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صفر

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Form 1صَفَرَ3 senses
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarصَفِيرٌ صَفَرٌ صُفُورَةٌ صَفْرٌ

Core sense — he whistled; it became empty; he had yellow water in his bellygenerated

1.1he, or it, whistled; he made a sound without uttering letters—صفّر

with which صُفَارٌ is synonymous in a phrase mentioned below; the other form has maṣdar تَصْفِيرٌ.

Said of a bird, of a vulture, of a serpent, or of the أَسْوَد or أَعْرَج or اِبْن قِتْرَة or أَصَلَة. Synonym مكَا.

[Mostly said of a bird: see an example under جَوٌّ.]

he whistled in the whistle—صَفَرَ فِى الصَّفَّارَةِ
he called the ass to water—صَفَرَ بِالْحِمَارِ
he called the ass to water—صفّر
there was a whistling in his speech—كَانَ فِى كَلَامِهِ صَفَارٌ

This is done by whistling; to do so is the common custom of the Arabs.

Fr mentions this phrase, meaning صَفِيرٌ.

1.2figurative · مجازit, or he, became empty, void, or vacant—صَفِرَ

maṣdar صَفَرٌ and صُفُورٌ; and according to the T, صَفَرَ.

Said of a house or tent; of a vessel, مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ [of food and beverage]; of a skin, مِنَ اللَّبَنِ [of milk]; of a hand; and of a thing.

According to ISk, صَفِرَ, is said of a man. [See also form 4, last sentence but one.]

we seek God's protection from the yard emptying of cattle and the vessel emptying—نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ قَرَعِ الفِنَآءِ وَصَفَرِ الإِنَآءِ
his milk-skins, and his vessel, became empty; meaning he died, he perished—صَفِرَتْ وِطَابُهُ

That is, from the perishing of the cattle.

In the CK erroneously وَطْاَتُهُ. It is also said as صَفِرَ إِنَاؤُهُ.

See also other explanations in the article وطب.

1.3he had yellow water in his belly—صُفِرَ

. The complaint is termed صُفَار.

Show Lane's original text
aor. صَفِرَ , inf. n. صَفِيرٌ , (S, M, K,) with which صُفَارٌ is syn. in a phrase mentioned below; (S;) and صفّر , (M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ ; (TA;) He, or it, (a bird, a vulture, S, and a serpent, or the أَسْوَد , or أَعْرَج , or اِبْن قِتْرَة , or أَصَلَة , M,) whistled; syn. مكَا ; (S;) made, or uttered, a certain sound, (M, Msb, * K,) without the utterance of letters. (Msb.) [It is mostly said of a bird: see an ex. voce جَوٌّ .] One says [also], صَفَرَ فِى الصَّفَّارَةِ [He whistled in the whistle]. (M, K.) And صَفَرَ بِالْحِمَارِ , and صفّر , He called the ass to water [by whistling; for to do thus is the common custom of the Arabs]. (M, K.) And Fr mentions the phrase, كَانَ فِى كَلَامِهِ صَفَارٌ , meaning صَفِيرٌ [i. e. There was in his speech a whistling]. (S.) صَفِرَ , aor. صَفَرَ , inf. n. صَفَرٌ (S, M, A, K, &c.) and صُفُورٌ ; (M, K;) and accord. to the T, صَفَرَ , aor. صَفُرَ , inf. n. صُفُورَةٌ ; (TA;) It, or he, was, or became, empty, void, or vacant; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) namely, a house or tent; (S;) or a vessel, (S, M, &c.,) مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ [of food and beverage]; and a skin, مِنَ اللَّبَنِ [of milk]; (TA;) and a hand; (A;) and a thing; (S, M;) and accord. to ISk, صَفِرَ , aor صَفَرَ , inf. n. صَفِيرٌ , is said of a man. (TA.) [See also 4, last sentence but one.] One says, نَعُوذُ بِاللّٰهِ مِنْ قَرَعِ الفِنَآءِ وَصَفَرِ الإِنَآءِ (S, M, A) [We seek preservation by God from the yard's becoming void of cattle, and the vessel's becoming empty;] meaning, from the perishing of the cattle. (S.) And صَفِرَتْ وِطَابُهُ , (M, A, K, [in the CK, erroneously, وَطْاَتُهُ ,]) and صَفِرَ إِنَاؤُهُ , (A,) [lit. His milk-skins, and his vessel, became empty;] meaning he died; (M, K;) he perished. (A. [See also other explanations in art. وطب .]) صُفِرَ , (M, K,) inf. n. صَفْرٌ , (K,) He had what is termed صُفَار , i. e. yellow water in his belly. (M, K.)
Form 2صَفَّرَ3 senses
maṣdarتَصْفِيرٌ

Core sense — he made it yellow, he dyed it yellowgenerated

2.1

See form 1, in two places.

2.2

See also form 4.

2.3he made it yellow; he dyed it yellow—صفّرهُ

. Said of a garment, or piece of cloth.

Show Lane's original text
see above, in two places. and see 4. Also صفّرهُ , (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ , (K,) He made it yellow: (S:) he dyed it yellow; (M, K;) namely, a garment, or piece of cloth. (M.)
Form 4اصفرهُ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he emptied it, he made it void; he became poorgenerated

4.1he emptied it; he made it void, or vacant—صفّرهُ

Maṣdar تَصْفِيرٌ. Said of a house or tent, and the like.

I have not overturned a vessel of yours, nor emptied a yard of yours—مَا أَصْغَيْتُ لَكَ إِنَآءً وَلَا أَصْفَرْتُ لَكَ فِنَآءً

The Arabs say this, meaning: I have not taken your camels or your property, so that your vessel should be overturned and you should find no milk to milk into it, and your yard should be empty and plundered, with no camel, sheep, or goat lying in it. It is said in excusing oneself.

4.2

According to Freytag, اصفر also means: it (a house) became empty, or void, of household goods, so that it is synonymous with صَفِرَ; and this is probably correct, because —

4.2.1he was, or became, poor—أَصْفَرَ

Said of a man.

