← All rootsReader's Key

طبق

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form 7  ·  26 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 4

Form 1طَبڤقَ3 senses
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarطَبَقٌ

Core sense — his arm would not be stretched out, it stuck to his sidegenerated

1.1

[طَبَقَهُ: according to Freytag, this is explained in the K as synonymous with أَطْبَقَهُ in the first of the senses given for that word below; but I find no authority for this in the K or in any other lexicon.]

1.2figurative · مجازhis arm would not be stretched out—طَبِقَتْ يَدُهُ

.

his arm stuck to his side and would not be stretched out—طَبَقَبْ

maṣdars طَبَقٌ and طَبْقٌ.

1.3he set about, or began, doing such a thing with me—طَبِقَ يَفْعَلُ بِى كَذَا

The same as طَفِقَ.

Show Lane's original text
[ طَبَقَهُ , aor. طَبِقَ , accord. to Freytag, is expl. in the K as syn. with أَطْبَقَهُ in the first of the senses assigned to this latter below: but I find no authority for this in the K nor in any other lexicon.] طَبِقَتْ يَدُهُ , (S, O, K, TA,) aor. طَبَقَ ; and طَبَقَبْ , aor. طَبُقَ ; (TA;) inf. n. (of the former, S, TA) طَبَقٌ (S, O, K, TA) and (of the latter, TA) طَبْقٌ ; (K, TA;) His arm would not be stretched forth; (S, O;) or stuck to his side, (K, TA,) and would not be stretched forth. (TA.) طَبِقَ يَفْعَلُ بِى كَذَا i. q. طَفِقَ [i. e. He set about, or began, &c., doing with me such a thing]. (O, K. *)
Form 2طبّقهُ9 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَطْبِيقٌ

Core sense — the clouds covered the sky; he made one thing match anothergenerated

2.1

. See form 4.

2.1.1the clouds covered the mid-air between the heaven and the earth—طبّق السَّحَابُ الجَوَّ
the clouds covered the sky—أَطْبَقَ الغَيْمُ السَّمَآءَ

طَبَّقَهَا means the same.

the water covered the surface of the land—طبّق المَآءُ وَجْهَ الأَرْضِ
2.1.2the thing became common, or general, in its relation, operation, or effect—طبّق الشَّىْءُ

Maṣdar as above; the same as عَمَّ.

this is rain whose fall has covered the whole extent of the land—هٰذَا مَطَرٌ طَبَّقَ الأَرْضَ

As a synonym of عَمَّ it is transitive.

the clouds rained upon the whole of the land—طبّق الغَيْمُ

Maṣdar as above; or, they made their rain common, or general, to the land.

2.1.3the making of a thing to match, correspond, or agree with another thing—تَطْبِيقٌ
2.1.4he put the two things together, face to face—طبّق بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ

See also form 3.

2.1.5putting the hands together, palm to palm, between the thighs in bowing—التَّطْبِيقُ

In the divinely-appointed act of prayer; and likewise in the act termed التَّشَهُّد. El-Harbee.

he put his hands together, palm to palm, and then put them between his thighs—طبّق

Doing this is forbidden: the hands should be placed upon the knees.

Said of a person bowing himself in prayer; also اطبق, طبّق كَفَّيْهِ, or طبّق بَيْنَ كَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُمَا بَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهِ.

2.1.6

Also the horse's raising his fore feet together and putting them down together in running.

Or, according to As, the leaping of a camel, or of a she-camel, and then alighting so that the legs fall upon the ground together; doing this is not approved.

2.1.7figurative · مجازthe camels travelled the road without turning aside from the right direction—طبّقت الإِبِلُ الطَّرِيقَ

The verb is written there without vowel points, but is evidently thus.

2.1.8figurative · مجاز — inferredthe sword hit the joint and severed the limb—طبّق السَّيْفُ

That is, طبّق السَّيْفُ المَفْصِلَ; maṣdar as above. Or: it fell between two bones.

El-Farezdak, praising El-Hajjáj and likening him to a sword, says:

shāhid
يُصَمِّمُ أَحْيَانًا وَحِينًا يُطَبِّقُ

[explained in the article صم].

he hits the argument, proof, or evidence right—يُطَبِّقُ المَفْصِلَ

This is also said of an eloquent man. AZ, under قَالَبٌ.

he hit upon the right mode of judicial decision—طَبَّقَ

And so in the text of the tradition.

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. تَطْبِيقٌ : see 4. [Hence,] طبّق السَّحَابُ الجَوَّ The clouds covered the mid-air between the heaven and the earth: (K:) and أَطْبَقَ الغَيْمُ السَّمَآءَ and طَبَّقَهَا [The clouds covered the sky]: (Mgh, TA:) both signify the same. (TA.) And طبّق المَآءُ وَجْهَ الأَرْضِ The water covered the face of the earth, or land. (K.) And طبّق الشَّىْءُ , inf. n. as above, i. q. عَمَّ [The thing was, or became, common, or general, in its relation or relations, operation or operations, effect or effects, &c.]. (K.) And as syn. with عَمَّ it is trans.: so in the phrase, هٰذَا مَطَرٌ طَبَّقَ الأَرْضَ [This is rain that has included the general extent of the land within the compass of its fall]. (TA.) And one says also, طبّق الغَيْمُ , (S, O, TA,) inf. n. as above, (S, O, K, TA,) The clouds rained upon the whole of the land; (S, O;) or made their rain common, or general, (K, TA,) to the land. (TA.) تَطْبِيقٌ also signifies The making a thing to suit, match, tally, conform, correspond, or agree, with another thing. (KL.) [And طبّق بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ He put the two things together, face to face. (See also 3.) Hence,] التَّطْبِيقُ in the divinely-appointed act of prayer is The putting the hands [together, palm to palm,] between the thighs in the act of bowing oneself; (S, O, K;) and in like manner in the act termed التَّشَهُّد [q. v.]. (El-Harbee, TA.) One says of a person bowing himself in prayer, طبّق , and likewise اطبق , (TA,) or طبّق كَفَّيْهِ , (Mgh,) or طبّق بَيْنَ كَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ وَضَعَهُمَا بَيْنَ فَخِذَيْهِ , (O,) He put his hands [together, palm to palm, ana then put them] between his thighs. (Mgh.) The doing thus is forbidden; (Mgh, O;) for the hands should be placed upon the knees. (O.) Also The horse's raising his fore feet together and putting them down together in running: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to As, the leaping of a camel, or of a she-camel, and then alighting so that the legs fall upon the ground together; the doing of which is not approved. (TA.) And طبّقت الإِبِلُ الطَّرِيقَ The camels travelled the road without declining from the right direction. (TA. [The verb is there written without any syll. sings; but is evidently thus.]) And طبّق السَّيْفُ , (S, O, TA,) [i. e. طبّق السَّيْفُ المَفْصِلَ ,] inf. n. as above, (K,) The sword hit the joint (S, O, K, TA) and severed the limb: (S, O, TA:) or fell between two bones. (TA.) A poet says, (S,) namely, El-Farezdak, praising El-Hajjáj, and likening him to a sword, (O,) 1 [expl. in art. صم ]. (S, O.) Hence, يُطَبِّقُ المَفْصِلَ means He hits aright the argument, proof, or evidence: (S, O:) and this is also said of an eloquent man. (AZ, TA voce قَالَبٌ , q. v.) Hence also, طَبَّقَ alone, He hit upon the right mode of judicial decision: (O, TA:) and the text of the tradition. (TA.) يُصَمِّمُ أَحْيَانًا وَحِينًا يُطَبِّقُ
Form 3مُطَابَقَةٌ9 senses · 1 main
maṣdarمُطَابَقَةٌ

Core sense — putting one thing upon another of equal measure; correspondence, agreementgenerated

3.1I sewed another sole upon the sole of the sandal—طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ
I made the two things of equal measure and stuck them together—طَابَقْتُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ
he put on two shirts, one over the other—طابق بَيْنَ قَمِيصَيْنِ

Er-Rāghib: the putting of a thing upon, or above, another thing of the same measure.

As explained in Bd 67:3.

In like manner صَافَقَ بَيْنَهُمَا, طَارَقَ, and ظَاهَرَ. See the article ظهر.

