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صرف

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Form 1الصَّرْفُ11 senses · 3 main
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarصَرْفٌ صُرُوفٌ صَرِيفٌ

Core sense — he turned him, or it, away, or back; he exchanged gold for silver; it creakedgenerated

1he turned him, or it, away, or back, from his, or its, way, or course—صَرَفَهُ

The turning, or sending, or putting, a thing away, or back, from its way, or course; the averting or repelling of it; or the shifting of a thing from one state to another; and so التَّصْرِيفُ.

Also صَرَفَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ, that is, عَنْ سَنَنِهِ; in art. وجه.

.

he turned himself away, or back, from the thing—صارف نَفْسَهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ

That is, صَرَفَهَا عَنْهُ.

I turned the man away from me, or repelled him—صَرَفْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنِّى
he dismissed the boys from the school—صَرَفَ الصِّبْيَانَ

Synonym قَلَبَهُمْ.

I let the boy go his way—صَرَفْتُ الصَّبِىَّ

Similarly الأَجِيرَ, said of the hired man.

may God avert harm from you—صَرَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَنْكَ الأَذَى
he turned away his face—اصطرف وَجْهَهُ

In art. سفو and سفى; meaning صَرَفَهُ.

God has made them to err in requital of what they have done—صَرَفَ ٱللّٰهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ

Kur 9:128. Or: God has turned them away, or may God turn them away, from belief.

I will requite by causing to err from the direction of my signs—سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آيَاتِى

Kur 7:143.

he turned him, or it, to such a thing—صَرَفَهُ إِلَى كَذَا

[Said of turning another man, as in the Kur 46:28, or of turning a thing, such as one's mind or intention.]

Qur’ān 46:29 approximate — somewhere between 46:22 and 46:35 Lane cites “Kur xlvi. 28”
Lane cites “Bd in vi. 105” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Qur’ān 46:29 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَآ إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالُوٓا۟ أَنصِتُوا۟ ۖ فَلَمَّا قُضِىَ وَلَّوْا۟ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِم مُّنذِرِينَ

Behold, We turned towards thee a company of Jinns (quietly) listening to the Qur'an: when they stood in the presence thereof, they said, "Listen in silence!" When the (reading) was finished, they returned to their people, to warn (them of their sins).Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1he declined, or inflected, the noun with tenween—صَرَفَ الكَلِمَةَ

. See also Form 2.

1.2the exchanging, or giving in exchange, of gold for silver, and the reverse—الصَّرْفُ

So called because the money is thereby turned from one metal to another.

he exchanged the dirhems for other dirhems, or for deenárs—صَرَفَ الدَّرَاهِمَ
I exchanged the gold for dirhems—صَرَفْتُ الذَّهَبَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ
I exchanged the dirhems for deenárs—الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ
1.3when the roads of it are made distinct, there is no right of pre-emption—إِذَا صُرِفَتِ الطُّرُوقُ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ

Said in a tradition about الشُّفْعَة [the right of pre-emption].

Apparently the roads are turned in different directions, from the house or piece of land in question, to the possessions of different owners.

The maṣdar of the verb in this case is صَرْفٌ.

1.4I expended the property—صَرَفْتُ المَالَ

And صرّفتُهُ in the same sense, for التَّصْرِيفُ or تَصْرِيفُ الدَّرَاهِمِ.

the expending of money—فِى البِيَاعَاتِ

That is, in buying articles of merchandise.

1.5I embellished the speech—صَرَفْتُ الكَلَامَ

Apparently by distorting it, or otherwise altering it.

صَرَّفْتُهُ has a similar meaning, but stronger.

the embellishing of discourse, or speech, by adding to it—صَرْفُ الحَدِيثِ

So A ʿObeyd.

Similarly صَرْفُ الكَلَامِ; for another explanation see صَرْفٌ.

It is said to be from الصَّرْفُ in pieces of money, meaning the superiority of one over another in value.

1.6

صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ, as though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ: see Form 8.

1.7

See also صَرْفٌ below.

2he did not mix the beverage, or wine—صَرَفَ الشَّرَابَ

.

Also صرّفهُ and اصرفهُ, the last mentioned by Th.

he drank the wine unmixed—صَرَفَ الخَمْرَ

or perhaps this should be صُرُوفٌ.

the drinking of wine unmixed—التَّصْرِيفُ فِى الخَمْرِ

And صَرَّفَهَا in the same sense, for تَصْرِيفُ الخَمْرِ.

[Freytag has wrongly explained صَرَفَ as meaning simply he drank wine.]

3the sheave of the pulley made a sound heard when water was drawn—صَرَفَتِ البَكْرَةُ

.

The صَرِيف of the door, and of the camel's tush, is like that of the sheave of the pulley.

That is, the صَرِيف of the door, and of the writing-reed and the like, is a creaking, or grating; and so is that of the camel's tush.

ونابُ البَعِيرِ in the CK is a mistake for ونابِ البعير.

he grated his canine tooth so as to make a sound heard—صَرَفَ بِنَابِهِ
he grated his canine tooth so as to make a sound heard—صَرَفَ نَابَهُ

Said of a man and of a camel.

.

The صَرِيف of the stallion camel indicates his threatening; that of the she-camel's canine tooth denotes her weariness, and that of the he-camel's, his lust.

Or the صَرِيف of the stallion comes from briskness, or liveliness, and that of the female from fatigue.

3.1she lusted for the male—صَرَفَتْ

maṣdar صُرُوفٌ and صِرَافٌ.

Said of a bitch, or of any female having a cloven hoof and of any having a claw, or of a ewe or she-goat, or of a bitch and of a cow, or of any female animal of prey, but mostly of a bitch.

The adjective applied to such an animal is صَارِفٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 5 shown of 14
6:16
مَّن يُصْرَفْ عَنْهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمَهُۥ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْمُبِينُ

"On that day, if the penalty is averted from any, it is due to Allah's mercy; And that would be (Salvation), the obvious fulfilment of all desire.

10:32
فَذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمُ ٱلْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَاذَا بَعْدَ ٱلْحَقِّ إِلَّا ٱلضَّلَـٰلُ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ

Such is Allah, your real Cherisher and Sustainer: apart from truth, what (remains) but error? How then are ye turned away?

12:34
فَٱسْتَجَابَ لَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ فَصَرَفَ عَنْهُ كَيْدَهُنَّ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلْعَلِيمُ

So his Lord hearkened to him (in his prayer), and turned away from him their snare: Verily He heareth and knoweth (all things).

25:65
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا ٱصْرِفْ عَنَّا عَذَابَ جَهَنَّمَ ۖ إِنَّ عَذَابَهَا كَانَ غَرَامًا

Those who say, "Our Lord! avert from us the Wrath of Hell, for its Wrath is indeed an affliction grievous,-

40:69
أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يُجَـٰدِلُونَ فِىٓ ءَايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ أَنَّىٰ يُصْرَفُونَ