Show Lane's original text
He emptied it; or made it void, or vacant; namely, a house or tent [&c.]; (M, K;) as also صفّرهُ , (K,) inf. n. تَصْفِيرٌ . (TA.) The Arabs say, مَا أَصْغَيْتُ لَكَ إِنَآءً وَلَا أَصْفَرْتُ لَكَ فِنَآءً [I have not overturned a vessel belonging to thee, nor have I emptied a yard belonging to thee]; meaning I have not taken thy camels nor thy property, so that thy vessel should be overturned and thou shouldst find no milk to milk into it, and so that thy yard should be empty, plundered, no camel or sheep or goat lying in it: it is said in excusing oneself. (M.) [Accord. to Freytag, اصفر signifies also It (a house) was, or became, empty, or void, of ( مِنْ ) household-goods: so that it is syn. with صَفِرَ : and this is probably correct: for ] أَصْفَرَ , (S, K,) also, (K,) signifies He was, or became, poor; (S, K;) said of a man. (S.)
Form 5تصفّر المَالُ1 sense

Core sense — the cattle came into good condition after the summer heatgenerated

5.1the camels became fat—تصفّرت الإِبِلُ

The cattle became in good condition, the violent heat of summer having left them.

According to Sgh: in the season called صَفَرِيَّة.

Show Lane's original text
The cattle became in good condition, the vehement heat of summer having departed from them: [or,] accord. to Sgh, تصفّرت الإِبِلُ signifies The camels became fat in the [season called the] صَفَرِيَّة . (TA.)
Form 9اصفرّ1 sense

Core sense — it became yellow; it became blackgenerated

9.1

It became أَصْفَر, that is, yellow, and also black; and so does اصفارّ.

Az: the first is used of what is so constantly, the second of what is so only for a time. [See form 9 in the article حمر.]

Show Lane's original text
It become أَصْفَر [i. e. yellow: and also black]: (S, M, K:) and so اصفارّ : (S, K:) or the former signifies it was so constantly: and the latter, it was so transiently. (Az, TA. [See 9 in art. حمر .])
Form 11إِصْفَاْرَّ1 sense

Core sense — it became yellow; it became blackgenerated

11.1

See the entry immediately before this one.

Show Lane's original text
see the next preceding paragraph.

Derived nouns 33

Nounصَفْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — empty, void, vacantgenerated

1

See صِفْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see صِفْرٌ .
Nounصُفْرٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — brass; gold; women's ornamentsgenerated

1

See صِفْرٌ.

2brass; the metal of which vessels are made—صِفْرٌ

According to AO this is the only form, but the first is the better one.

The same as نُحَاسٌ, which means both copper and brass; or a sort of نُحَاس or نُحَاس made yellow; or the best sort of نُحَاس, or an excellent sort of it.

Ism waḥda صُفْرَةٌ.

2.1

And gold. [See also الصَّفْرَآءُ under أَصْفَرُ.]

Or dinars, either because they are yellow (صُفْرٌ, plural of أَصْفَرُ), or because they resemble the صُفْر of which vessels are made.

2.2

And women's ornaments.

2.3he is in the state in which he needs to be rubbed with saffron—إِنَّهُ لَفِى صُفْرِهِ

So in an old and very excellent copy of the S; in another copy of it, and in Freytag's Lexicon, صُفْرَةٍ.

he is in the state in which he needs to be rubbed with saffron—صِفْرِهِ

on this sense This is apparently the meaning; it is said of a man affected by madness, in the days in which his reason fails, because they used to rub him with some saffron.

Qur’ānic occurrences صُفْر
77:33
كَأَنَّهُۥ جِمَـٰلَتٌ صُفْرٌ

"As if there were (a string of) yellow camels (marching swiftly)."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see صِفْرٌ . Also, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and صِفْرٌ accord. to AO, (S, M, Msb, *) who allowed no other form, but the former is the better, (M,) [Brass;] the metal of which vessels are made; (S;) i. q. نُحَاسٌ [which means both copper and brass]; (A, Msb;) or a sort of نُحَاس ; or نُحَاس made yellow; (M;) or the best sort of نُحَاس ; (Msb;) or an excellent sort thereof: (TA:) n. un. صُفْرَةٌ . (M.) And Gold: (M, A, K: [see also الصَّفْرَآءُ , voce أَصْفَرُ :]) or deenars; either because they are yellow ( صُفْرٌ [pl. of أَصْفَرُ ]), or thus called because resembling the صُفْر of which vessels are made. (M.) And Women's ornaments. (A.) إِنَّهُ لَفِى صُفْرِهِ , (S, O, TA, [thus in an old and very excellent copy of the S, in another copy of which I find, as in Freytag's Lex., صُفْرَةٍ ,]) and صِفْرِهِ , (TA,) [app. means He is in that state in which he requires to be rubbed with saffron; for it] is said of him who is affected by madness, when he is in the days in which his reason fails; because they used to rub him with somewhat of saffron. (S, O, L.)
Nounصِفْرٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — empty, void, vacant; zerogenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreda house, tent, or chamber empty of furniture and utensils—بَيْتٌ صِفْرٌ مِنَ المَتَاعِ

Also صُفْرٌ and صُفُرٌ and صَفِرٌ and صَفْرٌ and أَصْفَرُ: empty, void, or vacant; applied to a house or tent, to a vessel, and to a hand.

Each of the first three is used alike as masculine and feminine, singular [and dual] and plural, and apparently so is the last but one; and each has also the plural أَصْفَارٌ.

an empty vessel—إِنَآءٌ أَصْفَارٌ

Here the plural form of the adjective is applied to a singular noun, as one also says بُرْمَةٌ أَعْشَارٌ, on the authority of IAar.

empty vessels—آنِيَةٌ صِفْرٌ
a man empty-handed—رَجُلٌ صِفْرُ اليَدَيْنِ
void of good—صِفْرٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ
lank in her belly—صِفْرٌ رِدَاؤُهَا

Here the singular form of the adjective is applied to a plural noun.

Said in a tradition of Umm-Zara: as though her رداء, which is a garment that falls upon the belly and there ends, were empty.

it is utterly empty—هُوَ صِفْرٌ صِحْرٌ

صحر is an imitative sequent.

1.1a circle denoting nought, or zero, in Indian arithmetical notation—صِفْرٌ

The character ه denotes nought, or zero; from this comes our term “cipher”. When nought is denoted in this way, five is denoted by a character resembling our B; but more commonly, at the present day, nought is denoted by a round dot, and five by ه.

