طغى

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 6 · 14 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 39

Lane files this root under طغو, and the entries below are that article. The Qur’ān’s own spelling is طغى.

Form 1طَغَى3 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُيَطْغَىيَطْغُوطَغَوَmaṣdarطَغْىٌ

Core sense — he exceeded the just limit; he was excessive, exorbitant, especially in disobediencegenerated

1.1he exceeded the just, or ordinary, limit; he was excessive or exorbitant—طَغَا

which is not mentioned in the K in art. طغى, though some copies mention it in art. طغو; perhaps it was dropped by the copyist.

Muḍāriʿ of this form يَطْغُو; and there is also طَغِىَ.

which belongs to the first form, though the K mentions it as of the last; and طُغْيَانٌ, which belongs to the first and second forms, or to the last; also طِغْيَانٌ, mentioned by Ks as used by some of the tribe of Kelb; or طُغْيَانٌ is a simple substantive; and طَغْيَا, given by Az as a maṣdar, apparently of the first form.

The maṣdar of the second form is طَغْوٌ or طُغُوٌّ, like عُلُوٌّ or طَغْوَى; and طَغْوَى, given as a maṣdar by Az; and طُغْوَانٌ, mentioned in the S as meaning the same as طُغْيَانٌ. The maṣdar of طَغِىَ is طَغًى.

Particularly in disobedience: he exalted himself and went beyond all bounds in disbelief; he was extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing.

El-Harállee: الطُّغْيَانُ means acting wrongfully with regard to the limits of things and their measures.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredit rose high, exceeding the ordinary limit in copiousness—طَغَى

The K has طَغِىَ, but the former is the right form; also طَغَا. Said of a torrent, or of water.

it brought much water—طَغَى

Also طَغَا. Said of a torrent. Said of the sea: its waves became raised, or agitated. Said of the blood: it became roused, or excited.

your pen has exceeded its due limit—طَغَا مِرْقَمُكَ

See art. رقم.

1.1.2it uttered a cry or cries—طَغَتِ البَقَرَةُ

. Said of the بَقَرَة, the bovine antelope called بَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِ: see طَغْيَا.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 3 shown of 12

53:17

مَا زَاغَ ٱلْبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغَىٰ

(His) sight never swerved, nor did it go wrong!

55:8

أَلَّا تَطْغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْمِيزَانِ

In order that ye may not transgress (due) balance.

79:37

فَأَمَّا مَن طَغَىٰ

Then, for such as had transgressed all bounds,

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. يَطْغَى ; (S, M, Msb, TA, &c.;) not mentioned in the K [in art. طغى , but in some copies thereof mentioned in art طغو ]; perhaps dropped by the copyist; (TA;) and طَغَا , aor. يَطْغُو ; and طَغِىَ , aor. يَطْغَى ; (S, Msb, K;) inf. n. طَغْىٌ , which is of the first, though mentioned in the K as being of the last; (TA;) and طُغْيَانٌ , (S, K,) which is also of the first, and second, (S,) or of the last, as also طِغْيَانٌ , (K,) mentioned by Ks as from some of the tribe of Kelb; (TA;) or طُغْيَانٌ is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and طَغْيَا , mentioned by Az as an inf. n. [app. of the first]; (TA;) and the inf. n. of the second is طَغْوٌ , (Msb,) or طُغُوٌّ , (K accord. to the TA,) like عُلُوٌّ , (TA,) or طَغْوَى , (so in some copies of the K,) and طَغْوَى , mentioned as an inf. n. by Az, (TA,) and طُغْوَانٌ ; (K, and mentioned in the S as syn. with طُغْيَانٌ ;) and the inf. n. of طَغِىَ is طَغًى ; (Msb, TA;) He exceeded the just, or common, limit or measure; was excessive, immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant; (S, Msb, K, TA;) [and particularly] in disobedience: (S, * Msb, * TA:) he exalted himself, and was inordinate in infidelity: he was extravagant in acts of disobedience and in wrongdoing: (K:) accord. to El-Harállee, الطُّغْيَانُ signifies the acting wrongfully in respect of the limits of things and the measures thereof. (TA.) [Hence,] طَغَى , in the K طَغِىَ , but the former is the right, (TA,) or طَغَا , (Msb,) said of a torrent, (Msb,) or of water, (K, TA,) It rose high, (Msb, K, TA,) so as to exceed the ordinary limit in copiousness: (Msb:) or طَغَى or طَغَا , (accord. to different copies of the S,) said of a torrent, it brought much water: and, said of the sea, its waves became raised, or in a state of commotion: and, said of the blood, it became roused, or excited. (S.) [Hence also the phrase طَغَا مِرْقَمُكَ Thy pen has exceeded its due limit: see art. رقم .] طَغَتِ البَقَرَةُ , (K,) aor. طَغَوَ , (TA,) means The بَقَرَة [i. e. the bovine antelope called بَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِ (see طَغْيَا )] uttered a cry or cries. (K.)

