شوى

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 7 · Form 8 · 27 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 2

Form 1شَوَى اللَّحْمَ4 senses · 2 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarشَىٌّ

Core sense — he roasted, broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat; he heated the watergenerated

1.1he roasted, broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat—اشواهُ

. The verb of this entry has this meaning, and the word glossed here means the same.

Also اشتواهُ, or this last, or اشتوى [alone]: he prepared, or prepared for himself, شِوَآء, that is, roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat.

1.1.1he heated the water—شَوَى المَآءَ

Muḍāriʿ as above.

1.1.2

[According to Freytag, شَوَى also means he cut off from roasted flesh-meat; but he names no authority for this.]

1.2

See also form 4.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

18:29

وَقُلِ ٱلْحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّكُمْ ۖ فَمَن شَآءَ فَلْيُؤْمِن وَمَن شَآءَ فَلْيَكْفُرْ ۚ إِنَّآ أَعْتَدْنَا لِلظَّـٰلِمِينَ نَارًا أَحَاطَ بِهِمْ سُرَادِقُهَا ۚ وَإِن يَسْتَغِيثُوا۟ يُغَاثُوا۟ بِمَآءٍ كَٱلْمُهْلِ يَشْوِى ٱلْوُجُوهَ ۚ بِئْسَ ٱلشَّرَابُ وَسَآءَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا

Say, "The truth is from your Lord": Let him who will believe, and let him who will, reject (it): for the wrong-doers We have prepared a Fire whose (smoke and flames), like the walls and roof of a tent, will hem them in: if they implore relief they will be granted water like melted brass, that will scald their faces, how dreadful the drink! How uncomfortable a couch to recline on!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (aor. شَوِىَ , TA,) inf. n. شَىٌّ , (S, MA, Msb, K,) He roasted, broiled, or fried, the flesh-meat; (MA, KL, * PS;) and اشواهُ signifies the same; as also اشتواهُ ; (Msb, TA;) or this last, (TA,) or اشتوى [alone], (S, MA,) signifies he prepared, or prepared for himself, (S, MA, * TA,) شِوَآء , (S, TA, *) or roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat. (MA.) And شَوَى المَآءَ , (IAar, K,) aor. as above, (TA,) He heated the water. (IAar, K.) [And accord. to Freytag, شَوَى signifies also He cut off from ( من ) roasted flesh-meat: but for this he has named no authority.] See also 4.

Form 2شَوَّىَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he gave him flesh-meatgenerated

2.1

See form 4.

2.1.1he gave him flesh-meat—شوّاهُ لَحْمًا

[Apparently in an unrestricted sense.]

Show Lane's original text

see 4. Also شوّاهُ لَحْمًا He gave him flesh-meat [app. in an unrestricted sense]. (TA.)

Form 3يُشَاوِى1 sense

Core sense — he vied with him, he contended with himgenerated

3.1

For يُشَائِى see form 3 in art. شأو.

Show Lane's original text

, for يُشَائِى : see 3 in art. شأو .

Form 4اشوى اللَّحْمَ10 senses · 5 main

Core sense — he roasted flesh-meat; he fed them roasted meat; he hit a non-vital partgenerated

4.1

See form 1.

4.1.1he fed them with شِوَآء, i.e. roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat—أَشْوَاهُمْ

he fed them with roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat—شَوَّاهُمْ

maṣdar تَشْوِيَةٌ.

on this sense Both verbs, with their complements, also mean: he gave them flesh-meat for them to roast, broil, or fry.

4.2figurative · مجازhe left a portion remaining of his supper—اشوى

Or: he left some roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat of his supper.

4.2.1the wheat became fit to be rubbed with the hands and roasted—اشوى القَمْحُ

4.2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe palm-branches became yellow as they dried up—اشوى السَّعَفُ

As though a roasting had affected them.

4.3

Also: he got, or acquired, the worse, or viler, sort of cattle.

