← All rootsReader's Key

سفر

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 7 · Form 9 · Form 10  ·  27 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 12

Form 1سَفَرَ11 senses · 4 main
muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُ·ـُيَفْعُلُmaṣdarسَفْرٌ سُفُورٌ سِفَارَةٌ إِسْفَارٌ

Core sense — he swept it; she uncovered her face; he went forth to journeygenerated

1.1

He swept a house, or chamber, and the like..

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe wind swept away the dust—سَفَرَتِ الرِّيحُ التُّرَابَ
the wind swept away the leaves—الوَرَقَ
the wind dispersed the clouds—سَفَرَت ِ الرِّيحُ الغَيْمَ
she removed her veil from her face—سَفَرَتْ

He, or it, swept away, or carried off in every direction: dispersed: and removed, took off, or stripped off, a thing from a thing which it covered.

Or: the wind took them away, or carried them off, in every direction.

Or: the wind removed the clouds from the face of the sky.

Said of a woman; her veil is عَنْ وَجْهِهَا.. With a word left out, it also means she uncovered her face.

I uncovered the thing; I made it apparent—سَفَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ

Here it stands for سفرت عَنِ الشَّىْءِ (or perhaps سُفُورٌ).

According to Mtr, the phrase تَسْفِرُ وَجْهَهَا, meaning she uncovers her face, is of weak authority.

1.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredI made peace between the people; I settled a difference between them—سَفَرْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ

From سَفَرَتْ, meaning she uncovered her face. Muḍāriʿ سَفِرَ and سَفُرَ; maṣdar سِفَارَةٌ, سَفَارَةٌ, and سَفْرٌ.

So called because the one who does this exposes what is in the mind of each party: or the meaning is, I exposed what was in the mind of each of the two in order to make peace between the people.

[See also سِفَارَةٌ below.]

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe sun rose—سَفَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ

[And likewise, perhaps, from سَفَرَتْ, meaning she uncovered her face.]

.

1.1.4

See also form 4, in two places.

1.1.5he went forth to journey—سَفَرَ

Muḍāriʿ سَفِرَ or سَفُرَ; maṣdar سُفُورٌ or سَفَرٌ. The first of these maṣdars perhaps points to a root relation to سَفَرَتْ, said of a woman and of the sun, explained above.

In this sense the verb is obsolete, and it appears to have been unknown, or not acknowledged, by the authors of the M and the K; but its maṣdar سَفَرٌ is used as a simple noun. See form 3, the verb commonly used in this sense.

1.1.6figurative · مجازhis fat went away—سَفَرَ شَحْمُهُ

Apparently from the sense above.

1.1.7figurative · مجازthe war declined—سَفَرَتِ الحَرْبُ

Synonym: وَلَّت.

1.2he wrote the book, or writing—سَفَرَ الكِتَابَ

.

See سِفْرٌ.

1.3he put the nose-band on the nose of the camel—سَفَرَ البَعِيرَ

Also سَفَرَهُ بِالسِّفَارِ; also اسفرهُ; and سفّرهُ, maṣdar تَسْفِيرٌ.

The nose-band is the سِفَار [q. v.].