Form 4اطغاهُ1 sense

Core sense — it, or he, made him exceed the just limit, made him exorbitantgenerated

4.1

It (wealth), or he (a man), made him exceed the just, or ordinary, limit, so that he became excessive or exorbitant.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4

50:27

قَالَ قَرِينُهُۥ رَبَّنَا مَآ أَطْغَيْتُهُۥ وَلَـٰكِن كَانَ فِى ضَلَـٰلٍۭ بَعِيدٍ

His Companion will say: "Our Lord! I did not make him transgress, but he was (himself) far astray."

Show Lane's original text

It, (i. e. wealth, S,) or he, (a man, Msb,) made him to exceed the just, or common, limit or measure; to be excessive, immoderate, inordinate, or exorbitant. (S, Msb, K.)

Form 6تطاغى المَوْجُ1 sense

Core sense — the waves dashed together with excessive violencegenerated

6.1

Apparently: the waves conflicted, or dashed together, with excessive violence. A phrase mentioned by Z.

Show Lane's original text

[app. The waves conflicted, or dashed together, with excessive vehemence]: a phrase mentioned by Z. (TA.)

Derived nouns 11

Nounطَغًا1 sense

Core sense — a sound, or a voicegenerated

See the word that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows.

Nounطَغْىٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sound, or a voice; of the dialect of Hudheylgenerated

1I heard the sound, or voice, of such a one—سَمِعْتُ طَغْىَ فُلَانٍ

The copies of the K give طَغًا, but this is incorrect.

I heard the sound, or voices, of the people—سَمِعْتُ طَغْىَ القَوْمِ

These three forms are as in the "Nawádir."

I heard the sound, or voices, of the people—طَهْيَهُمْ

I heard the sound, or voices, of the people—دَغْيَهُمْ

on this sense A sound, or a voice; of the dialect of Hudheyl.

Show Lane's original text

; accord. to the copies of the K طَغًا , but this is incorrect; A sound, or voice; of the dial. of Hudheyl: one says, سَمِعْتُ طَغْىَ فُلَانٍ I heard the sound, or voice, of such a one: and, as in the “ Nawádir, ” سَمِعْتُ طَغْىَ القَوْمِ , and طَهْيَهُمْ , and دَغْيَهُمْ , I heard the sound, or voice, [or voices,] of the people, or party. (TA.)

Nounطَغْوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the top of a mountain; any high placegenerated

See the word that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows.

Nounطَغْيَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the top of a mountain; a small quantity of anything; a smooth stonegenerated

The top, or upper part, of a mountain; also any high, or elevated, place; طَغْوَةٌ has the same meaning.

The TA gives this as from the S, but only the latter word is mentioned in this sense in my copies of the S.

1.1

A small quantity of anything, according to AZ.

In this sense, and in the two senses that follow, the CK wrongly writes طَغِيَّة.

1.2

A smooth stone, or rock.