3.1.1it matched it, corresponded with it, and was equal to it—طابقهُ

Maṣdars مُطَابَقَةٌ and طِبَاقٌ. Or: it was like it in measure, size, or quantity.

3.1.2this is an answer, or a reply, suitable to the question—هٰذَا جَوَابٌ يُطَابِقُ السُّؤَالَ
3.1.3she complied with the desire of her husband—طابقت زَوْجَهَا

Said of a woman.

she became submissive to him who desired her—طابقت

Said of a she-camel and of a woman.

3.1.4he obeyed me with respect to my right, or due, and hastened to render it—طابق لِى بِحَقِّى

Or: he acknowledged my right, or due, to me willingly.

3.1.5he combined with him, and aided him, to do the thing—طابقهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ

Or simply: he aided him to do it.

3.1.6he became accustomed, or inured, to the work—طابق عَلَى العَمَلِ
3.1.7his putting his hind feet in the places that were those of his fore feet—مُطَابَقَةٌ

Said of a horse in his running, and in like manner of a camel.

3.1.8figurative · مجاز

And from this: walking as one shackled, that is, with short steps. [See an example under حِجْلٌ.]

Show Lane's original text
signifies The putting a thing upon, or above, or over, another thing commensurate therewith: whence the phrase, طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [i. e., as expl. in Bd lxvii. 3, I sewed another sole upon the sole or sandal]. (Er-Rághib, TA.) [Hence] one says also, طَابَقْتُ بَيْنَ الشَّيْئَيْنِ I made the two things commensurate, and stuck them together. (S, O. [See also 2.]) And طابق بَيْنَ قَمِيصَيْنِ He put on, or attired himself with, two shirts, one over, or outside, the other; (K, TA;) and in like manner صَافَقَ بَيْنَهُمَا , and طَارَقَ , (TA,) and ظَاهَرَ . (A &c. in art. ظهر .) And طابقهُ , (K, TA,) inf. n. مُطَابَقَةٌ (S, O, K, TA) and طِبَاقٌ , (K, TA,) It suited, matched, tallied, conformed, corresponded, or agreed, with it; (S, * O, * K, TA;) and was equal to it; or was like it in measure, size, quantity, or the like. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, هٰذَا جَوَابٌ يُطَابِقُ السُّؤَالَ [This is an answer, or a reply, that is suitable to the question]. (TA.) And طابقت زَوْجَهَا She (a woman) complied with [the desire of] her husband: and طابقت said of a she-camel, and of a woman, She was, or became, submissive to him who desired her. (TA.) And طابق لِى بِحَقِّى He obeyed me with respect to my right, or due, and hastened to render it; or he acknowledged to me my right, or due, willingly. (TA.) And طابقهُ عَلَى الأَمْرِ He combined with him, and aided him, to do the thing: or [simply] he aided him to do it. (TA.) And طابق عَلَى العَمَلِ He became accustomed, habituated, or inured, to the work. (S, * O, * TA.) مُطَابَقَةٌ , of a horse, (S, O, K,) in his running, (S, O,) and in like manner of a camel, as in the A, (TA,) means His putting his hind feet in the places that were those of his fore feet. (S, O, K.) And (hence, TA) The walking as one shackled; (S, O, K, TA;) i. e., with short steps. (TA.) [See an ex. voce حِجْلٌ .]
Form 4اطبقهُ12 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he covered it; he closed it; he made it continual upon himgenerated

4.1he covered it—طبّقهُ

The like is said in several other articles in other lexicons.

Maṣdar تَطْبِيقٌ: he made it to be covered; he put the طَبَق, that is, the cover, upon it, said of a jar or the like.

I put the upper millstone upon the lower—اطبقتُ الرَّحَى
4.1.1

See also form 2, second sentence.

[This last example shows that اطبقهُ sometimes means it covered it, in the sense that it became a cover, or like a cover, to it; and اطبق عَلَيْهِ has this meaning too, as do انطبق عليه and تطبّق عليه.]

4.1.2figurative · مجازinsanity veiled, or wholly obscured, his reason—اطبق عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ
the fever became continual upon him—اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى

It did not leave him night or day.

4.1.3figurative · مجازthey agreed together respecting the thing, or to do the affair—اطبقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ

And so تطابقوا عَلَيْهِ.

4.1.4they came round about him—اطبقوا عَلَيْهِ
4.1.5the serpent wound itself round upon him—اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحَيَّةُ

See طَبَقٌ, last sentence.

4.1.6the stars appeared, and were numerous—اطبقت النُّجُومُ

As though they were like a cover, or as though they were stage above stage.

4.1.7he made it cover it, that is, be a cover, or like a cover, upon it—اطبقهُ عَلَيْهِ
he made the opposite part of the palate cover the place of utterance of the letter on the tongue—أَطْبَقَ عَلَى مَخْرَجِ الحَرْفِ مِنَ اللِّسَانِ مَا حَاذَاهُ مِنَ الحَنَكِ

That is, he put that part of his tongue close beneath the opposite part of the palate.

4.1.8figurative · مجازHe made punishment come upon them all, so that none of them escaped—أَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِمُ العَذَابَ

Said of God, as though He made it cover them.

Lane cites “Jel in xci. 14” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
4.1.9figurative · مجاز — inferredGod made the fever continual upon him—أَطْبَقَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى
God made insanity continual upon him—الجُنُونَ

on this sense The verb is used both intransitively and transitively; but no classical authority has been found for the transitive use in this and similar senses.

4.1.10figurative · مجاز — inferredhe closed the door—اطبق البَابَ

See the article وصد and the like.

close your lips; that is, be silent—أَطْبِقْ شَفَتَيْكَ
he closed, or shut, the book—اطبق الكِتَابَ
he folded the garment, or piece of cloth, together—اطبق الثَّوْبَ

on this sense See also form 2, in the middle of the paragraph.

4.2how skilful he is!—مَا أَطْبَقَهُ

With لِكَذَا: for the performance of such a thing.

The form is طَبَّقَ المَفْصِلَ.

Show Lane's original text
He covered it; (S, O, K;) as also طبّقهُ , inf. n. تَطْبِيقٌ ; (K;) [i. e.] he made it to be covered; (S, O;) he put the طَبَق , i. e. cover, upon it, namely, a jar [or the like]. (Mgh. [And the like is said in several other arts. in other lexicons.]) And اطبقتُ الرَّحَى I put the upper mill-stone upon the lower. (TA.) See also 2, second sentence. [This last ex. shows that اطبقهُ signifies sometimes It covered it as meaning it became a cover, or like a cover, to it; and اطبق عَلَيْهِ likewise has this meaning; as also انطبق عليه , and تطبّق عليه .] [Hence,] one says, اطبق عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ (Msb, TA) Insanity covered [i. e. veiled, or wholly obscured,] his reason, or intellect. (TA.) And اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى (Mgh, O, TA) The fever was, or became, continual upon him, not quitting him night nor day. (TA.) اطبقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ means They combined consentaneously, or agreed together, respecting, or to do, the thing, or affair; (S, * Mgh, * O, * Msb, TA; *) and so تطابقوا عَلَيْهِ . (MA.) And اطبقوا عَلَيْهِ They came round about him. (MA.) [And اطبقت عَلَيْهِ الحَيَّةُ The serpent wound itself round upon him. (See طَبَقٌ , last sentence.)] And اطبقت النُّجُومُ The stars appeared, and were numerous; (O, K, TA;) [as though they were like a cover; or] as though they were stage above stage ( طَبَقَةٌ فَوْقَ طَبَقَةٍ ). (TA.) [ اطبقهُ عَلَيْهِ signifies He made it to cover it; i. e., to be a cover, or like a cover, upon it.] You say, أَطْبَقَ عَلَى مَخْرَجِ الحَرْفِ مِنَ اللِّسَانِ مَا حَاذَاهُ مِنَ الحَنَكِ [He made to cover the part of the tongue which was the place of utterance of the letter what was opposite to it of the palate; i. e. he put that part of his tongue close beneath the opposite part of the palate]. (O.) [Hence,] أَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِمُ العَذَابَ , said of God, He made punishment to fall, or come, upon them in common, or universally, [as though He made it to cover them,] so that none of them escaped. (Jel in xci. 14.) And أَطْبَقَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الحُمَّى , and الجُنُونَ , God made the fever to be continual upon him, and in like manner insanity: the verb being used as intrans. and trans. (Msb. [But its author adds that he had not found this: meaning that he had not found any classical authority for the trans. use of the verb in this and similar senses.]) One says also, اطبق البَابَ [He closed the door]. (Msb and K in art. وصد ; &c.) And أَطْبِقْ شَفَتَيْكَ [Close thy lips;] i. e. be thou silent. (TA.) [And اطبق الكِتَابَ He closed, or shut, the book. And اطبق الثَّوْبَ He folded together the garment, or piece of cloth.] See also 2, in the middle of the paragraph. مَا أَطْبَقَهُ How skilful is he (O, K) لِكَذَا [for the performance of such a thing]! (O) is form طَبَّقَ المَفْصِلَ . (JK.)
Form 5تطبّق2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became covered; it became a cover over somethinggenerated

5.1

See form 7.