4.4he hit his شَوَى, i.e. [one or more of his] extremities, not a [vital] place where a wound would cause death—اشواهُ

Said of a shooter or caster.

شَوَاهُ means the same, as in the Tekmileh; in the K, wrongly, شوّاهُ.

4.4.1

[Hence: he missed it, that is, the object of his aim. See مُشْوًى, and see also Ham p. 91.]

4.4.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

[Hence, also, apparently,] Hr says that اشوى is allowable in the sense of أَسْقَطَ [he dropped, left out, or omitted, anything], like أَسْوَى.

4.5

In the saying مَا أَعْيَاهُ وَأَشْيَاهُ, and likewise in ما اعياه وَأَشْوَاهُ, the second verb is an imitative sequent to the first, added only for emphasis.

Show Lane's original text

: see 1. أَشْوَاهُمْ ; (S, Msb, K;) and شَوَّاهُمْ , inf. n. تَشْوِيَةٌ ; (K;) He fed them with شِوَآء [i. e. roasted, or broiled, or fried, flesh-meat]. (S, Msb, K.) And (both verbs with their complements) He gave them flesh-meat that they might roast, or broil, or fry, thereof. (AZ, K.) And اشوى He left a portion remaining of his supper: (S, K, TA:) or he left some roasted, or broiled, or fried, flesh-meat of his supper. (A, TA.) And اشوى القَمْحُ The wheat became fit to be rubbed with the hands and to be roasted. (ISd, K.) And اشوى السَّعَفُ The palmbranches became yellow on the occasion of their drying up; (K, TA;) as though a roasting affected them. (TA.) Also He got, or acquired, the worse, or viler, sort of cattle. (K.) اشواهُ said of a shooter or caster, He hit (S, * Msb, * K) his شَوَى , (K,) i. e. [one or more of his] extremities, (TA,) not a [vital] place where a wound would occasion death; (S, Msb, K;) and so شَوَاهُ , as in the Tekmileh: in the K, erroneously, شوّاهُ . (TA.) [Hence, He missed it, i. e. the object of his aim. See مُشْوًى : and see also Ham p. 91.] [Hence, also, app.,] Hr says that اشوى is allowable in the sense of أَسْقَطَ [He dropped, left out, omitted, &c., anything]; like أَسْوَى [q. v.]. (TA in art. سوى .) In the saying مَا أَعْيَاهُ وَأَشْيَاهُ (S, K, [in some copies of the K وَمَا أَشْيَاهُ ,]) and so in ما اعياه وَأَشْوَاهُ , (S, * K, * TA,) the latter verb is an imitative sequent to the former [added only for the purpose of corroboration]. (S, K, TA.)

Form 7انشوى اللَّحْمُ1 sense

Core sense — the flesh-meat became roasted, broiled, or friedgenerated

7.1

The flesh-meat became roasted, broiled, or fried; the quasi-passive of شَوَى اللَّحْمَ.

اشتوى is also used in this sense, but it is said that the latter is not allowable.

Show Lane's original text

The flesh-meat became roasted, broiled, or fried; (MA;) quasi-pass. of شَوَى اللَّحْمَ ; (S, * M, Msb, K;) as also * اشتوى ; (M, K;) [or] the latter in this sense is not allowable. (S, Msb.)

Form 8إِشْتَوَىَ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat for himselfgenerated

8.1

See form 1.

8.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredI journeyed on her until the heat of the summer middays emaciated her—اِشْتَوَيْتُهَا

Said of a she-camel: she became as though she were burnt.

8.2

Derived nouns 21

Nounشَاةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sheep or goatgenerated

See the entry that follows, and see more in art. شوه.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows: and see more in art. شوه .

Nounشِيَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — sheep or goatsgenerated

The same in meaning as شَآءٌ [q. v. in art. شوه].