1.4he sold the best of the sheep, or goats—سَفَرَ اِلغَنَمَ
Show Lane's original text
, (S, M, A, K,) aor. سَفِرَ , inf. n. سَفْرٌ , (M, K,) He swept a house, or chamber, (S, M, A, K,) &c. (M.) And He, or it, [swept away; or took away, or carried off, in every direction: and] dispersed: (M, K:) and removed, took off, or stripped off, a thing from a thing which it covered. (M * A, * K.) You say, سَفَرَتِ الرِّيحُ التُّرَابَ , and الوَرَقَ , The wind swept away the dust, and the leaves: or too them away, or carried them off, in every direction. (M.) And سَفَرَت ِ الرِّيحُ الغَيْمَ The wind dispersed the clouds: (M, TA:) or removed the clouds from the face of the sky. (A, * TA.) And you say of a woman, سَفَرَتْ , (S, M, A, Mgh, K,) aor. سَفِرَ , (M,) inf. n. سُفُورٌ , (M, Mgh,) meaning She removed her veil (M, A, Mgh) عَنْ وَجْهِهَا from her face: (A, M:) and [elliptically] (M) she uncovered her face: (S, M, K:) [for] سَفَرْتُ الشَّىْءَ , [being for سفرت عَنِ الشَّىْءِ ,] aor. سَفِرَ , inf. n. سَفْرٌ [or سُفُورٌ ?], signifies I uncovered the thing; made it apparent, or manifest: (Mgh:) [but accord. to Mtr,] the phrase تَسْفِرُ وَجْهَهَا [meaning she uncovers her face] is of weak authority. (Mgh.) Hence, i. e. from سَفَرَتْ meaning “ she uncovered her face, ” (M,) سَفَرْتُ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ , (S, M, Mgh, * Msb, K,) aor. سَفِرَ (S, Msb, K) and سَفُرَ , (K,) inf. n. سِفَارَةٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and سَفَارَةٌ and سَفْرٌ , (K,) I made peace, effected a reconciliation, or adjusted a difference, between the people; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) because he who does so exposes what is in the mind of each party: (TA:) or I exposed what was in the mind of this and the mind of this in order to make peace, &c., between the people. (M.) [See also سِفَارَةٌ , below.] [And likewise, perhaps, from سَفَرَتْ meaning “ she uncovered her face, ”] سَفَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ , aor. سَفِرَ , inf. n. سَفْرٌ , The sun rose. (Msb.) See also 4, in two places. سَفَرَ , (S,) Msb,) aor. سَفِرَ , (S,) or سَفُرَ , (Msb,) inf. n. سُفُورٌ , (S,) or سَفَرٌ , (Msb,) [the former of which inf. ns. perhaps indicates a radical relation to سَفَرَتْ said of a woman, and of the sun, expl. above,] He went forth to journey: (S, Msb:) this verb, however, in this sense, [which appears to have been unknown, or not acknowledged, by the authors of the M and K, (see مُسَافِرٌ ,)] is obsolete; but its inf. n. سَفَرٌ is used as a simple subst. (Msb. [See 3, the verb commonly used in this sense.]) [Hence, app,] سَفَرَ شَحْمُهُ His fat went away. (A, TA.) and سَفَرَتِ الحَرْبُ The war declined; syn. وَلَّت . (A, K.) سَفَرَ الكِتَابَ , (S, A,) aor. سَفِرَ , inf. n. سَفْرٌ , (S,) He wrote the book, or writing. (A. [See سِفْرٌ .]) سَفَرَ البَعِيرَ , (S, K,) or سَفَرَهُ بِالسِّفَارِ , (M,) aor. سَفِرَ , (M, K,) inf. n. سَفْرٌ ; (M;) and اسفرهُ , (AZ, M, K,) inf. n. إِسْفَارٌ ; (TA;) and سفّرهُ , (Kr, M, K,) inf. n. تَسْفِيرٌ ; (TA;) He put the سِفَار [q. v.] upon the nose of the camel. (S, M, K.) سَفَرَ اِلغَنَمَ He sold the best of the sheep, or goats. (K.)
Form 2سفّرهُ4 senses · 2 main
maṣdarتَسْفِيرٌ تَسْفِيرُ

Core sense — he sent him on a journey; he made the fire blazegenerated

2.1

He sent him to go a journey..

2.1.1he pastured the camels between sunset and nightfall—سفّر الإِبِلَ

Also in the سَفِير, that is, the whiteness [of the sky] before night. Maṣdar as above.

Or: he fed the camels with سَفِير [q. v.].

he fed his horse—سفّر فَرَسَهُ

What he fed it with is سَفِير. Or: he kept it continually going, and trained it, so that it might become strong for journeying.

2.1.2he made the fire flame, or blaze; he kindled it—سفّر النَّارَ

Maṣdar as above. Or: he made it burn, burn up, or burn brightly and fiercely.

2.2

See also form 1, next to the last sense.

Show Lane's original text
, inf. n. تَسْفِيرٌ , He sent him to go a journey. (K, TA.) سفّر الإِبِلَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He pastured the camels between sunset and nightfall, and in the سَفِير , (K, TA,) i. e., the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (TA:) or he fed the camels with سَفِير [q. v.]: (so in the O:) and سفّر فَرَسَهُ , inf. n. تَسْفِيرُ , He fed his horse with سَفِير : or he kept him continually going, and trained him, in order that he might become strong to journey. (JM.) سفّر النَّارَ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) He made the fire to flame, or blaze; (K, TA;) kindled it; or made it to burn, burn up, or burn brightly or fiercely, (TA.) See also 1, last sentence but one.
Form 3سَاْفَرَ5 senses · 2 main
maṣdarمُسَافَرَةٌ

Core sense — he journeyed, he travelled; he diedgenerated

3.1the winds vie with one another in sweeping the ground, effacing one another's traces—الرِّيَاحُ يُسَافِرُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا

سافر is both transitive and intransitive.

The east wind removes and disperses the lengthwise traces made by the west wind, and the south wind makes traces across them.

3.2he journeyed, or went forth to journey—سافر

Maṣdar مُسَافَرَةٌ and سِفَارٌ.

to such a country, or town—إِلَى بَلَدِ كَذَا
he journeyed, or went, a far journey—سَافَرَ سَفَرًا بَعِيدًا

on this sense See also form 1.

3.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence: he died.

