَرَبَهُ تَعْزِيرًا
Mentioned in the article on حل.
2.1.2he constrained him against his will to do the thing, and taught him by forbidding him to go back to what was contrary to it—عَلَى الأَمْرِ
عَزَرَهُ has the same meaning.
And he taught him the فَرَائِض and أَحْكَام [or obligatory statutes or ordinances of God].
Or التَّعْزِيرُ or العَزْرُ means the teaching of religion, or of the بَاب الدِّين [i.e. the declaration of belief in the unity of God and in the mission of Mohammad] and the فَرَائِض and أَحْكَام.
2.1.3he blamed, censured, or reproved him—عَزَرَهُ
This meaning belongs to the headword and to this verb alike.
2.1.4he aided, or assisted, him—عَزَرَهُ
he strengthened him—عَزَرَهُ
he aided him against his enemy, or enemies, by driving them back—عَزَرَهُ
Maṣdar as above; the headword has the same meaning.
Maṣdar as above.
Muḍāriʿ عَزِرَ and عَزُرَ, the former being the more correct; maṣdar as above. Or: he did so time after time; or he did so with the sword.
2.1.5he treated him with reverence, respect, or honour—عَزَرَهُ
عَزُرَ has the same meaning, maṣdar as above.
2.1.6
He abased him; made him vile, despicable, or contemptible. So the verb has two opposite meanings.
2.1.7
He loaded him, said of an ass.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2
5:12
وَلَقَدْ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَـٰقَ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ وَبَعَثْنَا مِنْهُمُ ٱثْنَىْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًا ۖ وَقَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّى مَعَكُمْ ۖ لَئِنْ أَقَمْتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَيْتُمُ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَءَامَنتُم بِرُسُلِى وَعَزَّرْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَقْرَضْتُمُ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا لَّأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنكُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمْ وَلَأُدْخِلَنَّكُمْ جَنَّـٰتٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ ۚ فَمَن كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِAllah did aforetime take a covenant from the Children of Israel, and we appointed twelve captains among them. And Allah said: "I am with you: if ye (but) establish regular prayers, practise regular charity, believe in my messengers, honour and assist them, and loan to Allah a beautiful loan, verily I will wipe out from you your evils, and admit you to gardens with rivers flowing beneath; but if any of you, after this, resisteth faith, he hath truly wandered from the path or rectitude."
7:157
ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلرَّسُولَ ٱلنَّبِىَّ ٱلْأُمِّىَّ ٱلَّذِى يَجِدُونَهُۥ مَكْتُوبًا عِندَهُمْ فِى ٱلتَّوْرَىٰةِ وَٱلْإِنجِيلِ يَأْمُرُهُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَىٰهُمْ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَـٰتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْخَبَـٰٓئِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ إِصْرَهُمْ وَٱلْأَغْلَـٰلَ ٱلَّتِى كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۚ فَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ بِهِۦ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَٱتَّبَعُوا۟ ٱلنُّورَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أُنزِلَ مَعَهُۥٓ ۙ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ"Those who follow the messenger, the unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in their own (scriptures),- in the law and the Gospel;- for he commands them what is just and forbids them what is evil; he allows them as lawful what is good (and pure) and prohibits them from what is bad (and impure); He releases them from their heavy burdens and from the yokes that are upon them. So it is those who believe in him, honour him, help him, and follow the light which is sent down with him,- it is they who will prosper."
48:9
لِّتُؤْمِنُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَتُعَزِّرُوهُ وَتُوَقِّرُوهُ وَتُسَبِّحُوهُ بُكْرَةً وَأَصِيلًاIn order that ye (O men) may believe in Allah and His Messenger, that ye may assist and honour Him, and celebrate His praise morning and evening.
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَعْزِيرٌ , (S, O, K, TA,) He disciplined, chastised, corrected, or punished, him; (S, O, TA;) meaning he did to him that which should turn him away, or back, from evil, or foul, conduct. (Ibráheem Es-Seree, O, * TA.) And hence, (S,) He inflicted upon him a beating, or flogging, less than that prescribed by the law; (S, M, Mgh, * O, Msb, * K;) as also عَزَرَهُ , inf. n. عَزْرٌ : (TA: but only the inf. n. of the latter verb in this sense is there mentioned:) because it prevents the criminal from returning to disobedience: but whether this meaning belong only to the conventional language of the law or be implied in the proper signification, is disputed: (TA:) or he beat, or flogged, him with the utmost vehemence: (M, K:) or تَعْزِيرٌ signifies [simply] the act of beating. (A.) And one says, ضَرَبَهُ تَعْزِيرًا , meaning He beat him moderately; not exceeding the ordinary bounds. (TA in art. حل .) Also He constrained him against his will, عَلَى الأَمْرِ to do the thing, (O, K, *) and taught him by forbidding him to return to the doing of that which was at variance therewith; and so عَزَرَهُ : (IAar, O:) and he taught him the فَرَائِض and أَحْكَام [or obligatory statutes or ordinances of God]; (O;) or التَّعْزِيرُ , (Az, L,) or العَزْرُ , (K,) signifies the teaching [one] (Az, L, K) religion, (Az, L,) or بَاب الدِّين [i. e. the declaration of belief in the unity of God and in the mission of Mohammad] and the فَرَائِض and أَحْكَام . (L, K.) And He blamed, censured, or reproved, him; as also عَزَرَهُ , aor. عَزِرَ , inf. n. عَزْرٌ . (K.) And He aided, or assisted, him; as also عَزَرَهُ , inf. n. as above: (K, * TA:) and he strengthened him; (K, * TA;) and so عَزَرَهُ , inf. n. as above. (TA.) He aided him against his enemy, or enemies, by repelling the latter; (O, TA;) as also عَزَرَهُ , aor. عَزِرَ and عَزُرَ , but the former is the more chaste, inf. n. as above: (O:) or he did so time after time: or with the sword. (O, TA.) And He treated him with reverence, veneration, respect, or honour; (S, A, O, Msb, K;) and so عَزَرَهُ , aor. عَزِرَ and عَزُرَ , inf. n. as above. (O.) Also He abased him; rendered him abject, vile, despicable, or ignominious: thus it has two contr. significations. (B, TA.) And He loaded him, namely, an ass. (S.)