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صلب

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8  ·  24 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 8

Form 1صَلُبَ11 senses · 3 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarصَلَابَةٌ صَلْبٌ

Core sense — he became hard, or firm; he crucified him; he extracted the grease of bonesgenerated

1.1

. Also muḍāriʿ صَلَبَ and صلّب, maṣdar تَصْلِيبٌ; but this last is transitive only.

Said of a thing, and of a man: it, and he, was, or became, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. Synonym اِشْتَدَّ, the opposite of لَانَ.

1.1.1figurative · مجاز[The land has been hard by lying waste for years]—صَلُبَتِ الأَرْضُ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ

Said of land that has not been sown for a long time.

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe was, or became, tenacious, or avaricious, of property—صَلُبَ عَلَى المَالِ

Maṣdar as above.

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe wine became strong—صَلُبَ الشَّرَابُ

Maṣdar as above.

حَدُّ الشَّرَابِ is explained in the S and L, in the article حد, as meaning صَلَابَتُهُ.

1.2he cooked the bones and extracted their grease to use as a seasoning—صَلَبَ العِظَامَ

maṣdar صَلْبٌ and اصطلبها.

he extracted the grease, or oily matter, of bones—اصطلب

Or: he collected bones and extracted their grease, or oily matter, to use as a seasoning.

1.2.1he roasted, broiled, or fried the flesh-meat, and made its grease flow—صَلَبَ اللَّحْمَ
the same—اصطلب

on this sense Said in the same way of one who roasts, broils, or fries flesh-meat and makes its grease flow.

1.2.2he, or it, burned him—صَلَبَهُ

Sh says this..

the sun burned him—صَلَبَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ

[Apparently causing his sweat to flow.]

1.2.3[He crucified him;] he put him to death in a certain well-known manner—صَلَبَهُ

. Also صلّبهُ, maṣdar تَصْلِيبٌ; or the verb with teshdeed is said of a plural number.

He made him to be مَصْلُوب, namely one who had slain another, or a thief.

From صَلَبَ العِظَامَ, because the oily matter, and the ichor mixed with blood, of a person put to death in this way flows.

1.2.4in prayer: the placing of the hands upon the flanks while standing, with the arms held away from the body—الصَّلْبُ

A posture forbidden by the Prophet because it resembles that of a man when he is crucified, the man's arms in that case being stretched out upon the timber.

1.2.5he put the cross-pieces on the leathern bucket—صَلَبَ الدَّلْوَ

The bucket is the دلو [or leathern bucket], and what is put on it is called صَلِيبَانِ: two pieces of wood placed cross-wise [to keep it from collapsing], like what are called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ.

the same—صَلَّبَهَا
1.3his fever was continual and violent—صَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّاهُ

.

Or the fever was of the kind termed صَالِب.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
4:157
وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا ٱلْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَـٰكِن شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ ۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱخْتَلَفُوا۟ فِيهِ لَفِى شَكٍّ مِّنْهُ ۚ مَا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنْ عِلْمٍ إِلَّا ٱتِّبَاعَ ٱلظَّنِّ ۚ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ يَقِينًۢا

That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not:-

12:41
يَـٰصَـٰحِبَىِ ٱلسِّجْنِ أَمَّآ أَحَدُكُمَا فَيَسْقِى رَبَّهُۥ خَمْرًا ۖ وَأَمَّا ٱلْـَٔاخَرُ فَيُصْلَبُ فَتَأْكُلُ ٱلطَّيْرُ مِن رَّأْسِهِۦ ۚ قُضِىَ ٱلْأَمْرُ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ تَسْتَفْتِيَانِ

"O my two companions of the prison! As to one of you, he will pour out the wine for his lord to drink: as for the other, he will hang from the cross, and the birds will eat from off his head. (so) hath been decreed that matter whereof ye twain do enquire"...