3.2.2figurative · مجازthe sun declined from the middle of the sky—سَافَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ كَبِدِ السَّمَآءِ
3.2.3figurative · مجازthe fever left him—سَافَرَتْ عَنْهُ الحُمَّى
Show Lane's original text
[ سافر is trans. and intrans.] You say, الرِّيَاحُ يُسَافِرُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا [The winds vie, one with another, in sweeping the ground, effacing one another's traces]: for the east wind removes and disperses the longitudinal traces made by the west wind, and the south wind makes traces across them. (S, * K, * TA.) And سافر , inf. n. مُسَافَرَةٌ (S, Msb, K) and سِفَارٌ , (S, K,) He journeyed, or went, (K,) or went forth to journey, (S, Msb,) إِلَى بَلَدِ كَذَا [to such a country, or town]. (S, K.) And سَافَرَ سَفَرًا بَعِيدًا [He journeyed, or went, a far journey]. (A, Mgh.) [See also 1.] [Hence,] He died. (K.) And سَافَرَتِ الشَّمْسُ عَنْ كَبِدِ السَّمَآءِ [The sun declined from the middle of the sky]. (A.) And سَافَرَتْ عَنْهُ الحُمَّى [The fever departed from him]. (A.)
Form 4اسفرت الشَّجَرَةُ7 senses · 2 main
maṣdarإِسْفَارٌ سَفْرٌ

Core sense — it shone, it became bright; he entered upon the time of daybreakgenerated

4.1

The tree had its leaves blown off, and swept away, by the wind, after they had changed colour and turned white.

4.1.1it shone, so that there was no doubt about it—اسفر

Said of the dawn, or daybreak.

it shone in colour—سَفَرَ

. This verb has a special relation to colour.

4.1.2

It (the moon) caused a shining in the sky before its rising.

4.1.3figurative · مجازhis face shone with beauty—اسفر حُسْنًا

Said of a man's face: it shone with happiness, or with beauty.

his face became overspread with beauty—سَفَرَ
4.1.4perform the dawn prayer when you enter upon the time in which the dawn shines, or becomes white—أَسْفِرُوا بِالفَجْرِ

And: he entered upon the time of dawn, or daybreak, the time when the dawn became white.

A saying of the Prophet.

Or: when the dawn has become clear, so that there is no doubt about it, everyone knowing it to be the true dawn when he sees it; so according to Esh-Sháfiʿee, Ibn-Hambal, and others.

Or: prolong the dawn prayer until you enter upon the time when the dawn becomes white. Some say it relates especially to nights in which the moon shines, because in these the beginning of daybreak is not clear.

Or أَسْفَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ means he prayed in the shining of the dawn, the ب being there to make the verb transitive.

4.1.5figurative · مجازthe war became violent—اسفرت الحَرْبُ
4.2

See also form 1, next to the last sense.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
74:34
وَٱلصُّبْحِ إِذَآ أَسْفَرَ

And by the Dawn as it shineth forth,-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
The tree had its leaves blown off [and swept away] by the wind; (K, * TA;) they having become changed in colour, and white. (TA.) And اسفر , (inf. n. إِسْفَارٌ , Mgh, Msb,) It (the dawn, or daybreak,) shone, (T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K,) so that there was no doubt respecting it; (T, TA;) as also سَفَرَ , (M, K,) aor. سَفِرَ , (K,) inf. n. سَفْرٌ : (TA:) it has a special relation to colour; meaning it shone in colour. (B, TA.) It (the moon) caused a shining [in the sky] before its rising. (M.) It (a man's face) shone (S, M) [with happiness (see مُسْفِرٌ )]; or with beauty; for you say, اسفر حُسْنًا ; (S;) as also سَفَرَ : (M:) or became overspread with beauty. (Msb.) And He entered upon the time of dawn, or daybreak; (M;) or the time when the dawn became white. (K.) The Prophet said, أَسْفِرُوا بِالفَجْرِ , meaning Perform ye the prayer of daybreak when ye enter upon the time in which the dawn shines, or becomes white: (S, * Msb:) or when the dawn has become manifest, so that there is no doubt respecting it, every one knowing it to be the true dawn when he sees it; accord. to EshSháfi'ee and Ibn-Hambal and others: (T, TA:) or prolong ye the prayer of daybreak until ye enter upon the time when the dawn becomes white: (S, TA:) some say that it relates especially to nights in [the end of] which the moon shines, because in such the commencement of daybreak is not manifest: (TA:) or أَسْفَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ means he performed prayer in the shining of the dawn: and the ب is for the purpose of making the verb transitive. (Mgh.) اسفرت الحَرْبُ The war became vehement. (A, K.) See also 1, last sentence but one.
Form 5تسفّر6 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he came in the whiteness of day; he sought the brightest women for marriagegenerated

5.1he came in the time of the whiteness of day—أَتَى بِسَفَرٍ

Either before sunrise or after sunset.

5.1.1the camels pastured between sunset and nightfall—تسفّرت الإِبِلُ

And in the سَفِير, that is, the whiteness [of the sky] before night. But see form 2, second sense.

5.2he sought the brightest of the women in face and in beauty for marriage—تسفّر النِسَآءَ

Also عَنْ وُجُوهِهِنَّ; the same as اِسْتَسْفَرَهُنَّ.