5.1.1if the heaven became a cover upon the earth, I would not do such a thing—لَوْ تَطَبَّقَتِ السَّمَآءُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مَا فَعَلْتُ كَذَا

تطبّق عَلَيْهِ: see form 4.

Show Lane's original text
: see 7. تطبّق عَلَيْهِ : see 4. [Hence,] one says, لَوْ تَطَبَّقَتِ السَّمَآءُ عَلَى الأَرْضِ مَا فَعَلْتُ كَذَا [If the heaven became as a cover upon the earth, I would not do such a thing]. (S, O.)
Form 6تطابق الشَّيْآنِ1 sense

Core sense — the two things matched and corresponded with each othergenerated

6.1

The two things matched, corresponded, and agreed with each other, and were equal to each other; or were like each other in measure, size, or quantity.

And تطابقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ: see form 4.

Show Lane's original text
The two things suited, matched, tallied, conformed, corresponded, or agreed, each with the other; (S, * O, * TA;) and were equal, each to the other; or were like each other in measure, size, quantity, or the like. (TA.) And تطابقوا عَلَى الأَمْرِ : see 4.
Form 7انطبق5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it became covered; it became closedgenerated

7.1

It became covered; it was made to be covered; or the طَبَق, that is, the cover, was put upon it.

Quasi-passive of أَطْبَقَهُ; and so is تطبّق.

7.1.1

And it became closed; said of a door and the like.

7.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredspeech is as though it were closed against him; he is impeded in his speech, unable to speak—يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ

The same as يَنْغَلِقُ.

7.1.3

See also form 4.

7.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferredit applies to such and such things or subjects—يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا

Said of a rule.

Show Lane's original text
It was, or became, covered; (O, K;) [i. e.] it was made to be covered;] or it had the طَبَق , i. e. cover, put upon it;] quasi-pass. of أَطْبَقَهُ ; (O;) and so تطبّق . (S, O, K.) [And It became closed; said of a door, &c. Hence,] يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الكَلَامُ i. q. يَنْغَلِقُ [Speech is as though it were closed against him; i. e. he is impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tonguetied]. (O.) See also 4. [Hence one says of a rule, يَنْطَبِقُ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا It applies to such and such things or subjects.]

Derived nouns 19

Nounطَبْقٌ2 senses

Core sense — a cover, a lid; wrongdoing by false pretencegenerated

1

For an example in the accusative case, see the phrase وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبْقًا under طَبَقٌ, last quarter of the paragraph.

2doing wrong, or injuring, by false pretence or false allegation—طَبْقٌ

So explained by IAar.

Show Lane's original text
: see an ex. of the accus. case, in the phrase وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبْقًا , voce طَبَقٌ , last quarter. طَبْقٌ is also expl., by IAar, as meaning The doing wrong, or injuring, by false pretence or false allegation. (TA.)
Nounطِبْقٌ8 senses · 4 main

Core sense — a match, an equal; a space of the day or night; bird-limegenerated

1

See طَبَقٌ, in the latter part of the first half of the paragraph.

1.1

طِبْقُ الأَرْضِ: see طِبَاقٌ.

1.2this thing is the match of this; what suits or corresponds with this—هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طِبْقُ هٰذَا

Also طَبَقُهُ, طِبَاقُهُ, طَبِيقُهُ, طَابَقُهُ, and مُطْبَقُهُ, all the same as مُطَابِقُهُ: what is equal to this, or the like of this in measure, size, or quantity.

1.3a space, or period, of the day—طِبْقٌ

The space or period is termed سَاعَةٌ; and طِبْقَةٌ is used in the same sense.

a space, or period, of the night—طَبِيقٌ
I remained at his abode during a space, or period, of the day—أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ طِبْقًا مِنَ النَّهَارِ

Also طِبْقَةً, the period being termed سَاعَةً. Ibn-'Abbād.

And طِبْقًا, with kesr, or طَبَقًا and طَبِيقًا, meaning a while, or a long time — the same as مَلِيًّا. Ibn-'Abbād.

he came to us after a space, or period, of the night—أَتَانَا بَعْدَ طِبْقٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ

According to the L; also طَبِيق, the period being termed حِينٍ.

he came to us after a space, or period, of the day—مِنَ النَّهَارِ

The plural of طَبِيقٌ is طُبْقٌ.

[See also طَبَقٌ, in or near the middle of the paragraph.]

2

Also bird-lime; a dialectal variant of دِبْقٌ.

And the fruit of a certain kind of tree [apparently the berries of the viscum, or mistletoe, from which bird-lime is mostly prepared, and which are called دِبْق today].

And anything with which a thing is stuck, or made to stick.

And particularly a substance to which the outer layer of the pearl is stuck so that it becomes like it; also مُطَبَّقٌ.

2.1

Ibn-'Abbād: snares for birds, or things with which birds are caught, like فِخَاخ; also طِبَقٌ, of which the singular is طِبْقَةٌ.

3

Also a road, or way.

4

And the same as دَسْتُور [as a Persian word, generally meaning permission, or leave, as Golius explains it here]. For these two meanings I have found no other authority.

Show Lane's original text
: see طَبَقٌ , in the latter part of the former half. طِبْقُ الأَرْضِ : see طِبَاقٌ . هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طِبْقُ هٰذَا , (IAar, O, K, *) and طَبَقُهُ , and طِبَاقُهُ , (IAar, * O, * K,) and طَبِيقُهُ , (IAar, O, K,) and طَابَقُهُ , and مُطْبَقُهُ , (IAar, O, TA,) i. q. مُطَابِقُهُ [i. e. This thing is the match of this; or what suits, matches, tallies, conforms, corresponds, or agrees, with this; what is equal to this; or the like of this in measure, size, quantity, or the like]. (IAar, O, K, TA.) طِبْقٌ signifies also A space, or period, ( سَاعَةٌ ,) of the day; and so طِبْقَةٌ : and طَبِيقٌ signifies the same of the night: (K:) you say, أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ طِبْقًا مِنَ النَّهَارِ , and طِبْقَةً , I remained at his abode during a space, or period, ( سَاعَةً ,) of the day: (Ibn-'Abbád, O:) and طِبْقًا , (K, TA,) with kesr, (TA,) or طَبَقًا , (so in the O,) and طَبِيقًا , i. e. a while, or a long time, syn. مَلِيًّا : (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) or, accord. to the L, one says, أَتَانَا بَعْدَ طِبْقٍ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ , and طَبِيق , he came to us after a space, or period, ( حِينٍ ,) of the night; and in like manner, مِنَ النَّهَارِ of the day: (TA:) the pl. of طَبِيقٌ is طُبْقٌ . (K.) [See also طَبَقٌ , in, or near, the middle of the paragraph.] Also Bird-lime; a dial. var. of دِبْقٌ . (IDrd, O, K.) And The fruit of a certain kind of tree [app. meaning the berries of the viscum, or mistletoe, of which birdlime is mostly prepared, and which are called دِبْق in the present day]. (K.) And Anything with which a thing is stuck, or made to stick. (K.) And [particularly] A thing [or substance] to which the exterior lamina of the pearl is stuck so that it becomes like it; as also مُطَبَّقٌ . (TA.) And Snares for birds, or things with which birds are caught; (Ibn-'Abbád, O;) like فِخَاخ ; as also طِبَقٌ ; of which [latter] the sing is طِبْقَةٌ . (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K.) Also A road, or way: and i. q. دَسْتُور [as a Pers. word, generally meaning Permission, or leave, as expl. by Golius in this instance]. (KL. [But for these two significations I have not found any other authority.])
Nounطَبَقٌ19 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a cover, or lid; a dish, or plate; a layer, or stage; a stategenerated

1a water-skin that had become old and worn out suited its cover—وَافَقَ شَنٌّ طَبَقَهْ

A thing equal to another thing of any kind in its measure, so that it covers the whole extent of it like a lid: this is the primary meaning.

