سوغ

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · 12 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 3

Form 1سَاغَ7 senses · 2 main

maṣdarسَوْغٌmuḍāriʿيَسُوغُ

Core sense — it was easy and agreeable to swallow; it was allowablegenerated

1.1it was easy and agreeable to swallow; it passed the throat easily and pleasantly—ساغ فِى الحَلْقِ

maṣdar سَوْغٌ and سَوَاغٌ, or سُوَاغٌ according to different copies of the K, and سَوَغَانٌ (in the CK, but not in my MS. copy of the K), and مَسَاغٌ.

Said of beverage, or wine, or of food, or of each of these.

[See an example in a verse cited under حَمِيمٌ.]

Lane cites “Bd in xiv. 20” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredenter the land while you find a place of entrance—سُغْ فِى الأَرْضِ مَاوَجَدْتَ مَسَاغًا

1.1.2figurative · مجازthe doing of the thing was allowable, or passed for lawful—ساغ فِعْلُ الشَّىْءِ

what he did was allowable to him, or passed for lawful to him—ساغ لَهُ مَافَعَلَ

1.1.3figurative · مجازthe day was, or became, easy—ساغ النَّهَارُ

1.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferred[the ground sank with him; or sank with him and swallowed him up, or enclosed him]—ساغت بِهِ الأَرْضُ

. Same in meaning as سَاخَتْ.

1.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredthe she-camel became apart, or alone; or she ran, and went far away—ساغت النَّاقَةُ

Given as synonymous with شَذَّتْ in the first meaning, and with شَدَّتْ in the second (JK, and so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K).

1.2

See also form 4, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) or ساغ فِى الحَلْقِ , (JK,) aor. يَسُوغُ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. سَوْغٌ (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَوَاغٌ , or سُوَاغٌ , accord. to different copies of the K, (TA,) and سَوَغَانٌ , (CK, [not in my MS. copy of the K nor in the TA,]) and مَسَاغٌ , (MA,) It (beverage, or wine, JK, S, K, or food, Mgh, or each of these, TA) [was easy and agreeable to swallow;] was easy of entrance into the fauces; (S, Mgh, Msb, K; *) or passed the fauces easily and agreeably. (Bd in xiv. 20.) [See an ex. in a verse cited voce حَمِيمٌ .] [Hence,] one says, سُغْ فِى الأَرْضِ مَاوَجَدْتَ مَسَاغًا Enter thou into the land while thou findest a place of entrance. (TA.) And ساغ فِعْلُ الشَّىْءِ The doing of the thing was allowable; or passed for lawful. (Msb.) And ساغ لَهُ مَافَعَلَ What he did was allowable to him; or passed for lawful to him. (S, K, TA.) And ساغ النَّهَارُ The day was, or became, easy. (TA.) ساغت بِهِ الأَرْضُ , (K,) inf. n. سَوْغٌ , (TA,) i. q. سَاخَتْ [The ground, or earth, sank with him; or sank with him and swallowed him up, or enclosed him]. (AA, K, TA.) And ساغت النَّاقَةُ The she-camel became apart, or alone, syn. شَذَّتْ , (K, TA,) or ran, syn. شَدَّتْ , (JK, and so in the CK and in my MS. copy of the K,) and went far away. (JK, TA.) See also 4, in two places.

Form 2سَوَّغَ5 senses · 1 main

maṣdarتَسْوِيغٌ

Core sense — he made it easy or agreeable to swallow; he made it allowable to himgenerated

2.1

[سوّغهُ seems, in its primary sense, to be synonymous with أَسَاغَهُ, and hence what follows here.]

2.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe made pleasant, or agreeable, to him what he attained—سوّغهُ مَا أَصَابَ

Or, as some say, he left clear to him what he had attained.

2.1.2figurative · مجازhe made it allowable, lawful, or free to him—سوّغهُ

Maṣdar as above; construed with لَهُ for the person.

[he made property allowable, and the like, to him]—سوّغهُ مَالًا

So in the Mufradāt.

2.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe gave him such a thing—سوّغ لَهُ كَذَا

2.1.4

[See also تَسْوِيغَات below.]