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, [aor. صَلُبَ ,] inf. n. صَلَابَةٌ ; (S, M, A, Msb, K, &c.;) and صَلِبَ , aor. صَلَبَ ; (IKtt, A, K;) and صلّب , inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ ; (K; [but this last, accord. to the TA, is trans. only;]) said of a thing, (S, Msb,) [and of a man,] It [and he] was, or became, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. اِشْتَدَّ ; (S, * A, * Msb, K; *) contr. of لَانَ . (M, TA.) [Hence,] صَلُبَتِ الأَرْضُ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ [The land has been hard by lying waste for years]; said of land that has not been sown for a long time. (A, TA.) And صَلُبَ عَلَى المَالِ , inf. n. as above, He was, or became, tenacious, or avaricious, of property, or the property. (M, L.) [And صَلُبَ الشَّرَابُ , inf. n. as above, The wine became strong. ( حَدُّ الشَّرَابِ is expl. in the S and L, in art. حد , as meaning صَلَابَتُهُ .)] صَلَبَ العِظَامَ , (M, K,) aor. صَلِبَ , inf. n. صَلْبٌ ; (M;) and اصطلبها ; (M, K;) He cooked, (M,) or collected and cooked, (TA,) the bones, (M, TA,) and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (M, K, TA,) to make use of it as a seasoning: (TA:) or اصطلب [alone] he extracted the grease, or oily matter, of bones, (S,) or he collected bones, and extracted their grease, or oily matter, (Msb,) to make use of it as a seasoning. (S, Msb.) And in like manner one says of one who roasts, or broils, or fries, flesh-meat and makes its grease to flow: (M:) i. e. one says, صَلَبَ اللَّحْمَ , (M, * K, TA,) and اصطلب [alone], (M,) He roasted, or broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat, (M, K, TA,) and made its grease to flow. (M, TA.) And, (K,) as Sh says, (TA,), صَلَبَهُ , aor. صَلِبَ and صَلُبَ , (K, TA,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ , (TA,) He, or it, burned him: (K, TA:) and صَلَبَتْهُ الشَّمْسُ The sun burned him [app. causing his sweat to flow]. (TA.) And صَلَبَهُ , (S, M, A, Msb, K,) aor. صَلِبَ , (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَلْبٌ ; (S, M, Msb;) and صلّبهُ , (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ , (K,) or the verb with teshdeed is said of a pl. number; (S, A;;) [He crucified him;] he put him to death in a certain well-known manner; (M, L;) he made him to be مَصْلُوب ; (K) namely, one who had slain another; (Msb;) or a thief: (A:) from صَلَبَ العِظَامَ ; because the oily matter, and the ichor mixed with blood, of the person so put to death flows. (M.) [Hence] الصَّلْبُ in prayer means The placing the hands upon the flanks, in standing, and separating the arms from the body: a posture forbidden by the Prophet because resembling that of a man when he is crucified ( إِذَا صُلِبَ ), the arms of the man in this case being extended upon the timber. (TA.) [Hence also,] صَلَبَ الدَّلْوَ , (M, K,) and صَلَّبَهَا , (M,) He put upon the دلو [or leathern bucket] what are called صَلِيبَانِ , (M, L, K,) which are two pieces of wood placed cross-wise [to keep it from collapsing], like what are called the عَرْقُوَتَانِ . (M, L.) صَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ حُمَّاهُ , (S, M, A, Msb, * K,) aor. صَلِبَ , (S,) His fever was continual, (S, A, Msb, K,) and vehement: (S, A, K:) or was of the kind termed صَالِب [q. v.]. (M, TA.)
Form 2صلّبهُ8 senses · 3 main
maṣdarتَصْلِيبٌ

Core sense — he made it hard, or firm, or strong; he figured a cross on itgenerated

2.1

He, or it, made it, or him, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, or sturdy..

El-Aashà says

shāhid
مِنْ سَرَاةِ الهِجَانِ صَلَّبَهَا العُضُّ وَرِعْىُ الحِمَى وَطُولُ الحِيَالِ

— that is: [Than the back of the excellent she-camel] which the provender of cities, such as the trefoil called قَتّ and date-stones, and the pasture of El-Himè (meaning Himè Dareeyeh, the pasture ground of the camels of the kings), and being long without conceiving, have made hard, or firm, or strong.

2.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe made the beverage strong by means of the grain—صلّب النَّبِيذَ بِحَبِّ الدَّاذِىِّ

The beverage is the one termed نبيذ, and the grain the one called حبّ الداذىّ.

Mentioned in the article دوذ.

2.2the ripe dates became dry—صَلَّبَ الرُّطَبُ

.

the date became dry—صَلَّبَتِ التَّمْرَةُ
2.2.1

Perhaps for this reason صَلَّبَ is said in the K to be synonymous with صَلُبَ; see form 1, first sentence.

2.3

See also form 1, latter half, in two places.

2.3.1he made, or took, for himself a cross in his church—صلّب
they made, or took, for themselves crosses in their churches—صلّبوا

Said of a monk, and of monks; the thing made is a صَلِيب [or cross].

2.3.2the making of the sign of the cross; the figuring of a cross, or crosses, upon a garment, and hence the figure itself—التَّصْلِيبُ
[He cut off the place of the figuring of the cross, or crosses, from it]—قَضَبَ التَّصْلِيبَ

The maṣdar is thus used as a noun proper.

Said of the Prophet in a tradition; meaning قَطَعَ مَوْضِعَ التَّصْلِيبِ مِنْهُ.

he made a mark like the cross between his eyes with a blow—صَلَّبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ

This occurs in a tradition.

2.3.3[She disposed her muffler cross-wise]—صَلَّبَتْ خِمَارَهَا

Also a particular way of wearing, or arranging, the muffler called خِمَار, said of a woman.

A man's praying فِى تَصْلِيبِ العِمَامَةِ, with the turban disposed cross-wise, is disapproved: he should wind it so that one part, or fold, of it is above another, not across it.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2
5:33
إِنَّمَا جَزَٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوٓا۟ أَوْ يُصَلَّبُوٓا۟ أَوْ تُقَطَّعَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَرْجُلُهُم مِّنْ خِلَـٰفٍ أَوْ يُنفَوْا۟ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُمْ خِزْىٌ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَهُمْ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ

The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter;

7:124
لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَـٰفٍ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

"Be sure I will cut off your hands and your feet on apposite sides, and I will cause you all to die on the cross."

20:71
قَالَ ءَامَنتُمْ لَهُۥ قَبْلَ أَنْ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ ٱلَّذِى عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱلسِّحْرَ ۖ فَلَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَـٰفٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ فِى جُذُوعِ ٱلنَّخْلِ وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ أَيُّنَآ أَشَدُّ عَذَابًا وَأَبْقَىٰ

(Pharaoh) said: "Believe ye in Him before I give you permission? Surely this must be your leader, who has taught you magic! be sure I will cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, and I will have you crucified on trunks of palm-trees: so shall ye know for certain, which of us can give the more severe and the more lasting punishment!"

