ضيف

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Form 1ضَافَ8 senses · 2 main

maṣdarضَيْفٌ ضَوْفٌ صَوْفٌ ضِيَافَةٌmuḍāriʿيَضِيفُ تَضِيفُ أَضِيفُهُ

Core sense — he inclined, and drew near; he alighted as a guestgenerated

1.1he, or it, inclined, and drew near [to him, or it]—إِلَيْهِ

maṣdar ضَيْفٌ, اضاف, تضيّف and ضيّف.

1.1.1the sun inclined, or drew near, to setting—ضيّفت للغروب

The verb is ضافت الشَّمْسُ or ضافت الشمس لِلْغُرُوبِ; maṣdar ضَيْفٌ and تضيّفت, or تضيّفت للغروب and ضيّفت.

1.1.2she menstruated—ضافت

Said of a woman; muḍāriʿ as above. So called because she who does this inclines, or declines, from a state of pureness to menstruation.

1.1.3the arrow turned aside from the butt—ضاف السَّهْمُ

Also ضاف السهم عَنِ الهَدَفِ; like صاف.

he, or it, turned away from the thing—ضاف عَنِ الشَّىْءِ

[and ضَيْفٌ]; like صاف [and صَيْفٌ]. See the M under ضوف.

1.1.4figurative · مجازhe feared—ضاف

Said of a man; also اضاف.

he feared it, or was cautious of it—اضاف مِنْهُ

Said of an event or affair; also ضاف مِنْهُ. Or: he was cautious of it with the caution of one hemmed in by it.

1.2I alighted at his abode, and inclined to him—ضِفْتُهُ

or both; also تَضَيَّفْتُهُ.

Or: I alighted at his abode as a ضَيْف [or guest], or became his ضَيْف [or guest].

he alighted at the abode of the people, or party, as a ضَيْف [or guest]—ضاف القَوْمَ

Also تَضَيَّفَهُمْ.

I came to him as a ضَيْف [or guest]—تَضَيَّفْتُهُ

1.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredanxiety befell him—ضافهُ الهَمُّ

See also form 3.

1.2.2I sought, or desired, of him entertainment as a ضَيْف [or guest]—ضِفْتُهُ

Also تَضَيَّفْتُهُ; or that word, and اِسْتَضَفْتُهُ, mean I asked of him such entertainment.

Show Lane's original text

, (M, K,) [aor. يَضِيفُ ,] inf. n. ضَيْفٌ ; (TK;) and اضاف , (M,) and تضيّف , and ضيّف ; (K;) He, or it, inclined, (M, K,) and approached, or drew near; إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it]. (M.) And ضافت الشَّمْسُ , (S, M, Mgh,) or ضافت الشمس لِلْغُرُوبِ , (O,) aor. تَضِيفُ , inf. n. ضَيْفٌ ; (M;) and تضيّفت , (S, M, Mgh,) or تضيّفت للغروب ; (O;) and ضيّفت , (S, M, Mgh,) ضيّفت للغروب ; (O;) The sun inclined, (S, Mgh, O,) or drew near, (M,) to setting. (S, M, Mgh, O.) And ضافت said of a woman, aor. as above, She menstruated; (O, K;) because she who does so inclines, or declines, from a state of pureness to menstruation. (O, TA.) And ضاف السَّهْمُ , (M,) or ضاف السهم عَنِ الهَدَفِ , (S, O,) The arrow turned aside from the butt: (S, M, O:) like صاف . (S, O.) And ضاف عَنِ الشَّىْءِ , inf. n. ضَوْفٌ [and ضَيْفٌ ], He, or it, turned away from the thing: like صاف , inf. n. صَوْفٌ [and صَيْفٌ ]. (M in art. ضوف .) And ضاف said of a man, He feared; as also اضاف . (M.) And اضاف مِنْهُ He feared it, or was cautious of it; namely, an event, or affair; (S, M, O, K, TA;) as also ضاف مِنْهُ : (TA:) or he was cautious of it with the caution of one encompassed, or beset, thereby. (Z, TA.) ضِفْتُهُ , (S, M, O, Msb, K,) aor. أَضِيفُهُ , (O, K,) inf. n. ضِيَافَةٌ , (S,) or ضَيْفٌ , (Msb,) or both; (M, O, K;) and تَضَيَّفْتُهُ ; (S, M, O, K;) I alighted at his abode; (M, Msb;) and inclined to him: (M:) or I alighted at his abode (S, M, O, Msb, K) as a ضَيْف [or guest], (S, O, K,) or and became his ضَيْف [or guest]. (M, O, Msb. [See also 3.]) And ضاف القَوْمَ , and تَضَيَّفَهُمْ , He alighted at the abode of the people, or party, as a ضَيْف [or guest]. (Mgh.) And تَضَيَّفْتُهُ I came to him as a ضَيْف [or guest]. (L, TA.) [Hence,] ضافهُ الهَمُّ Anxiety befell him. (S, M, * O. [See, again, 3.]) And ضِفْتُهُ signifies also I sought, or desired, of him entertainment as a ضَيْف [or guest]; and so تَضَيَّفْتُهُ ; (M;) or this latter, (L, Msb,) and اِسْتَضَفْتُهُ , (M,) I asked of him such entertainment. (M, L, Msb.)