2

See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
(S, M, A, Msb, K) and صُفْرٌ and صُفُرٌ and صَفِرٌ (M, K) and صَفْرٌ (M) and أَصْفَرُ (Msb) Empty, void, or vacant; (S, M, A, Msb, K;) applied to a house or tent, (S, Msb,) and to a vessel, (M, A,) and to a hand: (A:) each of the first three is used alike as masc. and fem. and sing. [and dual] and pl.: (M:) [and so, app., is the last but one:] and each has also for its pl. أَصْفَارٌ . (M, K.) One says بَيْتٌ صِفْرٌ مِنَ المَتَاعِ A house, or tent, or chamber, empty, or void, of furniture and utensils. (S.) And [applying the pl. form of the epithet to a sing. subst.,] إِنَآءٌ أَصْفَارٌ An empty vessel; (M, K;) like as one says بُرْمَةٌ أَعْشَارٌ ; on the authority of IAar: (M:) and [applying the sing form of the epithet to a pl. subst.,] آنِيَةٌ صِفْرٌ empty vessels. (M, K.) And رَجُلٌ صِفْرُ اليَدَيْنِ A man empty-handed. (S, Msb.) And صِفْرٌ مِنَ الخَيْرِ Void of good. (TA.) And it is said, in a trad., of Umm-Zara, that she was صِفْرٌ رِدَاؤُهَا meaning Lank in her belly; as though her رداء , which is a garment that falls upon the belly and there ends, were empty. (TA.) And هُوَ صِفْرٌ صِحْرٌ It is [utterly] empty; صحر being an imitative sequent. (Kh, Ham p. 354.) صِفْرٌ in arithmetical notation, in the Indian method, is A circle [or the character ه , denoting nought, or zero; whence our term “ cipher: ” when nought is thus denoted, five is denoted by a character resembling our B: but more commonly, in the present day, nought is denoted by a round dot; and five, by ه ]. (L, TA.) See also صُفْرٌ , in two places.
Nounصَفَرٌ9 senses · 5 main

Core sense — the month Safar; hunger; a disease in the belly; a serpent in the bellygenerated

1

A maṣdar of صَفِرَ.

1.1a hungering once—صَفْرَةٌ

This is the maṣdar ism waḥda.

And hence: hunger.

1.2

Also a certain disease in the belly, which makes the face yellow; or a collecting of water in the belly. [See also صُفَارٌ.]

1.3figurative · مجازhe was hungry—عَضَّ عَلَى شُرْسُوفِهِ الصَّفَرُ

Also a kind of serpent, in the belly, which sticks to the ribs and bites them; or, as the Arabs assert, which bites a man when he is hungry, its bite causing the stinging that a man feels when he is hungry. Used alike as singular and plural; or one of them is termed صَفَرَةٌ.

It is said to be what is meant by the word in a tradition in which it is disacknowledged.

Or a certain reptile which bites the ribs and their cartilages.

Or a certain serpent in the belly, which attacks beasts and men, and which, according to the Arabs [of the time of Ignorance], passes from one to another more than the mange or scab (Ru-beh); the Prophet, however, denied that it did so.

It is said also that it oppresses and hurts a man when he is hungry; this is the explanation approved by Az.

Or, as also صُفَارٌ, worms in the belly, and in the cartilages of the ribs, which make a man become very yellow and sometimes kill him.

2

According to some, in the tradition referred to above صَفَرٌ means the postponing of the month El-Moharram, transferring it to Safar. [See نَسِىْءٌ.]

Or it there means the disease called by this name, because they asserted it to be transitive.

3this will not stick in my mind, nor will my soul accept it—لَا يَلْتَاطُ هٰذَا بِصَفَرِى

Also the intellect, or understanding; or the heart, or mind; the same as رُوعٌ; the inmost part of the heart.

Said of something one does not love.

4

Also a contract, compact, or covenant; or suretyship, or responsibility; the same as عَقْدٌ.

In some copies of the K, فقد.

5

Sometimes صَفَرُ, imperfectly declinable; but all make it perfectly declinable except AO, who makes it imperfectly declinable because it is determinate [or a proper name] and similar in meaning to سَاعَةٌ, which is feminine, meaning that all nouns signifying times are سَاعَات; and according to some, الصَّفَرُ.

The second month of the Arabian calendar; the month that comes next after El-Moharram.

So called because in it they used to procure their provision of corn from the places in which it was collected, their granaries having then become empty; this agrees with the opinion of my learned friend Mons. Fulgence Fresnel, that it was so called from the scarcity of provisions in the season in which it fell when it was first named, for it then fell in winter: see the latter of the two tables on page 1254, and see also نَسِىْءٌ.

Or because Mekkeh was then empty, its people having gone forth to travel.

Or, according to Ru-beh, because the Arabs made predatory expeditions in it and left those whom they met empty; or because they made predatory expeditions and left the people's houses empty. See the article جمد.

Plural أَصْفَارٌ, and, as some say, صَفَرَاتٌ.

5.1the two months El-Moharram and Safar—الصَّفَرَانِ

Two months of the year, one of which was called by the Muslims El-Moharram.

Show Lane's original text
[an inf. n. of صَفِرَ , q. v.: and hence,] Hunger: and صَفْرَةٌ [the inf. n. un.] a hungering once. (M, K.) Also A certain disease in the belly, which renders the face yellow: (M, K:) or a collecting of water in the belly. (Kt.) [See also صُفَارٌ .] Also A kind of serpent, (S, M, K,) in the belly, (S, K,) which sticks to the ribs, and bites them, (M, K,) or, as the Arabs assert, which bites a man when he is hungry, its bite occasioning the stinging which a man feels when he is hungry: (S:) used alike as sing. and pl.; or one is termed صَفَرَةٌ : (M:) and it is said to be what is meant by the word in a trad., in which it is disacknowledged: (S, TA:) or a certain reptile ( دَابَّة ) which bites the ribs and their cartilages: (M, K:) or a certain serpent in the belly, which attacks beasts and men, and which, accord. to the Arabs [of the time of Ignorance], passes from one to another more than the mange or scab; (Ru-beh:) the Prophet, however, denied its doing so: it is said also that it oppresses and hurts a man when he is hungry: (A'Obeyd:) this is the explanation approved by Az: (TA:) or, as also صُفَارٌ , worms in the belly, (M, K, TA,) and in the cartilages of the ribs, which cause a man to become very yellow, and sometimes kill him. (TA.) You say, عَضَّ عَلَى شُرْسُوفِهِ الصَّفَرُ , meaning, He was hungry. (A.) Accord. to some, (M,) in the trad. above referred to, صَفَرٌ signifies The postponing of [the month] El-Moharram, transferring it to Safar: (A'Obeyd, M, K:) [see نَسِىْءٌ :] or it there means the disease called by this name, because they asserted it to be transitive. (K.) Also The intellect, or understanding; or the heart, or mind; syn. رُوعٌ : (M, K: [in the CK رَوْع :]) the inmost part ( لُبّ ) of the heart. (M, K.) Hence the saying, (TA,) لَا يَلْتَاطُ هٰذَا بِصَفَرِى This will not adhere to me, [or to my mind,] nor will my soul accept it: (S, TA:) said of that which one does not love. (A.) Also A contract, compact, or covenant: or suretiship, or responsibility: syn. عَقْدٌ . (M, L, K. [In some copies of the K, فقد .]) Also (S, M, Msb, K) and sometimes [ صَفَرُ ,] imperfectly decl., (K,) but all make it perfectly decl. except AO, who makes it imperfectly decl. because it is determinate [or a proper name] and similar in meaning to سَاعَةٌ , which is fem., meaning that all nouns signifying times are سَاعَات , (Th, M,) and, accord. to some, الصَّفَرُ , (Msb,) [The second month of the Arabian calendar;] the month that is [the next] after ElMoharram ( المُحَرَّمُ ): (S, M, K:) so called because in it they used to procure their provision of corn from the places [in which it was collected, their granaries having then become empty ( صِفْر ); agreeably with the opinion of my learned friend Mons. Fulgence Fresnel, that it was so called from the scarcity of provisions in the season in which it fell when it was first named; for it then fell in winter: see the latter of the two tables in p. 1254; and see also نَسِىْءٌ ]: or because Mekkeh was then empty, its people having gone forth to travel: or, accord. to Ru-beh, because the Arabs in it made predatory expeditions, and left those whom they met empty: (M:) or because they then made predatory expeditions, and left the houses of the people empty: (Msb in art. جمد :) pl. أَصْفَارٌ , (S, M, Msb, K,) and, as some say, صَفَرَاتٌ . (Msb.) الصَّفَرَانِ The two months of El-Moharram and Safar; (M;) two months of the year, whereof one was called by the Muslims El-Moharram. (IDrd, M, Msb, K.)
Nounصَفِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — empty, void, vacantgenerated