Show Lane's original text

[ سوّغهُ is app., in its primary sense, syn. with أَسَاغَهُ : and hence what here follows.] You say, سوّغهُ مَا أَصَابَ , (JK, TA,) inf. n. تَسْوِيغٌ , (JK,) He made pleasant, or agreeable, to him what he attained: or, as some say, he left clear to him what he had attained. (TA.) And سوّغهُ , (inf. n. as above, K,) He made it allowable, lawful, or free, (S, Msb, K,) لَهُ to him. (S.) And سوّغهُ مَالًا [He made property allowable, &c., to him]: so in the “ Mufradát. ” (TA.) And سوّغ لَهُ كَذَا He gave him such a thing. (IDrd, K.) [See also تَسْوِيغَات , below.]

Form 4اساغهُ5 senses · 2 main

maṣdarإِسَاغَةٌ سَوْغٌmuḍāriʿأَسُوغُهُ

Core sense — he made it easy and agreeable to swallow; I swallowed itgenerated

4.1

Maṣdar إِسَاغَةٌ or إِسَاغٌ.

Said of God, or of a man: he made it easy and agreeable to swallow, easy of entrance into the throat; namely, beverage and the like (see sense 1, first part). سَاغَهُ means the same.

4.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[make easy for me to swallow the thing that is choking me; or let me swallow it]—أَسِغْ لِى غُصَّتِى

Meaning: grant me some delay, or respite; act gently, and without haste, towards me; do not hurry me.

4.1.2I swallowed it; I received it into my throat easily and pleasantly—أَسَغْتُهُ

Maṣdar as above. Said of beverage, or wine, or food, or each of these.

سُغْتُهُ and سِغْتُهُ, muḍāriʿ أَسُوغُهُ and أَسِيغُهُ, maṣdars سَوْغٌ and سَيْغٌ, mean the same.

Lane cites “Jel in xiv. 20” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Lane cites “Bd in xiv. 20” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

4.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredsuch a one completed his affair by means of such a one—اساغ فُلَانٌ بِفُلَانٍ

Ibn-Buzurj: and he accomplished the object of his want by means of him. [In the CK, ثُمَّ امَرَهُ بِه is put by mistake for تَمَّ أَمْرَهُ بِهِ.]

The case is that of someone wanting a certain number of men or of pieces of money, one of which is still lacking to complete the matter; when he obtains it, one says اساغ بِهِ. (Ibn-Buzurj)

4.2he (a man) was born with his brother; or he was born immediately after his brother—أَسْوَغَ أَخَاهُ

(Ibn-'Abbād) [See what follows next.]

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4

14:17

يَتَجَرَّعُهُۥ وَلَا يَكَادُ يُسِيغُهُۥ وَيَأْتِيهِ ٱلْمَوْتُ مِن كُلِّ مَكَانٍ وَمَا هُوَ بِمَيِّتٍ ۖ وَمِن وَرَآئِهِۦ عَذَابٌ غَلِيظٌ