Seest thou not those that dispute concerning the Signs of Allah? How are they turned away (from Reality)?-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
signifies The turning, or sending, or putting, a thing away, or back, from its way, or course; the causing it to turn away, or back; therefrom; the averting it, or repelling it therefrom: (M:) or the shifting a thing from one state, or condition, to another; (Bd in vi. 105;) and so التَّصْرِيفُ . (TA.) You say, صَرَفَهُ , (M, K,) or صَرَفَهُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ , (Msb, TA,) i. e. عَنْ سَنَنِهِ , (TA in art. وجه ,) aor. صَرِفَ , (M, Msb, K,) inf. n. صَرْفٌ , (M, Msb,) He turned, sent, or put, him, or it, away, or back, &c., (M, K,) from his, or its, way, or course. (M.) And صارف نَفْسَهُ عَنِ الشَّىْءِ , meaning صَرَفَهَا عَنْهُ [He turned himself away, or back, from the thing]. (M.) And صَرَفْتُ الرَّجُلَ عَنِّى [I turned the man away, or back, or I averted him, or repelled him, from me]. (S.) And صَرَفَ الصِّبْيَانَ He dismissed the boys, or sent them away, syn. قَلَبَهُمْ , (S, K,) from the school: (K:) or صَرَفْتُ الصَّبِىَّ I let the boy go his way; and in like manner, الأَجِيرَ the hired man. (Msb.) And صَرَفَ ٱللّٰهُ عَنْكَ الأَذَى [May God avert from thee harm]. (S.) And اصطرف وَجْهَهُ (K in art. سفو and سفى ) [meaning صَرَفَهُ i. e.] He turned away his face. (TK in that art.) صَرَفَ ٱللّٰهُ قُلُوبَهُمْ , in the Kur [ix. 128], means God hath made them to err in requital of that which they have done: (M, TA:) or God hath turned them away, or may God turn them away, from belief. (Bd.) And سَأَصْرِفُ عَنْ آيَاتِى , in the Kur [vii. 143], means [in like manner] I will requite by causing to err from the direction of my signs. (O, TA.) [And one says also, صَرَفَهُ إِلَى كَذَا He turned him (i. e. another man, or the like, as in the Kur xlvi. 28), or it (for ex. his mind or intention), to such a thing.] [Hence,] صَرَفَ الكَلِمَةَ , (TA,) inf. n. صَرْفٌ , (O,) He declined, or inflected, the word [i. e. the noun] with tenween. (O, TA.) See also 2. [Hence, also,] الصَّرْفُ means The exchanging, or giving in exchange, gold for silver [and the reverse]: because it is turned ( يُصْرَفُ ) thereby from one metal to another. (M.) You say صَرَفَ الدَّرَاهِمَ He exchanged, or gave in exchange, the dirhems for [other] dirhems or for deenárs. (Mgh.) And صَرَفْتُ الذَّهَبَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ I exchanged, or gave in exchange, the gold for dirhems: (Msb:) and الدَّرَاهِمَ بِالدَّنَانِيرِ [the dirhems for deenárs]. (S.) It is said in a trad. respecting الشُّفْعَة [or the right of pre-emption], إِذَا صُرِفَتِ الطُّرُوقُ فَلَا شُفْعَةَ i. e. When the roads thereof are made distinct [app. by their being turned in different directions, from the house, or piece of land, in question, to the possessions of different proprietors, there is no right of pre-emption]: (TA:) the inf. n. of the verb in this case is صَرْفٌ . (TA.) You say also, صَرَفْتُ المَالَ I expended the property; (Msb;) [and so صرّفتُهُ ; for] التَّصْرِيفُ , (M,) or تَصْرِيفُ الدَّرَاهِمِ , (O,) فِى البِيَاعَاتِ , (M, O, K, *) means the expending of money [in the purchase of articles of merchandise]. (M, O, K. *) And صَرَفْتُ الكَلَامَ I embellished the speech [app. by distorting it, or otherwise altering it]; and صَرَّفْتُهُ has a similar, but intensive, meaning: (Msb:) or صَرْفُ الحَدِيثِ means the embellishing of discourse, or speech, (A 'Obeyd, S, M, O, K,) by adding in it, (A 'Obeyd, S,) or and adding in it; (M, O, K;) and in like manner صَرْفُ الكَلَامِ : (K: [of which see another explanation voce صَرْفٌ :]) and is [said to be] from الصَّرْفُ in pieces of money, meaning “ the superiority of one over another in value. ” (O, K.) صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ [as though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ ]: see 8. [See also صَرْفٌ , below.] صَرَفَ الشَّرَابَ , (M, O, K,) inf. n. صُرُوفٌ , (M, TA,) He did not mix the beverage, or wine; (M, O, K, TA;) as also صرّفهُ , and اصرفهُ ; the last mentioned by Th. (M, TA.) And صَرَفَ الخَمْرَ , (K, TA,) aor. صَرِفَ , inf. n. صَرْفٌ , (TA,) [or perhaps this should be صُرُوفٌ , as in the next preceding sentence,] He drank the wine unmixed; (K, TA;) [and so صَرَّفَهَا ; for] تَصْرِيفُ الخَمْرِ , (S, O,) or التَّصْرِيفُ فِى الخَمْرِ , (K,) signifies the drinking of wine unmixed. (S, O, K. [Freytag has erroneously expl. صَرَفَ as meaning simply He drank wine.]) صَرَفَتِ البَكْرَةُ , (S, O, K,) aor. صَرِفَ , (S, O,) inf. n. صَرِيفٌ , (S, M, O, K,) The sheave of the pulley caused a sound to be heard on the occasion of the drawing of water: (S, M, * O, K:) and the صَرِيف of the door, and of the tush of the camel, is like that of the sheave of the pulley; (S, O;) [i. e.] the صَرِيف of the door, (M, K,) and of the writingreed (M, Msb) and the like, (M,) is a creaking, or grating; (M, Msb, * K;) and so that of the tush of the camel: (K: [ ونابُ البَعِيرِ in the CK is a mistake for ونابِ البعير :]) one says of a man, and of a camel, صَرَفَ بِنَابِهِ , (M, TA,) and صَرَفَ نَابَهُ , (TA,) aor. صَرِفَ , inf. n. صَرِيفٌ , He grated his canine tooth [against its opposite] so as to cause a sound to be heard: (M, TA:) the صَرِيف of the stallioncamel is [indicative of] his threatening: (M:) or that of the canine tooth of the she-camel denotes her weariness; and that of the canine tooth of the he-camel, his lust: (IKh, TA:) or the صَرِيف of the stallion is from briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; and that of the female, from fatigue. (As, TA.) [But] صَرَفَتْ , (IAar, S, M, O, K,) aor. صَرِفَ , (S, M, O,) inf. n. صُرُوفٌ (S, M, O, K) and صِرَافٌ , (Lth, Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K,) said of a bitch, (S, O, K,) or of any female having a cloven hoof and of any having a claw, (Lh, M,) or of a ewe or she-goat and of bitch and of a cow, (Lth, TA,) or of any female animal of prey, but mostly of a bitch, (IAar, TA,) signifies She lusted for the male: (Lth, Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K:) and the epithet applied to such an animal is صَارِفٌ . (Lh, IAar, S, M, O, K.)
Form 2التَّصْرِيفُ8 senses · 2 main

Core sense — turning things from one state to another; deriving one word from anothergenerated

2.1the making of the verses of the Kur-án distinct in their meanings by repeating and varying them—تَصْرِيفُ الآيَاتِ

In its primary sense it is like الصَّرْفُ in its primary sense, but generally relates to several objects, or is used with an intensive force: see Form 1, first sentence.

Or: the varying, or diversifying, of the verses of the Kur-án, by repeating them in different forms; as many of the expositors explain it in 6:46, 6:65, 6:105 and 46:26.

The turning of the winds from one state to another, or from one direction, course, or way, to another; and so of torrents, of the horse, of affairs, and of the verses of the Kur-án; the making of the winds to vary, or differ, and so of the clouds; the changing of the winds to south and north and hot and cold; or the making of the winds to be south and north, east and west, and of various sorts in their kinds.

Lane cites “Jel in ii. 159” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
2.1.1

It also means the deriving of one word from another [by modifying the form so as to modify the meaning; including what we call the declining of nouns and the conjugating of verbs].

[The science of التَّصْرِيف in language is commonly called الصَّرْفِ عِلْمُ.]

2.1.2

In relation to property, or money: see Form 1, near the middle of the paragraph.