1.3

According to the copies of the K, الطَّغْيَةُ means المُسْتَصْعَبُ مِنَ الجَبَلِ, as though meaning what is deemed, or found, difficult, of the mountain; but SM says — and I think this doubtful — it is correctly مِنَ الخَيْلِ, meaning what is refractory, or unmanageable, of horses, as in the M.

Show Lane's original text

The top, or upper part, of a mountain: (S, TA:) and any high, or elevated, place; as also طَغْوَةٌ . (TA as from the S: but only the latter word is mentioned in this sense in my copies of the S.) And (S) A small quantity ( نُبْذَةٌ ) of anything: (S, K: *) so says AZ. (S. [In this sense, and in the two senses following, erroneously written in the CK طَغِيَّة .]) And A smooth stone or rock. (K.) And, accord. to the copies of the K, الطَّغْيَةُ signifies المُسْتَصْعَبُ مِنَ الجَبَلِ [as though meaning What is deemed, or found, difficult, of the mountain]: but [SM says, though I think this doubtful,] it is correctly مِنَ الخَيْلِ [meaning what is refractory, or untractable, of horses], as in the M. (TA.)

Nounطَغْوَى1 sense

Core sense — exorbitance, exceeding the just limitgenerated

1Thamood disbelieved because of their exorbitance—كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا

A substantive from the verb طَغَا; so too is طُغْيَانٌ, or else the latter is a maṣdar, and Az says the same of طَغْوَى; and so too is طَغْيَا, which Zj says is the original of طَغْوَى. It is like طُغْوَانٌ and طُغْيَانٌ.

In the Qur'ān 91:11. The meaning is that they did not believe when they were threatened with the punishment for their طُغْيَان; or, as the Exposition of Bkh says, the meaning is: because of their acts of disobedience.

Show Lane's original text

a subst. from the verb طَغَا , (K, TA,) [and] so is طُغْيَانٌ , (Msb,) or the latter is an inf. n., (S, K,) and, accord. to Az, so is طَغْوَى , and so too is طَغْيَا , which latter is said by Zj to be the original of طَغْوَى : (TA:) it is like طُغْوَانٌ and طُغْيَانٌ . (S.) Hence, in the Kur [xci. 11], كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا [Thamood disbelieved by reason of their exorbitance]; (K, * TA;) meaning that they did not believe when they were threatened with the punishment of their طُغْيَان : or, as is said in the Expos. of Bkh, the meaning is, by reason of their acts of disobedience. (TA.)

Nounطَغْيَا2 senses

Core sense — exorbitance; also a name for the bovine antelopegenerated

See the preceding word.

It is also a proper name for the bovine antelope called بَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِ, from طَغَتِ البَقَرَةُ, explained above: see the last sentence of form 1.

Or, as appears from a citation in the TA that is partly mistranscribed so as to be unintelligible, طَغْيَا or طُغْيَا means, according to IAar, a بَقَرَة uttering a cry or cries, or a loud cry or loud cries.

Or طُغْيَا, with damm according to As, or طَغْيَا, with fet-ḥ according to Th, means a youngling of the بَقَر الوَحْش.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph. It is also a proper name for [The bovine antelope called] بَقَرَةُ الوَحْشِ ; (K, TA;) from طَغَتِ البَقَرَةُ [expl. above: see 1, last sentence]: (TA:) [or, as it appears from a citation in the TA, partly mistranscribed so as to be unintelligible, طَغْيَا or طُغْيَا signifies, accord. to IAar, a بَقَرَة uttering a cry or cries, or a loud cry or loud cries:] or طُغْيَا with damm accord. to As, or طَغْيَا with fet-h accord. to Th, signifies a youngling of the بَقَر الوَحْش . (S.)

Nounطُغْيَا1 sense

Core sense — a youngling of the bovine antelopegenerated

See the preceding word, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next precedes, in two places.

Nounطُغْيَانٌ1 sense

Core sense — exorbitance, exceeding the just limitgenerated

See طَغْوَى.