Form 2ضيّف3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he lodged him as a guest; he protected himgenerated

2.1

Intransitive: see form 1, first and second sentences.

2.2

As transitive: see form 4, last sentence, in four places.

2.2.1figurative · مجازI protected him, or defended him, from one who sought, or pursued, him—ضَيَّفْتُهُ

Also: I made him safe, secure, or free from fear, and became at peace with him; used figuratively.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2

18:77

فَٱنطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَتَيَآ أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ٱسْتَطْعَمَآ أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا۟ أَن يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَن يَنقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُۥ ۖ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لَتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا

Then they proceeded: until, when they came to the inhabitants of a town, they asked them for food, but they refused them hospitality. They found there a wall on the point of falling down, but he set it up straight. (Moses) said: "If thou hadst wished, surely thou couldst have exacted some recompense for it!"

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, intrans.: see 1, first and second sentences. As trans.: see 4, last sentence, in four places. [Hence,] ضَيَّفْتُهُ signifies also I protected him, or defended him, from him who sought, or pursued, him: (Msb:) I rendered him safe, secure, or free from fear; and became at peace with him; thus used metaphorically. (TA.)

Form 3ضايفهُ3 senses · 1 main

maṣdarمُضَايَفَةٌ

Core sense — he straitened him; or he became his guestgenerated

3.1

[Apparently: he straitened him (see form 6); or perhaps: he became his guest, like ضَافَهُ and the like.]

3.1.1figurative · مجازanxiety straitened him—ضايفهُ الهَمُّ

Or perhaps: anxiety befell him; like ضَافَهُ.

3.1.2it was, or became, correlative to it—ضايفهُ

. For instance, fathership to sonship. See also the next paragraph.

Show Lane's original text

[app. signifies He straitened him: (see 6:) or, perhaps, he became his guest; like ضَافَهُ , &c]. [Hence one says,] ضايفهُ الهَمُّ [Anxiety straitened him: or, perhaps, befell him; like ضَافَهُ ]. (TA.) [And ضايفهُ , inf. n. مُضَايَفَةٌ , signifies also It was, or became, correlative to it; as, for instance, fathership to sonship. See also the next paragraph.]

Form 4اضاف11 senses · 2 main

maṣdarإِضَافَةٌ

Core sense — he made him a guest, he lodged him; he made it incline, or adjoined itgenerated

4.1

Intransitive: see form 1, in three places.

4.1.1

Said of a man: he ran and hastened; and he fled, or turned away and fled. Ibn-ʿAbbād.

Said of a dog: he ran away, or fled. See جبن.

4.1.2[he looked upon, or viewed, the thing from above: or he was, or became, on the brink, or at the point, of the thing]—اضاف عَلَى الشَّىْءِ

Same as أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِ.

4.1.3she hears the voice, or sound, of the stallion with desire of going to him—تُضِيفُ إِلَى صَوْتِ الفَحْلِ

Said of a she-camel.

4.1.4correlation, or reciprocal relation—الإِضَافَةُ

Also التَّضَايُفُ. One of the two cannot be conceived in the mind without the other, as with الأُبُوَّةُ and البُنُوَّةُ [fathership and sonship].