5.2.1figurative · مجازhe obtained something of the object of his want before it became beyond his reach—تسفّر شَيْئاً مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ
5.2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe sought to obtain from such a one half of a claim that he had upon him—تسفّر فُلَانًا

The word for half is النِّصْفَ; the CK has النَّصَفَ, by which, if that is correct, may perhaps be meant what was equitable, and النِّصْفَ may bear the same meaning. The word for claim is تَبِعَة.

5.3the skin received, or had, a mark, or an impression—تسفّر الجِلْدُ

From سَفْرٌ, meaning أَثَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
means أَتَى بِسَفَرٍ , (O, K,) i. e. He came in [the time of] the whiteness of day [either before sunrise or after sunset]. (TA.) And تسفّرت الإِبِلُ The camels pastured between sunset and nightfall, (O, K,) and in the سَفِير , (K, TA,) i. e. the whiteness [of the sky] before night. (TA. [But see 2, second sentence.]) تسفّر النِسَآءَ (O, K, TA) عَنْ وُجُوهِهِنَّ (O, TA) i. q. اِسْتَسْفَرَهُنَّ , (O, K, TA,) i. e. He sought the brightest of the women in face and in beauty (TA, TK *) for marriage. (TK.) And تسفّر شَيْئاً مِنْ حَاجَتِهِ He attained, or obtained, somewhat of the object of his want (O, K, TA) before its becoming beyond his reach. (TA.) And تسفّر فُلَانًا He sought to obtain of such a one the half ( النِّصْفَ , O, K, TA [in the CK. النَّصَفَ , by which, if it be correct, may perhaps be meant what was equitable, and النِّصْفَ may bear the same interpretation,]) of a claim ( تَبِعَة ) that he had upon him. (O, K, TA.) تسفّر الجِلْدُ The skin received, or had, a mark, or an impression: (O, K:) from سَفْرٌ meaning أَثَرٌ . (TA.)
Form 7انسفر الغَيْمُ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the clouds became dispersed; it became bare, or uncoveredgenerated

7.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

The clouds became dispersed: or became removed from the face of the sky.

7.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe fore part of his head became bare of hair—انسفر مُقَدَّمُ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ
7.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe camels went away into the country, or land—انسفرت الإبِلُ فِى الأَرْضِ
Show Lane's original text
The clouds became dispersed: (M, TA:) [or] became removed from the face of the sky. (TA.) انسفر مُقَدَّمُ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ The fore part of his head became divested of the hair. (S, K. *) انسفرت الإبِلُ فِى الأَرْضِ The camels went away into the country, or land. (M, K. *)
Form 9إِسْفَرَّ1 sense
maṣdarاِسْفِرَارٌ

Core sense — the sun became white before settinggenerated

9.1the sun became white, before setting—اِسْفَرِّتِ الشَّمْسُ

This appears to be the meaning.

See سَفَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[ اِسْفَرِّتِ الشَّمْسُ , inf. n. اِسْفِرَارٌ , app. means The sun became white, previously to setting.] See سَفَرٌ .
Form 10استسفر الِنّسَآءَ2 senses

Core sense — he sought the brightest of women for marriage; he sent him as a messengergenerated

10.1

See form 5.

10.2he sent him as a messenger—استسفرهُ

That is, as a سَفِير [q. v.].

Show Lane's original text
: see 5. استسفرهُ He sent him as a سَفِير [q. v.]. (JM.)

Derived nouns 19

Nounسَفْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — a mark, an impression, or a trace that remainsgenerated

1

See مُسَافِرٌ, in two places.

2a mark, an impression, or a trace that remains—أَثَرٌ

Plural سُفُورٌ.

According to Freytag it occurs in the Deewán El-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning the track, or trace, of a surge, or torrent.

Show Lane's original text
: see مُسَافِرٌ , in two places. Also A mark, an impression, a trace, or a vestige, ( أَثَرٌ , K, TA,) remaining: (TA:) pl. سُفُورٌ . (K.) [Accord. to Freytag, it occurs in the Deewán El-Hudhaleeyeen as meaning The track, or trace, of a surge, or torrent.]
Nounسِفْرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a book, or writing; a section of the Law revealed to Mosesgenerated

1

A book, or writing: or a great, or large, book: or a section of the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: or a book that discovers, or reveals, truths — a book being so called because it discovers things and makes them clear. Plural أَسْفَارٌ.

1.1

On the saying of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee:

shāhid
زلِلَيْلَى بِذَاتِ البَيْنِ دَارٌعَرَفْتُهَاوَأُخْرَى بِذَاتِ الجَيْشِ آيَاتُهَاسِفْرُ

Skr says the poet means that its marks, or traces, had become effaced, so that the verse may be rendered: To Leylà there was in Dhát-el-Beyn an abode that I knew, and another in Dhát-el-Jeysh whose marks, or traces, are effaced.

IJ says the last word should come from the phrase سَفَرْتُ البَيْتَ, that is, I swept the house, or chamber; as though the writing had been swept off the طِرْس — the written paper or the like, to which the poet seems to compare the site of the abode in Dhát-el-Jeysh. He apparently holds the meaning to be that its marks are like those of an ancient book, such as a portion of the Mosaic Law.