One says هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طَبَقُ هٰذَا, like طِبْقُهُ.

And hence: the cover, or lid, of a jar, or of anything. Plural أَطْبَاقٌ, and طِبَاقٌ, which is mentioned as a plural of طَبَقٌ in another but similar sense, given below, though it is better known as a plural of طَبَقَةٌ.

أَطْبِقَةٌ is added as another plural in the K, but SM says this is strange and that he did not find it in the other lexicons; the right reading may be وَأَطْبَقَهُ, as synonymous with what immediately follows it there, that is, وَطَبَّقَهُ.

A proverb, explained by As as said of a company of men who had a skin water-bag that had become old and worn out, so they made a طَبَق, or cover, for it.

Or شَنٌّ and طَبَقٌ [in the O طبقه] were two tribes; and, as ISd says, شَنٌّ does not here mean a water-skin, for a water-skin has no طَبَق.

Or طَبَقَهٌ is for طَبَقَةَ, and طَبَقَةُ was an intelligent woman whom an intelligent man took as his wife.

1.1

Also a household utensil: a dish, or plate — perhaps so called because the cover of a cooking-vessel is often used as a dish or plate; the thing upon which and in which one eats, and the thing upon which fruit is placed, and likewise a round tray or the like.

Plurals أَطْبَاقٌ and طِبَاقٌ.

1.2figurative · مجازI concealed it beneath the layers, or strata, of the earth or dust—دَفَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ

The surface of the earth, considered as a cover; and in like manner, a layer, or stratum, of earth.

Explained as أَخْفَيْتُهُ تَحْتَ أَطْبَاقِ التُّرَابِ.

See also طَبَقَةٌ.

1.3figurative · مجاز

The outer part of a woman's genitals, considered as a cover. Ibn-'Abbād.

1.4

A fold, a ply, or an overlapping part, of a thing. [See حَفِثٌ.]

1.5figurative · مجاز

And hence, apparently, a roller of the sea: see آذِىٌّ.

1.6the backbones of the hypocrites will be as though they were one vertebra—تَبْقَى أَصْلَابُ المُنَافِقِينَ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا

A thin bone, or cartilage, that forms a division between any two vertebrae; what is between any two vertebrae of a horse and the like. Plural أَطْبَاقٌ.

Some say: the vertebrae altogether; and some say: a vertebra, in any part.

Said in a tradition about the day of resurrection.

Or, as some say, طَبَقَةً, and طَبَقٌ is the plural, or collective noun. [See also form 1 in the article عقم.]

1.7

And any of the successively overlapping cartilages of the windpipe. Plural أَطْبَاقٌ.

1.8the heavens are stages one above another—السَّمٰوَاتُ طِبَاقٌ

Any of the stages of Hell — every one except the lowest imagined to be like a cover over another; and in like manner, any of the seven heavens.

Every heaven except the lowest being like a طبق to another; or this is said because they are conformable, one with another.

who has created seven heavens placed one above another—اَلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا

In the Qur'ān 67:3. طباقا is the maṣdar of طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ, used as an adjective; or it stands for طُوبِقَتْ طِبَاقًا or ذَاتَ طِبَاقٍ, plural of طَبَقٌ or of طَبَقَةٌ.

Qur’ān 67:3 approximate — somewhere between 67:1 and 67:5 Lane cites “Kur lxvii. 3”
Qur’ān 67:3 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَـٰوَٰتٍ طِبَاقًا ۖ مَّا تَرَىٰ فِى خَلْقِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ مِن تَفَـٰوُتٍ ۖ فَٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرَىٰ مِن فُطُورٍ

He Who created the seven heavens one above another: No want of proportion wilt thou see in the Creation of (Allah) Most Gracious. So turn thy vision again: seest thou any flaw?Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.9

Any of the bones of the head, because they compose a covering; or أَطْبَاقُ الرَّأْسِ means the bones of the head because they suit one another and have certain parts of them inserted and fixed into other parts. [See form 8 in the article شجر.]

1.10

Any joint of a limb. Plural أَطْبَاقٌ.

1.11

A collective number of men, and of locusts; also طِبْقٌ, which As explains thus in relation to men.

Or a multitude of men, and of locusts, apparently considered as covering a space of ground; or a company of men equal with a company like them.

1.12

A generation of mankind; or the people of one time — the same as قَرْنٌ and عَالَمٌ.

El-'Abbās says: [When a generation passes away, a generation appears in its place]

shāhid
إِذَا مَضَى عَالَمٌ بَدَا طَبَقُ

[metre مُنْسَرِح], that is, إِذَا مَضَى قَرْنٌ بَدَا قَرْنٌ.

The قَرْن are called طَبَق because they are a طَبَق, a cover, to the earth; then they pass away and another طَبق comes.

Or, as IAar says, طَبَقٌ means a people after a people.

And a قَرْن, a generation, of time; or twenty years; or, according to the book of El-Hejeree, on the authority of I'Ab, طَبَقَةٌ has this latter meaning.

1.13figurative · مجاز — inferredthe land became covered with water over its surface—أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا

A rain that fills and covers the land, or that is general and of wide extent; called by the poet Imra-el-Keys طَبَقُ الأَرْضِ; or a lasting rain, consecutive in its falls.

1.14

A main portion of the night and of the day.

Or, according to the Mufradāt of Er-Rāghib, طَبَقُ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ means سَاعَاتُهُ المطابقة — apparently a miscopying for المُتَطَابِقَةُ, and meaning the matching, or equal, portions of the night and of the day. See also طِبْقٌ.

1.15figurative · مجازyou will assuredly enter upon state after state, and category after category—لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَنْ طَبَقٍ

And a state, or condition; also طَبَقَةٌ, whose plural is طِبَاقٌ; the plural of the former in this sense is أَطْبَاقٌ.

In the Qur'ān 84:19; on the day of resurrection. The state is termed طَبَق because it will fill the hearts, as though its dread covered them, or will nearly do so; and عَنْ is put here, as in many other places, for بَعْدَ.

Or the meaning is: one after another of similar states of hardship; or degrees of hardship after degrees of it, طَبَقٌ on this rendering being regarded as a plural, or collective noun, of طَبَقَةٌ.

Or: you will assuredly mount upon the heaven in one state after another; for the heaven will be like مُهْل, and then successively in other states. So says Aboo-Bekr.

Er-Rāghib: it points to the various successive states of man in the present world from his creation, and in the world to come until his resting in one of the two abodes, Paradise or Hell.

Or, according to Ibn-Abi-l-Hadeed, it means: you will assuredly enter upon difficulty after difficulty; as related by MF, and the same is said by Az on the authority of I'Ab.

Some read لَتَرْكَبَنَّ, meaning: you, Mohammad, will assuredly mount upon stage after stage of the stages of heaven.

I'Ab and Ibn-Mes'ood read لَتَرْكَبِنَّ, with kesr to the ب, which is according to the dialect of Temeem; Keys, Asad and Rabee'ah pronounce the first letter of the future with kesr except when it is ى.

'Omar read لَيَرْكَبَنَّ, either as relating to the Prophet or as referring to the person mentioned in verses 10–15 of the same chapter.

he passed the night watching the state of the stars in their course—بَاتَ يَرْعَى طَبَقَ النُّجُومِ

Or طَبَقُ النُّجُومِ means the falling, or setting, of stars after other stars; or, according to Es-Sadoosee, the rising of one star and the setting of another, and a collective number of them after a collective number of others; and such, he says, are termed طَبَقَاتٌ مِنَ النُّجُومِ.

Qur’ān 70:8 approximate — somewhere between 70:1 and 70:17 Lane cites “Kur lxx. 8”
1.16the camels came following one another, in a single line—جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا

That is, عَلَى خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ; see the article خف.

the sheep, or goats, brought forth one after another—وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبَقًا

Also طَبْقًا.