26:49
قَالَ ءَامَنتُمْ لَهُۥ قَبْلَ أَنْ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ ٱلَّذِى عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱلسِّحْرَ فَلَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ ۚ لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَـٰفٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

Said (Pharaoh): "Believe ye in Him before I give you permission? surely he is your leader, who has taught you sorcery! but soon shall ye know! Be sure I will cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, and I will cause you all to die on the cross!"

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ , TA,) He, or it, rendered it, or him, hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. (S, M, K, TA.) El-Aashà says, 1 (S, TA) i. e. [Than the back of the excellent she-camel] which the provender of cities, such as [the trefoil called] قَتّ , and date-stones, and the pasture of El-Himè, meaning Himè Dareeyeh, the place of pasture of the camels of the kings, and the being long without conceiving, (TA,) have rendered hard, or firm, or strong. (S, TA.) مِنْ سَرَاةِ الهِجَانِ صَلَّبَهَا العُ | ضُّ وَرِعْىُ الحِمَى وَطُولُ الحِيَالِ [Hence] one says, صلّب النَّبِيذَ بِحَبِّ الدَّاذِىِّ [He made the beverage termed نبيذ to become strong by means of the grain called حبّ الداذىّ ]. (Mgh in art. دوذ .) صَلَّبَ الرُّطَبُ , (AA, S, K,) inf. n. تَصْلِيبٌ , (AA, TA,) The ripe dates became dry: (AA, S, K:) and صَلَّبَتِ التَّمْرَةُ the date became dry. (M, L.) [Hence, perhaps, صَلَّبَ is said in the K to be syn. with صَلُبَ :] see 1, first sentence. See also 1, latter half, in two places. صلّب said of a monk, (M,) or صلّبوا (K, TA) said of monks, (TA,) He, (M,) or they, (K, TA,) made, or took, (M, K, TA,) for himself, (M,) or for themselves, (K, TA,) a صَلِيب [or cross], (M, K, TA,) in his church, (M,) or in their churches. (TA.) التَّصْلِيبُ also signifies [The making the sign of the cross. And] The figuring of a cross [or crosses] upon a garment; (T, Mgh, TA;) and hence, the figure thereof; the inf. n. being thus used as a subst. properly so termed; (Mgh;) as in a trad. where it is said of the Prophet, قَضَبَ التَّصْلِيبَ ; meaning قَطَعَ مَوْضِعَ التَّصْلِيبِ مِنْهُ [He cut off the place of the figuring of the cross, or crosses, from it]. (T, Mgh, TA.) And صَلَّبَ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيْهِ occurs in a trad., meaning He made a mark like the cross between his eyes by a blow. (TA.) Also A particular mode of wearing, or disposing, the [muffler called] خِمَار , (M, K,) for a woman. (K.) One says of a woman, صَلَّبَتْ خِمَارَهَا [She disposed her muffler cross-wise]. (TA.) And a man's praying فِى تَصْلِيبِ العِمَامَةِ [with the turban disposed cross-wise] is disapproved: he should wind it so that one part [or fold] thereof is above [not across] another. (TA.)
Form 4اصلبت1 sense
maṣdarإِصْلَابٌ

Core sense — she (a camel) stretched out her neck to yield her utmost milkgenerated

4.1

She (a camel) stood stretching out her neck towards the sky, in order to yield her utmost flow of milk to her young one..

Show Lane's original text
, (AA, K,) inf. n. إِصْلَابٌ , (AA, TA,) She (a camel) stood stretching forth her neck towards the sky, in order to yield her utmost flow of milk to her young one. (AA, K, TA.)
Form 5تصلّب1 sense

Core sense — he acted with forced hardness; he exerted his strengthgenerated

5.1figurative · مجاز

He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strength, vigour, hardiness, courage, severity, strictness, or rigour; he exerted his strength, force, or energy; he strained, or tasked, himself severely. Said of a man.

Synonym تَشَدَّدَ, which means جَهَدَ نَفْسَهُ, as in the article شد; لِذٰلِكَ [for that].

Show Lane's original text
He acted, or behaved, with forced hardness, firmness, strength, vigour, hardiness, courage, vehemence, severity, strictness, or rigour; he exerted his strength, force, or energy; strained, or strained himself, or tasked himself severely; syn. تَشَدَّدَ ; (A, TA;) which means جَهَدَ نَفْسَهُ ; (L in art. شد ;) لِذٰلِكَ [for that]: (A:) said of a man. (TA.)
Form 8إِصْتَلَبَ1 sense

Core sense — he collected bones and extracted their grease for seasoninggenerated

8.1

See form 1, former half, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, former half, in three places.

Derived nouns 19

Nounصُلْبٌ10 senses · 2 main

Core sense — hard, firm, or strong; the back-bone, the loins; rank, or powergenerated

1

Hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy. Synonym شَدِيدٌ, the opposite of لَيِّنٌ.

Also صَلِيبٌ, صُلَّبٌ, and صَلَبٌ. The plural of the first or second, by analogy of the latter and also of the last, is صِلَابٌ.