4.2figurative · مجازhe made it incline towards it, one thing to another—اضافهُ إِلَيْهِ

Also: he made it lean, rest, or stay itself against, or upon, it.

he leaned his back against the wall—اضاف ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى الحَائِطِ

he laid an affair upon him, and desired him to do what would suffice—اضاف إِلَيْهِ أَمْرًا

4.2.1

And: he made him have recourse to it, or take refuge in it.

4.2.2

And: he adjoined it to it.

4.2.3annexation, as a technical term of the grammarians—الإِضَافَةُ

[the prefixing of a noun to a noun so that the first governs the second in the genitive case]—إِضَافَةُ الاِسْمِ إِلَى الاِسْمِ

So called because the first of the two nouns in question is adjoined to the second.

As when you say غُلَامُ زَيْدٍ, in which غلام is termed مُضَافٌ and زيد is termed مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ.

This is done for the purpose of specifying or appropriating, and of making known or definite; so the إِضَافَة of a thing to itself is not allowable, because a thing does not make itself known or definite — unless a word is left out, as when you say حَقُّ اليَقِينِ for حَقُّ الشَّىْءِ اليَقِينِ. Or, according to Fr, the Arabs used to do so because of the difference between the two words themselves. See the S under جَامِعٌ.

الإِضَافَةُ is also often used to mean the state of being prefixed in the way explained above, or the connection of a noun so prefixed with its complement. The various kinds of إِضَافَة are fully explained in the grammars of De Sacy and others; they are not proper subjects of a lexicon, though much is said about them in the O, and more in the Msb.

4.2.4in comparison with, or in relation to, such a thing—بِالإِضَافَةِ إِلَى كَذَا

Literally "to"; like بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى; as though in juxtaposition to it. A phrase of frequent occurrence; see an example in Bd 2:6.

4.2.5I made him a guest, or lodged him, or gave him refuge, and entertained him—أَضَفْتُهُ

the same—ضَيَّفْتُهُ

Maṣdar تَضْيِيفٌ.

Both are from الضِّيَافَةُ, and are synonymous with أَنْزَلْتُهُ: I lodged him with me as a ضَيْف [or guest] and entertained him.

أَضَافُوهُ and ضَيَّفُوهُ both mean أَنْزَلُوهُ.

I lodged him at my abode as a ضَيْف, and gave him protection, or refuge—أَضَفْتُهُ

So says Th; the protection is given to one who is in fear.