شَوِىٌّ means the same; it is like غَنِىٌّ. [الشَّوٰى in the CK, as a synonym of الشّاءُ, is a mistranscription.] IAth says that it is an ism jamʿ, or what lexicographers call a plural, of شَاةٌ [the ism waḥda of شَآءٌ].

Show Lane's original text

i. q. شَآءٌ [q. v. in art. شوه ]; as also شَوِىٌّ ; (IAar, K;) the latter is like غَنِىٌّ , [ الشَّوٰى in the CK as syn. with الشّاءُ being a mistranscription,] and is said by IAth to be a quasi-pl. n., or [what lexicographers term] a pl., of شَاةٌ [n. un. of شَآءٌ ]. (TA.)

Nounشِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — roasted, broiled, or friedgenerated

Originally شِوْىٌ.

One says جَآءَ بِالعِىِّ وَالشِّىِّ, using the second noun as an imitative sequent to the first, for emphasis: see art. عى.

Show Lane's original text

is originally شِوْىٌ . (ISd, TA.) One says, جَآءَ بِالعِىِّ وَالشِّىِّ , (S, K,) using the latter noun as an imitative sequent to the former [for the purpose of corroboration: see art. عى ]. (TA.)

Nounشَوًى6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the skin of the head; the extremities; a thing of no accountgenerated

1the skin of the head—شَوَاةٌ

The headword is the plural of this word — or rather it is a collective generic noun of which this word is the ism waḥda.

So [according to some] in the Kur 70:16. Or: the outside of the skin of the head, in which the hair grows. (Aboo-Safwán, in art. بشر.) And some say: the outside of all, or of any part, of the skin.

The headword means the arms or hands and the legs or feet, or the fore and hind legs, and the extremities collectively, and the head of a human being, or the قِحْف of the head [i.e. the bone above the brain, or a separate portion of the skull, or a distinct bone of the skull]; but of a horse, the legs and not the head, because one says عَبْلُ الشَّوَى [i.e. thick in the legs], which cannot relate to a horse's head; and any part that is not a [vital] place, that is, where a wound causes death, such as the legs.

a woman having cracked, or chapped, feet—ثَالِبَةُ الشَّوَى

Mentioned in art. ثلب.

Qur’ān 70:16 approximate — somewhere between 70:1 and 70:17 Lane cites “Kur lxx. 16”

Qur’ān 70:16 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

نَزَّاعَةً لِّلشَّوَىٰ

Plucking out (his being) right to the skull!-Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferreda missing of the object aimed at—شَوًى

It is also a noun [apparently a quasi-maṣdar] from أَشْوَاهُ as said of a shooter or caster.

Hence the saying of the Hudhalee — according to one report, Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr: [And, or for, some speech is a sentence that does not hit a place where a wound would not cause death — that is, it does not miss its object, when it escapes quickly from the upper surface of the tongue — but kills.]

shāhid

فَإِنَّ مِنَ القَوْلِ الَّتِى لَا شَوَى لَهَاإِذَا زَلَّ ظَهْرِ اللِّسَانِ ٱنْفِلَاتُهُ

Here كَلِمَة is a word understood.

Used in the same way of anything that has missed the object aimed at, even where it really has no place in which a wound would cause death, and nothing properly called شَوًى.

It also means a mistake, the same as خَطَأٌ.

1.2figurative · مجازeverything that befalls the faster is a matter of no account, except absence of mind—كُلُّ مَا أَصَابَ الصَّائِمَ شَوًى إِلَّا الغَيْبَةَ

Also a thing, or an affair, that is paltry, mean, despicable, or of no account or weight or worth; in this sense from the same word as means the extremities of an animal.

From a tradition of Mujáhid; that is, nothing that befalls the faster annuls his fast except الغيبة, for this does annul it.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

And the worse, or viler, sort of cattle, of camels, and of sheep or goats; and the small, or young, of them. [See also شُوَايَةٌ.]

1.4figurative · مجاز — inferred

And a remainder, or remaining portion. [See, again, شُوَايَةٌ.]