Show Lane's original text
A book, or writing: (S, M:) or a great, or large, book: or a section of the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (M, K:) or a book that discovers, or reveals, truths: (TA:) or a book is thus called because it discovers things, and makes them evident: (M:) pl. أَسْفَارٌ . (S, M.) With respect to the saying of Aboo-Sakhr El-Hudhalee, 1 Skr says, [the poet means,] the marks, or traces, thereof had become effaced: [accordingly, the verse may be rendered, To Leylà there was in Dhát-el-Beyn an abode that I knew, and another in Dhát-el-Jeysh whereof the marks, or traces, are effaced:] IJ says, [app. holding the meaning to be, the marks, or traces, whereof are (like those of) an ancient book, such as a portion of the Mosaic Law,] the last word should be from the phrase سَفَرْتُ البَيْتَ , i. e. “ I swept the house, or chamber; ” as though the writing were swept off from the طِرْس [or “ written paper ” or the like, to which the poet seems to compare the site of the abode in Dhát-el-Jeysh]. (M, TA.) زلِلَيْلَى بِذَاتِ البَيْنِ دَارٌعَرَفْتُهَا | وَأُخْرَى بِذَاتِ الجَيْشِ آيَاتُهَاسِفْرُ
Nounسَفَرٌ2 senses

Core sense — a journey, travel; the whiteness of dawn or of daygenerated

1his journey was near—كَانَتْ سَفْرَتُهُ قَرِيبَةً

A journey, or travel; the act of journeying or travelling; the opposite of حَضَرٌ. It is so called because of the going and coming in it, like the going and coming of the wind that sweeps away fallen leaves. Or: the act of going forth to journey; a maṣdar used as a simple noun.

Its plural is أسْفَارٌ, so that it is often used as an ism waḥda; but properly the ism waḥda is سَفْرَةٌ.

By rule the plural of سَفْرَةٌ is سَفَرَاتٌ.

In law, as this bears on the obligation of fasting and the like: the going forth with the intention of making a journey of three days and nights, or more.

2in the dawn—سَفَرًا

Also: the whiteness of dawn, or daybreak: or the whiteness of the day: and the same as صَبَاحٌ, dawn, or morning, or forenoon — apparently the first of these here.

And سَفِيرٌ: the whiteness [of the sky] before night: or the first of the two words means the remains of the whiteness of day after sunset.

Explained as صَبَاحًا, apparently meaning in the dawn.

when Sirius rises in the whiteness of day—إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى سَفَرًا لَمْ تَرَفِيهَا مَطَرًا

A saying of the prose-rhymer, meaning: in the clear twilight of morning you see no rain then; for Sirius rises with the dawn in Arabia in the middle and the latter half of July, when rain scarcely ever falls there.

According to the TA the meaning is, when Sirius rises at nightfall, apparently taken without consideration from one of the explanations of سَفَرٌ given above; but that is during the usual winter rains.

I met him when the sun was becoming white, before setting—لَقِيتُهُ سَفَرًا

Also فِى سَفَرٍ, with the meaning عِنْدَٱسْفِرَارِ الشَّمْسِ لِلغُرُوبِ. It is related with س in the word اسفرار, not with ص.

there remained a white gleam of daylight—بَقِىَ سَفَرٌ مِنْ نَهَارٍ
Qur’ānic occurrences سَفَر 2 shown of 7
9:42
لَوْ كَانَ عَرَضًا قَرِيبًا وَسَفَرًا قَاصِدًا لَّٱتَّبَعُوكَ وَلَـٰكِنۢ بَعُدَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلشُّقَّةُ ۚ وَسَيَحْلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ لَوِ ٱسْتَطَعْنَا لَخَرَجْنَا مَعَكُمْ يُهْلِكُونَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَـٰذِبُونَ

If there had been immediate gain (in sight), and the journey easy, they would (all) without doubt have followed thee, but the distance was long, (and weighed) on them. They would indeed swear by Allah, "If we only could, we should certainly have come out with you": They would destroy their own souls; for Allah doth know that they are certainly lying.

18:62
فَلَمَّا جَاوَزَا قَالَ لِفَتَىٰهُ ءَاتِنَا غَدَآءَنَا لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِن سَفَرِنَا هَـٰذَا نَصَبًا