El-Umawee says that when they do this one says وَلَدَتْهَا الرُّجَيْلَآءِ, وَلَدَتْهَا طَبَقًا, and طَبَقَةً: they brought forth their young ones one after another.

1.17those who are remote and remotely related will be brought into close connection, and the ties of relationship will be severed—يُوْصَلُ الأَطْبَاقُ وَيُقْطَعُ الأَرْحَامُ

The plural الأَطْبَاقُ also means those who are remote, and those who are remotely connected.

So in a tradition about the signs of the resurrection, or of the time of it.

1.18figurative · مجازa female tortoise—بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ

Apparently so called because of the cover of her back. The Arabs assert that she lays ninety-nine eggs, all of them tortoises, and one egg which discloses a serpent such as is termed an أَسْوَد; or, according to Az, sixty-nine eggs, the seventieth being a viper.

So in a marginal note in one of my copies of the S, where the name is written بِنْتُ طَبَقَ instead of بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ.

a calamity—إِحْدَى بَنَاتِ طَبَقٍ

Also بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ; and بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ means calamities [like مُطْبِقَاتٌ], as well as tortoises, and serpents; and أُمُّ طَبَقٍ likewise means calamity — see the article طرق.

Or, according to Eth-Thaʿālibee, طَبَقُ — thus, imperfectly inflected, as written in the L — means a yellow serpent.

And أُمُّ طَبَقٍ and بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ are said to mean the serpent, because of its coiling itself round.

Or بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ is applied to serpents because they wind themselves round upon the one they bite; or, as some say, because the حَوَّآء confines them beneath the lids of the leather-covered baskets; or, as Z says, because they resemble the طَبَق, that is, the cover, or dish, when they coil themselves round.

Qur’ānic occurrences طَبَق
67:3
ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَـٰوَٰتٍ طِبَاقًا ۖ مَّا تَرَىٰ فِى خَلْقِ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ مِن تَفَـٰوُتٍ ۖ فَٱرْجِعِ ٱلْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرَىٰ مِن فُطُورٍ

He Who created the seven heavens one above another: No want of proportion wilt thou see in the Creation of (Allah) Most Gracious. So turn thy vision again: seest thou any flaw?

71:15
أَلَمْ تَرَوْا۟ كَيْفَ خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ سَبْعَ سَمَـٰوَٰتٍ طِبَاقًا