2.1.3

And in relation to speech: see Form 1, near the middle of the paragraph.

2.1.4he employed the thing in more than one way—صرّف الشَّىْءَ

Maṣdar as above. As though he turned it from one way to another way.

2.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredI employed him to act in whatever way he pleased in the affair—صَرَّفْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ

It is also used as meaning simply I employed him in managing the affair, or my affair.

Or فِى أَمْرِى, speaking of a man; the same as قَلَّبْتُهُ.

[That is, I made him a free agent in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or of my affair; or I made him, or employed him, to practise versatility, or to use art, artifice, or cunning, in it.]

The quasi-passive, تصرّف, is said to be from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ, and is explained as synonymous with اِحْتَالَ; but the former meaning is the more common.

2.1.6he exercised the horse—صرّف الفَرَسَ
2.2

صرّف الشَّرَابَ and صرّف الخَمْرَ: see Form 1, latter half.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2 5 shown of 10
6:105
وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُصَرِّفُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ وَلِيَقُولُوا۟ دَرَسْتَ وَلِنُبَيِّنَهُۥ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ

Thus do we explain the signs by various (symbols): that they may say, "Thou hast taught (us) diligently," and that We may make the matter clear to those who know.

17:41
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا فِى هَـٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانِ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا۟ وَمَا يَزِيدُهُمْ إِلَّا نُفُورًا

We have explained (things) in various (ways) in this Qur'an, in order that they may receive admonition, but it only increases their flight (from the Truth)!

17:89
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِى هَـٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٍ فَأَبَىٰٓ أَكْثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورًا

And We have explained to man, in this Qur'an, every kind of similitude: yet the greater part of men refuse (to receive it) except with ingratitude!

25:50
وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنَـٰهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوا۟ فَأَبَىٰٓ أَكْثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ إِلَّا كُفُورًا

And We have distributed the (water) amongst them, in order that they may celebrate (our) praises, but most men are averse (to aught) but (rank) ingratitude.

46:27
وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْقُرَىٰ وَصَرَّفْنَا ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ

We destroyed aforetime populations round about you; and We have shown the Signs in various ways, that they may turn (to Us).

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[in its primary acceptation is like الصَّرْفُ in the primary acceptation of the latter, but generally relates to several objects, or is used in an intensive sense]: see 1, first sentence: it signifies The turning of the winds (Lth, O, K, TA) from one state or condition, to another; (O, TA;) or from one direction, or course, or way, to another; (Lth, O, K, TA;) and so of the torrents, and of the horse, and of affairs, and of the verses of the Kur-án; (Lth, TA;) the making of the winds to very, or differ; and so of the clouds; (M;) the changing of the winds to south and north [&c.] and hot and cold [&c.]; (Jel in ii. 159, and xlv. 4;) or the making of the winds to be south and north, and east and west, and to be of various sorts in their kinds: (TA:) or تَصْرِيفُ الآيَاتِ signifies [the varying, or diversifying, of the verses of the Kur-án, by repeating them in different forms; or] the making of the verses of the Kur-án distinct [in their meanings by repeating and varying them, as expl. by many of the expositors in the instances occurring in vi. 46 and 65 and 105, and xlvi. 26]. (O, K.) It signifies also The deriving one word from another [by modification of the form for the purpose of modifying the meaning; including what we term the declining of nouns (like الصَّرْفُ ) and the conjugating of verbs]. (O, K.) [The science of التَّصْرِيف in language is commonly termed الصَّرْفِ عِلْمُ .] In relation to property, or money, see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. And in relation to speech, see 1, near the middle of the paragraph. One says also, صرّف الشَّىْءَ , (M,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) meaning He employed the thing in other [i. e. more] than one way; as though he turned it from one way to another way. (M, TA.) And [hence,] صَرَّفْتُهُ فِى الأَمْرِ , (K,) or فِى أَمْرِى , speaking of a man, (S, O,) i. q. قَلَّبْتُهُ [meaning I employed him to act in whatsoever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or I made him a free agent, in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or my affair: or I made him, or employed him, to practise versatility, or to use art or artifice or cunning, in the affair, or in my affair; for the quasi-pass., تصرّف , is said to be from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ , and is expl. as syn. with اِحْتَالَ : but the former meaning is the more common: and it is also used as meaning simply I employed him in the managing of the affair, or my affair]. (K.) [Hence also, صرّف الفَرَسَ He exercised the horse.] صرّف الشَّرَابَ : and صرّف الخَمْرَ : see 1, latter half.
Form 3صَاْرَفَ2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarمُصَارَفَةٌ

Core sense — he dealt, or bought and sold, with someonegenerated

3.1

See Form 1, third sentence.

3.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe dealing, or buying and selling, with someone—مُصَارَفَةٌ

With بِصَرْفٍ, apparently meaning with art, artifice, or cunning, or perhaps in the exchanging of money: see صَيْرَفِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, third sentence. The inf. n. مُصَارَفَةٌ signifies also The dealing, or buying and selling, with any one بِصَرْفٍ [app. meaning with art or artifice or cunning, or it may perhaps mean in the exchanging of money: see صَيْرَفِىٌّ ], (KL.)
Form 4اصرف الشَّرَابَ1 sense

Core sense — he left the beverage, or wine, unmixedgenerated

4.1

See Form 1, latter half.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, latter half.
Form 5تصرّف4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he acted as he pleased in an affair; he used art or cunning; it turned aboutgenerated

5.1

Quasi-passive of Form 2: said of a man's face, it turned about, or became turned about; synonym تقلّب.

Lane cites “Jel in ii. 139” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
5.1.1

Said of a thing: it was, or became, employed in more than one way, as though it were turned from one way to another way.

5.1.2figurative · مجازhe acted in whatever way he pleased in the affair—تصرّف فِى الأَمْرِ

Bd on 25:20 takes it in the same way; but the former meaning is the more common: see also Form 8.

Or فِى أَمْرِى.

Quasi-passive of صَرَّفْتُهُ فِيهِ, and so synonymous with تقلّب: he acted by his own judgment or free will, as a free agent, in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or of my affair; or he was, or became, employed to do so.

Or it is from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ, that is, he practised versatility, or used art, artifice, or cunning, in the affair, or in my affair; synonym اِحْتَالَ.

[It is also used as meaning simply he employed himself, or was employed, in managing the affair, or my affair; because the management of affairs generally requires versatility, or the use of art, artifice, or cunning.]

Lane cites “Bd in xxv. 20” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
5.1.3

Said of a horse: he was exercised.

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[quasi-pass. of 2: thus,] said of a man's face, It turned about; or was, or became, turned about; syn. تقلّب . (Jel in ii. 139.) And It (a thing) was, or became, employed in other [i. e. more] than one way; as though it were turned from one way to another way. (M.) [Hence,] تصرّف فِى الأَمْرِ , (K,) or فِى أَمْرِى , (S,) quasi-pass. of صَرَّفْتُهُ فِيهِ , (S, * O, K,) thus syn. with تقلّب [meaning He acted in whatsoever way he pleased, according to his own judgment or discretion or free will, or as a free agent, in the disposal, or management, of the affair, or my affair; or he was, or became, employed to do so]: (K:) or it is from الصَّرْفُ as signifying الحِيلَةُ ; (S, M, TA;) i. e. it means [he practised versatility, or] he used art or artifice or cunning, in the affair, or in my affair; syn. اِحْتَالَ . (TA [and in like manner Bd in xxv. 20: but the former meaning is the more common: see also 8].) [It is also used as meaning simply He employed himself, or was employed, in the managing of the affair, or my affair; because the management of affairs generally requires the practice of versatility, or the use of art or artifice or cunning.] [Hence also, said of a horse, He was exercised.]
Form 7انصرف3 senses · 1 main
maṣdarاِنْصِرَافٌ

Core sense — he, or it, turned, or went, away, or back, from his waygenerated

7.1then they return, or go back, from the place in which they have listened—ثُمَّ ٱنْصَرَفُوا

and مُنْصَرَفٌ is also sometimes a maṣdar of it as well as a noun of place.