When they had passed on (some distance), Moses said to his attendant: "Bring us our early meal; truly we have suffered much fatigue at this (stage of) our journey."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Journey, or travel; the act of journeying or travelling; (S, A, K;) contr. of حَضَرٌ : (M, K:) thus called because of the going and coming in it, like the going and coming of the wind sweeping away fallen leaves: (M:) or the act of going forth to journey; an inf. n. used as a simple subst.: (Msb:) [therefore] the pl. is أسْفَارٌ : (S, M, A, Msb, K:) [and therefore it is often used as a n. un.; but, properly speaking, the n. un. is سَفْرَةٌ :] you say, كَانَتْ سَفْرَتُهُ قَرِيبَةً [His journey was near]: and the pl. of سَفْرَةٌ , accord. to rule, is سَفَرَاتٌ . (Msb.) In law, [as relating to the obligation of fasting &c.,] The going forth with the intention of performing a journey of three days and nights, or more. (KT.) Also The whiteness of dawn or daybreak: (A:) or the whiteness of the day: (S, M:) and i. q. صَبَاحٌ [dawn, or morning, or forenoon; but app. here used in the first of these senses]: (M:) and سَفِيرٌ , the whiteness [of the sky] before night: (A, TA:) or the former, the remains of the whiteness of day after sunset. (K.) You say سَفَرًا i. e. صَبَاحًا [app. as meaning In the dawn]. (A.) And the prose-rhymer says, إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشِّعْرَى سَفَرًا لَمْ تَرَفِيهَا مَطَرًا (S, * TA) i. e. When Sirius rises in the whiteness of day [meaning in the clear twilight of morning, thou seest not then rain: for Sirius rises aurorally, in Arabia, in the middle and the latter half of July, when rain scarcely ever falls there]. (S. [Accord. to the TA, the meaning, app. taken without consideration from one of the foregoing explanations of سَفَرٌ , is, when Sirius rises at nightfall: but this is during the usual winter-rains.]) You say also, لَقِيتُهُ سَفَرًا , and فِى سَفَرٍ , meaning عِنْدَٱسْفِرَارِ الشَّمْسِ لِلغُرُوبِ , thus related, with س [in the word اسفرار (not with ص ), and app. meaning I met him when the sun was becoming white, previously to the setting]. (M.) And بَقِىَ سَفَرٌ مِنْ نَهَارٍ [There remained a white gleam of daylight]. (A.)
Nounسَفْرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a single journeygenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounسُفْرَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — food prepared for a journey; the skin, or tray, on which one eatsgenerated

1they ate the food prepared for the journey—أَكَلُوا السُّفْرَةَ

The food of the traveller; the food that is prepared for the traveller, or for a journey. Plural َسُفَرٌ. This is the primary meaning.

1.1figurative · مجاز

Hence: the receptacle for it; the piece of skin in which it is put. This is commonly round, with a running string, so that at one time it is drawn up into a bag to hold the food, and at another spread out flat on the ground, when people want to eat on it.

1.2figurative · مجاز

And hence: the thing, whatever it may be, on which one eats. In the desert it is generally a round piece of skin, such as described above; in the towns, in the houses of the middle classes, a round tray of tinned copper, usually placed on a low stool; and in the dwellings of some of the highest classes and of the lowest, of silver and of wood respectively.

According to the T, سُفْرَةٌ has the meaning given just before this, and the thing it denotes is so called because it is spread out when one eats on it.

Show Lane's original text
The food of the traveller; (M, K;) the food that is prepared for the traveller, (S, Msb,) or for a journey: (TA:) pl. َسُفَرٌ . (Msb.) This is the primary signification. (TA.) You say, أَكَلُوا السُّفْرَةَ They ate the food for the journey. (A.) Hence, The receptacle thereof; (TA;) the piece of skin in which it is put. (S, * M, * Msb, K, * TA.) [This is commonly of a round form, with a running string; so that it is converted into a bag to contain the food, at one time, and at another time is spread flat upon the ground, when persons want to eat upon it.] And hence, The thing [whatever it be] upon which one eats: (TA:) [in the desert, it is generally a round piece of skin, such as I have described above: in the towns, in the houses of the middle classes, a round tray of tinned copper, which is usually placed on a low stool; and in the dwellings of some of the highest classes, and the lowest, respectively, of silver and wood:] accord. to the T, سُفْرَةٌ has the last of the significations given before this, and the thing which it denotes is thus called because it is spread when one eats upon it. (TA.)
Nounسِفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a nose-band of iron, cord, or skin for a camelgenerated

1a piece of iron, or a cord, or a piece of skin, put over the nose and jaws of a camel—سِفَارَةٌ

It stands in the place of the حَكَمَة [q. v.] of the horse.

Or: a cord attached to the خِطَام [q. v.] of a camel, a part of it being twisted round it and the rest made into a rein; and sometimes it is of iron.

Plurals: أَسْفِرَةٌ (of paucity, of the first word), سُفُرٌ (of multitude), and سَفَائِرُ (of either).

Show Lane's original text
(Lh, S, M, K) and سِفَارَةٌ (Lh, M) A piece of iron, (S, M, K,) or a cord, (M,) or a piece of skin, (K,) that is put over the nose [and jaws] of a camel, in the place of the حَكَمَة [q. v.] (Lh, S, M, K) of the horse: (S, K:) or a cord that is attached to the خِطَام [q. v.] of a camel, a part being twisted round it, and the rest being made a rein: and sometimes it is of iron: (Lth:) pl. [of pauc., of the former,] أَسْفِرَةٌ (M, K) and [of mult.] سُفُرٌ (S, M, K) and [of either] سَفَائِرُ . (M, K.)
Nounسَفِيرٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — a messenger, a mediator; leaves swept away by the windgenerated

1

Leaves which the wind sweeps away; leaves which fall from trees and which the wind sweeps away, or which are so called because the wind sweeps them away: or leaves of herbs, because the wind sweeps them away: or what has fallen of the leaves of trees and of the lower portions of seed-produce.