1

See صِفْرٌ, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see صِفْرٌ , first sentence.
Nounصُفُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — empty, void, vacantgenerated

1

See صِفْرٌ, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see صِفْرٌ , first sentence.
Nounصَفْرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — empty, void, vacantgenerated

1

See صَفَرٌ, of which it is the ism waḥda, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see صَفَرٌ , [of which it is the n. un.,] first sentence.
Nounصُفْرَةٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — yellowness; blacknessgenerated

1

Yellowness; a well-known colour, less intense than red, found in animals and in some other things, and, according to IAar, in water.

1.1

Also blackness.

1.2

See also صُفْرٌ, in two places.

2a proper name for the she-goat—صُفْرَةُ

Imperfectly declinable.

Show Lane's original text
[Yellowness;] a certain colour, (S, M, Msb,) well known, (M, K,) less intense than red, (Msb,) found in animals and in some other things, and, accord. to IAar, in water. (M.) Also Blackness. (M, K.) See also صُفْرٌ , in two places. صُفْرَةُ , imperfectly decl., is a proper name for The she-goat. (Sgh, K.)
Nounصَفَرِىٌّ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the offspring of sheep or goats born in autumn; autumn rain; an autumn plantgenerated

1the increase, or offspring, of sheep or goats—صَفَرِيَّةٌ

The increase, or offspring, of sheep or goats; in the CK او is put by mistake for و before this explanation.

After the increase called قَيْظِىٌّ, or at the time of the [auroral] rising of Suheyl [Canopus, which in Central Arabia at the beginning of the era of the Flight was about the 4th of August, Old Style; the M erroneously places it at the beginning of winter].

Or the second word means the same, and also the period just mentioned; or the period from the rising of Suheyl to the setting of الذِّرَاع [the Seventh Mansion of the Moon, which in that part and age was about the 3rd of January, Old Style], when the cold is intense, and breeding is then approved.

Or the period from the rising of Suheyl to the rising of السِّمَاك [the Fourteenth Mansion of the Moon, which in that part and age was about the 4th of October, Old Style], beginning with forty nights of alternating heat and cold, called المُعْتَدِلَاتُ.

Aboo-Nasr: the first increase of sheep and goats is the صَقَعِىّ, which is when the sun strikes the heads of the young ones, and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ, and the قَيْظِىّ; then comes the صَفَرِىّ, after the صَقَعِىّ, and that is when the fruit of the palm-tree is cut off; then the شَتَوِىّ, which is in the season called رَبِيع; then the دَفَئِىّ, which is when the sun becomes warm; then the صَيفِىّ; then the قَيْظِىّ; then the خَرَفِىّ, at the end of the season called قَيْظ.

Or صَفَرِيَّةٌ, and likewise صَفَرِىٌّ, means the departure of the heat and the coming of the cold; or, according to Aboo-Saʿeed, the period between the departure of the summer and the coming of the winter.

Or the first of the seasons, apparently meaning the autumnal season, called الخَرِيف, which was the first of the four, and of the six, seasons; or perhaps the first of the seasons of rain, commonly called الوَسْمِىّ; and it may be a month; or the second word, or both, means the beginning of the year.

twenty days of the latter part of the summer, or hot season—الصَّفَرِيَّةِ أَيَّامُ

Here means “of” or “from”. See حُلَّبٌ.

1.1

The first word, or both words, also mean the rain that comes at the beginning of autumn; or the rain from the rising of Suheyl to the setting of الذِّرَاع, explained above.

1.2

The second word, or both, also mean a plant that grows at the beginning of the autumn.

According to AHn it is so called because the beasts become yellow when they pasture upon it while it is green, their armpits and similar parts, and their lips and fur, becoming yellow; but ISd says: I have not found this to be known.