Quasi-passive of صَرَفَهُ, said of a thing or of a man: it, or he, turned, or went, away, or back, from its, or his, way, or course; or was turned, sent, or put away, or back; or averted, or repelled; or shifted from one state to another (see Form 1, first sentence).

Or it is the same as اِنْكَفَّ, so in the copies of the K; but this explanation is inadequate, and the better one is انْكَفَأَ, that is, he, or it, reverted, or returned, or was turned away, or back; in agreement with what is said in the O.

Kur 9:128. Or: then they turn away from doing anything of what they have heard.

7.1.1

According to Golius it also means it ran in a small stream, or the like, for he explains it as “manavit”; but he names no authority for this.

7.1.2

Said of a noun: it was inflected, or declined, with tenween.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 7
9:127
وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌ نَّظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ هَلْ يَرَىٰكُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ ثُمَّ ٱنصَرَفُوا۟ ۚ صَرَفَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُم بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ

Whenever there cometh down a Sura, they look at each other, (saying), "Doth anyone see you?" Then they turn aside: Allah hath turned their hearts (from the light); for they are a people that understand not.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, M, O, K,) inf. n. اِنْصِرَافٌ , (O,) and مُنْصَرَفٌ is also sometimes an inf. n. thereof as well as a n. of place, (S,) quasi-pass. of صَرَفَهُ , (S, M,) said of a thing, (M,) or of a man; (S;) as such signifying It [or he] turned, or went, away, or back, from its [or his] way, or course; or was, or became, turned, or sent, or put, away, or back, therefrom; or averted, or repelled, therefrom: (M:) [or shifted from one state, or condition, to another: (see 1, first sentence:)] or i. q. اِنْكَفَّ ; so in the copies of the K; but [this is an inadequate explanation;] the right [or better] explanation is انْكَفَأَ [i. e. he, or it, reverted, or returned; or was, or became, turned away or back]; agreeably with what is said in the O. (TA.) ثُمَّ ٱنْصَرَفُوا in the Kur [ix. 128] means Then they return, or go back, from the place in which they have listened: or then they turn away from doing aught of that which they have heard. (M.) [Accord. to Golius, it signifies also It ran in a small stream; or the like; for he explains it as meaning “ manavit: ” but for this he names no authority. Said of a noun, it means It was inflected, or declined, with tenween.]
Form 8اصطرف3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he sought gain, using art or cunning; he exchanged dirhems for othersgenerated

8.1figurative · مجازhe sought after gain, using art or cunning—صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ

He sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance or the like, and used art, artifice, or cunning in doing so, for his family, or household; and so صَرَفَ.

As though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ.

he used art, artifice, or cunning in the seeking of gain—اصطرف

Here the word used is تصرّف.

he used art, artifice, or cunning in the seeking of gain—اصطرف فِى طَلَبِ الكَسْبِ
8.2

It is also transitive: one says اصطرف وَجْهَهُ; see Form 1, first quarter.

8.2.1he procured the dirhems in exchange for other dirhems, or for deenárs—اصطرف الدَّرَاهِمَ
Show Lane's original text
He sought, sought after, or sought to gain, sustenance or the like, (M, TA,) and used art or artifice or cunning [in so doing]; (M;) for his family, or household; (M, TA;) as also صَرَفَ , aor. صَرِفَ ; you say, صَرَفَ لِأَهْلِهِ [as though meaning صَرَفَ نَفْسَهُ لِأَهْلِهِ ] and اصطرف : (M:) or he used art or artifice or cunning ( تصرّف ) in the seeking of gain: (O, K, TA:) or [meaning thus] you say, اصطرف فِى طَلَبِ الكَسْبِ . (S.) It is also trans.: you say, اصطرف وَجْهَهُ : see 1, first quarter. And اصطرف الدَّرَاهِمَ He procured the dirhems in exchange for [other] dirhems or for deenars. (Mgh.)
Form 10اِسْتَصْرَفْتُ ٱللّٰهَ المَكَارِهَ1 sense

Core sense — I begged God to avert disliked things from megenerated

10.1

I begged God to avert from me the things, or events, that are objects of dislike or hatred.

Show Lane's original text
(S, O, K) I begged God to avert from me the things, or events, that are objects of dislike or hatred. (O, K.)

Derived nouns 22

Nounصَرْفٌ7 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the shifting of fortune, its calamities; art, or cunning; superiority of one coin over anothergenerated

1

As a maṣdar: see Form 1.

1.1the evil accidents, mishaps, or calamities, of time, or fortune—صَرْفُ الدَّهْرِ

That is, حَدَثَانُهُ and نَوَائِبُهُ, or حَوَادِثُهُ, because time, or fortune, turns things from their way, or course.

But it seems better rendered the shifting of fortune, or its shifting about; it is a maṣdar sometimes used as a simple noun, and therefore has a plural, صُرُوفٌ.

the afflictions arising from the course she has taken in her journey have exceeded the bounds of moderation—قَدْ شَحَطَتْ صَرْفُ نَوَاهَا

In a verse of Sakhr-el-Gheï. ISd says he made it feminine because it depends upon النَّوَى, which is feminine.

Or it is made feminine here because it has the meaning of a broken plural, which is feminine.

Or the meaning is قَدْ بَعُدَتْ تَصَرُّفُ وَجْهِهَا الَّذِى أَخَذَتْ فِيهِ, that is, the shifting about of the course she has taken has become far-extending, صَرْف being used as a maṣdar; for the Arabs sometimes make the maṣdar feminine, saying أَوْجَعَتْنِى ضَرْبُكَ as well as أَوْجَعَنِى ضَرْبُكَ. This I think the best explanation.

1.2

Also repentance. See a phrase below in which this and other meanings are assigned to it.

1.3figurative · مجازand they are not able to put in practice art, artifice, or cunning, nor to aid—فَمَآ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ صَرْفًا وَلَا نَصْرًا

Kur 25:20. Or the meaning is: they are not able to avert, or repel, punishment from themselves, nor to aid themselves.

Also art, artifice, or cunning. So Yoo.

1.4between the two dirhems is a difference of excellence—بَيْنَ الدِّرْهَمَيْنِ صَرْفٌ

Because the silver of one of them is the better.

such a one does not know the excellence of one kind of speech over another—فُلَانٌ لَا يَعْرِفُ صَرْفَ الكَلَامِ

The same is said of speech.

there is in this an excess, and an excellence, over this—لِهٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا صَرْفٌ

For when one thing is judged to excel, it, or he, is turned aside from its, or his, likes, or fellows.

on this sense Also the excellence, or superiority, of a dirhem, or of a deenár, over another, in goodness or in value.

1.5the night and the day—الصَّرْفَانِ

Also the night, and the day, because they interchange.

Also الصِّرْفَانِ in the same sense, according to Ibn-ʿAbbád, like الصِّرْعَانِ, which is with kesr as well as with fet-h.

1.6neither the one nor the other shall be accepted from him—لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ

A saying of the Arabs, or of the Prophet, in a certain tradition.

The two words are صَرْف and عَدْل: by صَرْف is meant repentance, and by عَدْل ransom.

Or, according to Yoo, the former means art, artifice, or cunning, and the latter ransom.

Or the former means acquisition of gain, and the latter ransom.

Or the former a voluntary act, and the latter an obligatory act; or the reverse.

