شهو

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · 14 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 13

Form 1شَهِيَهُ2 senses

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarشَهْوَةٌ

Core sense — he desired it; it was good, sweet, or pleasantgenerated

1.1

See form 8.

1.2it [food and the like] was good, sweet, or pleasant—شَهَا

it was good, sweet, or pleasant—شَهِىَ

on this sense From the MA. [But this, the only meaning given there for these two verbs, I do not find elsewhere.]

Show Lane's original text

: see 8. شَهَا , aor. شَهُوَ ; and شَهِىَ , aor. شَهَوَ ; inf. n. شَهْوَةٌ ; It [food &c.] was good, sweet, pleasant, or the like. (MA. [But this, the only meaning there assigned to these two verbs, I do not find elsewhere.])

Form 2شَهَّيْتُهُ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — I made him desire it, I stirred up his desire for itgenerated

2.1

[I made him desire, or long for, or eagerly desire, a thing.]

2.1.1it excited desire, longing, or eager desire—شهّى

[For example, in the article on سمق in the K, يُشَهِّى is said of the سُمَّاق, the berry of the sumach, meaning it excites appetite.]

2.1.2he, or it, made the thing to be desired, or longed for—شهّى الشَّىْءَ

Also: he made it good, sweet, or pleasant.

this is a thing that makes the food desired, or makes it sweet—هٰذَا شَىْءٌ يُشَهِّى الطَّعَامَ

Or: that stirs up desire, or eager desire, for the food.

2.1.3he said to him, I will give you what you desire, or long for—شهّاهُ

This is from an explanation of the maṣdar تَشْهِيَةٌ in the KL, and it only seems to have this meaning; Golius renders the verb alone in the same way, on the authority of that work.

Show Lane's original text

[I made him, or caused him, to desire, to long, or to desire eagerly]. (Msb.) [And شهّى It excited desire, longing, eager desire, or appetence. For ex., in art. سمق in the K, يُشَهِّى is said of the سُمَّاق , or berry of the sumach, meaning It excites appetence.] And شهّى الشَّىْءَ He, or it, caused the thing to be desired, longed for, or desired eagerly: made it to be good, sweet, pleasant, or the like. (MA.) One says, هٰذَا شَىْءٌ يُشَهِّى الطَّعَامَ i. e. [This is a thing that causes the food to be desired, &c.; that makes it sweet, &c.; or] that incites to desire, or eager desire, of the food. (S, TA.) [And accord. to an explanation of the inf. n., تَشْهِيَةٌ , in the KL, شهّاهُ seems to signify also He said to him, I will give to thee what thou desirest, longest for, or eagerly desirest; agreeably with a rendering of the verb alone, as on the authority of that work, by Golius.]

Form 3شاهاهُ3 senses · 2 main

maṣdarمُشَاهَاةٌ

Core sense — he became like him, he resembled him; he jested with himgenerated

3.1

He was, or became, like him; he resembled him..

3.2

Also: he jested, or joked, with him.

هَاشَاهُ means the same, according to the K in the article on هشو.

3.2.1

According to IAar, it is also used of the smiting action of the evil eye [perhaps meaning: he vied with him in smiting with the evil eye: see also form 4].

Show Lane's original text

, (K, TA,) inf. n. مُشَاهَاةٌ , (TA,) He was, or became, like him; he resembled him. (K, TA.) Also He jested, or joked, with him: (IAar, TA:) [and] so هَاشَاهُ . (K in art. هشو .) And accord. to IAar, it is also used in relation to the smiting action of the [evil] eye [perhaps meaning He vied with him in smiting with the evil eye: see also 4]. (TA.)

Form 4اشهاهُ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he gave him what he desired; he smote him with an evil eyegenerated

4.1

He gave him what he desired, or eagerly desired.

4.1.1

And: he smote him with an evil eye.

In this sense it is said to be formed by transposition from أَشَاهَهُ.

4.2she is desired, or eagerly desired [i.e. how great an object of desire is she to me!]—مَا أَشْهَاهَا إِلَىَّ

As though it were from شُهِىَ, though this was not said.

you are desiring, or eagerly desiring [i.e. how desirous am I of her!]—مَا أَشْهَانِى لَهَا

on this sense So says Sb.