Show Lane's original text
(S, M, K) and صَفَرِيَّةٌ (K) The increase, or offspring, ( نِتَاج ,) of sheep or goats (S, M, K [in the CK, او is erroneously put for و before this explanation]) after that called قَيْظِىٌّ : (S, TA:) or at the period of the [auroral] rising of Suheyl [or Canopus, which, in Central Arabia, at the commencement of the era of the Flight, was about the 4th of August, O. S.; here erroneously said in the M to be in the beginning of winter]: (M, K:) or ↓ the latter word signifies [as above, and also the period itself above mentioned: or] the period from the rising of Suheyl to the setting of الذِّرَاع [the Seventh Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 3rd of January, O. S.], when the cold is intense; and then breeding is approved: (M:) or the period from the rising of Suheyl to the rising of السِّمَاك [the Fourteenth Mansion of the Moon, which, in the part and age above mentioned, was about the 4th of October, O. S.], commencing with forty nights of varying, or alternating, heat and cold, called المُعْتَدِلَاتُ : (AZ:) the first increase [of sheep and goats] is the صَقَعِىّ , which is when the sun smites ( تَصْقَعُ ) the heads of the young ones; and some of the Arabs call it the شَمْسِىّ , and the قَيْظِىّ : then is the صَفَرِىّ , after the صَقَعِىّ ; and that is when the fruit of the palm-tree is cut off: then, the شَتَوِىّ , which is in the [season called] رَبِيع : then, the دَفَئِىّ , which is when the sun becomes warm: then, the صَيفِىّ : then, the قَيْظِىّ : then, the خَرَفِىّ , in the end of the [season called] قَيْظ : (Aboo-Nasr:) or صَفَرِيَّةٌ signifies, (M, K,) and so صَفَرِىٌّ , (K,) the [period of the] departure of the heat and the coming of the cold: (AHn, M, K:) or the period between the departure of the summer and the coming of the winter: (Aboo-Sa'eed:) or the first of the seasons; [app. meaning the autumnal season, called الخَرِيف , which was the first of the four, and of the six, seasons; or perhaps the first of the seasons of rain, commonly called الوَسْمِىّ ;] and it may be a month: (AHn, M, K:) or the latter, (M,) or both, (TA,) the beginning of the year. (M, TA.) [Hence,] الصَّفَرِيَّةِ أَيَّامُ Twenty days of, or from, ( مِنْ ,) the latter part of the summer, or hot season. (TA voce حُلَّبٌ .) Also the former, (S,) or ↓ both, (TA,) The rain that comes in the beginning of autumn: (S:) or from the period of the rising of Suheyl to that of the setting of الذِّرَاع [expl. above]. (TA.) Also the latter, (S, M,) or ↓ both, (K,) A plant that grows in the beginning of the autumn: (S, M, K:) so called, accord. to AHn, because the beasts become yellow when they pasture upon that which is green; their arm-pits and similar parts, and their lips and fur, becoming yellow; but [ISd says,] I have not found this to be known. (M.)
Nounصُفْرِيَّةٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a sort of yellow dates of El-Yemen; a certain sectgenerated

1

A sort of dates of El-Yemen, dried while in the state in which they are termed بُسْر, being then yellow.

When they become dry and are rubbed with the hand they crumble, and سَوِيق is sweetened with them, and they surpass sugar; or they take the place of sugar in سَوِيق.

2

الصُّفْرِيَّةُ, and, as some say, الصِّفْرِيَّةُ: a sect of the خَوَارِج, a party of the حَرُورِيَّة.

So called in relation to Sufrah (صُفْرَةُ, which is the name of a place in El-Yemámeh); or in relation to Ziyád Ibn-El-Asfar, their head, or chief; or to ʿAbd-Allah Ibn-Es-Saffár, or Ibn-Saffár, or Ibn-Safár, in which case the form is irregular; or because of the yellowness of their complexions; or because they were void of religion, on which last derivation it is الصِّفْرِيَّةُ, with kesr, and As holds this to be the right opinion.

2.1

And the first form means the مَهَالِبَة, who were celebrated for bounty and generosity; so called in relation to Aboo-Sufrah, who was surnamed Abu-l-Mohelleb.

Show Lane's original text
A sort of dates of El-Yemen, which are dried in the state in which they are termed بُسْر , (AHn, M, K,) being then yellow; and when they become dry, and are rubbed with the hand, they crumble, and سَوِيق is sweetened with them, and they surpass sugar; (AHn, M;) [or] they supply the place of sugar in سَوِيق . (K.) الصُّفْرِيَّةُ , (S, M, K,) and, (K,) or as some say, (S, M,) الصِّفْرِيَّةُ , (M, K,) A sect of the خَوَارِج , (S,) a party of the حَرُورِيَّة ; (M, K;) so called in relation to Sufrah ( صُفْرَةُ [which is the name of a place in El-Yemámeh]): (M:) or in relation to Ziyád Ibn-El-Asfar, (S, K,) their head, or chief; (S;) or to 'Abd-Allah (S, M, K) Ibn-Es-Saffár, (S,) or Ibn-Saffár, (K,) or Ibn-Safár, (so in a copy of the M,) in which case it is extr. in form; (M;) or on account of the yellowness of their complexions; or because of their being void of religion; (K;) accord. to which last derivation, it is الصِّفْرِيَّةُ , with kesr; and As holds this to be the right opinion. (TA.) And the former ( الصُّفْرِيَّةُ ) The مَهَالِبَة , (M, K,) who were celebrated for bounty and generosity; (TA;) so called in relation to Aboo-Sufrah, (M, K,) who was [surnamed] Abu-l-Mohelleb. (M.)
Nounالصِّفْرِيَّةُ1 sense

Core sense — a certain sect, a party of the Khawárijgenerated

1

See the entry immediately before this one, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph in two places.
Nounصَفَرِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the autumn season; autumn rain; the offspring of sheep or goats thengenerated

1

See صَفَرِىٌّ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text
: see صَفَرِىٌّ , in five places.
Nounصِفْرِيتٌ1 sense

Core sense — a poor mangenerated

1

Singular of صَفَارِيتُ, which means poor men; the ت is augmentative.

Show Lane's original text
is the sing. of صَفَارِيتُ , (S,) which signifies Poor men: (S, K:) the ت is augmentative. (S.)
Nounصَفَارٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — dry barley-grass; a certain plantgenerated

1

With fet-h, or صُفَارٌ, like غُرَابٌ: what is dry of the barley-grass called بُهْمَى, apparently because of its yellowness.

It has prickles that cling to the lips of the horses. See the article شفه.

1.1

And the first form, according to ISk, means a certain plant.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, M,) with fet-h, (S,) or صُفَارٌ , like غُرَابٌ , (K,) What is dry, of [the species of barleygrass called] بُهْمَى : (S, M, K:) app. because of its yellowness: (M:) it has prickles that cling to the lips of the horses. (TA in art. شفه .) And the former, accord. to ISk, A certain plant. (TA.)
Nounصُفَارٌ7 senses · 2 main

Core sense — yellow water collecting in the belly; a tick; yellowness in unripe wheatgenerated

1

See form 1, in two places.

2

Also a certain disease in consequence of which one becomes yellow; the yellow water that collects in the belly, the same as سِقْىٌ.

Or a collecting of yellow water in the belly, which is cured by cutting the نَائِط, a vein in the صُلْبِ [that is, the backbone, or back].

2.1

See also صَفَرٌ.

2.2

And see صَفَارٌ.