Or the former weight, and the latter measure.

Or the former deviation, and the latter a right, or direct, course.

Or the former مَا يُتَصَرَّفُ فِيهِ, apparently meaning an evasive artifice, and the latter something like it.

Or the former value, or price, and the latter something like it; the saying originally relating to the bloodwit.

they did not accept from them a bloodwit, nor did they slay one of their people for him who had been slain—لَمْ يَقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا

They required from them more than that; for the Arabs often used to slay two men, and three, for one man.

When they slew a man for a man, that was العَدْل with them; and when they took a bloodwit, having turned from the blood to another thing, that was صَرْف, that is, the value, or price, was صَرْف.

The saying was then applied in relation to anything, so as to become proverbial of one who was to render more than was due from him.

It has also been said that صَرْف here means something additional, or in excess; but this is nothing.

Qur’ānic occurrences صَرْف
25:19
فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوكُم بِمَا تَقُولُونَ فَمَا تَسْتَطِيعُونَ صَرْفًا وَلَا نَصْرًا ۚ وَمَن يَظْلِم مِّنكُمْ نُذِقْهُ عَذَابًا كَبِيرًا

(Allah will say): "Now have they proved you liars in what ye say: so ye cannot avert (your penalty) nor (get) help." And whoever among you does wrong, him shall We cause to taste of a grievous Penalty.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[as an inf. n.: see 1]. Used as a subst., The evil accidents, mishaps, or calamities, of time, or fortune; [thus expl. as having a pl. signification;] صَرْفُ الدَّهْرِ meaning حَدَثَانُهُ , (S, M, O, K,) and نَوَائِبُهُ , (S, O, K,) or حَوَادِثُهُ ; (Msb;) because it [i. e. time, or fortune,] turns things from their way, or course: (M:) [but it seems to be more properly rendered the shifting of fortune, or its shifting about; and to be an inf. n. sometimes used as a simple subst., and therefore having a pl., for] its pl. is صُرُوفٌ . (M, Msb.) In the phrase قَدْ شَحَطَتْ صَرْفُ نَوَاهَا , in a verse of Sakhr-el-Ghei, [ISd says,] he has made it fem. because of its dependance upon النَّوَى [which is fem.; as though the meaning were The afflictions that are the consequence of the course taken by her in her journey have exceeded the bounds of moderation]: (M:) [or it is here made fem. because having the signification of a broken pl., which is fem.:] or the meaning is, قَدْ بَعُدَتْ تَصَرُّفُ وَجْهِهَا الَّذِى أَخَذَتْ فِيهِ [i. e. the shiftingabout of her course that she has taken has become far-extending; صَرْف being thus used as an inf. n.; for the Arabs sometimes make the inf. n. fem., saying أَوْجَعَتْنِى ضَرْبُكَ as well as أَوْجَعَنِى ضَرْبُكَ ; (see EM p. 157;) and this I think the most preferable explanation]. (Skr in his Expos. of the Poems of the Hudhalees, p. 14 of the vol. edited by Kosegarten.) Also Repentance. (S, M, O, Msb, K.) [See a phrase below, in which this and other meanings are assigned to it.] And Art, artifice, or cunning. (Yoo, S, M, O, K, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxv. 20], فَمَآ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ صَرْفًا وَلَا نَصْرًا [And they are not able to put in practice art or artifice or cunning, nor aid]: (S, TA:) or this means and they are not able to avert, or repel, from themselves punishment, (O, K, TA,) nor to aid themselves. (O, TA.) And Excellence, or superiority, of a dirhem, (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K,) and of a deenár, (M,) over another, (S, M, &c.,) in goodness, (S, Mgh, Msb,) or in value; (M, Mgh, O, K;) as in the saying, بَيْنَ الدِّرْهَمَيْنِ صَرْفٌ [Between the two dirhems is a difference of excellence], because of the [superior] goodness of the silver of one of them: (S:) and in like manner, of speech; (O, K;) as in the saying فُلَانٌ لَا يَعْرِفُ صَرْفَ الكَلَامِ Such a one knows not the excellence of speech over other speech: (O:) and [in like manner] one says, لِهٰذَا عَلَى هٰذَا صَرْفٌ There is, or pertains, to this, an excess, and an excellence, over this; for when one is judged to excel, it, or he, is turned aside from its, or his, likes, or fellows. (O, K. *) And The night; and the day: (K:) [because of their interchanging:] الصَّرْفَانِ signifies the night and the day; (S, O, K;) as also الصِّرْفَانِ ; (K;) the latter accord. to Ibn-'Abbád; (O;) like الصِّرْعَانِ , with kesr also [as well as with fet-h]. (TA.) In the saying (S, M, O, Msb) of the Arabs, (M,) or of the Prophet, (O, Msb,) in a certain trad., (K,) لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَرْفٌ وَلَا عَدْلٌ [Neither صَرْف nor عَدْل shall be accepted from him], (S, M, * O, Msb, *) by صَرْف is meant repentance; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) and by عَدْل , ransom: (M, Msb, K:) or by the former, art, or artifice, or cunning; (Yoo, S, M, O, K;) and by the latter, ransom: (M:) or by the former, acquisition of gain; and by the latter, ransom: (K:) or by the former, a supererogatory act; (A'Obeyd, M, O, K;) and by the latter, an obligatory act: (A'Obeyd, M, K:) or vice versâ: (K:) or by the former, weight; and by the latter, measure: (M, O, K:) or by the former, deviation; and by the latter, a right, or direct, course: (IAar, M:) or by the former, مَا يُتَصَرَّفُ فِيهِ [app. meaning an evasive artifice]; and by the latter, a like: (Th, M:) or by the former, value, or price; and by the latter, a like; the saying originally relating to the bloodwit ( الدِّيَة ): one says, لَمْ يَقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا , i. e. They did not accept from them a bloodwit, nor did they slay one man for him, of their people, who had been slain; but they required from them more than that; for the Arabs used [often] to slay two men, and three, for one man; when they slew a man for a man, that was العَدْل with them; and when they took a bloodwit, having turned from the blood to another thing, that was صَرْف , i. e. the value, or price, was صَرْف : then the saying was applied in relation to anything, so as to be proverbially used in the case of him who was to render more than was incumbent on him: it has also been said that by صَرْف is meant [in the saying cited above] something additional, or in excess; but this is nought. (M.)
Nounصِرْفٌ3 senses

Core sense — pure, unmixed, free from admixture; a red dye for leathergenerated

1

See its dual in the preceding entry, near the middle.

2

Also pure, unmixed, or free from admixture; applied to wine, or beverage, as meaning unmixed, and so is مَصْرُوفٌ; and to other things, to blood, to phlegm, and to anything, as meaning free from turbid foulnesses.

And صَرِيفٌ likewise means anything having no admixture in it.

3

And a certain red dye with which the thongs, or straps, of sandals are dyed, or with which the hide is dyed; or a certain red thing with which the hide is tanned (يُدْبَغُ, perhaps a mistranscription for يُصْبَغُ).

Show Lane's original text
: see its dual in the next preceding paragraph, near the middle. Also Pure, unmixed, or free from admixture; (S, M, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) applied to wine, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) or beverage, as meaning unmixed, (S, M, O, Msb,) and so مَصْرُوفٌ , (O, K,) and to other things, (K,) to blood, and to phlegm, (TA,) and to anything (M, Msb) as meaning free from turbid foulnesses: (Mgh, * Msb:) and صَرِيفٌ likewise signifies anything having in it no admixture. (TA.) And A certain dye, (Msb,) a red dye, (S, O, K,) with which the thongs, or straps, of sandals are dyed, (S, O,) or with which the hide is dyed: (Msb:) or a certain red thing with which the hide is tanned ( يُدْبَغُ [perhaps a mistranscription for يُصْبَغُ ]). (So in a copy of the M.)
Nounالصَّرْفَةُ4 senses

Core sense — a very bright star, the Twelfth Mansion of the Moon; a kind of beadgenerated

1the dog-tooth of time, or fortune, which it shows smiling—نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى يَفْتَرُّ عَنْهُ

One of the Mansions of the Moon, the Twelfth Mansion: a single very bright star, of Leo, with some small faint stars beside it.