1.1figurative · مجازa rugged, stony place—صُلْبٌ
a rugged, stony place—صَلَبٌ

Or the forms are مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ and صَلَبٌ.

a rugged, extending place of the earth or ground—صُلْبٌ
a hard part of the earth or ground—صَلَبٌ

Or this last means a tract of rugged, low land stretching along between two hills; or the acclivities of hills. Its plural is أَصْلَابٌ.

hard, extending tracts of ground—أَصْلَابٌ
a rugged, hard place—مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ

Or hard and elevated tracts of ground.

The plural of صُلْبٌ is صِلَبَةٌ.

[It has indeed been hard by lying waste for years]—إِنَّهَا أَصْلَابٌ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ

Said of land that has not been sown for a long time.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe is hard in respect of the places of biting; meaning he is strong, resisting, or unyielding, of spirit—هُوَ صُلْبُ المَعَاجِمِ

عَزِيزُ النَّفْسِ: thus صُلْبُ المَعْجَمِ is explained in the S and K, in the article عجم.

the same—صُلْبُ العُودِ
hard in respect of the staff; meaning hard, severe, or rigorous, in his treatment of the camels—صُلْبُ العَصَا

But in the S, in the article صبع, we find ضَعِيف in this verse instead of صَلِيب.

the same—صَلِيبُ العَصَا

Applied to a tender of camels.

Er-Rāʿee says

shāhid
صَلِيْبُ العَصَا بَادِى العُرُوقِ تَرَى لَهُعَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَا أَجْدَبَ النَّاسُ إِصْبَعَا

— [Hard, having the veins of his limbs appearing: you will see him with a finger pointing at them, that is, at his camels, because of their good condition, when the people are afflicted with drought].

1.3figurative · مجاز[He is hard, firm, or strong, in his religion]—هُوَ صُلْبٌ فِى دِينِهِ
the same—صُلَّبٌ
1.4figurative · مجازa hard, or violent, running—جَرْىٌ صُلْبٌ

Or صَلِيبٌ.

1.5figurative · مجازa violent neighing—صَهِيلٌ صُلْبٌ
a violent sound, cry, or voice—صَلِيبٌ صَوْتٌ
2the back-bone—صُلُبٌ
the back-bone—صَلَبٌ
the back-bone—صَالِبٌ

This last is rarely used, and is said to occur only once, in poetry; but another instance of it in poetry is cited.

That is, the bone extending from the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the عَجْب [or rump bone]; the bone upon which the neck is set, extending to the root of the tail in a beast, and in a man to the عُصْعُص [or os coccygis]. So Zj in his “Khalk el-Insán.”

Or a portion of the back; and any portion of the back containing vertebrae; and particularly the lumbar portion, the loins; and the back generally, as is said in an explanation of a verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd cited below.

Plural, of many, صِلَبَةٌ; of few, أَصْلُبٌ and أَصْلَابٌ, each of which two is used in poetry in a singular sense, as though every part of the صُلْب were regarded as a صُلْب in itself. Also صِلْبَةٌ, of which ISd says that he does not think it well established unless it is a contraction of صِلَبَةٌ.

[These are the sons of their loins]—هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبْنَآءُ صِلَبَتِهِمْ

Lh mentions this as a phrase of the Arabs. The sperma of the man is held to proceed from the صُلْب of the man.

2.1the middle of a page—صُلْبٌ

As distinguished from the هَامِش, or margin; and in the same way of other things.

2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredrank or quality; and power, or strength—صُلْبٌ

Some relate the second hemistich otherwise:

shāhid 2
فَوْقَ مَنْ أَحْكَأَ صُلْبًا بِإِزَارْ

, meaning above such as binds the back with an izár.

Synonym حَسَبٌ, meaning rank or quality and the like.

'Adee Ibn-Zeyd says

shāhid 1
إِجْلَ أَنَّ ٱللّٰهَ قَدْ فَضَّلَكُمْفَوْقَ مَا أَحْكِى بِصُلْبٍ وَإِزَارْ

— [Because God has given you excellence above what I can relate, in rank or quality, or in power, and abstinence from unlawful things].

AA says that صُلْب here means حَسَب, and إِزَار here means عَفَاف; but some explain صُلْب here by both حَسَب and قُوَّة.

[He who strives to overcome] the power of God [is overcome]—إِنَّ المُغَالِبَ صُلْبَ ٱللّٰهِ مَغْلُوبٌ

Said in a tradition.

2.3sexual intercourse—جِمَاع

So called because the sperma issues from the part called by this name.