2.3

Also a yellowness that appears in wheat before the grain has become full.

2.4

And remains of straw and of other fodder at the roots of the teeth of beasts; also صِفَارٌ.

2.5

And the tick, or ticks; or, as some say, an insect, or animalcule, that is found in the solid hoofs, and in the toes, or soles, of camels, in the hinder parts of them.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, in two places. Also A certain disease, in consequence of which one becomes yellow: (A:) the yellow water that collects in the belly; (M, K;) i. q. سِقْىٌ : (M:) or a collecting of yellow water in the belly, which is cured by cutting the نَائِط , a vein in the صُلْبِ [i. e. backbone, or back]. (S.) See also صَفَرٌ . And see صَفَارٌ . Also A yellowness that takes place in wheat before the grain has become full. (A, TA.) And Remains of straw and of other fodder, at the roots of the teeth of beasts; as also صِفَارٌ . (M, K.) And The tick, or ticks: (M, K:) and, (K,) or as some say, (M,) an insect, or animalcule, ( دُوَيْبَّةٌ ,) that is found in the solid hoofs, and in the toes, or soles, of camels, (M, K,) in the hinder parts thereof. (M.)
Nounصِفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — yellow water in the belly; remains of fodder at the roots of beasts' teethgenerated

1

See the entry immediately before this one.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounصَفِيرٌ2 senses

Core sense — a whistling, the sound of a whistlegenerated

1

Maṣdar of صَفَرَ.

2

In the present day it also means the sapphire.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of صَفَرَ [q. v.]. (S, M, K.) [In the present day it signifies also The sapphire.]
Nounصُفَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — plants that have withered and turned yellowgenerated

1

What has withered, and become altered to yellow, of plants, or herbage.

Show Lane's original text
What has withered, (M, K,) and become altered to yellow, (M,) of plants, or herbage. (M, K.)
Nounصَفِيرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a dam between two tracts of landgenerated

1

A dam between two tracts of land.

Show Lane's original text
A dam ( ضَفِيرَةٌ ) between two tracts of land. (Sgh, K.)
Nounصُفَارَى1 sense

Core sense — a species of bird that whistlesgenerated

1

A species of bird that whistles. [See also what follows next.]

Show Lane's original text
A species of bird, that whistles ( يَصْفِرُ ). (M. [See also what next follows.])
Nounصُفَارِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain yellow bird, larger than a sparrowgenerated

1

A certain bird; also صُفَارِيَةٌ, without teshdeed; the bird called تُبَشِّرٌ, or تُبُشِّرٌ.

Golius, who writes the word صَفَارِيَّةٌ, adds: “ut puto, quæ in Syria صُفَيْرا dicitur, flava, duplo major passere, nam et passer luteus, ut reddit Meid.”

The same as صَعْوَةٌ. [See also الأَصْقَعُ.]

Show Lane's original text
A certain bird; (IAar, S;) as also صُفَارِيَةٌ , without teshdeed; (S;) the bird called تُبَشِّرٌ , (S in art. بشر ,) or تُبُشِّرٌ : (K in that art.:) [Golius (who writes the word صَفَارِيَّةٌ ) adds, “ ut puto, quæ in Syria صُفَيْرا dicitur, flava, duplo major passere, nam et passer luteus, ut reddit Meid. ”:] i. q. صَعْوَةٌ . (IAar.) [See also الأَصْقَعُ .]
Nounصُفُورِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a kind of plant; or a kind of garmentgenerated

1

According to the K, a kind of نَبَات [that is, plant]; but in the Tekmileh, a kind of ثِيَاب [that is, garments, or cloths], plural of ثَوْب, and this bears the mark of correctness.

Show Lane's original text
, accord. to the K, A kind of نَبَات [i. e. plant]: but in the Tekmileh, a kind of ثِيَاب [i. e. garments, or cloths]; pl. of ثَوْب ; and it bears the mark of correctness. (TA.)
Nounصَفَّارٌ2 senses

Core sense — one who works in brass; a habitual whistlergenerated

1

See صَافِرٌ.

2

Also a fabricator of صُفْر [brass].

Show Lane's original text
: see صَافِرٌ Also A fabricator of صُفْر [or brass]. (M, K.)
Nounصُفَّارٌ1 sense

Core sense — the entire quill of a feathergenerated

1

With damm: the entire quill of a feather.

Show Lane's original text
, with damm, The entire quill of a feather. (AA, O.)
Nounصَفَّارَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a whistle; a fifegenerated

1

[A whistle: so in the present day; and also a fife:] a hollow thing of copper, in which a boy whistles to pigeons, or to an ass, so that it may drink.

1.1the anus—الصَّفَّارَةُ

The same as الاِسْتُ, in the dialect of the Sawád.

Show Lane's original text
[A whistle: so in the present day: and also a fife:] a hollow thing (M, K) of copper, (K,) in which a boy whistles (M, K) to pigeons, (K,) or to an ass, that he may drink. (TS, L, K.) [Hence,] الصَّفَّارَةُ The anus; syn. الاِسْتُ ; (M, K;) in the dial. of the Sawád. (TA.)
Nounصَافِرٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — whistling, a whistler; a thief; any bird that whistlesgenerated

1

Whistling; or a whistler.

1.1more cowardly than a thief—أَجْبَنُ مِنْ صَافِرٍ

And hence, a thief; also صَفَّارٌ, or this may mean a frequent, or habitual, whistler. The thief is so called because he whistles for fear of being suspected.

A proverb, and this is how some explain it. According to AO, the word here means one who whistles to a woman for the purpose of fornication or adultery, because he fears being seen.

1.2

According to A'Obeyd, any bird that whistles, since birds of prey do not whistle, but only ignoble birds, that are preyed upon; or any bird that does not prey; and any bird having a cry; and a certain cowardly bird. [According to Dmr, as stated by Freytag, it is a bird of the passerine kind, also called صَافِرِيَّةٌ.]

According to Mohammad Ibn-Habeeb, a certain bird that suspends itself from trees, hanging its head down, whistling all the night for fear that it should sleep and be taken; and so in the proverb mentioned above.

Or, according to IAar, it means مَصْفُورٌ بِهِ [whistled to]: that is, when he is whistled to, he flees; and by المَصْفُورُ بِهِ is meant the bird called التنوّط [that is, التَّنَوُّطُ or التُّنَوِّطُ and the like], whose cowardice makes it weave for itself a nest like a purse, suspended from a tree, narrow in the mouth and wide in the lower part, in which it protects itself, fearing that a bird of prey should light upon it. [See also the article نوط.]