"'See ye not how Allah has created the seven heavens one above another,

84:19
لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَن طَبَقٍ

Ye shall surely travel from stage to stage.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A thing that is the equal of another thing (Msb, K) of any kind (K) in its measure so that it covers the whole extent of the latter like the lid: this is its primary signification: (Msb:) [whence] one says, هٰذَا الشَّىْءُ طَبَقُ هٰذَا , like طِبْقُهُ , q. v.: (IAar, O, K:) and [hence] it signifies The cover, or lid, (Mgh, K,) of a jar, (Mgh,) or of anything: (K:) pl. أَطْبَاقٌ (S, * O, * K) [and طِبَاقٌ , mentioned in the Msb as a pl. of طَبَقٌ in another, but similar, sense, which will be found in what follows, but better known as a pl. of طَبَقَةٌ ], and أَطْبِقَةٌ is added as another pl. in the K, but [SM says] this is strange; I have not found it in the [other] lexicons; and it may be that the right reading is وَأَطْبَقَهُ , as syn. with what immediately there follows it, i. e. وَطَبَّقَهُ . (TA.) وَافَقَ شَنٌّ طَبَقَهْ is [a prov.] expl. (O, K, TA) by As (O, TA) as said of a company of men who had a receptacle of skin [i. e. a water-skin] that had become old and worn out, wherefore they made a طَبَق [or cover] for it: (O, K, TA:) [so that the meaning is, A water-skin that had become old and worn out suited its cover:] or شَنٌّ and طَبَقٌ [in the O طبقه ] were two tribes; (S, * O, K * TA;) and, as ISd says, شَنٌّ does not here mean a water-skin, for this has no طَبَق : (TA:) or [ طَبَقَهٌ is for طَبَقَةَ , and] طَبَقَةُ was an intelligent woman, whom an intelligent man took as his wife. (O, K, TA. [See Freytag's Arab. Prov., ii. 800.]) Also A certain household utensil; (Msb;) [i. e. a dish, or plate; perhaps thus called because the cover of a cooking-vessel is often used as a dish or plate;] the thing upon which one eats, (K, TA,) and in which one eats; and the thing upon which fruit is placed [i. e. a dish, or plate, used for that purpose; and likewise a round tray, and the like]: (TA:) pl. أَطْبَاقٌ and طِبَاقٌ . (Msb.) The surface of the earth [considered as a cover]. (K, TA.) [And in like manner applied to A layer, or stratum, of earth. دَفَنْتُ الشَّىْءَ is expl. in the Msb as meaning أَخْفَيْتُهُ تَحْتَ أَطْبَاقِ التُّرَابِ I concealed it beneath the layers, or strata, of the earth, or dust. See also طَبَقَةٌ .] The exterior part of the pudendum muliebre [considered as a cover]. (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K, TA.) A fold, a ply, or an overlapping part, of a thing. (PS. [See حَفِثٌ .]) [And hence, app., A roller of the sea: see آذِىٌّ .] A thin bone [or cartilage] that forms a division between any two vertebræ: (S, O, K:) what is between any two vertebræ of a horse [&c.]: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ : (Kr:) and some say, the vertebræ altogether: and some say, a vertebra, in any part. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the day of resurrection, تَبْقَى أَصْلَابُ المُنَافِقِينَ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا , meaning [The backbones of the hypocrites shall be (lit. continue to be) as though they were] one vertebra: or, as some say, طَبَقَةً ; and [they say that] طَبَقٌ is the pl. [or coll. gen. n.]. (O. [See also 1 in art. عقم .]) [And Any of the successively-superimposed cartilages of the windpipe: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ . (See حَنْجَرَةٌ , in art. حجر ; and see also حُلْقُومٌ .)] Any of the stages of Hell [whereof every one except the lowest is imagined to be like a cover over another]. (TA.) [And in like manner, Any of the Seven Heavens:] one says, السَّمٰوَاتُ طِبَاقٌ , meaning The Heavens are [composed of stages] one above another; (S, O, Msb; *) every heaven [except the lowest] being like a طبق to another: (Msb:) or this is said because of their being conformable, one with another: (K:) and it is said in the Kur lxvii. 3, اَلَّذِى خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا , meaning [Who hath created seven heavens] placed one above another; طباقا being the inf. n. of طَابَقْتُ النَّعْلَ [q. v.], used as an epithet; or for طُوبِقَتْ طِبَاقًا ; or ذَاتَ طِبَاقٍ , pl. of طَبَقٌ or of طَبَقَةٌ . (Bd.) [Any of the bones of the head; because they compose a covering: or] أَطْبَاقُ الرَّأْسِ means the bones of the head because they suit one another and have certain parts of them inserted and infixed into other parts. (TA. [See 8 in art. شجر .]) Any joint of a limb: pl. أَطْبَاقٌ . (As, TA.) A collective number of men, and of locusts; (S, O, K;) as also طِبْقٌ , (K,) which is thus expl. by As in relation to men: (TA:) or a multitude of men, and of locusts: (K:) [app. considered as covering a space of ground:] or a company of men that are equal with a company like them. (ISd, TA.) A generation of mankind; or the people of one time; syn. قَرْنٌ and عَالَمٌ ; as in the saying of El- 'Abbás, 1 [metre مُنْسَرِح ] i. e. إِذَا مَضَى قَرْنٌ بَدَا قَرْنٌ [When a generation passes away, a generation appears in its place]: the قَرْن being called طَبَق because they are a طَبَق [i. e. cover] to the earth: then they pass away and another طَبق comes: (O, TA:) or, as IAar says, طَبَقٌ signifies a people after a people. (TA.) And (TA) A قَرْن [i. e. generation] of time: or twenty years: (K, TA:) or, as in the book of El-Hejeree, on the authority of I'Ab, طَبَقَةٌ has this latter meaning. (TA.) إِذَا مَضَى عَالَمٌ بَدَا طَبَقُ A rain such as fills and covers the earth, or land; (TA;) or such as is general, (S, O, K, TA,) and of wide extent; termed by a poet (namely, Imra-el-Keys, O, TA) طَبَقُ الأَرْضِ : (S, O, TA:) or a lasting rain, consecutive in its falls. (Msb.) And أَصْبَحَتِ الأَرْضُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا means [The land became, or became in the morning,] covered with water over its surface. (TA.) A main portion of the night and of the day: (S, O, K:) or, accord. to the Mufradát [of Er-Rághib], طَبَقُ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ signifies سَاعَاتُهُ المطابقة [app. a mistranscription for المُتَطَابِقَةُ , and meaning the commensurate, or similar, or equal, portions of the night and of the day]. (TA.) See also طِبْقٌ . And A state, or condition; (S, O, K, TA;) as also طَبَقَةٌ , of which the pl. is طِبَاقٌ : the pl. of the former in this sense is أَطْبَاقٌ . (TA.) Hence the phrase, لَتَرْكَبُنَّ طَبَقًا عَنْ طَبَقٍ , (S, O, K, TA,) in the Kur [lxxxiv. 19], meaning [Ye shall assuredly enter upon] state after state, (S, * O, TA,) and predicament after predicament; as in the A; (TA;) on the day of resurrection; (S;) the state being termed طَبَق because it will fill the hearts [as though the dread thereof covered them], or will be near to doing so; (O, TA;) and عَنْ being put in this instance, as it is in many others, in the place of بَعْدَ : (TA:) or the meaning is, one after another of similar states of hardship: or it may be, degrees of hardship after degrees thereof; طَبَقٌ accord. to this rendering being regarded as pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of طَبَقَةٌ : (Ksh and Bd:) or [ye shall assuredly mount upon] the heaven in one state after another state; for it (the heaven) shall be like مُهْل [i. e. molten brass or iron &c., as is said in the Kur lxx. 8,] and then successively in other states: (O, TA:) so says Aboo-Bekr: accord. to Er-Rághib, it points to the various successive states of man in the present world from his creation, and in the world to come until his resting in one of the two abodes [Paradise or Hell]: or, accord. to Ibn-Abi-l- Hadeed, it means [ye shall assuredly enter upon] difficulty after difficulty; as is related by MF; and the same is said by Az on the authority of I'Ab: (TA:) some read لَتَرْكَبَنَّ , meaning thou, O Mohammad, shalt assuredly mount upon stage after stage of the stages ( أَطْبَاق ) of heaven; and I'Ab and Ibn-Mes-ood read لَتَرْكَبِنَّ , with kesr to the ب , which is accord. to the dial. of Temeem, and Keys and Asad and Rabee'ah pronounce the first letter of the future with kesr except when it is ى : 'Omar read لَيَرْكَبَنَّ , either as relating to the Prophet or as referring to him who is mentioned in verses 10-15 of the same chapter. (O, TA.) One says also, بَاتَ يَرْعَى طَبَقَ النُّجُومِ , meaning [He passed the night watching] the state of the stars in their course: (TA:) or طَبَقُ النُّجُومِ means the falling [or app. setting] of stars after [other] stars: or, accord. to Es-Sadoosee, the rising of a star and the setting of another: and a collective number thereof after a collective number [of others]: and such, he says, are termed طَبَقَاتٌ مِنَ النُّجُومِ . (O.) جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ طَبَقًا وَاحِدًا means عَلَى خُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ [i. e. The camels came following one another, in a single line: see art. خف ]. (TA.) And one says, وَلَدَتِ الغَنَمُ طَبَقًا and طَبْقًا , meaning The sheep, or goats, brought forth one after another: (L:) El-Umawee says, when they do thus, one says, وَلَدَتْهَا الرُّجَيْلَآءِ and وَلَدَتْهَا طَبَقًا and طَبَقَةً [They brought them forth (i. e. their young ones) one after another]. (S, O.) [The pl.] الأَطْبَاقُ also signifies Those who are remote, and those who are remotely connected: so in a trad. respecting the signs of the resurrection, or of the time thereof; in which it is said, يُوْصَلُ الأَطْبَاقُ وَيُقْطَعُ الأَرْحَامُ [Those who are remote, and those who are remotely related, shall be brought into close connection, and the ties of relationship shall be severed]. (TA.) بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ is an appellation of A female tortoise, [app. because of the cover of her back,] which, (S, O, K,) as the Arabs assert, (S, O,) lays ninety-nine eggs, all of them [eventually] tortoises, and lays one egg which discloses (S, O, K) a serpent (K) [or a serpent such as is termed] an أَسْوَد ; (S, O;) or, accord. to Az, sixty-nine [eggs], and the seventieth is [eventually] a viper. (So in a marg. note in one of my copies of the S; in which, also, the appellation is written بِنْتُ طَبَقَ , instead of بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ .) Hence the phrase إِحْدَى بَنَاتِ طَبَقٍ , meaning A calamity; (S, O, TA;) as also بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ : (TA:) بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ meaning calamities [like مُطْبِقَاتٌ ]: as well as tortoises: and serpents: (K:) and أُمُّ طَبَقٍ [in like manner] means calamity: (TA in art. طرق :) or, accord. to EthTha'álibee, طَبَقُ [thus, imperfectly decl., as written in the L,) signifies a yellow serpent: (L, TA:) and أُمُّ طَبَقٍ and بِنْتُ طَبَقٍ are said to signify the serpent, because of its coiling itself round: or بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ is an appellation applied to serpents because of their winding themselves round ( لإِطْبَاقِهَا ) upon him whom they bite; or, as some say, because the حَوَّآء [q. v.] confines them beneath the lids ( أَطْبَاق ) of the baskets ( أَسْفَاط ) covered with leather; or, as Z says, because they resemble the طَبَق [i. e. cover, or dish, or plate,] when they coil themselves round. (TA.)
Nounطِبْقَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a match, an equal; a space, or period, of timegenerated

1

See طِبْقٌ, first half of the paragraph, in two places.

2

And also near the end of the same paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
: see طِبْقٌ , former half, in two places: and also near the end of the same paragraph.
Nounطَبَقَةٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a layer, or stratum; a stage, or story; a class, or rank of mengenerated

1

Generally, any one of two or more things placed, or situated, one above another: a stage, story, or floor; a layer, or stratum, or the like. Plurals طَبَقَاتٌ and طِبَاقٌ.

See طَبَقٌ, in seven places.

1.1the coats, or tunics, of the eye—طَبَقَاتُ العَيْنِ

See جُلَيْدَةٌ.

1.2the degrees, ranks, orders, or classes of men—طَبَقَاتُ النَّاسِ
the orders, or classes, of the poets—طَبَقَاتُ الشُّعَرَآءِ
1.3his letters, or epistles, to me are consecutive—كُتُبُهُ إِلَىَّ طَبَقَةٌ

Mentioned by Ibn-'Abbād.

1.4

A طَبَقَة of land is a portion like a مَشَارَة [explained in the article شور].

Show Lane's original text
[generally signifying Any one of two or more things that are placed, or situate, one above another; a stage, story, or floor; a layer, or stratum; or the like: pl. طَبَقَاتٌ and طِبَاقٌ ]: see طَبَقٌ , in seven places. [Hence, طَبَقَاتُ العَيْنِ The coats, or tunics, of the eye. (See جُلَيْدَةٌ .)] [Hence also,] طَبَقَاتُ النَّاسِ The degrees, ranks, orders, or classes, of men. (S, * O, * TA.) [Thus, طَبَقَاتُ الشُّعَرَآءِ means The orders, or classes, of the poets.] كُتُبُهُ إِلَىَّ طَبَقَةٌ is a phrase mentioned by Ibn-'Abbád as meaning His letters, or epistles, to me are consecutive. (O, TA.) A طَبَقَة of land is [A portion] like a مَشَارَة [expl. in art. شور ]. (TA.)
Nounيَدٌ طَبِقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — an arm that will not be stretched out, sticking to the sidegenerated

1

An arm that will not be stretched out; sticking to the side.

Show Lane's original text
An arm that will not be stretched forth; (S, O, TA;) sticking to the side. (K, TA.)
Nounطِبَاقٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — layers, or stages, one above another; what covers the earthgenerated

1

A plural of طَبَقَةٌ, and said to be also a plural of طَبَقٌ.