Show Lane's original text
Hard, firm, rigid, stiff, tough, strong, robust, sturdy, or hardy; syn. شَدِيدٌ ; (S, A, Msb, * K;) contr. of لَيِّنٌ ; (M, TA;) as also صَلِيبٌ and صُلَّبٌ (S, M, A, K) and صَلَبٌ : (M:) pl. of the first or second, [accord. to analogy of the latter, and also of the last,] صِلَابٌ . (M, A.) [Hence,] صُلْبٌ and صَلَبٌ , (K,) or مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ and صَلَبٌ , (M,) A rugged, stony place: (M, K; *) or صُلْبٌ signifies a rugged, extending place, of the earth or ground; and صَلَبٌ , a hard part of the earth or ground: (S:) or this last, a tract of rugged depressed land stretching along between two hills: (Sh, TA:) or the acclivities of hills; and its pl. is أَصْلَابٌ : (TA:) or أَصْلَابٌ signifies hard, extending, [tracts of] ground: (As, TA:) or hard and elevated [tracts of] ground: (IAar, TA:) and مَكَانٌ صُلْبٌ , a rugged, hard place: (Msb:) the pl. (of صُلْبٌ , S) is صِلَبَةٌ . (S, M, K.) One says of land that has not been sown for a long time, إِنَّهَا أَصْلَابٌ مُنْذُ أَعْوَامٍ [Verily it has been hard by lying waste for years]. (A, TA.) [Hence also,] هُوَ صُلْبُ المَعَاجِمِ [lit. He is hard, &c., in respect of the places of biting; meaning he is strong, or resisting, or indomitable, of spirit; ( عَزِيزُ النَّفْسِ ;) thus صُلْبُ المَعْجَمِ is expl. in the S and K in art. عجم ]: and صُلْبُ العُودِ [which means the same]. (A, TA.) And صُلْبُ العَصَا and صَلِيبُ العَصَا , applied to a tender of camels; [lit. Hard, &c., in respect of the staff;] meaning hard, severe, or rigorous, in his treatment of the camels: Er-Rá'ee says, 1 [Hard, &c., having the veins of his limbs appearing: thou wilt see him to have a finger pointing at them, i. e. his camels, because of their good condition, when the people are afflicted with drought]. (M, TA. But in the S, in art. صبع , we find ضَعِيف in this verse instead of صَلِيب .) صَلِيْبُ العَصَا بَادِى العُرُوقِ تَرَى لَهُ | عَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَا أَجْدَبَ النَّاسُ إِصْبَعَا And [in like manner] هُوَ صُلْبٌ فِى دِينِهِ and صُلَّبٌ [He is hard, firm, or strong, in his religion]. (A, TA.) And جَرْىٌ صُلْبٌ (Lth, TA) or صَلِيبٌ (M, L, TA) A hard, or vehement, running. (Lth, M, L, TA.) And صَهِيلٌ صُلْبٌ A vehement neighing. (Lth, TA.) And صَلِيبٌ صَوْتٌ A vehement sound or cry or voice. (M, L, TA.) Also, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and صُلُبٌ (Msb, TA) and صَلَبٌ (S, M, A, K) and صَالِبٌ , (IAth, L, K,) which last is rarely used, (IAth, TA,) and is said to occur only in one instance, in poetry, but another instance of it in poetry is cited, (TA,) The back-bone; i. e. the bone extending from the كَاهِل [or base of the neck] to the عَجْب [or rump bone]; (M, A, K;) the bone upon which the neck is set, extending to the root of the tail [in a beast], and in a man to the عُصْعُص [or os coccygis]: (Zj in his “ Khalk el-Insán: ”) or a portion of the back: (S:) and any portion of the back containing vertebræ: (S, Msb, TA:) [and particularly the lumbar portion; the lions:] and the back [absolutely]; as is said in an explanation of a verse of 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd cited in what follows: (M, TA:) pl. [of mult.] صِلَبَةٌ and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ and أَصْلَابٌ , (M, K,) each of which two is used in poetry in a sing. sense, as though every part of the صُلْب were regarded as a صُلْب in itself, and صِلْبَةٌ , (M, TA,) of which last ISd says, [but this I do not find in the M,] I do not think it to be of established authority, unless it be a contraction of صِلَبَةٌ . (TA.) Lh mentions, as a phrase of the Arabs, هٰؤُلَآءِ أَبْنَآءُ صِلَبَتِهِمْ [These are the sons of their loins: because the sperma of the man is held to proceed from the صُلْب of the man, as is said in the Ksh &c. in lxxxvi. 7]. (M. [See also a similar phrase in the Kr iv. 27.]) [Hence صُلْبٌ is used as signifying The middle of a page, as distinguished from the هَامِش (or margin): and in like manner, of other things.] [Hence, likewise,] صُلْبٌ signifies also حَسَبٌ [meaning Rank or quality, &c.]: (AA, S, M, K:) and power, or strength. (M, K.) A poet says, (M,) namely, 'Adee Ibn-Zeyd, (S, TA,) 1 [Because God hath made you to have excellence above what I can relate, in rank or quality, or in power, and abstinence from unlawful things]: (S, M, TA:) AA says that صُلْب here signifies حَسَب ; (S;) and إِزَار here signifies عَفَاف : (S, M, TA:) but some expl. صُلْب here by both حَسَب and قُوَّة : and some relate the latter hemistich otherwise, i. e. 2 meaning above such as binds the back with an izár. (M, TA.) And it is said in a trad., إِنَّ المُغَالِبَ صُلْبَ ٱللّٰهِ مَغْلُوبٌ , meaning [Verily he who strives to overcome] the power of God [is overcome]. (TA.) إِجْلَ أَنَّ ٱللّٰهَ قَدْ فَضَّلَكُمْ | فَوْقَ مَا أَحْكِى بِصُلْبٍ وَإِزَارْ فَوْقَ مَنْ أَحْكَأَ صُلْبًا بِإِزَارْ Also Coitus ( جِمَاع ): because the sperma [of the man] issues from the part so called. (TA.)
Nounصَلَبٌ2 senses

Core sense — a rugged, stony place; hard groundgenerated

1

This, and its plural أَصْلَابٌ: see صُلْبٌ, former half, in six places.