Show Lane's original text

He gave him what he desired or eagerly desired. (K.) And He smote him with an [evil] eye: (K:) in this sense [said to be] formed by transposition from أَشَاهَهُ . (TA.) مَا أَشْهَاهَا إِلَىَّ means that she is desired, or eagerly desired, [i. e. How great an object of desire is she to me!] as though it were from شُهِىَ , though this was not said: and مَا أَشْهَانِى لَهَا means that thou art desiring, or eagerly desiring, [i. e. How desirous, or eagerly desirous, am I of her!] so says Sb. (TA.)

Form 5تشهّى2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he demanded a thing with repeated desiregenerated

5.1he demanded with repeated desire, of such a one, such a thing—تشهّى عَلَى فُلَانٍ كَذَا

He demanded with repeated desire.

5.1.1

Derived nouns 8

Nounشَهْوَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — desire, longing of the soul; appetite; carnal lustgenerated

1true desire—صَادِقَةٌ

Mentioned above as a maṣdar; a word of well-known meaning. Er-Rāghib: desire, or longing, or yearning, of the soul for a thing.

That is, for a thing gratifying to sense; or eager, or intense, desire, particularly for such a thing. It has a stronger meaning than إِرَادَةٌ, and the intelligent agree that it is not commendable. Being either lawful or unlawful, it may be rendered as above, or as appetite, appetence, lust, or carnal lust.

false desire—كَاذِبَةٌ

In the present state of existence it is of two sorts: the first is that without which the body becomes unsound, as the شَهْوَة for food when one is hungry; the second is that without which the body does not become unsound.

Er-Rāghib: sometimes it is applied to the object of desire, the thing desired. Agreeably with this last explanation, the first of the plurals given below is used in the Qur'ān 3:12. (Ksh)

Er-Rāghib: sometimes it is also applied to the faculty by which a thing is made an object of desire.

[Also, the gratification of sexual desire; so in the K in the article on شفر: see شَفِرَتْ and شَفِرَةٌ.]

The plural is شَهَوَاتٌ, أَشْهِيَةٌ, and شُهًى, the last mentioned by AHei, and a rare instance of a plural of the measure فُعَلٌ from a singular of the measure فَعْلَةٌ having a weak letter for its last radical, like جُهًى, plural of جَهْوَةٌ [and like قُرًى, plural of قَرْيَةٌ].

the two appetites, that of the stomach and that of the generative organ—الشَّهْوَتَانِ

the latent desire—الشَّهْوَةُ الخَفِيَّةُ

Mentioned in a tradition, and said to be any act of disobedience which one conceives in his mind and resolves upon; or one's seeing a beautiful young woman and lowering his eyes, then looking with his heart and picturing her to his mind, and so tempting himself. (JM.)

[شَهْوَةُ الطِّينِ, literally the longing for clay, is apparently used as a general term for malacia: see حُمَّاضٌ.]

Qur’ān 3:14 approximate — somewhere between 3:11 and 3:49 Lane cites “Kur iii. 12”

Qur’ān 3:14 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

زُيِّنَ لِلنَّاسِ حُبُّ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلْبَنِينَ وَٱلْقَنَـٰطِيرِ ٱلْمُقَنطَرَةِ مِنَ ٱلذَّهَبِ وَٱلْفِضَّةِ وَٱلْخَيْلِ ٱلْمُسَوَّمَةِ وَٱلْأَنْعَـٰمِ وَٱلْحَرْثِ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ مَتَـٰعُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَٱللَّهُ عِندَهُۥ حُسْنُ ٱلْمَـَٔابِ

Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: Women and sons; Heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; horses branded (for blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. Such are the possessions of this world's life; but in nearness to Allah is the best of the goals (To return to).Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences شَهْوَة 1 shown of 2

7:81

إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ ٱلرِّجَالَ شَهْوَةً مِّن دُونِ ٱلنِّسَآءِ ۚ بَلْ أَنتُمْ قَوْمٌ مُّسْرِفُونَ

"For ye practise your lusts on men in preference to women: ye are indeed a people transgressing beyond bounds."