1.1what is upon the earth—طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ

Or what fills, or would fill, the earth, extending over it generally, as though it were a طَبَق, a cover, to it.

Said in a tradition about Kureysh: عِلْمُ عَالِمِهِمْ طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ, that is, the knowledge of the knowing among them is as though it extended over the whole earth and were a cover to it; or, as some relate it, طِبْقُ الأَرْضِ.

1.2

See also طِبْقٌ.

1.3

And see مُطْبِقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[a pl. of طَبَقَةٌ , and said to be also a pl. of طَبَقٌ ]. طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ means What is upon the earth: (S, O:) or what fills, or would fill, the earth, extending over it in general, or in common, (O, TA,) as though it were a طَبَق [or cover] to it. (TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting Kureysh, عِلْمُ عَالِمِهِمْ طِبَاقُ الأَرْضِ i. e. The knowledge of the knowing of them is as though it extended over the earth in general, or in common, and were a cover to it; (O, * TA;) or, as some relate it, طِبْقُ الأَرْضِ . (TA.) See also طِبْقٌ . And see مُطْبِقٌ .
Nounطَبِيقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a match, an equal, the like of a thinggenerated

1

See طِبْقٌ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text
: see طِبْقٌ , in five places.
Nounطَبَاقَآءُ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a camel that will not cover; a man unable to speak; stupid, heavygenerated

1figurative · مجاز

A camel that will not cover; lacking strength, or ability, to cover.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Applied to a man: impeded in his speech, unable to speak, or tongue-tied; or one who will not have sexual intercourse.

Or heavy, covering the woman (يُطْبِقُ عَلَى المَرْأَةِ; in the CK, wrongly, يَطْبِقُ; and in my manuscript copy of the K يُطَبِّق المرأةَ) with his breast because of his heaviness.

Or impotent, the same as عِيِىٌّ; or impotent, heavy, covering the woman with his breast because of his small size or immature age.

According to As: stupid, foolish, powerless in speech or action, dull, or heavy.

According to IAar: one whose reason is veiled, or wholly obscured, by stupidity or foolishness; or, as some say, one whose affairs are veiled from him, so that he does not see how to accomplish them; or one who lacks the ability to speak, his lips being closed.

1.2they all collected themselves together against that man—تَحَلَّبُوا عَلَى ذٰلِكَ الإِنْسَانِ طَبَاقَآءَ
Show Lane's original text
A camel (S, O, K) that will not cover; (S, O;) lacking strength, or ability, to cover. (K, TA.) And, applied to a man, (S, O, K,) Impeded in his speech; unable to speak; or tonguetied: (O, K, * TA:) or that will not perform the act of coïtus: (TA:) or heavy, covering the woman ( يُطْبِقُ عَلَى المَرْأَةِ , in the CK [erroneously] يَطْبِقُ , and in my MS. copy of the K يُطَبِّق المرأةَ ,) with his breast by reason of his heaviness: (K, TA:) or impotent; syn. عِيِىٌّ : (S, O:) or impotent ( عَيِىٌّ ), heavy, covering her whom he compresses, or the woman, with his breast, by reason of his littleness, or immature age: accord. to As, stupid, foolish, impotent in speech or actions, dull, or heavy: accord. to IAar, whose reason is veiled, or wholly obscured, ( مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ , [see أَطْبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ ,]) by stupidity, or foolishness: or, as some say, whose affairs are veiled to him [so that he sees not how to accomplish them]: or who lacks ability to speak, his lips being closed. (TA.) تَحَلَّبُوا عَلَى ذٰلِكَ الإِنْسَانِ طَبَاقَآءَ means They collected themselves together against that man, all of them. (ISh, O.)
Nounطُبَّاقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a species of tree growing on the mountains of Mekkehgenerated

1in the places where these two species of tree grow—بَيْنَ شَثٍّ وَطُبَّاقٍ

A species of tree, growing upon the mountains of Mekkeh; described to AHn by people of Azd-es-Sarāh as being about the height of a man, growing near one another and scarcely ever seen singly, with long, slender, green leaves that slip between the fingers when squeezed.

It is applied as a dressing to a fracture, which it consolidates while it remains upon it. It has a clustered yellow flower; it is not eaten by camels, but by sheep or goats; and it grows among the rocks, with the عَرْعَر. The bees eat from its flowers, and the mountain-goats also feed upon it.

It is useful as an antidote against poisons, taken internally and applied as a dressing, and as a remedy for the mange, or scab, and the itch, and long-continuing fevers, and colic, and jaundice, and obstructions of the liver; and it is very healing.

[طُبَاقٌ, thus written by Golius without teshdeed, is said by him to be Ocimum agreste, on the authority of Meyd; but he has not given the synonym by which Meyd explained it.]

In a tradition of Mohammad Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh, meaning in the tracts of the mountains of Mekkeh.

Show Lane's original text
A species of tree, (S, O, K,) growing upon the mountains of Mekkeh; (K;) described to AHn by some one or more of Azd-es-Saráh as being about the stature of a man in height, growing near one another, scarcely ever or never seen singly, having long, slender, green leaves, which slip [between the fingers] when squeezed, applied as a dressing to a fracture, which, remaining upon it, they consolidate; it has a clustered yellow flower; is not eaten by the camels, but by the sheep or goats; and grows among the rocks, with the عَرْعَر ; the bees eat from its flowers, and the mountain-goats also feed upon it: (O:) it is beneficial as an antidote against poisons, taken internally and applied as a dressing, and as a remedy for the mange, or scab, and the itch, and fevers of long continuance, and colic, and jaundice, and obstructions of the liver; and is very healing. (K.) [ طُبَاقٌ , thus written by Golius, without teshdeed, is said by him to be Ocimum agreste; as on the authority of Meyd; but he has not given the syn. by which Meyd has explained it.] بَيْنَ شَثٍّ وَطُبَّاقٍ , in a trad. of Mohammad Ibn-El-Hanafeeyeh, means in the places where grow these two species of trees; (O;) i. e. in the tracts of the mountains of Mekkeh. (TA.)
Nounطَابَقٌ6 senses · 4 main

Core sense — a large brick, or baked tile; a frying-pan; a limb, or membergenerated

1

See طِبْقٌ.

2

Also طَابِقٌ, both mentioned by Ks and Lh, and طَابَاقٌ: a large brick; or a large baked brick, or a large tile or flat piece of baked clay; and a large piece of glass.

Arabicized from the Persian تَابَهْ; and particularly a large flat piece of baked clay, or of stone and the like, used for a trap-door.

Hence بَيْتُ الطَّابَقِ, the chamber that has a trap-door. [See also مُطْبِقٌ.]

Plurals طَوَابِقُ and طَوَابِيقُ, the former being the plural of طابق and the latter of طاباق.

2.1

And in like manner the طَابَق of iron is from the Persian تَابَهْ: that is, طَابَقٌ, and likewise طَابِقٌ, also mean a certain vessel in which one cooks — a frying-pan — of iron or of copper; arabicized from تَابَهْ.

2.2

And a plate, or flat piece, of metal.

3a well in which are projecting edges—بِئْرٌ ذَاتُ طَابَقٍ

Ibn-'Abbād.

4

And طَابَقٌ and طَابِقٌ also mean a limb, or member, of a human being, such as the arm, or hand, and the leg, or foot, and the like; applied in a tradition to the hand of a thief, which is to be cut off. [See طَائِفٌ in the article طوف.]

Or they mean the half of a sheep, or goat; or as much of it as two or three persons eat.