Qur’ānic occurrences طُغْيَٰن 1 shown of 9

2:15

ٱللَّهُ يَسْتَهْزِئُ بِهِمْ وَيَمُدُّهُمْ فِى طُغْيَـٰنِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ

Allah will throw back their mockery on them, and give them rope in their trespasses; so they will wander like blind ones (To and fro).

Show Lane's original text

: see طَغْوَى .

Nounطَاغٍ1 sense

Core sense — one exceeding the just limit, especially in disobediencegenerated

Any one exceeding his, or its, just limit, either absolutely or in disobedience.

Show Lane's original text

Any exceeding his, or its, just limit [in an absolute sense or] in disobedience. (S, Msb.)

Nounطَاغِيَةٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — insolent, tyrannical; a thunderbolt; the cry of punishmentgenerated

1a title of the king of the Greeks of the Lower Empire—الطَّاغِيَةُ

The same as جَبَّارٌ: insolent, tyrannical, and the like; one who deviates from the right way or course, or goes beyond the just limit; also stupid, or foolish; proud; wrongful, unjust, or injurious in conduct.

Or one who does not care what he does, devouring the property of men and oppressing them, and who is not turned from his course by any wish to avoid sin or crime, nor by fear.

That is, of the رُوم. It is applied to him as a surname because of his great exorbitance and corrupt conduct.

1.1

A thunderbolt; the same as صَاعِقَةٌ.

1.2

The cry of punishment by which Thamood were destroyed, as mentioned in the Qur'ān 69:5.

Or, according to Zj, it there means their طُغْيَان, their exorbitance, being a substantive like عَافِيَةٌ and عَاقِبَةٌ.

1.3

Er-Rāghib: also the flood denoted by the words of the Qur'ān 69:11, إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى المَآءُ.

Show Lane's original text

i. q. جَبَّارٌ [i. e. Insolent, tyrannical, &c.]; (K, TA;) who deviates from the right way or course, or trangresses the just limit: (TA:) and stupid, or foolish; proud; (K, TA;) wrongful, unjust, or injurious, in conduct: (TA:) or one who cares not what he does, devouring [the property of] men, and oppressing them, and who is not turned from his course by a disposition to shun sin or crime, nor by fear. (Sh, TA.) [Hence,] الطَّاغِيَةُ is an appellation of The king of the رُوم [or Greeks of the Lower Empire]; (S, K, TA;) applied to him as a surname because of his much exorbitance, and corrupt conduct. (TA.) And A thunderbolt; syn. صَاعِقَةٌ . (S, K.) And The cry of punishment; by which Thamood were destroyed, as mentioned in the Kur [lxix. 5]: (S, TA:) or, accord. to Zj, it there means their طُغْيَان [or exorbitance]; being a subst. like عَافِيَةٌ and عَاقِبَةٌ . (TA.) Also The flood denoted by the words of the Kur [lxix. 11] إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَى المَآءُ . (Er-Rághib, TA.)

Nounطَاغُوتٌ1 sense

Core sense — a devil; an idol; whatever is worshipped instead of Godgenerated

It is of the measure فَلَعُوتٌ, from طَغَوْتُ, formed by transposition, though it is like لَاهُوتٌ, which is not so formed. It is originally of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ, which is changed to فَلَعُوتٌ, so that it becomes طَوَغُوتٌ, and this is then altered to طَاغُوتٌ.

It is held to be altered from طَوَغُوت rather than from طَغَيُوت, because the transposition of و is more common than that of ى, as in شَاكٍ and the like.

Or, as some say, the ت is a substitute for و, and the measure is فَاعُولٌ; and some say that the measure is فَاعَلُوتٌ and that it is originally طَاغَيُوتٌ.

Plural طَوَاغِيتُ and طَوَاغٍ, the latter mentioned by ISd.

It means a devil; so explained by Abu-l-'Áliyeh and others, and said to rest on the authority of 'Omar.

Er-Rāghib: one of the jinn, or genii, who is exorbitant in pride, corruptness, disbelief, or disobedience.