Or any coward.

1.3there is no one in it—مَا بِهَا صَافِرٌ

That is, in the house, الدَّار; literally, anyone who whistles; or anyone to be called by whistling.

صَافِرٌ is here an instance of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ, followed by بِهِ.

Show Lane's original text
Whistling; or a whistler. (TA.) And hence, (TA,) A thief; (K;) as also صَفَّارٌ : [or this signifies a frequent, or habitual, whistler:] the thief being so called because he whistles in fear of his being suspected: whence, as some explain it, the saying أَجْبَنُ مِنْ صَافِرٍ [More cowardly than a thief]: (TA:) a prov.: accord. to AO, it means in this instance one who whistles to a woman for the purpose of fornication or adultery; because he fears lest he should be seen: or accord. to A'Obeyd, Any bird that whistles; for birds of prey do not whistle, but only ignoble birds, that are preyed upon: (Meyd:) [or] any bird that does not prey: (M, K:) and any bird having a cry: and a certain cowardly bird: (K:) [accord. to Dmr, as stated by Freytag, it is a bird of the passerine kind; also called صَافِرِيَّةٌ :] accord. to Mohammad Ibn- Habeeb, (Meyd,) a certain bird that suspends itself from trees, hanging down its head, whistling all the night in fear lest it should sleep and be taken; and so in the prov. above mentioned: (Meyd, A: *) or, accord. to IAar, it means مَصْفُورٌ بِهِ [whistled to]: i. e., when he is whistled to, he flees: and by المَصْفُورُ بِهِ is meant the bird called التنوّط [i. e. التَّنَوُّطُ or التُّنَوِّطُ &c.], the cowardice of which induces it to weave for itself a nest like a purse, suspended from a tree, narrow in the mouth and wide in the lower part, in which it protects itself, fearing lest a bird of prey should light upon it: (Meyd: [see also art. نوط :]) or any coward. (TA.) مَا بِهَا صَافِرٌ There is not in it (i. e. the house, الدَّار , TA) any one: (S, K:) [lit.] any one who whistles: (M:) or any one to be called by whistling; صَافِرٌ being here an instance of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ followed by بِهِ . (T, TA.)
Nounصَافِرِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a certain small birdgenerated

1

See the entry immediately before this one.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounأَصْفَرُ11 senses · 3 main

Core sense — yellow; gold; more, or most, empty; the Greeksgenerated

1a greater whistler, or warbler—أَصْفَرُ مِنْ بُلْبُلٍ

A comparative and superlative adjective from صَفَرَ.

That is, than the بلبل.

2

See also صِفْرٌ.

2.1the house most void of good is the one destitute of the Book of God—أَصْفَرُ البُيُوتِ مِنَ الخَيْرِ البَيْتُ الصِّفْرُ مِنْ كِتَابِ ٱللّٰهِ

Said in a tradition.

Also more, and most, empty, void, or vacant.

3

Also yellow; of the colour termed صُفْرَةٌ. Feminine صَفْرَآءُ; plural صُفْرٌ.

And black is sometimes so termed: applied to a camel, as in the Qur'ān 77:33, because a black camel always has an intermixture of yellow; or, applied to a camel, of a colour whose ground is black, with some yellow hairs coming through.

Applied to a horse: of the colour termed in Persian زَرْدَهْ [a kind of sorrel], but only if it has a yellow [or sorrel] tail and mane.

Qur’ān 77:33 approximate — somewhere between 77:30 and 77:50 Lane cites “Kur lxxvii. 33”
Qur’ān 77:33 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
كَأَنَّهُۥ جِمَـٰلَتٌ صُفْرٌ

"As if there were (a string of) yellow camels (marching swiftly)."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

3.1the Greeks; or their kings—بَنُو الأَصْفَرِ

So called because they were the sons of El-Asfar, the son of Room, the son of ʿEesoo (or ʿEysoon, that is, Esau), the son of Is-hák [Isaac], the son of Ibráheem [Abraham]; or El-Asfar was a surname of Room; or they were so called because their first ancestor, Room the son of ʿEysoon, was of a yellow complexion; or because they were conquered by an army of Abyssinians by whom their women had yellow children; or they are the modern Muscovites.

That is, الرُّومُ.

3.2gold and saffron—الأَصْفَرَانِ

These are said to destroy women; or the phrase means the plant called وَرْس and saffron; or the plant called وَرْس and gold; or saffron and raisins.

3.3gold—الصَّفْرَآءُ

[See also صُفْرٌ.]

O gold, [be yellow,] and O silver, [be white, and beguile someone other than me]—يَا صَفْرَآءُ ٱصْفَرِّى وَيَا بَيْضَآءُ ٱبْيَضِّى وَغُرِّى غَيْرِى

The saying of ʿAlee.

such a one has neither gold nor silver—مَا لِفُلَانٍ صَفْرَآءُ وَلَا بَيْضَآءُ
3.4

Also a well-known kind of bile: the yellow bile, one of the four humours of the body, the others being the black bile, the blood, and the phlegm; so called because of its colour.

3.5

And the bow that is made of the tree called نَبْع.

3.6

And the female locust that has no eggs in it.

3.7

And a certain plant of the plain or soft tracts, and of the sands, sometimes growing in hard level ground; or a certain herb that spreads upon the ground, whose leaves are like those of the خَسّ [lettuce], and which the camels eat greedily. Aboo-Nasr: it is of the kind called ذُكُور.