I fed him—ضَيَّفْتُهُ

he made him to be in the condition of أَضْيَاف [or guests]—ضيّفهُ

Show Lane's original text

, intrans.: see 1, in three places. Also, said of a man, He ran, and hastened, made haste, or sped, (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) and fled, or turned away and fled: (K:) and said of a dog as meaning he ran away, or fled. (TA in art. جبن .) And اضاف عَلَى الشَّىْءِ i. q. أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِ [He looked upon, or viewed, the thing from above: or he was, or became, on the brink, or verge, or at the point, of the thing: &c.]. (O, K, * TA.) تُضِيفُ إِلَى صَوْتِ الفَحْلِ , said of a she-camel, means She hears with desire of going to him the voice, or sound, of the stallion. (M.) And الإِضَافَةُ and التَّضَايُفُ signify Correlation, or reciprocal relation, so that one of the two cannot be conceived in the mind without the other; as in the case of الأُبُوَّةُ and البُنُوَّةُ [i. e. fathership and sonship]. (KT. [See also 3.]) اضافهُ إِلَيْهِ He made it to incline towards it; (S, M, * O, Msb, K; *) namely, a thing (S, O) to a thing. (S, O, Msb.) He made it to lean, rest, or stay itself, against it, or upon it. (M, TA.) You say, اضاف ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى الحَائِطِ He leaned his back against the wall. (MA.) And اضاف إِلَيْهِ أَمْرًا He rested, or stayed, upon him an affair, and desired him to do what would suffice. (TA.) And He made him to have recourse to it, or to betake himself to it for refuge. (S, O, K.) And He adjoined it to it. (Msb.) And hence الإِضَافَةُ as a conventional term of the grammarians; because the first [of two nouns in the case to which it applies] is adjoined to the second: (Msb:) [for] إِضَافَةُ الاِسْمِ إِلَى الاِسْمِ is [The prefixing the noun to the noun so that the former governs the latter in the gen. case] as when you say غُلَامُ زَيْدٍ ; in which instance, غلام is termed مُضَافٌ , and زيد is termed مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ : and this is done for the purpose of particularizing or appropriating, and of making known or definite: therefore the إِضَافَة of a thing to itself [i. e. the prefixing a noun in this manner to one identical therewith in meaning] is not allowable, because a thing does not make known, or definite, itself; (S;) unless by an ellipsis, as when you say حَقُّ اليَقِينِ for حَقُّ الشَّىْءِ اليَقِينِ ; or, accord. to Fr, the Arabs used to do so because of the difference of the two words themselves. (S voce جَامِعٌ .) [ الإِضَافَةُ is also often used as meaning The state of being prefixed in the manner explained above; or the connection of a noun so prefixed with its complement. The various kinds of إِضَافَة are sufficiently explained in the grammars of De Sacy and others: they are not proper subjects of a lexicon, though much is said respecting them in the O, and more in the Msb. Hence also, بِالإِضَافَةِ إِلَى كَذَا meaning In comparison with (lit. to), or in relation to, (like بِالنِّسْبَةِ إِلَى ,) such a thing; as though in juxtaposition to it: a phrase of frequent occurrence: see an ex. in Bd ii. 6.] أَضَفْتُهُ (inf. n. إِضَافَةٌ , Msb) and ضَيَّفْتُهُ (inf. n. تَضْيِيفٌ , O) both signify the same, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) from الضِّيَافَةُ ; (O;) i. e. both signify I made him a guest, or lodged him, or gave him refuge or asylum, syn. أَنْزَلْتُهُ , (S, M, Msb,) with me, as a ضَيْف [or guest], (S,) and entertained him: (S, M, Msb:) أَضَافُوهُ and ضَيَّفُوهُ both signify أَنْزَلُوهُ : (Mgh:) accord. to Th, أَضَفْتُهُ signifies I lodged him at my abode as a ضَيْف : and I gave him (i. e. one in fear) protection, or refuge or asylum: (Msb:) and ضَيَّفْتُهُ is also expl. as meaning I fed him: and ضيّفهُ as meaning he made him to be in the condition of أَضْيَاف [or guests]. (TA.)

Form 5تَضَيَّفَ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he became a guest; he was collected togethergenerated

5.1

Intransitive: see form 1, first and second sentences.

5.1.1being collected together—تَضَيُّفٌ

5.1.2

And: being a تَابِع [or follower, and the like].

5.2

As transitive: see form 1, latter half, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

intrans.: see 1, first and second sentences. تَضَيُّفٌ signifies also The being collected together. (KL, from the Mj.) And The being a تَابِع [or follower, &c.]. (Id.) As trans.: see 1, latter half, in four places.

Form 6تَضَاْيَفَ2 senses

Core sense — it became narrow; they hemmed him in on both sidesgenerated

6.1

See form 4.

6.2it became narrow—تضايف

Said of a valley; from ضِيفٌ, "a side". Synonymous with تَضَايَقَ.

they became near to him, by his side—تَضَايَفْنَ عَلَيْهِ

the people, or party, became on both sides of him—تضايفهُ القَوْمُ

A phrase used by a poet [describing camels following an old camel].

That is, بِضِيفَيْهِ.

the two beasts of prey hemmed him in on both sides—تَضَايفُه السَّبُعَانِ

[the dogs hemmed in the object of the chase on both sides, or round about]—تَضَايَفَتِ الكِلَابُ الصَّيْدَ

Also تَضَايَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ.

on this sense In the TA all of these are said to be figurative, but I do not see why.

Show Lane's original text

see 4. تضايف as said of a valley, [from ضِيفٌ “ a side, ”] It became narrow; syn. تَضَايَقَ . (S, M, O.) تَضَايَفْنَ عَلَيْهِ , a phrase used by a poet [describing camels following an old camel], They became near to him, (S, M, O,) by his side. (S, M.) And you say, تضايفهُ القَوْمُ The people, or party, became on both sides of him ( بِضِيفَيْهِ ). (TA.) And تَضَايفُه السَّبُعَانِ The two beasts of prey hemmed him in on both sides. (TA.) And تَضَايَفَتِ الكِلَابُ الصَّيْدَ and تَضَايَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ [The dogs hemmed in the object of the chase on both sides, or round about]. (TA.) [In the TA, all these are said to be tropical; but why, I see not.]