It is over against (بِتِلْقَآء, so in my copies of the S), or following, الزُّبْرَة; that is, it is a single star behind the خَرَاتَانِ of the Lion.

It is on the hinder part of the tail of the Lion, for which reason our astronomers call it Deneb; and it is also called the قُنْب, which means the sheath of the penis, of the Lion.

In the S and O, wrongly, “the قَلْب of the Lion”.

[It rose at dawn in Central Arabia, about the beginning of the era of the Flight, on the 8th of September, Old Style; and set at dawn on the 9th of March.]

Ibn-Kunásah says it is called الصَّرْفَةُ because of the turning away of the cold from the heat and the coming of the heat, according to the K at its rising; but IB says, correctly, because of the turning away of the heat at its rising, and the coming of the cold.

That is, correctly, it is so called because of the turning away of the cold at its setting in the early mornings, and the turning away of the heat at its rising from beneath the rays of the sun in the early mornings.

When it rises before the dawn, that is the beginning of autumn; and when it sets with the rising of the dawn, that is the beginning of spring.

Hence الصَّرْفَةُ is called نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى يُفْتَرُّ, according to Ibn-ʿAbbád.

For when الصرفة rises — a mistake for “sets, at dawn” — the blossoms come forth and the herbage attains its full height; so in the M and K in art. فر.

In the T it is said that الصَّرْفَة is called by the Arabs نَابُ الدَّهْرِ, the dog-tooth of time, or fortune, لِأَنَّهُ يَفْتَرُّ عَنِ البَرْدِ وَعَنِ الحَرِّ فِى الحَالَتَيْنِ, that is, because it smiles revealing the coming of the cold and that of the heat, in its two states of rising and setting at dawn.

2a certain kind of bead—صَرْفَةٌ

Called خَرَزَةٌ; mentioned among those beads by means of which men are captivated, or restrained by women from other women, or by means of which men are conciliated, so as to be turned from their ways of conduct.

3

And a bow having a black mark or spot on it, whose arrows, when they are shot, will not hit the object aimed at.

4I milked the she-camel in the early morning and then left her until the same time next day—حَلَبْتُ النَّاقَةَ صَرْفَةً

That is, between dawn and sunrise.

Show Lane's original text
One of the Mansions of the Moon; [the Twelfth Mansion;] a single very bright star, [ of Leo,] (S, O, K, and Kzw in his Descr. of the Mansions of the Moon,) by which are some small evanescent stars; (Kzw;) over against, ( بِتِلْقَآء , so in my copies of the S,) or following, (O, K and Kzw ubi suprà,) الزُّبْرَة ; (S, O, K, Kzw;) [i. e.] it is a single star behind the خَرَاتَانِ of the Lion; (M;) it is on the hinder part of the tail ( ذَنَب ) of the Lion; [wherefore it is called by our astronomers Deneb;] and is also called the قُنْب , which means the sheath of the penis, of the Lion: (Kzw in his Descr. of Leo: [in the S and O, erroneously, “ the قَلْب of the Lion: ”]) [it rose aurorally, in Central Arabia, about the commencement of the era of the Flight, on the 8th of Sept., O. S.; and set aurorally on the 9th of March:] Ibn-Kunáseh says, (M,) it is called الصَّرْفَةُ because of the turning away of the cold (S, M, O, K) from the heat, (M,) and the coming of the heat, (S, O,) accord. to the [O and] K at its rising, but [as] IB says, correctly because of the turning away of the heat [at its rising], and the coming of the cold: (TA:) [i. e., correctly,] it is thus called because of the turning away of the cold at its setting in the early mornings, and the turning away of the heat at its rising from beneath the rays of the sun in the early mornings: (Kzw in his Descr. of Leo:) when it rises before the dawn, that is the beginning of autumn; and when it sets with the rising of the dawn, that is the beginning of spring. (M.) [Hence,] الصَّرْفَةُ is [called] نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى يُفْتَرُّ , (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K,) or نَابُ الدَّهْرِ الَّذِى يَفْتَرُّ عَنْهُ [The dog-tooth of time, or fortune, which it shows smiling]: for when الصرفة rises, [a mistake for “ sets, aurorally, ”] the blossoms come forth and the herbage attains its full height: (M and K in art. فر :) in the T it is said that الصَّرْفَة is called by the Arabs نَابُ الدَّهْرِ [the dog-tooth of time, or fortune,] لِأَنَّهُ يَفْتَرُّ عَنِ البَرْدِ وَعَنِ الحَرِّ فِى الحَالَتَيْنِ [i. e. because it smiles revealing (the advent of) the cold and (that of) the heat, in its two states (of auroral rising and setting)]. (TA.) صَرْفَةٌ also signifies A certain kind of bead ( خَرَزَةٌ ); (Lh, S, M, O, K;) mentioned among those by means of which men are captivated, or fascinated, or restrained by women from other women; (S, O, K; *) or by means of which men are conciliated, so as to be turned thereby from their ways of acting or conduct or the like. (Lh, M.) And A bow having upon it a black mark or spot ( شَامَةٌ سَوْدَآءُ ), the arrows of which, when they are shot, will not hit the object of aim. (O, K.) And one says, حَلَبْتُ النَّاقَةَ صَرْفَةً , meaning I milked the she-camel in the early morning, between dawn and sunrise, and then left her until the like time of the morrow. (O, K. *)
Nounالصَّرَفَانُ3 senses

Core sense — death; lead; a heavy sort of red datesgenerated

1

Death; a name of death.

2lead—صَرَفَانٌ

Synonym رَصَاصٌ or رَصَاصٌ قَلْعِىٌّ; and, according to Ibn-ʿAbbád, copper, synonym نُحَاسٌ.

3

And a sort of dates; a heavy sort of dates. Ism waḥda with ة.

AHn says, on the authority of certain of the Arabs, that the صَرَفَانَة is a red date, like the بَرْنِيَّة, but hard to chew, tough, and the heaviest of all dates.

People having households and slaves and hired men provide it, because it satisfies hunger and stands them in great stead.

For لجرآتِهَا in the O, referring to the ism waḥda, and لِجَزَاتِهَا in copies of the K, and لجِزايَتِها in the CK, I read لِجَزَائِهَا, which is evidently the right reading and agrees with what follows.

Or it is the sort of dates called صَيْحَانِىّ.

AHn says that En-Nowshajánee told him the صَرَفَانَة is called الصَّيْحَانِيَّةُ in El-Hijáz, and its palm-tree likewise.

صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّهْ is one of their proverbs, explained in art. ربع.