2

See also صَلِيبٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
, and its pl. أَصْلَابٌ : see صُلْبٌ , former half, in six places: and see also صَلِيبٌ , in two places.
Nounصُلَبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain bird like a hawk that does not preygenerated

1

A certain bird resembling the صَقْر [or hawk], but which does not prey, and which is loud, or violent, in its cry.

Show Lane's original text
A certain bird, (O, K,) resembling the صَقْر [or hawk], but which does not prey, and which is vehement, or loud, in its cry. (O.)
Nounصُلُبٌ1 sense

Core sense — the back-bone; the loinsgenerated

1

See صُلْبٌ, near the middle.

Show Lane's original text
: see صُلْبٌ , near the middle.
Nounصَلِيبٌ12 senses · 4 main

Core sense — a cross; grease, or oily matter, of bones; a brand on camelsgenerated

1

See صُلْبٌ, former half, in five places.

1.1figurative · مجازwater on which cattle grow fat, strong, and hard—مَآءٌ صَلِيبٌ
1.2figurative · مجازan Arabian of pure race—عَرَبِىٌّ صَلِيبٌ
a woman of noble, or generous, origin—اِمْرَأَةٌ صَلِيبَةٌ
2those who collect bones, cook them with water, extract their grease, and use it as a seasoning—أَصْحَابُ الصُّلُبِ

Also grease, or oily matter, of bones; and so صَلَبٌ, which also means ichor, or watery humour mixed with blood, that flows from the dead. The plural is صُلُبٌ.

This phrase occurs in a tradition, and describes those who take bones when the flesh has been stripped off them; in the CK الصَّلَبِ.

3

A cross: a certain thing belonging to the Christians, which they take as an object toward which to direct the face in prayer.

Plural, of many, صُلْبَانٌ and صُلُبٌ; of few, أَصْلُبٌ.

3.1

And the figure of a cross upon a garment and the like: see مُصَلَّبٌ.

3.2

And a certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon camels.

Aboo-'Alee says in the “Tedhkireh” that it is sometimes large and sometimes small, and may be on the cheeks, the neck, or the thighs; or, as some say, it is on the temple; and as some say, on the neck, being two lines, one across the other.

3.3

Same as عَلَمٌ, meaning a banner, or standard, properly in the form of a cross.

En-Nábighah Edh-Dhubyánee is said to have called the عَلَم by this name because there was a صَلِيب [that is, a cross] upon it; for he was a Christian.

3.4figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence, according to Freytag, an army of ten thousand soldiers; he refers to the “Historia Halebi” and “Locman. Fabul.”, p. 43 — the text is unclear, and the number may be 42 — lines 5 and 8.

3.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

الصَّلِيبُ is the name of the four stars behind النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ, which is the asterism made up of the three principal stars of Aquila; so this seems to be the four principal stars of Delphinus.

J says, without due care, that they are behind النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ, which is Lyra.

Freytag says, referring to Ideler, Unters. p. 35, that الصليب الواقع is the name of stars in the head of Draco.

3.6

صَلِيبَانِ of a leathern bucket: see form 1, next to last sentence.

4

See also مَصْلُوبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see صُلْبٌ , former half, in five places. [Hence,] مَآءٌ صَلِيبٌ Water upon which cattle grow fat and strong and hard. (A, TA.) And عَرَبِىٌّ صَلِيبٌ An Arabian of pure race: (A, Mgh, TA:) and اِمْرَأَةٌ صَلِيبَةٌ A woman of noble, or generous, origin. (A, TA.) Also Grease, or oily matter, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) of bones; (S, M, * Msb;) and so صَلَبٌ ; (M, K;) which latter signifies also ichor, or watery humour, mixed with blood, that flows from the dead: (M:) pl. [of the former accord. to analogy, and perhaps of the latter also,] صُلُبٌ . (K.) Hence, in a trad., the phrase أَصْحَابُ الصُّلُبِ [in the CK الصَّلَبِ ] Those who collect bones, (K, TA,) when the flesh has been stripped off from them, and cook them with water, (TA,) and extract their grease, or oily matter, and use it as a seasoning. (K, TA.) Also [A cross;] a certain thing pertaining to the Christians, (Lth, S, M, Msb, K,) which they take as an object to which to direct the face in prayer: (Lth, TA:) pl. [of mult.] صُلْبَانٌ (S, M, A, Msb) and صُلُبٌ (Lth, S, M) and [of pauc.] أَصْلُبٌ . (Msb.) [And The figure of a cross upon a garment &c.: see مُصَلَّبٌ .] And A certain brand, or mark made with a hot iron, upon camels; (M, K;) which, as Aboo- 'Alee says in the “ Tedhkireh, ” is sometimes large and sometimes small, and may be upon the cheeks, and the neck, and the thighs: (M, TA:) or, as some say, it is upon the temple; and as some say, upon the neck; being two lines, one upon [or across] the other. (TA.) And i. q. عَلَمٌ [as meaning A banner, or standard; properly, in the form of a cross]: (O, K:) En-Nábighah Edh-Dhubyánee is said to have thus called the عَلَم because there was upon it a صَلِيب [i. e. a cross]; for he was a Christian. (O.) [And hence, as Freytag says, (referring to the “ Historia Halebi ” and “ Locman. Fabul. ” p. ٤٣ The text is unclear, the number could be 43 or 42. 1. 5. 8,) An army of ten thousand soldiers.] And الصَّلِيبُ is the name of The four stars behind النَّسْرُ الطَّائِرُ [which is the asterism consisting of the three principal stars of Aquila; whence it seems to be the four principal stars of Delphinus]: inconsiderately said by J to be behind النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [which is Lyræ]. (L, K, and so in the margin of some copies of the S,) [And Freytag says, (referring to Ideler Unters. p. 35,) that الصليب الواقع is the name of Stars in the head of Draco.] صَلِيبَانِ of a leathern bucket: see 1, last sentence but one. See also مَصْلُوبٌ .
Nounصَلَابَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — hardness, firmness; hard groundgenerated