Or الطَّاغُوتُ means the idol called اللَّات and the idol called العُزَّى; or some explain الجِبْت and الطَّاغُوت together in this way, in the Qur'ān 4:54.

Or whatever is worshipped instead of God, or to the exclusion of God; also الجِبْتُ, and idols in general; or it is of the idols, of the jinn, and of mankind.

Er-Rāghib: he who turns away from the good way.

Also the diviner; and the enchanter — so explained by 'Ikrimeh, and said to have this meaning in the Qur'ān 4:63; and so الجِبْتُ, according to Zj.

Also any head, or leader, of error; and the exorbitant in pride, corruptness, disbelief, or disobedience, among the people of the Scripture.

It is used as a singular, as in the Qur'ān 4:63; and as a plural, as in the Qur'ān 2:259; and as masculine and as feminine, being feminine in the Qur'ān 39:19.

I'Ab: by الجِبْت is meant Hoyeí Ibn-Akhtab, and by الطَّاغُوت Kaab Ibn-El-Ashraf.

El-Háfidh, in the preface to his "Fet-h el-Bári": the plurals طَوَاغِيتُ and طَوَاغٍ sometimes mean idol temples.

Lane cites “Kur iv. 54” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

Lane cites “Kur iv. 63” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

Lane cites “Kur ii. 259” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

Lane cites “Kur xxxix. 19” — Flügel numbering, not yet mapped

Show Lane's original text

is of the measure فَلَعُوتٌ , from طَغَوْتُ ; (M, K;) formed by transposition, though like لَاهُوتٌ which is not so formed: (S:) it is originally of the measure فَعَلُوتٌ , which is changed to فَلَعُوتٌ , so that it becomes طَوَغُوتٌ , and this is then altered to طَاغُوتٌ : (Msb, TA:) it is held to be altered from طَوَغُوت rather than from طَغَيُوت because the transposition of و is more common than that of ى , as in شَاكٍ &c.: (M, TA:) or, as some say, the ت is a substitute for و , and the measure is فَاعُولٌ : and some say that the measure is فَاعَلُوتٌ , and that it is originally طَاغَيُوتٌ : (TA:) the pl. is طَوَاغِيتُ (S, K) and طَوَاغٍ , (K,) the latter mentioned by ISd. (TA.) It signifies A devil; (S, Msb, K, TA;) thus expl. by Abu-l- 'Áliyeh and others, and said to be on the authority of 'Omar: (TA:) or one that is exorbitant in pride or corruptness or disbelief or disobedience, of the jinn, or genii: (Er-Rághib, TA:) or الطَّاغُوتُ means [the idol called] اللَّات and [that called] العُزَّى ; (K;) or thus some expl. الجِبْت and الطَّاغُوت [together, in the Kur iv. 54]: (TA:) or whatever is worshipped instead, or to the exclusion, of God; (Zj, K, TA;) as also الجِبْتُ : (Zj, TA:) and the idols [in general]: (K:) or it is of the idols, and of the jinn, or genii, and of mankind: (Akh, TA:) or he who turns from the good way: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and the diviner: (S, K, TA:) and the enchanter: thus expl. by 'Ikrimeh; and said to mean thus in the Kur iv. 63: and so الجِبْتُ accord. to Zj: (TA:) and any head, or leader, of error: (S, K:) and the exorbitant in pride or corruptness or disbelief or disobedience, of the people of the Scripture: (K:) it is used as a sing., (S, K,) as in the Kur iv. 63; (S;) and as a pl., (S, K,) as in the Kur ii. 259; (S;) and masc. and fem., (Msb, TA,) as fem. in the Kur xxxix. 19: (TA:) or by الجِبْت is meant Hoyeí Ibn-Akhtab; and by الطَّاغُوت , Kaab Ibn-ElAshraf: (I'Ab, K:) and [the pls.] طَوَاغِيتُ and طَوَاغٍ signify [sometimes] idol temples: so says El-Háfidh in the preface to the “ Fet-h ” [i. e. his celebrated work entitled “ Fet-h el-Bári ”]. (TA.)