Show Lane's original text
[a comparative and superlative epithet form صَفَرَ ]. One says أَصْفَرُ مِنْ بُلْبُلٍ [A greater whistler, or warbler, than the بلبل ]. (S.) See also صِفْرٌ . [Also More, and most, empty, void, or vacant.] It is said in a trad., أَصْفَرُ البُيُوتِ مِنَ الخَيْرِ البَيْتُ الصِّفْرُ مِنْ كِتَابِ ٱللّٰهِ [That one of houses which is the most void of good is the house that is destitute of the Book of God]. (S.) Also [Yellow;] of the colour termed صُفْرَةٌ : (S, M, K:) fem. صَفْرَآءُ : (Msb, &c.:) pl. صُفْرٌ . (TA.) And Black (A'Obeyd, S, K) is sometimes thus termed: (S:) applied to a camel, as in the Kur lxxvii. 33, because a black camel always has an intermixture of yellow: (TA:) or, applied to a camel, of a colour whereof the ground is black, with some yellow hairs coming through. (M.) Applied to a horse, Of the colour termed in Pers. زَرْدَهْ [a kind of sorrel], (S,) but not unless having a yellow [or sorrel] tail and mane. (As, S.) بَنُو الأَصْفَرِ The Greeks ( الرُّومُ ): (S, A:) or their kings: because the sons of El-Asfar the son of Room the son of 'Eesoo (or 'Eysoon, TA, [i. e. Esau,]) the son of Is-hák [or Isaac] (K) the son of Ibráheem [or Abraham]: (TA:) or El-Asfar was a surname of Room: (TA:) or they were so called because their first ancestor, (A, IAth,) Room the son of 'Eysoon, (IAth,) was of a yellow complexion: (A, IAth:) or because they were conquered by an army of Abyssinians by whom their women had yellow children: (K:) [or] they are the modern Muscovites. (TA.) الأَصْفَرَانِ Gold and saffron; (S, M, K;) which are said to destroy women: (TA:) or the plant called وَرْس and saffron: (S, K:) or the plant called وَرْس and gold: (M:) or saffron and raisins. (ISk, Sgh, K.) And الصَّفْرَآءُ Gold. (M, K. [See also صُفْرٌ .]) Hence the saying of 'Alee, يَا صَفْرَآءُ ٱصْفَرِّى وَيَا بَيْضَآءُ ٱبْيَضِّى وَغُرِّى غَيْرِى O gold, [be yellow,] and O silver, [be white, and beguile other than me:] and one says also, مَا لِفُلَانٍ صَفْرَآءُ وَلَا بَيْضَآءُ [There is not belonging to such a one gold nor silver]. (TA.) Also A kind of bile, (M, K,) well-known; (K;) [the yellow bile; one of the four humours of the body; of which the others are the black bile ( السَّوْدَآءُ ), the blood ( الدَّمُ ), and the phlegm ( البَلْغَمُ ):] so called because of its colour. (M.) And The bow that is made of [the tree called] نَبْع . (S, * K, * TA.) And The female locust that is devoid of eggs. (M, K.) And A certain plant, (S, M, K,) of the plain or soft tracts, and of the sands, (M, K,) and sometimes growing in hard level ground: (M:) or a certain herb, that spreads upon the ground, (AHn, M,) the leaves of which are like those of the خَسّ [or lettuce], (AHn, M, K,) and which the camels eat vehemently: (AHn, M:) it is of the kind called ذُكُور . (Aboo-Nasr, M.)
Nounمُصْفَرٌ1 sense

Core sense — made yellowgenerated

1

See its feminine, with ة, under مَصْفُورٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see its fem., with ة , voce مَصْفُورٌ .
Nounمُصْفِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a poor mangenerated

1

A poor man.

Show Lane's original text
A poor man. (S.)
Nounمُصَفَّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — made yellow, dyed yellowgenerated

1

This, and its feminine, with ة: see مَصْفُورٌ.

Show Lane's original text
; and its fem., with ة : see مَصْفُورٌ .
Nounهُوَ مَصَفِّرُ ٱسْتِهِ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he is a coward; he is a luxurious man of unsound judgementgenerated

1

This phrase is from الصَّفِيرُ [see صَفَرَ], not from الصُّفْرَةُ, and means: he is a صَرَّاط, as though the word denoted cowardice.

Or it is from صَفَّرَ, “he dyed yellow”, and was applied to Aboo-Jahl, meaning that he dyed his اِسْت with saffron and was addicted to the enormity termed أُبْنَة.

According to Sgh this is the correct explanation, and he adds that it is said of a luxurious man whom experience and afflictions have not made firm, or sound, in judgement.

1.1those whose ensign is yellow—المُصَفِّرَةُ

An appellation applied to those whose sign — meaning the colour of their ensign — is صُفْرَة; similar to المُحَمِّرَةُ and المُبَيِّضَةُ.

Show Lane's original text
is from الصَّفِيرُ , [see صَفَرَ ,] not from الصُّفْرَةُ , (S,) and means He is a صَرَّاط ; (S, K;) as though denoting cowardice: (TA:) or it is from صَفَّرَ “ he dyed yellow; ” (M;) and was applied to Aboo-Jahl; (M, TA;) meaning that he dyed his اِسْت with saffron, and was addicted to [the enormity termed] أُبْنَة : this, accord. to Sgh, is the correct explanation; and he adds that it is said of a luxurious man, whom experience and afflictions have not rendered firm, or sound, in judgment. (TA.) المُصَفِّرَةُ is an appellation applied to Those whose sign [meaning the colour of their ensign] is صُفْرَة ; (M, K;) [i. e. whose ensign is yellow;] and is similar to المُحَمِّرَةُ and المُبَيِّضَةُ . (M.)
Nounمَصْفُورٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — hungry; having the yellow-water disease; having the ear cut offgenerated

1

See صَافِرٌ, in two places.

2

Also hungry; and so مُصَفَّرٌ.

2.1

Of the مَصْفُورَة and مُصْفَرَة, or مُصَفَّرَة, which one is forbidden to offer in sacrifice, it is said that the first is such as has the ear entirely cut off, because its ear-hole is left without an ear, and the second is the lean, or emaciated, because it is without fatness.

Or, according to Kt, the first and the second both have the latter meaning, as though without fat and flesh; or the second and third have the latter meaning, or the former meaning.

But according to the relation of Sh, what is thus forbidden is termed المَصْغُورَةُ, with غ, having the former of the meanings explained above; IAth disapproves this. See the article صغر. Or المُصَغَّرَةُ.

3

Also one having the disease termed صُفَار, or one from whose belly yellow water comes forth.

Show Lane's original text
: see صَافِرٌ , in two places. Also Hungry; and so مُصَفَّرٌ . (K.) Of the مَصْفُورَة , (TA,) and مُصْفَرَة , (Mgh, TA,) or مُصَفَّرَة , (Mgh,) which one is forbidden to offer in sacrifice, (Mgh, TA,) it is said that the first is Such as has the ear entirely cut off; because its ear-hole is destitute of the ear: and the second, the lean, or emaciated; because devoid of fatness; or, accord. to Kt, the first and second have the latter meaning, as though destitute of fat and flesh: (TA:) or the second and third have the latter meaning; or the former meaning: (Mgh:) but accord. to the relation of Sh, what is thus forbidden is termed المَصْغُورَةُ , with غ , having the former of the meanings expl. above; which IAth disapproves: (TA in art. صغر :) or المُصَغَّرَةُ . (Mgh in that art.) Also Having the disease termed صُفَار : (A, TA:) or one from whose belly comes forth yellow water. (TA.)