1

Maṣdar of صَلُبَ.

1.1figurative · مجازhe walked, or went along, upon hard ground—مَشَى فِى صَلَابَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ

Here the word is used as a noun proper.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of صَلُبَ . (S, M, A, &c.) [Using it as a subst. properly so called,] one says, مَشَى فِى صَلَابَةٍ مِنَ الأَرْضِ [He walked, or went along, upon hard ground]. (A, TA.)
Nounصَلِيبَةُ الرَّجُلِ1 sense

Core sense — those who were in the loins of a man's father, or ancestorgenerated

1

The one, or those, who were in the loins of the father, or ancestor, of the man.

Hence the family of the Prophet, who are forbidden to receive of the poor-rate, are termed صَلِيبَةُ بَنِى هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِى عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ.

Show Lane's original text
He who was, or those who were, in the loins ( صُلْب ) of the father [or ancestor] of the man: hence the family of the Prophet, who are forbidden to receive of the poor-rate, are termed صَلِيبَةُ بَنِى هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِى عَبْدِ المُطَّلِبِ . (Mgh.)
Nounصُلَّبٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a hard stone, the hardest of stones; a whetstonegenerated

1

See صُلْبٌ, former half, in two places.

1.1

Also a hard stone; the hardest of stones.

1.2

And whetstones; as also صُلَّبَةٌ, صُلَّبِىٌّ, and صُلَّبِيَّةٌ [or a whetstone], or a thing like a whetstone.

1.3

See also صُلَّبِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
: see صُلْبٌ , former half, in two places. Also A hard stone, the hardest of stones. (TA.) And Whetstones; (S, M, K, TA;) as also صُلَّبَةٌ (TA) and صُلَّبِىٌّ (M, K, TA;) and صُلَّبِيَّةٌ : (S, M, K, TA:) [or a whetstone:] or [a thing] like a whetstone. (A.) See also صُلَّبِىٌّ .
Nounصُلَّبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a hard stone; a whetstonegenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounصُلَّبِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a sharpened spear-head; a spear sharpened on a whetstonegenerated

1

See صُلَّبٌ.

1.1a spear sharpened with the whetstone—مُصَلَّبٌ

Also a sharpened spear-head; and so مُصَلَّبٌ, or صُلَّبٌ, though this last is perhaps a miswriting for مُصَلَّبٌ; or a thing polished and sharpened with whetstones.

The whetstone here is the ضُلَّبِىّ; or the meaning is a spear-head sharpened upon the صُلَّب, which is like the whetstone.

Show Lane's original text
: see صُلَّبٌ . Also A spear-head sharpened; (S, TA;) and so مُصَلَّبٌ , (S,) or صُلَّبٌ : (TA: [but this last is perhaps a mistranscription for مُصَلَّبٌ :]) or a thing polished and sharpened with whetstones: (K:) and مُصَلَّبٌ signifies a spear sharpened with the ضُلَّبِىّ , (M, TA,) or a spear-head sharpened upon the صُلَّب , which is like the whetstone. (A.)
Nounصُلَّبِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a whetstonegenerated

1

See صُلَّبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see صُلَّبٌ .
Nounصُلْبُوبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a musical reed, or pipe; the tube in its headgenerated

1

The مِزْمَار [or musical reed, or pipe]; or, as some say, the قَصَبَة [or tube] that is in the head of the مزمار, apparently meaning its mouth-piece.

Show Lane's original text
The مِزْمَار [or musical reed, or pipe]: (O, K:) or, as some say, the قَصَبَة [or tube] that is in the head of the مزمار [app. meaning its mouth-piece]. (O.)
Nounصَالِبٌ2 senses

Core sense — a hot fever, without shivering; a continual fevergenerated

1[Fever with burning heat seized him]—أَخَذَتْهُ الحُمَّى بِصَالِبٍ

A hot fever; the opposite of نَافِضٌ, which means attended with shivering, or trembling.

Or a fever not of the kind termed نَافِضٌ; or a fever with violent heat and no cold; or a fever with tremour and quivering of the skin; or a continual fever; or a fever attended with صُدَاع [or headache].

Ibn-Buzurj says it is from the صُدَاع. It is masculine and feminine.

The first of these two is the more chaste; and one seldom or never puts one of the two nouns in the genitive after the other. According to Fr, they said حُمَّى صَالِبٌ, حُمَّى صَالِبٍ, and صَالِبُ حُمَّى.

the same in effect—أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى صَالِبٌ
[My burning fever is more severe than your fever attended with shivering]—صَالِبِى أَشَدُّ مِنْ نَافِضِكَ

A proverb, applied to two things, or events, of which one is more severe than the other.