1.5figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also the same as إِبْقَآءٌ [the making, or causing, or allowing, to remain; or perhaps to continue in life — and if it means this, it may be from the sense explained above, since an animal hit in a part that is not vital is allowed to live].

Show Lane's original text

is pl. of شَوَاةٌ : [or rather the former is a coll. gen. n. of which the latter is the n. un.:] the latter signifies The skin of the head: (S, TA:) so [accord. to some] in the Kur lxx. 16: (TA:) or the exterior of the skin of the head, in which grows the hair: (Aboo-Safwán, TA in art. بشر :) and some say, the exterior of all, or of any part, of the skin: (TA in the present art.:) and the former signifies the arms or hands and the legs or feet, or the fore and hind legs, (S, K,) and (K) the extremities (Msb, K) collectively, (K,) and the head of a human being, (S,) or the قِحْف of the head [i. e. the bone above the brain, or a separate portion of the skull, or a distinct bone of the skull], (K,) but of a horse the legs, not the head, because one says عَبْلُ الشَّوَى [i. e. thick in the legs], for this cannot relate to the head of the horse, (S,) and any part that is not a [vital] place [i. e.] where a wound causes death (S, Msb, K) such [for instance] as the legs. (Msb.) ثَالِبَةُ الشَّوَى means A woman having cracked, or chapped, feet. (S and K in art. ثلب .) It is also a subst. [app. meaning a quasi-inf. n.] from أَشْوَاهُ [q. v.] as said of a shooter or caster: (TA:) [and hence] the saying (S, TA) of the Hudhalee, (S, [accord. to the TA, Khálid Ibn-Zuheyr,]) 1 means [And, or for] verily of speech is that sentence ( كَلِمَة , a word understood,) which does not hit a place where a wound will not occasion death, [i. e. which does not miss its object, when its escaping from the upper surface of the tongue is quick,] but which kills. (S, TA.) And شَوًى is used [app. in like manner, as a quasi-inf. n.,] in the case of anything that has missed an object of aim, though there be to it [really] no place where a wound would occasion death nor anything that is [properly] termed شَوًى [as meaning a place where a wound will not occasion death]. (TA.) And [hence] it signifies A mistake; syn. خَطَأٌ . (TA.) فَإِنَّ مِنَ القَوْلِ الَّتِى لَا شَوَى لَهَا | إِذَا زَلَّ ظَهْرِ اللِّسَانِ ٱنْفِلَاتُهُ Also A thing, (S,) or an affair, (K,) that is paltry, mean, despicable, or of no account or weight or worth: (S, K, * TA:) in this sense, from the same word as signifying the “ extremities ” [of an animal]. (IAth, TA.) Hence, in a trad. of Mujáhid, كُلُّ مَا أَصَابَ الصَّائِمَ شَوًى إِلَّا الغَيْبَةَ [Everything that befalls the faster is a matter of no account, except absence of mind]; i. e. nothing that befalls the faster annuls his fast except الغيبة , for this does annul it. (TA.) And The worse, or viler, sort of cattle, (S, K, TA,) of camels, and of sheep or goats; and the small, or young, thereof. (TA.) [See also شُوَايَةٌ .] And A remainder, or remaining portion. (TA.) [See, again, شُوَايَةٌ .] Also i. q. إِبْقَآءٌ [The making, or causing, or suffering, to remain; or, perhaps, to continue in life, and if it mean thus, it may be from the same word in a sense expl. above, for the animal that one hits in a part that is not vital is suffered to continue in life]. (TA.)

Nounشُوَآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meatgenerated

See the entry that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows.

Nounشِوَآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meatgenerated

1a piece of roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat—شِوَآءَةٌ

Roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat. شُوَآءٌ means the same, but the present form is more usual and better.

A noun from شَوَى اللَّحْمَ.

This is its ism waḥda.