Show Lane's original text

[mentioned above as an inf. n.] is a word of well-known meaning; (S;) Desire, or longing, or yearning, of the soul for a thing; (Er-Rághib, Msb, TA;) [meaning for a thing gratifying to sense: or eager, or intense, desire; particularly for such a thing; for] it has a more intensive signification than إِرَادَةٌ ; and the intelligent agree in opinion that it is not commendable: (M in art. فرس :) [being either lawful or unlawful, it may be rendered as above: or appetite: or appetence: or lust: or carnal lust:] in the present state of existence, it is of two sorts, صَادِقَةٌ [i. e. true], and كَاذِبَةٌ [i. e. false]; the former being that without which the body becomes in an unsound state, as the شَهْوَة [or desire &c.] for food on the occasion of hunger; and the latter being that without which the body does not become in an unsound state: and sometimes it is applied to the object of desire &c., or thing desired &c.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) and agreeably with this last explanation the first of the following pls. is used in the Kur iii. 12: (Ksh, Bd, Jel:) sometimes also it is applied to the faculty to which a thing is made an object of desire &c.: (Er-Rághib, TA:) [also, to the gratification of venereal lust; thus in the K in art. شفر ; see شَفِرَتْ and شَفِرَةٌ :] the pl. is شَهَوَاتٌ (Msb, TA) and أَشْهِيَةٌ and شُهًى ; the last mentioned by AHei, and a rare instance of a pl. of the measure فُعَلٌ from a sing. of the measure فَعْلَةٌ having an infirm letter for its last radical, like جُهًى pl. of جَهْوَةٌ [and like قُرًى pl. of قَرْيَةٌ ]. (TA.) [ الشَّهْوَتَانِ means The two appetites, that of the stomach and that of the generative organ.] الشَّهْوَةُ الخَفِيَّةُ [The latent desire &c.] mentioned in a trad. is said to be any act of disobedience which one conceives in his mind, and upon which he resolves: or one's seeing a beautiful young woman, and lowering his eyes, then looking with his heart, and imaging her to his mind, and so tempting himself. (JM.) [ شَهْوَةُ الطِّينِ , lit. The longing for clay, is app. used as a general term for malacia: see حُمَّاضٌ .]

Nounشَهْوَانُ1 sense

Core sense — desirous, longing; greedy, voraciousgenerated

1a man desirous of the thing—رَجُلٌ شَهْوَانُ لِلشَّىْءِ

This word, and شَهْوَانِىٌّ and شَهِىٌّ, applied to a man: desirous, or longing; or very desirous or longing; greedy, or voracious.

Feminine شَهْوَى; plural of the first شَهَاوَى, like سَكَارَى [plural of سَكْرَانُ]. See an example of the plural in a verse cited under جَرْدَبَانٌ.

Show Lane's original text

(S, Msb, K, TA) and شَهْوَانِىٌّ and شَهِىٌّ , (K, TA,) applied to a man, Desirous, or longing; (S, * Msb, * K, * TA;) or very desirous or longing; greedy; or voracious: (TA:) fem. (of the first, Msb) شَهْوَى : (Msb, K, TA:) pl. [of the first] شَهَاوَى , (K, TA,) like سَكَارَى [pl. of سَكْرَانُ ]. (TA.) [See an ex. of the pl. in a verse cited voce جَرْدَبَانٌ .] One says, رَجُلٌ شَهْوَانُ لِلشَّىْءِ [A man desirous &c. of the thing]. (S.)

Nounشَهْوَانِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — desirous, longing; greedygenerated

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph.

Nounشَهِىٌّ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — desired, longed for; pleasant, delicious, sweetgenerated

Same as مُشْتَهًى: desired, longed for, or eagerly desired; or pleasant, delicious, or sweet.

Applied to food and to water.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe Persian lute—أَبُو الشَّهِىِّ

That is, the بَرْبَط.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Golius adds, on the authority of a gloss in a copy of the KL, the water-melon (anguria).