2

See also صُلْبٌ, in the middle of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
A hot fever; contr. of نَافِضٌ [which means “ attended with shivering, or trembling ”]: (S:) or a fever not such as is termed نَافِضٌ : (M:) or a fever attended with vehement heat, and not attended with cold: (TA:) or a fever attended with tremour (A, K, TA) and quivering of the skin: (TA:) or a continual fever: (Msb:) or a fever attended with صُدَاع [or headache]: (Ham p. 345:) it is said by Ibn-Buzurj to be from the صُدَاع : (L, TA:) it is masc. and fem.: one says, أَخَذَتْهُ الحُمَّى بِصَالِبٍ [which may be rendered Fever with burning heat, &c., seized him] and أَخَذَتْهُ حُمَّى صَالِبٌ [virtually meaning the same]; the former of which is the more chaste: and one seldom or never makes one of the two nouns to govern the other in the gen. case: (M, TA:) or, accord. to Fr, they said حُمَّى صَالِبٌ and حُمَّى صَالِبٍ and صَالِبُ حُمَّى . (MF, TA.) صَالِبِى أَشَدُّ مِنْ نَافِضِكَ [My burning fever, or continual fever, &c., is more severe than thy fever attended with shivering] is a prov., (Meyd, TA,) applied to two things, or events, of which one is more severe than the other. (Meyd.) See also صُلْبٌ , in the middle of the paragraph.
Nounصَوْلَبٌ1 sense

Core sense — seed scattered on the ground and then ploughed ingenerated

1

This, and صَوْلِيبٌ, and in some of the lexicons صَيْلِيبٌ: seed that is scattered upon the ground, and over which the ground is then turned with the plough.

Az thinks it is not Arabic.

Show Lane's original text
and صَوْلِيبٌ , (Lth, O, K, TA,) in some of the lexicons صَيْلِيبٌ , (TA,) Seed that is scattered (Lth, O, K, TA) upon the earth, (Lth, O, TA,) and upon which the earth is then turned with the plough: (Lth, O, K, TA:) Az thinks it to be not Arabic. (TA.)
Nounصَوْلِيبٌ1 sense

Core sense — seed scattered on the ground and then ploughed ingenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounصَيْلِيبٌ1 sense

Core sense — seed scattered on the ground and then ploughed ingenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounمُصَلَّبٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — cloth figured with crosses; a camel branded with the crossgenerated

1

A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with the likeness of the صَلِيب [or cross]; or figured with a صَلِيب; or figured with the likenesses of صُلْبَان [or crosses]. See form 2.

1.1

And a camel marked with the brand called the صَلِيب; also مَصْلُوبٌ. The feminine of the latter, with ة, is applied to a she-camel, as is that of the former also, applied to camels.

1.2

And an Abyssinian marked with the figure of the صَلِيب [or cross] upon his face.

2

See also صُلَّبِىٌّ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
A garment, or piece of cloth, figured with the resemblance of the صَلِيب [or cross]: (S, M, TA:) or figured with a صَلِيب : (A, Msb:) or figured with the resemblances of صُلْبَان [or crosses]. (TA.) [See 2.] And A camel marked with the brand called the صَلِيب ; (M, A, TA;)as also مَصْلُوبٌ : fem. of the latter with ة , applied to a she-camel; (M, TA;) as of the former also, applied to camels. (TA.) And An Abyssinian ( حَبَشِىٌّ ) marked with the figure of the صَلِيب [or cross] upon his face. (A, TA.) See also صُلَّبِىٌّ , in two places.
Nounرُطَبٌ مَصَلِّبٌ2 senses

Core sense — ripe dates that are becoming, or have become, drygenerated

1a date becoming, or having become, dry—تَمْرَةٌ مُصَلِّبَةٌ

Ripe dates becoming, or having become, dry.

When date-honey has been poured on such dates so that they become soft, they are termed مُصَقَّرٌ.

2violent, injurious rain—مَطَرٌ مُصَلِّبٌ
Show Lane's original text
, (S, K,) and تَمْرَةٌ مُصَلِّبَةٌ , (M,) [Ripe dates, and a date,] becoming, or having become, dry. (S, M, K.) When date-honey ( دِبْس ) has been poured on such dates, that they may become soft, they are termed مُصَقَّرٌ . (S.) مَطَرٌ مُصَلِّبٌ Vehement, injurious rain. (L, TA.)
Nounمَصْلْوبٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — crucified, put to death in the well-known mannergenerated

1

Crucified; put to death in a certain well-known manner; also صَلِيبٌ. Applied to one who has slain another, or to a thief. See form 1, latter half.

1.1

See also مُصَلَّبٌ.

2affected by a continual and violent fever—مَصْلُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ

Or by a fever of the kind termed صَالِبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(M, A, Msb, K) and صَلِيبٌ (M, A, K) [Crucified;] put to death in a certain wellknown manner: (M:) applied to a slayer of another, (Msb,) or to a thief. (A.) [See 1, latter half.] See also مُصَلَّبٌ . مَصْلُوبٌ عَلَيْهِ Affected by a continual and vehement fever; (S, TA;) or by a fever such as is termed صَالِبٌ . (TA.)