Show Lane's original text

Roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat; (S, * MA, Msb, K, * KL;) as also شُوَآءٌ ; (Ks, Sgh, K;) but the former is more usual and more chaste: (TA:) a subst. from شَوَى اللَّحْمَ : and شِوَآءَةٌ [as its n. un.] signifies a piece thereof. (S.)

Nounشَوِىٌّ3 senses

Core sense — roasted, broiled, or friedgenerated

1roasted, broiled, or fried—مَشْوِىٌّ

The headword has this meaning too; this second word is originally مَشْوُوىٌ.

[In the K the first is said to be like شِوَآءٌ, but it has the meaning of the second, that of an ism mafʿūl.]

See also شِيَةٌ.

Ks says that in the phrase عَيِىٌّ شَيِىٌّ, and likewise in عَيِىٌّ شَوِىٌّ, some hold the second word to be an imitative sequent to the first, that is, a corroborative: see art. عى.

Show Lane's original text

(K) and مَشْوِىٌّ (Msb) [Roasted, broiled, or fried], the latter originally مَشْوُوىٌ . (Msb.) [In the K the former is said to be like شِوَآءٌ ; but it has the signification of the latter, i. e., of a pass. part. n.] See also شِيَةٌ . Ks says, (S,) in the phrase عَيِىٌّ شَيِىٌّ , and so in عَيِىٌّ شَوِىٌّ , (S, K,) some say (S) the latter word is an imitative sequent to the former [i. e. a corroborative: see art. عى ]. (S, K.)

Nounشِوَآءَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a piece of roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meatgenerated

See شِوَآءٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see شِوَآءٌ .

Nounشَوِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a round cake of bread; a remaining portion of people or cattlegenerated

See the entry that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next paragraph.

Nounشَوَايَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a round cake of bread; a remaining portion of people or cattlegenerated

See the entry that follows.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next paragraph.

Nounشُوَايَةٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — what is cut off of flesh-meat; a round cake of bread; a remaining portiongenerated

What is cut off from, or of, flesh-meat; or what the slaughterer cuts off from the extremities of a sheep or goat.

1.1there remained nothing of the sheep, or goat, but a piece—مَا بَقِىَ مِنَ الشَّاةِ إِلَّا شُوَايَةٌ

A small thing, or portion, of what is large; as a piece, or detached portion, of a sheep or goat.

1.2

This word, and شِوَايَةٌ and شَوَايَةٌ, also mean a قُرْص, that is, a round cake, or small round cake, of bread.

1.3

And all three mean a remaining portion of people, or of cattle, that have perished; and so does شَوِيَّةٌ, or this last means a remaining portion of people that have perished.

Plural شَوَايَا. [See also شَوًى.]

1.4figurative · مجاز

And the bad, or vile, sort, or the worse, or viler, sort, of camels, and of sheep or goats.

In this sense ISd writes it with kesr and with fet-h. [See, again, شَوًى.]

1.5

[According to Freytag, شواية الرضف is explained by Meyd as meaning cooked milk cast upon a hot stone, so that only a small portion remains.]

Show Lane's original text

What is cut off from, or of, flesh-meat: (K, TA:) or what the slaughterer cuts off from, or of, the extremities of a sheep or goat. (TA.) A small thing [or portion] of that which is large; as a piece, or detached portion, of a sheep, or goat: one says, مَا بَقِىَ مِنَ الشَّاةِ إِلَّا شُوَايَةٌ [There remained not of the sheep, or goat, save a piece]. (S.) Also, (S, K,) and شِوَايَةٌ and شَوَايَةٌ , (K,) A قُرْص [or round cake, or small round cake,] of bread. (S, K.) And, all the three, A remaining portion of people, or of cattle, that have perished; as also شَوِيَّةٌ ; (K;) or this last, a remaining portion of people that have perished: (S:) pl. (of the last, S) شَوَايَا . (S, K.) [See also شَوًى .] And The bad, or vile, sort, (K, TA,) or worse, or viler, sort, (TA,) of camels, and of sheep, or goats: (K, TA:) in this sense written by ISd with kesr and with fet-h. (TA.) [See, again, شَوًى .] [And accord. to Freytag, شواية الرضف (i. e. شوايةُ الرَّضْفِ ) is expl. by Meyd as meaning Cooked milk cast upon a hot stone, so that only a small portion remains.]

Nounشِوَايَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — what is cut off of flesh-meat; a remaining portiongenerated

See the entry immediately before.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph.

Nounشَوَّآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who sells roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meatgenerated

A seller of roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat.

Show Lane's original text

A seller of roasted, broiled, or fried, flesh-meat. (KL.)

Nounشَيَّانُ2 senses

Core sense — dragon's blood; also, far-seeinggenerated

[Mentioned in this article as though originally شَوْيَانُ.] The same as دَمُ الأَخَوَيْنِ, the red, resinous, inspissated juice called dragon's blood: see art. دمو.

And far-seeing.

Show Lane's original text

[mentioned in this art. as though originally شَوْيَانُ ] i. q. دَمُ الأَخَوَيْنِ [The red, resinous, inspissated juice called dragon's blood: see art. دمو ]. (S. K.) And Far-seeing. (S, K.)

Nounشَاوِىٌّ2 senses

Core sense — one who owns sheep or goats; a palm-branch that has turned yellowgenerated

A possessor of شَآء, meaning sheep or goats or both.

[In the CK without teshdeed. Mentioned also in art. شوه, q. v.]

2figurative · مجاز — inferreda palm-branch that has become yellow in drying up—سَعَفَةٌ شَاوِيَّةٌ

With teshdeed to the ى; in the CK without teshdeed.

Show Lane's original text

A possessor of شَآء [meaning sheep or goats or both]. (S, K. [In the CK without teshdeed. Mentioned also in art. شوه , q. v.]) سَعَفَةٌ شَاوِيَّةٌ (with teshdeed to the ى , TA, [but in the CK without teshdeed,]) A palm-branch that has become yellow in drying up. (K. [See 4.])

Nounشَوْشَاةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a swift she-camelgenerated

In some copies of the K شَوْشَآءٌ, but it is like مَوْمَاةٌ.

A swift she-camel.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, K, [in some copies of the K شَوْشَآءٌ , but]) like مَوْمَاةٌ , (S,) A swift she-camel. (S, K.)

Nounأَشَاوَى1 sense

Core sense — possessors of sheep or goatsgenerated

A plural of a plural of شَىْءٌ, q. v.

Show Lane's original text

a pl. pl. of شَىْءٌ , q. v.

Nounمُشْوًى1 sense

Core sense — missed by the stone cast at itgenerated

Like مُهْدًى. (In the CK مَشْوِىّ, like مَهْدِىّ, wrongly, as is proved by a verse cited as an example; it is the ism mafʿūl of form 4.)

Applied to a portion of a living serpent: that has been missed by the stone [cast at it].

Show Lane's original text

, like مُهْدًى , (K, TA, [in the CK, مَشْوِىّ , like مَهْدِىّ , erroneously, as is proved by a verse cited as an ex. in the TA, pass. part. n. of 4,]) applied to a portion of a living serpent, (TA,) That has been missed by the stone [cast at it]. (K, TA.)

Nounمِشْوًى1 sense

Core sense — a frying-pangenerated

A frying-pan.

Show Lane's original text

(K in art. صول ) A frying-pan. (TK in that art.)

Nounمَشْوِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — roasted, broiled, or friedgenerated

See شَوِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text

: see شَوِىٌّ .

Nounمُشْتَوًى1 sense

Core sense — a place where flesh-meat is roasted, broiled, or friedgenerated

[A place of roasting, broiling, or frying, flesh-meat.]

Show Lane's original text

[A place of roasting, broiling, or frying, flesh-meat]. (S in art. طبخ .)