Form 7انضاف إِلَيْهِ1 sense

Core sense — he, or it, became joined, or added, to him, or itgenerated

7.1

He, or it, became joined, adjoined, or added, to him, or it; and he joined himself to him. But this is perhaps postclassical.

Show Lane's original text

signifies He, or it, became joined, or adjoined, or added, to him, or it: and he joined himself to him: but is perhaps postclassical.]

Form 10إِسْتَضْيَفَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he asked for entertainment as a guest, or for protectiongenerated

10.1

See form 1, last sentence.

10.1.1he desired me, or asked me, to grant him protection, or refuge—اِسْتَضَافَنِى

such a one had recourse to such a one for protection, or refuge—استضاف فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ

Show Lane's original text

see 1, last sentence. You say also اِسْتَضَافَنِى , meaning He desired me, or asked me, to grant him protection, or refuge. (Msb.) And استضاف فُلَانٌ إِلَى فُلَانٍ Such a one had recourse, or betook himself, to such a one for protection, or refuge. (IAar, M.)

Derived nouns 21

Nounضَيْفٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a guest; guests; and, of a woman, menstruatinggenerated

A guest; and guests. So called because he is adjoined to the family and fed with them.

It is applied to one and to a plural number, and to a male and to a female, because it is originally a maṣdar.

As a singular it is the same as مُضَيَّفٌ, which is synonymous with نَزِيلٌ.

Applied to a plural number, it may be the plural [or rather ism jamʿ] of ضَائِفٌ, which is synonymous with نَازِلٌ, so being of the class of زَوْزٌ and صَوْمٌ.

It is also pluralized, its plurals being أَضْيَافٌ, ضِيفَانٌ, ضُيُوفٌ and ضِيَافٌ; the first is properly a plural of paucity, but is also used as a plural of multitude.

A female is termed ضَيْفَةٌ as well as ضَيْفٌ.

El-Baʿeeth says: [A castaway with whom his mother became pregnant while she was a guest]

shāhid

لَقًى حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْىَ ضَيْفَةٌ

Or, according to AHeyth, the meaning here is the one that follows.

1.1menstruating—ضَيْفَةٌ

Applied to a woman; so says AHeyth, with reference to the citation above from El-Baʿeeth.

Qur’ānic occurrences ضَيْف 2 shown of 5

15:51

وَنَبِّئْهُمْ عَن ضَيْفِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ

Tell them about the guests of Abraham.

15:68

قَالَ إِنَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ ضَيْفِى فَلَا تَفْضَحُونِ

Lut said: "These are my guests: disgrace me not:

Show Lane's original text

A guest: and guests: (MA:) so called because adjoined to the family and fed with them: (Ham p. 124:) it is applied to one, and to a pl. number, (S, M, MA, O, Msb, K,) and to a male and to a female, (S, O, Msb, K,) because it is originally an inf. n.: (MA, Msb:) [as a sing.,] i. q. مُضَيَّفٌ , (M,) which is syn. with نَزِيلٌ : (TA:) and applied to a pl. number, it may be pl. [or rather a quasi-pl. n.] of ضَائِفٌ , which is syn. with نَازِلٌ ; thus being of the class of زَوْزٌ and صَوْمٌ : (M:) and it is also pluralized, having for its pls. أَضْيَافٌ and ضِيفَانٌ (S, M, MA, O, Msb, K) and ضُيُوفٌ (S, M, MA, O, K) and ضِيَافٌ , (MA, TA,) the first of which is properly a pl. of pauc., but is also used as a pl. of mult.: (M:) and a female is termed ضَيْفَةٌ as well as ضَيْفٌ : (S, M, O, Msb, K:) El-Ba'eeth says, 1 [A castaway with whom his mother became pregnant while she was a guest]: (S, M, O:) or, accord. to AHeyth, the meaning here is that which follows. (O.) لَقًى حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْىَ ضَيْفَةٌ ضَيْفَةٌ applied to a woman signifies also Menstruating: (O, K:) so says AHeyth with reference to the citation above from El-Ba'eeth. (O.)

Nounضِيفٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the side of a valley, or of a mountaingenerated

1the sides of a valley—مَضَايِفُ

The side of a valley, and of a mountain [and the like: see form 6].

And, as used figuratively by an anonymous poet, of the ذَكَر.

1.1such a one is in the vicinity, or quarter, of such a one—فُلَانٌ فِى ضِيفِ فُلَانٍ

Show Lane's original text

The side (T, S, M, O, K) of a valley (T, M) and of a mountain (M) [&c.: see 6]: and, as metaphorically used by an anonymous poet, of the ذَكَر : (M:) and مَضَايِفُ signifies the sides of a valley. (TA.) And one says, فُلَانٌ فِى ضِيفِ فُلَانٍ , meaning Such a one is in the vicinage, or quarter, of such a one. (M.)

Nounضَيْفَنٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who comes with a guest, uninvitedgenerated

One who comes with a guest; or who comes so, intruding without invitation; or one who follows a guest.

Derived from ضَيْفٌ according to Sb; but AZ says it belongs to ضفن, [according to J and Sgh] the ن being augmentative.

The plural is ضَيَافِنُ.

Show Lane's original text

One who comes with a guest: (S, O:) or who so comes intruding without invitation: (K:) or one who follows a guest: derived from ضَيْفٌ , accord. to Sb; but said by AZ to belong to art. ضفن : (M:) [accord. to J and Sgh] the ن is augmentative: the pl. is ضَيَافِنُ . (S, O.)

Nounضِيَافَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the entertaining of a guest; an entertainment, a banquetgenerated

A maṣdar of ضِفْتُهُ in the first of the senses assigned to it above.

1.1the house where guests are entertained—دَارُ الضِّيَافَةِ

A noun from أَضَفْتُهُ and ضَيَّفْتُهُ, signifying the entertaining of a guest or guests; and an entertainment in the sense of a repast given to a guest or guests, a banquet or feast.

Show Lane's original text

an inf. n. of ضِفْتُهُ in the first of the senses assigned to the latter above. (S, M, O, K.) [And] a subst. from أَضَفْتُهُ and ضَيَّفْتُهُ [as such signifying The entertainment of a guest or guests; i. e. the act of entertaining: and an entertainment as meaning a repast, given to a guest or guests; a banquet, or feast]. (Msb.) [Hence, دَارُ الضِّيَافَةِ The house of entertainment of guests.]

Nounضَائِفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man alighting as a guestgenerated

A man alighting as a guest; synonymous with نَازِلٌ. See ضَيْفٌ.

Its [proper] plural is ضُيَّفٌ.

Show Lane's original text

A man alighting as a guest; syn. نَازِلٌ : (M, TA:) see ضَيْفٌ : its [proper] pl. is ضُيَّفٌ . (TA.)

Nounمُضَافٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one made an adjunct to a people; one forced to take refuge; hemmed ingenerated

This and مُضَافٌ إِلَيْهِ: see form 4.

1.1figurative · مجاز[he is none other than an adjunct, or adherent]—مَا هُوَ إِلَّا مُضَافٌ

Also: one who is made an adjunct, or adherent, to a people or party, and made to incline to them, though not one of them.

1.2figurative · مجاز

And: one whose origin, or lineage, or parentage is suspected; or who claims a relationship that he does not have.

And: one whose origin, or relationship, is referred to a people or party of whom he is not a member.

1.3

And: one who is forced to take refuge in a narrow, or confined, place, and who is burdened with evil.

El-Bureyk El-Hudhalee says: [And he protects the man who is forced to take refuge, when he calls for aid]

shāhid 1

وَيَحْمِى المُضَافَ إِذَا مَا دَعَا

مُسْتَضَافٌ means the same as مُضَافٌ [apparently in the last of the senses explained above]; so says IB.

He cites the saying of Jowwās Ibn-Heiyān El-Azdee: [apparently meaning: And I advance boldly in a time of fear, and I protect the man who is forced to take refuge]

shāhid 2

وَلَقَدْ أَقْدَمُ فِى الرَّوٌ عِ وَأَحْمِى المُسْتَضَافَا