Show Lane's original text
Death; (M, K;) a name of death. (IAar, O.) And صَرَفَانٌ signifies Lead; syn. رَصَاصٌ : (S, Msb, K:) or رَصَاصٌ قَلْعِىٌّ [q. v.]: (M:) and (K) accord. to Ibn-'Abbád, (O,) copper; syn. نُحَاسٌ . (O, K.) And A sort of dates; (S, M, O, Msb;) a heavy sort of dates: (K:) n. un. with ة : (M:) AHn says, (M, O,) on the authority of certain of the Arabs, (O,) that the صَرَفَانَة is a red date, like the بَرْنِيَّة , (M, O, Msb,) but (M, O) hard to be chewed, (M, O, K,) tough, (M, O,) and the heaviest of all dates: (M, O, Msb:) persons having households and slaves and hired men provide it, because of its satisfying quality, (O, K, [but for لجرآتِهَا in the O, referring to the n. un., and لِجَزَاتِهَا in copies of the K, and لجِزايَتِها in the CK, I read لِجَزَائِهَا , which is evidently the right reading, and agrees with what here follows,]) and its standing in great stead: (O, K:) or it is the [sort of dates called] صَيْحَانِىّ [q. v.]: (K:) AHn says, En-Nowshajánee told me that the صَرَفَانَة is [called] الصَّيْحَانِيَّةُ in El- Hijáz, and in like manner its palm-tree. (O.) صَرَفَانَةٌ رِبْعِيَّهْ تُصْرَمُ بِالصَّيْفِ وَتُؤْكَلُ بِالشَّتِيَّهْ is one of their proverbs [expl. in art. ربع ]. (AHn, O, K.)
Nounصَرَفِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a camel of a certain excellent sortgenerated

1

A camel of a certain excellent sort; a relative noun. Or it is correctly with د, that is, صَدَفِىٌّ. Some say that it is with د, and this is right.

Show Lane's original text
A camel of a certain excellent sort; (M, O, K;) a rel. n.: (O, K:) or it is correctly with د ; (O, * K;) i. e. صَدَفِىٌّ [q. v.]: (O:) some say that it is with د ; and this is the right. (M.)
Nounصَرُوفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a she-camel that grates with her canine teethgenerated

1

A she-camel that makes a grating, or creaking, sound with her canine teeth.

Show Lane's original text
A she-camel that makes a grating, or creaking, sound with her tushes, or canine teeth. (S, O, K.)
Nounصَرِيفٌ6 senses · 4 main

Core sense — a creaking sound; milk just drawn, still warm; dry palm-branches; silvergenerated

1

Maṣdar of Form 1 in the senses explained near the end of the first paragraph.

2

See also صِرْفٌ.

2.1

Applied to milk: just milked, brought away from the udder while still hot.

2.2

Also dry سَعَف [palm-branches]; ism waḥda with ة, that is, صَرِيفَةٌ means a dry سَعَفَة.

AHn says in one place that الصَّرِيفُ means, as some assert, what has become dry, of trees; like الضَّرِيعُ, called in Persian حُذْخُوش.

So in copies of the K; in the CK خُدْخُوش, and in the O الخَذْخُوَش: all apparently mistranscriptions, for I find nothing like them in Persian except partly, that is, خُوش, meaning “dry”, like خُشْك.

It is also called in Arabic القَفْلَةُ [the tree that has become dry].

[See also صَرِيعٌ, with the unpointed ص.]

3

Also silver, as in a verse cited under إِنْ (page 107, third column); or pure silver.

4

See also the next entry.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of 1 in the senses expl. in the last sentence but one of the first paragraph [q. v.]. (S, M, &c.) See also صِرْفٌ . Applied to milk, (S, M, O, K,) Just milked; (K;) brought away from the udder while hot, (S, M, O,) when milked. (S, O.) Also Dry سَعَف [or palmbranches]: n. un. with ة : (AHn, M:) [i. e.] صَرِيفَةٌ signifies a dry سَعَفَة . (K.) And AHn says, (M, O,) in one place, (M,) الصَّرِيفُ signifies, (M, O, K,) as some assert, (O,) What has become dry, of trees; (M, O, K;) like الضَّرِيعُ ; (M;) called in Pers. حُذْخُوش , (so in copies of the K, in the CK خُدْخُوش , and in the O الخَذْخُوَش , [all app. mistranscriptions, for I find nothing like them in Pers. except partially, i. e. خُوش meaning “ dry, ” like خُشْك ,]) and also called [in Arabic] القَفْلَةُ [the tree that has become dry]. (O.) [See also صَرِيعٌ , with the unpointed ص .] Also Silver: so in a verse cited voce إِنْ (page 107, third col.): (ISk, S, O:) or pure silver. (K.) See also the next paragraph.
Nounصَرِيفَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a thin, round cake of breadgenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

2

Also a thin, round cake of bread; synonym رُقَاقَةٌ. Plural صُرُفٌ and صِرَافٌ, and the collective noun صَرِيفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph. Also A thin, round cake of bread; syn. رُقَاقَةٌ : pl. صُرُفٌ and صِرَافٌ and [coll. gen. n.] صَرِيفٌ . (K.)
Nounخَمْرٌ صَرِيفِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — wine of a town in El-ʿIrák; wine fresh from the jargenerated

1

Wine of صَرِيفُونُ, a place, that is, a town, in El-ʿIrák, in the Sawád of El-ʿIrák near ʿOkbarà, not, as the K implies, from another place of the same name in Wásit.

Or, as some say, wine just taken from the دَنّ [jar]; as one says لَبَنٌ صَرِيفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Wine of صَرِيفُونُ , (S, O, K,) a place, (S, O,) i. e. a town, (O,) in El-' Irák, (S, O,) in the Sawád of El-' Irák near 'Okbarà, (O, TA;) not, as it is implied in the K, from another of the same name in Wásit: (TA:) or, as some say, wine just taken from the دَنّ [or jar]; like [as one says] لَبَنٌ صَرِيفٌ . (O, K.)
Nounصَرَّافٌ2 senses

Core sense — a money-changer, skilful in judging coinsgenerated

1

See صَيْرَفِىٌّ.

2

And see also صَارِفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see صَيْرَفِىٌّ : and see also صَارِفٌ .
Nounصِرِّيفٌ1 sense

Core sense — making a grating, or creaking, soundgenerated

1

See the next entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next paragraph.
Nounصَارِفٌ2 senses

Core sense — grating, or creaking; a canine toothgenerated

1he has no canine tooth in his mouth—مَا فِى فَمِهِ صَارِفَةٌ

Ism fāʿil of Form 1; among other meanings, grating, or creaking, or making a grating, or creaking, sound; and so صَرَّافٌ, but properly in an intensive sense.

The dual of صَرَّافٌ is used by the poet Aboo-Khirásh of two thongs of a sandal that make a creaking sound.

[صِرِّيفٌ likewise means making a creaking sound with the teeth: so according to Freytag, from Jereer.]

Literally, a grater or creaker; for سِنٌّ صَارِفَةٌ is a tooth that makes a grating, or creaking, sound.

2

See also Form 1, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
[act. part. n. of 1: as such having, among other meanings, the meaning of Grating, or creaking; or making a grating, or creaking, sound: and so صَرَّافٌ , but properly in an intensive sense; for] the dual of صَرَّافٌ is used by the poet Aboo-Khirásh as meaning two thongs of a sandal that make a creaking sound: (M:) [and صِرِّيفٌ likewise means making a creaking sound with the teeth: so accord. to Freytag, from Jereer.] One says, مَا فِى فَمِهِ صَارِفَةٌ , meaning He has not in his mouth a canine tooth [lit. a grater or creaker; for سِنٌّ صَارِفَةٌ a tooth that makes a grating, or creaking, sound]. (M.) See also 1, last sentence.
Nounصَارِفَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — making a grating, or creaking, soundgenerated

1

Plural صَوَارِفُ: see تَصَارِيفُ below.

Show Lane's original text
: pl. صَوَارِفُ : see تَصَارِيفُ , below.
Nounصَيْرَفٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who uses art, or cunning, in managing affairsgenerated

1

One who uses art, artifice, or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs; and so صَيْرَفِىٌّ.