2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: a messenger; and a mediator, or a man who makes peace, or settles a difference, between a people; and so سَافِرٌ: or a messenger who makes peace, and the like. See form 1.

Plural of the first سُفَرَآءُ, and of the second سَفَرَةٌ. See also سِفَارَةٌ below.

2.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And: a commissioned agent, a factor, or a deputy, and the like; plural as above. Apparently so called because he discovers, and makes clear, the affair in which he acts in the place of another person.

3

See also سَفَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Leaves which the wind sweeps away; (M;) leaves which fall from trees (S, A, K) and which the wind sweeps away, (A,) or because the wind sweeps them away: (S:) or leaves of herbs; because the wind sweeps them away: (T, TA:) or what have fallen of the leaves of trees and of the lower portions of seed-produce. (JM.) Also A messenger: (S:) and a mediator; or a man who makes peace, effects a reconciliation, or adjusts a difference, between a people; (S, M, Msb;) as also سَافِرٌ : (Msb:) or a messenger who makes peace, &c.: (T, Mgh, TA:) [see 1:] pl. of the former سُفَرَآءُ , (S, M, Mgh,) and of the latter سَفَرَةٌ . (Har p. 255. [See also سِفَارَةٌ , below.]) And A commissioned agent, a factor, or a deputy; and the like: pl. as above: app. so called because he discovers, and makes manifest, the affair in which he acts as a substitute for another person. (Msb.) See also سَفَرٌ .
Nounسُفَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — sweepingsgenerated

1

Sweepings.

Show Lane's original text
Sweepings. (S, M, K.)
Nounسِفَارَةٌ3 senses

Core sense — mediation; the office of a messenger, or mediatorgenerated

1

A maṣdar of سَفَرَ in the phrase سَفَرَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [q. v.]. And hence: the office of the سَفِير (q. v.). See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., 2nd ed., vol. 1, pp. 126 and 172; and Quatremère's Hist. des Sultans Mamlouks, vol. 1, p. 193.

2

Also: the falling of a man's hair from above his forehead.

3

See also سِفَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
an inf. n. of سَفَرَ in the phrase سَفَرَ بَيْنَ القَوْمِ [q. v.]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.) [And hence, The office of the سَفِير (q. v.). See also De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 126 and 172: and Quatremère's Hist. des Sultans Mamlouks, i. 193.] Also The falling of one's hair from [above] his forehead. (Sgh, TA.) See also سِفَارٌ .
Nounسَافِرٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a woman with her face uncovered; a writer, a scribegenerated

1

Ism fāʿil of form 1: a woman having her face uncovered. Plural سَوَافِرُ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And: a horse having little flesh; or the phrase for this is سَافِرُ اللَّحْمِ, used by Ibn-Mukbil.

1.2

See also سَفِيرٌ.

1.3

And see مُسَافِرٌ, in two places.

2

Also: a writer, a scribe; in the Nabathæan language سَافِرَا. Plural سَفَرَةٌ, which is also applied to the angels who register actions.

Show Lane's original text
[act. part. n. of 1:] A woman having her face uncovered: (S, M, Mgh, K:) pl. سَوَافِرُ . (TA.) And a horse having little flesh: (K:) or so سَافِرُ اللَّحْمِ , a phrase used by Ibn-Mukbil. (TA.) See also سَفِيرٌ . And see مُسَافِرٌ , in two places. Also A writer; a scribe: (Akh, S, M, K:) in the Nabathæan language سَافِرَا : (M:) pl. سَفَرَةٌ : (Akh, S, M, K:) which is also applied to the angels who register actions. (M, K.)
Nounتَسْفِيرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a broom, a thing with which one sweepsgenerated

1

See مِسْفَرَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مِسْفَرَةٌ .
Nounمَسْفَرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the part of the face that shows; a place of journeyinggenerated

1

Singular of مَسَافِرُ, which means the part, or parts, of the face that appear.

1.1between me and him, or it, are far-extending tracts to be travelled—بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ مَسَافِرُ بَعِيدَةٌ

Also, or مَسْفِرٌ: a place of journeying or travelling; in this sense too its plural is مَسَافِرُ.

Show Lane's original text
sing. of مَسَافِرُ , (A,) which signifies The part that appears [or parts that appear] of the face. (S, A, * K.) [Also, or مَسْفِرٌ , A place of journeying or travelling: in which sense, likewise, its pl. is مَسَافِرُ .] One says, بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَهُ مَسَافِرُ بَعِيدَةٌ [Between me and him, or it, are farextending tracts to be travelled]. (A.)
Nounمُسْفِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a face shining with happinessgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

Ism fāʿil of form 4: a face shining with happiness.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

النَّاقَةُ المُسْفِرَةُ الحُمْرَةِ — in the CK, wrongly, الحُمْرَةُ — means the she-camel that is somewhat above the one termed صَهْبَآء in respect of redness.