In gulps will he sip it, but never will he be near swallowing it down his throat: death will come to him from every quarter, yet will he not die: and in front of him will be a chastisement unrelenting.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, (JK, Msb,) inf. n. إِسَاغَةٌ , (JK,) or إِسَاغٌ , (Msb,) said of God, (JK,) or of a man, (Msb,) [He made it easy and agreeable to swallow;] he made it easy of entrance into the fauces; (Msb;) [or made it to pass the fauces easily and agreeably;] namely, beverage [&c.: see 1, first sentence]; (JK;) as also سَاغَهُ . (Msb.) [Hence,] أَسِغْ لِى غُصَّتِى [Make thou easy to me to swallow the thing that is choking me; or let me swallow it;] meaning grant thou to me some delay, or respite; or act gently, or in a leisurely manner, towards me, or with me; (S, K;) and do not hurry me. (S.) And أَسَغْتُهُ , (S, Mgh, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb, TA,) I swallowed it: (Msb, and Jel in xiv. 20:) or I received it into my fauces easily (S, Mgh, and Bd in xiv. 20) and agreeably; (Bd ibid.;) namely, beverage, or wine, (S, K,) or food, (Mgh,) or each of these; (TA;) and سُغْتُهُ and سِغْتُهُ , aor. أَسُوغُهُ and أَسِيغُهُ , (S, K,) inf. n. سَوْغٌ and سَيْغٌ , (TA in art. سيغ ,) signify the same. (S, K.) اساغ فُلَانٌ بِفُلَانٍ means Such a one completed his affair by means of such a one, (Ibn-Buzurj, K, TA, [in the CK, ثُمَّ امَرَهُ بِه is erroneously put for تَمَّ أَمْرَهُ بِهِ ,]) and accomplished the object of his want by means of him: (Ibn-Buzurj, TA:) the case is that of one's desiring a certain number of men or of pieces of money of which one remains to complete the affair: when he obtains it, one says, اساغ بِهِ . (Ibn-Buzurj, K.) أَسْوَغَ أَخَاهُ He (a man, Lh) was born with his brother: (Lh, K:) or he was born [next, or immediately,] after his brother. (Ibn-'Abbád, K.) [See what next follows.]

Derived nouns 9

Nounهٰذَا سَوْغُ هٰذَا1 sense

Core sense — one born next after anothergenerated

1figurative · مجازthis is he who was born next after this—سَيْغُهُ

سَوْغَتُهُ means the same; the Mufradāt has: immediately after this.

[she is his sister that was born next after him]—هِىَ أُخْتُهُ سَوْغُهُ

The like is said of the female; سَوْغَتُهُ is used in the same way.

[he is his brother that was born next after him]—هُوَ أَخُوهُ سَوْغُهُ

سَوْغَتُهُ is used in the same way.

Or سَوْغُ الرَّجُلِ means one who was born after the man, or soon after him, though not his brother.

Fr heard a man of Benoo-Temeem say سَوْغُهُ, and another of the same tribe say سَوْغَتُهُ, meaning he who followed him.

[The plural of سَوْغٌ is أَسْوَاغٌ, and it is said that] أَسْوَاغُ الرَّجُلِ means those who were born with the man at one birth, after him, no other birth having occurred between him and them; or those born next after him. أَصْوَاغ is a variant dialect form.

But IF says that هٰذَا سَوْغُ هٰذَا means this is of the cast, mould, form, or fashion of this, and that the س may be a substitute for ص, as though the one were moulded, or fashioned, like the other.

In the same way one says هٰذَا سَيْغُ هٰذَا, this is proportionate to this, or of the proportion of this.

Show Lane's original text

and سَيْغُهُ (S, K) and سَوْغَتُهُ (K) mean This is he who was born next after this, (S, K, TA,) or, as in the “ Mufradát, ” immediately after this; (TA;) and the like is also said of the female: (K:) one says, هِىَ أُخْتُهُ سَوْغُهُ and سَوْغَتُهُ [She is his sister that was born &c.], (S, TA,) as well as هُوَ أَخُوهُ سَوْغُهُ and سَوْغَتُهُ [He is his brother that was born &c.]: or سَوْغُ الرَّجُلِ means he who was born after the man, or near after him, though not his brother: and Fr heard a man of Benoo-Temeem say سَوْغُهُ , and another of the same tribe say سَوْغَتُهُ , meaning he who followed him: (TA:) [the pl. of سَوْغٌ is أَسْوَاغٌ ; and it is said that] أَسْوَاغُ الرَّجُلِ means those who were born with the man in one case of childbirth, after him, no other childbirth having occurred between him and them: (TA:) or those born next after him: (JK:) and أَصْوَاغ is a dial. var. thereof: but IF says that هٰذَا سَوْغُ هٰذَا means This is of the cast, mould, form, or fashion, of this; and that the س may be a substitute for ص ; as though the one were cast, moulded, formed, or fashioned, like the other: (TA:) and [in like manner] one says, هٰذَا سَيْغُ هٰذَا this is proportionate to this, or of the proportion of this. (TA in art. سيغ .)

Nounسَوْغَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a brother or sister born next after onegenerated

See the preceding entry, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph in four places.

Nounسِوَاغٌ1 sense

Core sense — a thing that makes what is choking one go down easilygenerated

1[water is what makes the things that choke a person pass easily down the throat]—المَآءُ سِوَاغُ الغُصَصِ

A thing by which one makes what is choking him pass easily into the throat and down the throat.

Show Lane's original text

A thing whereby one makes to enter easily into his fauces [and to pass down his throat] that which is choking him. (S, Msb, K.) One says, المَآءُ سِوَاغُ الغُصَصِ [Water is that whereby one makes easy of entrance into the fauces and of passage down the throat the things that are choking him]. (S.)

Nounسَائِغٌ1 sense

Core sense — going down the throat easily and pleasantly; not chokinggenerated

1easy and agreeable to swallow; not choking—أَسْوَغُ

easy and agreeable to swallow, said of food and the like—سَيِّغٌ

Applied to beverage, or wine, and food: going down the throat easily and pleasantly; not choking.

[مُسْتَسَاغٌ, according to Freytag, as from the K, in which I do not find it.]

Lane cites “Jel in xvi. 68” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Lane cites “Bd in xxxv. 13” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Lane cites “Jel in xvi. 68” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

Show Lane's original text

, applied to beverage, or wine, (JK, K, TA,) and food, (TA,) Descending easily [and agreeably] down the throat; (JK, Msb, K, TA, and Bd and Jel in xvi. 68 and Bd in xxxv. 13;) [or easy and agreeable to swallow;] not choking; (Jel in xvi. 68;) and أَسْوَغُ signifies the same; (IDrd, K, TA;) and so سَيِّغٌ , applied to food [&c.]; (TA;) [and مُسْتَسَاغٌ , accord. to Freytag, as from the K, in which I do not find it.]

Nounسَيِّغٌ1 sense

Core sense — easy and agreeable to swallowgenerated

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph.

Nounأَسْوَغُ1 sense

Core sense — born next after anothergenerated

See سَائِغٌ. [Freytag assigns another meaning to it as well, which does not belong to it but to سَوْغ.]

Show Lane's original text

: see سَائِغٌ . [Freytag assigns to it also another signification, which belongs not to it, but to سَوْغ .]

Nounتَسْوِيغَاتُ السَّلَاطِينِ1 sense

maṣdarتَسْوِيغٌ

Core sense — permissions granted by rulers to take what is one's duegenerated

1the permission [of the Sultan] to take what is one's right on a particular account, made easy for the taker—تَسْوِيغٌ

A post-classical term, from سَوَّغْتُهُ لَهُ, meaning “I made it allowable, lawful, or free, to him.”

The word explained is the singular of تسويغات.

Show Lane's original text

is a post-classical term, (O, K,) from سَوَّغْتُهُ لَهُ , inf. n. تَسْوِيغٌ , meaning “ I made it allowable, lawful, or free, to him: ” (O:) and what is meant by [the sing. of تسويغات i. e.] تَسْوِيغٌ is The permission [of the Sultán] for the taking of that which is one's right, or due, on a particular account, with facilitation thereof to the taker. (MF.)

Nounمَسَاغٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a place of easy entrance or passagegenerated

A place where beverage, or food, passes easily into the throat.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence, a place of entrance into a land and the like, as in the saying cited in sense 1.2 of the verb.

1.2figurative · مجازas for this, I find no passage, or way of entrance, to it—هٰذَا لَا أَجِدُ لَهُ مَسَاغًا

Show Lane's original text

[A place of easy entrance or passage for beverage, or food, into the fauces or throat. And hence,] A place of entrance into a land [&c.]; as in a saying cited in the first paragraph of this art., q. v. (TA.) And [hence] one says, هٰذَا لَا أَجِدُ لَهُ مَسَاغًا This, I do not find to it a passage, or an [easy] entrance; or a way, or place, of entrance. (TA.)

Nounمُسْتَسَاغٌ1 sense

Core sense — found easy and agreeable to swallowgenerated

See سَائِغٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see سَائِغٌ .