The poet Suweyd Ibn-Abee-Káhil El-Yeshkuree applies the latter, in the like sense, as an adjective to a tongue: [And a cunning, sharp tongue, like the edge of the sword — what it touches, it cuts]

shāhid
وَلِسَانًا صَيْرَفِيًّا صَارِمًاكَحُسَامِ السَّيْفِ مَا مَسَّ قَطَعْ
1.1

See also what next follows.

Show Lane's original text
One who practices art or artifice or cunning, in the disposal, or management, of affairs; (S, M, O, K;) as also صَيْرَفِىٌّ ; (S, O, K;) which latter is applied by the poet Suweyd Ibn-Abee-Káhil El-Yeshkuree [in the like sense] as an epithet to a tongue, in his saying, 1 [And a cunning, sharp tongue, like the edge of the sword, what it touches it cuts]. (S, O.) وَلِسَانًا صَيْرَفِيًّا صَارِمًا | كَحُسَامِ السَّيْفِ مَا مَسَّ قَطَعْ See also what next follows.
Nounصَيْرَفِىٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a money-changer, one who knows the relative value of coinsgenerated

1

The same as صَرَّافٌ, or صَرَّافُ دَرَاهِمَ, and so is صَيْرَفٌ: a money-changer; except that صَرَّافٌ has an intensive meaning, apparently a skilful money-changer, and hence it is often used today for a banker.

All are applied to one who knows and distinguishes the relative excellence, or superiority, of pieces of money.

These names are from المُصَارَفَةُ, or from التَّصَرُّفُ, or from صَرْفٌ, meaning the excellence, or superiority, of one dirhem, or deenár, over another, because the one that excels is turned aside from the deficient.

The plural is صَيَارِفَةٌ and صَيَارِفُ and صَيَارِيفُ, the last occurring in poetry, by poetic licence, for the sake of the metre.

1.1

See also صَيْرَفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. صَرَّافٌ , (S, M, O, Msb,) or صَرَّافُ دَرَاهِمَ , (K,) and so صَيْرَفٌ , (M, Msb, K,) i. e. A money-changer; (M, Msb, TA;) except that صَرَّافٌ has an intensive signification [app. as meaning a skilful money-changer, and hence it is often used in the present day as meaning a banker]: (Msb:) all are applied to him who knows and distinguishes the relative excellence, or superiority, of pieces of money: (Mgh:) these appellations are from المُصَارَفَةُ , (S, O,) or from التَّصَرُّفُ , (M,) or from صَرْفٌ meaning “ excellence, ” or “ superiority, ” of one dirhem [or deenár] over another, (Mgh, and Msb on the authority of IF in relation to the first,) because such as excels, or is superior, is turned aside from the deficient: (Mgh:) the pl. is صَيَارِفَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and صَيَارِفُ (M) and صَيَارِيفُ , this last occurring in poetry, (S, M, O, K,) by poetic license, for the sake of the measure. (S, O.) See also صَيْرَفٌ .
Nounتَصَارِيفُ الأُمُورِ1 sense

Core sense — the varieties, or vicissitudes, of affairs or eventsgenerated

1

The varieties, or vicissitudes, of affairs or events; and so صَوَارِفُهَا, plural of صَارِفَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[and صَوَارِفُهَا pl. of صَارِفَةٌ ] The varieties, or vicissitudes, of affairs or events. (M, TA.)
Nounمَصْرِفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place of turning away, or backgenerated

1and they shall not find a place to which to turn away, or back, from it—وَلَمْ يَجِدُوا عَنْهَا مَصْرِفًا

A place of turning away or back: see also مُنْصَرَفٌ.

Kur 18:51. Or the meaning is: a turning away, or back, from it.

Plural مَصَارِفُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences مَصْرِف
18:53
وَرَءَا ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَ ٱلنَّارَ فَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُم مُّوَاقِعُوهَا وَلَمْ يَجِدُوا۟ عَنْهَا مَصْرِفًا

And the Sinful shall see the fire and apprehend that they have to fall therein: no means will they find to turn away therefrom.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A place of turning away or back: [see also مُنْصَرَفٌ :] hence, in the Kur [xviii. 51], وَلَمْ يَجِدُوا عَنْهَا مَصْرِفًا , (TA,) meaning [And they shall not find] a place to which to turn away, or back, from it: (Bd, Jel:) or, a turning away, or back, from it: (Bd:) pl. مَصَارِفُ . (TA.)
Nounمَصْرُوفٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — turned, or sent, away, or backgenerated

1

Ism mafʿūl of Form 1: see its verb.

1.1

See مُنْصَرِفٌ.

2

See also صِرْفٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences مَصْرُوف
11:8
وَلَئِنْ أَخَّرْنَا عَنْهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابَ إِلَىٰٓ أُمَّةٍ مَّعْدُودَةٍ لَّيَقُولُنَّ مَا يَحْبِسُهُۥٓ ۗ أَلَا يَوْمَ يَأْتِيهِمْ لَيْسَ مَصْرُوفًا عَنْهُمْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ

If We delay the penalty for them for a definite term, they are sure to say, "What keeps it back?" Ah! On the day it (actually) reaches them, nothing will turn it away from them, and they will be completely encircled by that which they used to mock at!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

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[pass. part. n. of 1: see its verb: and] see مُنْصَرِفٌ : see also صِرْفٌ .
Nounمُتَصَرَّفٌ1 sense

Core sense — place, or scope, or room, for free actiongenerated

1

The same as مُتَقَلَّبٌ, meaning place, or scope, or room, for free action. So in the A, under سَرْبٌ, and in the Fáïk.

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i. q. مُتَقَلَّبٌ [as meaning Place, or scope, or room, for free action]. (A, voce سَرْبٌ [q. v.]; and so in the Fáïk.)
Nounمُتَصَرِّفٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — perfectly inflected, said of a verb; one acting freely in an affairgenerated

1

An adjective applied to a verb, meaning that is perfectly inflected, opposed to جَامِدٌ. So under قَدْ.

1.1

[ظَرْفٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ and طَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَصَرِّفٍ mean the same, respectively, as ظَرْفٌ مُتَمَكِّنٌ and ظَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَمَكِّنٍ: see art. مكن.]

1.2a factor, an agent, or a deputy, who acts by his own free will in managing an affair—وَكِيلٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ
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is an epithet applied to a verb [as meaning That is perfectly inflected], opposed to جَامِدٌ [q. v.]. (TA, voce قَدْ .) [ ظَرْفٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ and طَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَصَرِّفٍ signify the same, respectively, as ظَرْفٌ مُتَمَكِّنٌ and ظَرْفٌ غَيْرُ مُتَمَكِّنٍ : see art. مكن . وَكِيلٌ مُتَصَرِّفٌ , means A factor, an agent, or a deputy, who acts according to his own free will in the disposal, or management, of an affair.]
Nounمُنْصَرَفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place of turning away, or backgenerated

1

A noun of place, meaning a place of turning away or back, like مَصْرِفٌ, as well as a maṣdar of Form 7.

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is a n. of place, [meaning A place of turning away or back, like مَصْرِفٌ ,] as well as an inf. n. [of 7]. (S.)
Nounمُنْصَرِفٌ1 sense

Core sense — inflected, or declined, with tenween, said of a noungenerated

1

This and غَيْرُ مُنْصَرِفٍ denote the two different sorts of nouns, meaning, respectively, like مَصْرُوفٌ and غَيْرُ مَصْرُوفٍ, inflected, or declined, with tenween, and not so inflected or declined.

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and غَيْرُ مُنْصَرِفٍ denote the two different sorts of nouns, (O, K,) meaning, respectively, [like مَصْرُوفٌ and غَيْرُ مَصْرُوفٍ ,] Inflected, or declined, with tenween, and not so inflected or declined. (O, TA.)