Qur’ānic occurrences مُّسْفِرَة
80:38
وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُّسْفِرَةٌ

Some faces that Day will be beaming,

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[act. part. n. of 4, q. v.:] A face shining (A, TA) with happiness. (A.) النَّاقَةُ المُسْفِرَةُ الحُمْرَةِ [in the CK (erroneously) الحُمْرَةُ ] means [The she-camel] that is somewhat above such as is termed صَهْبَآء [in respect of redness]. (O, K, TA.)
Nounمِسْفَرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who journeys much; strong for journeyinggenerated

1

See مِسْفَرَةٌ.

1.1

Also: a man that journeys, or travels, much; and so مِسْفَارٌ, or one that journeys much and is strong for journeying. Applied to a camel: strong for journeying; the feminine is formed with ة and applied to a she-camel, as is also مِسْفَارٌ so applied.

Show Lane's original text
: see مِسْفَرَةٌ . Also A man (TA) that journeys, or travels, much; (K;) and so مِسْفَارٌ : (A:) or that journeys, or travels, much, and is strong for journeying: (M:) and, applied to a camel, (S, M, A,) strong for journeying; (S, M, A, K;) fem. with ة , (S, M, K,) applied to a she-camel, (S, M,) as also مِسْفَارٌ , thus applied. (M.)
Nounمِسْفَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a broom, a thing with which one sweepsgenerated

1

A broom; a thing with which one sweeps; also مِسْفَرٌ and تَسْفِيرَةٌ. Of the last, which is explained by مَا يُسْفَرُ بِهِ, the plural is تَسَافِيرُ.

Show Lane's original text
A broom; a thing with which one sweeps; (S, M, K;) as also مِسْفَرٌ , and تَسْفِيرَةٌ , of which last, (expl. by مَا يُسْفَرُ بِهِ ,) the pl. is تَسَافِيرُ . (TA.)
Nounمُسَفِّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who binds books, or covers them with leathergenerated

1

The same as مُجَلِّدٌ: one who binds books (أَسْفَار, plural of سِفْرٌ), or covers them with leather.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. مُجَلِّدٌ [i. e. One who binds books ( أَسْفَار , pl. of سِفْرٌ ), or covers them with leather]. (A, TA.)
Nounمِسْفَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who journeys, or travels, muchgenerated

1

See مِسْفَرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see مِسْفَرٌ , in two places.
Nounمَسْفُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — worn out, or fatigued, by travellinggenerated

1

Distressed, or fatigued, by journeying or travel.

Show Lane's original text
Distressed, or fatigued, by journeying or travel. (TA.)
Nounمُسَافِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a traveller, a wayfarergenerated

1

A man journeying, or travelling; a traveller; a wayfarer. Also سَافِرٌ, which is said not to be an ism fāʿil but a possessive adjective meaning ذُو سَفَرٍ, with no verb belonging to it that we have seen; or it is from سَفَرَ, and means going forth on a journey.

Plural of the first مُسَافِرُونَ, and of the second سُفَّارٌ, أَسْفَارٌ, and سُفَّرٌ.

One says also قَوْمٌ سَافِرَةٌ, the feminine of سَافِرٌ, and قَوْمٌ سَفْرٌ, سَفْرٌ being an ism jamʿ, like صَحْبٌ in relation to صَاحِبْ; and سَفْرٌ is also used as a singular, being originally a maṣdar.

1.1

مُسَافِرَةٌ is used by Zuheyr as a name for a wild cow.

Show Lane's original text
A man journeying, or travelling; a traveller; a wayfarer; (S, M, K;) as also سَافِرٌ ; (M, * K;) which latter is [said to be] not a part. n., but [a possessive epithet] meaning ذُو سَفَرٍ , (M,) having no verb belonging to it (M, K) that we have seen; (M;) or it is from سَفَرَ , and signifies going forth on a journey: (S, Msb:) pl. of the former مُسَافِرُونَ , (S,) and of the latter سُفَّارٌ (S, M, A, Msb, K) and أَسْفَارٌ (M, K) and سُفَّرٌ ; (TA;) and you also say قَوْمٌ سَافِرَةٌ [fem. of سَافِرٌ ], (S, * M, Msb, K,) and قَوْمٌ سَفْرٌ , (S, M, A, Msb, K,) [ سَفْرٌ being a quasi-pl. n.,] like صَحْبٌ in relation to صَاحِبْ : (S, Mgh, Msb:) and سَفْرٌ is also used as a sing., (M, K,) being originally an inf. n. (TA.) مُسَافِرَةٌ is used by Zuheyr as a name for A [wild] cow. (M, TA.)