Show Lane's original text
: see طِبْقٌ . Also, (S, Mgh, O, K,) and طَابِقٌ , (K,) both mentioned by Ks and Lh, [and both in one of my copies of the S,] (TA,) and طَابَاقٌ , (Fr, O, K,) A large brick: (Mgh:) or a large baked brick: (S, O, K:) [or a large tile, or flat piece of baked clay:] and a large [piece of] glass: (Mgh:) arabicized, (S, Mgh, O,) from the Pers., (S, O,) i. e. from تَابَهْ : (Mgh, O:) [and particularly a large flat piece of baked clay, or of stone, &c., that is used for a trapdoor:] whence, بَيْتُ الطَّابَقِ [the chamber that has a trap-door]: (Mgh: [see also مُطْبِقٌ :]) pl. طَوَابِقُ and طَوَابِيقُ ; (Mgh, O, K;) the former being pl. of طابق , and the latter of طاباق . (O.) And in like manner the طَابَق of iron [is from the Pers. تَابَهْ ]: (O:) [i. e.] طَابَقٌ signifies also, (K, TA,) and طَابِقٌ likewise, (accord. to the K,) A certain vessel in which one cooks, (K, TA,) [meaning a frying-pan,] of iron or of copper: (TA:) arabicized from تَابَهْ . (K, TA.) [And A plate, or flat piece, of metal.] بِئْرٌ ذَاتُ طَابَقٍ means A well in which are projecting edges. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) And طَابَقٌ and طَابِقٌ signify also A limb, or member, (Th, O, * K, TA,) of a human being, such as the arm, or hand, and the leg, or foot, and the like: (Th, TA:) applied in a trad. to the hand of a thief, which is to be cut off: (TA:) [see طَائِفٌ , in art. طوف :] or they signify [or signify also] the half of a sheep, or goat: (K, TA:) or as much thereof as two persons, or three, eat. (TA.)
Nounطَابَاقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a large brick, or a large baked tilegenerated

1

Plural طَوَابِيقُ. See the preceding paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
; pl. طَوَابِيقُ : see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounالعِمَّةُ الطَّابِقِيَّةُ1 sense

Core sense — the way of wearing a turban without a fold beneath the chingenerated

1such a one came with his turban arranged in that manner—جَآءَ فُلَانٌ مُتَعَمِّمًا طَابِقِيٍّا

The way of arranging the turban without winding a portion of it beneath the chin; a way that is forbidden.

Show Lane's original text
The mode of disposing the turban without winding [a portion thereof] beneath the chin: (O, K:) a mode which is forbidden. (O.) جَآءَ فُلَانٌ مُتَعَمِّمًا طَابِقِيٍّا means Such a one came having his turban disposed in the manner above described. (IAar, O.)
Nounمَطْبَقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place of confinement beneath the ground, a subterranean prisongenerated

1

See مُطْبِقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مُطْبِقٌ .
Nounمُطْبَقٌ7 senses · 1 main

Core sense — covered; one upon whom insanity is made continualgenerated

1

Ism mafʿūl of form 4: covered, and the like.

1.1

الحُرُوفُ المُطْبَقَةُ are the letters ص, ض, ط, and ظ: in uttering them, the part of the tongue which is their place of utterance is closely covered by the opposite part of the palate.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredone upon whom insanity is made continual—مُطْبَقٌ

Used by common people for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ, which is for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ. See also طَبَاقَآءُ, where مُطْبَقٌ عَلْيَهِ is in my opinion better rendered.

And one says مَجْنُونَةٌ مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا in like manner, for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا الجُنُونُ: an insane woman whose reason insanity has veiled, or wholly obscured.

1.3affected with a swoon, or a fit of insensibility—مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ
1.4figurative · مجاز — inferreda verse whose first hemistich ends in the middle of a word—بَيْتٌ مُطْبَقٌ
1.5

See also the next paragraph.

1.6

And see طِبْقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[pass. part. n. of 4, Covered; &c.]. الحُرُوفُ المُطْبَقَةُ are The letters ص , ض , ط , and ظ : (S, O, K:) the part of the tongue which is the place of their utterance being [closely] covered [in their utterance] by what is opposite to it of the palate. (O, TA.) And مُطْبَقٌ is used by the vulgar for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ , [which is for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ الجُنُونُ ,] meaning Upon whom insanity is made to be continual: (Msb: see also طَبَاقَآءُ [where مُطْبَقٌ عَلْيَهِ is in my opinion better rendered]:) and you say مَجْنُونَةٌ مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا [in like manner, for مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهَا الجُنُونُ an insane female whose reason insanity has veiled, or wholly obscured]. (Mgh, O.) مُطْبَقٌ عَلَيْهِ signifies also Affected with a swooning, or a fit of insensibility. (TA.) بَيْتٌ مُطْبَقٌ means A verse of which the former hemistich ends in the middle of a word. (Z, TA.) See also the next paragraph. And see طِبْقٌ .
Nounمُطْبِقٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — covering; continual, as of a fever or of insanitygenerated

1

Covering.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredinsanity that veils, or wholly obscures, the reason—جُنُونٌ مُطْبِقٌ
1.2figurative · مجازa continual fever, not leaving him night or day—حُمَّى مُطْبِقَةٌ
1.3figurative · مجاز — inferreda hard, or severe, year—مُطْبِقَةٌ

For سَنَةٌ مُطْبِقَةٌ.

calamities—مُطْبِقَاتٌ

Like بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ.

1.4

And مُطْبِقٌ may have the same meaning as مُطْبَقٌ; but in what sense the latter is used here is not specified.

1.5

It also means a subterranean prison, or a place of confinement beneath the ground.

This sense, probably post-classical, is said to be like مُحْسِنٌ, but perhaps only because the word had been found written مُطْبِقٌ; for I think I have heard مَطْبَقٌ used in this sense.

I find an apparent authority for this in a copy of the M, in the articles اصد and وصد, where الإِصَادُ and الوِصَادُ are explained as meaning المَطْبَقُ; and likewise in the TA, in the article عن, where I find مَطْبَق thus written — see form 2 in that article.

It seems also that طِبَاقٌ may have the same meaning, for I find الإِصَادُ explained as meaning الطِّبَاقُ in the K in the article اصد, and so in the O in the article وصد, and likewise الوِصَادُ.

Show Lane's original text
Covering. (O, K, TA.) Hence, (K, TA,) جُنُونٌ مُطْبِقٌ (Mgh, O, K, TA) Insanity that covers [i. e. veils, or wholly obscures,] the reason, or intellect. (TA.) حُمَّى مُطْبِقَةٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) A continual fever, not quitting night nor day. (S, Msb, * TA.) مُطْبِقَةٌ [for سَنَةٌ مُطْبِقَةٌ ] means A hard, or severe, year. (TA.) And مُطْبِقَاتٌ means Calamities [like بَنَاتُ طَبَقٍ ]. (TA.) And مُطْبِقٌ may have the same meaning as مُطْبَقٌ . (TA. [But in what sense the latter is here used is not specified.]) It signifies also A subterranean prison; or a place of confinement beneath the ground. (TA. [The word in this sense, which is probably postclassical, is there said to be like مُحْسِنٌ ; but perhaps only because of its having been found written مُطْبِقٌ ; for I think that I have heard مَطْبَقٌ used in this sense; and I find an apparent authority for this in a copy of the M in arts. اصد and وصد , where الإِصَادُ and الوِصَادُ are expl. as meaning المَطْبَقُ : and likewise in the TA in art. عن , where I find مَطْبَق , thus written; see 2 in that art.: it seems also that طِبَاقٌ may have the same signification; for I find الإِصَادُ expl. as meaning الطِّبَاقُ in the K in art. اصد ; and thus in the O in art. وصد , and likewise الوِصَادُ .])
Nounمُطَبَّقٌ1 sense

Core sense — made to correspond, or match, with another thinggenerated

1

See طِبْقٌ, last quarter of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
: see طِبْقٌ , last quarter.
Nounجَرَادٌ مُطَبِّقٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — locusts spreading over a whole region; rain covering a whole landgenerated

1a cloud raining upon the whole of a land—سَحَابَةٌ مُطَبِّقَةٌ

Locusts spreading over a whole tract or region.

1.1a sword hitting the joint and severing the limb, or falling between two bones—مُطَبِّقٌ
1.2figurative · مجاز

And from this: one who takes the right course in affairs by his good judgment.

Show Lane's original text
Locusts extending in common or universally [over a tract or region]. (TA.) And سَحَابَةٌ مُطَبِّقَةٌ A cloud raining upon the whole of a land. (S, O.) مُطَبِّقٌ signifies also [A sword hitting the joint, and severing the limb: or falling between two bones. And hence,] One who takes the right course in affairs by his [good] judgment. (K, TA.)
Nounمُطَابِقٌ1 sense

Core sense — matching, corresponding, agreeing with somethinggenerated

1

See an example under طِبْقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see an ex. voce طِبْقٌ