سر

According to the TA this has two opposite meanings: it is stated there that one says سَرَرْتُهُ meaning كَتَمْتُهُ, and سَرَرْتُهُ meaning أَعْلَنْتُهُ, and it is added that the word will occur again soon; but it does not occur again in that work, and I have not found it in any other lexicon. I therefore think it is a mistranscription for أَسْرَرْتُهُ, first person of أَسَرَّهُ.

which latter, from the explanations of it given below, seems generally, if not only, to be a maṣdar of سُرَّ; and سُرٌّ, which is also synonymous with سُرُورٌ in the senses assigned to that word below; and سُرَّى and تَسِرَّةٌ, this last perhaps also a maṣdar of سرّرهُ, which Freytag explains as synonymous with سَرَّهُ in the sense that follows, though without indicating any authority.

Synonymous with أَفْرَحَهُ: he made him experience a pleasure, or delight, and a dilatation of the heart with no outward sign of it; see سُرُورٌ below.

as mentioned above. Or: he experienced a pleasure, or delight, and a dilatation of the heart of which there was no outward sign, according to an explanation of سُرُورٌ.

Muḍāriʿ as above; maṣdar سَرٌّ or سِرٌّ. The navel-string is termed سِرَر or سُرّ.

. The زند is the piece of stick, or wood, for producing fire; the small piece is inserted in its interior.

Said because the زند is worn hollow.

Second person سَرِرْتَ, remarked upon by MF as irregular, though it agrees with a general rule. The سُرَّة is the navel.

See form 1, second sense.

Doubly transitive. The verb سَرَّرْتُهُ is said to be changed to سَرَّيْتُهُ to make it easier to pronounce.

. The سُرَّة is the navel.

Maṣdar مُسَارَّةٌ and سِرَارٌ: he spoke, or talked, secretly to him or with him; he told him a secret.

This occurs in a tradition.

and according to the TA سَرَّهُ, but see the first sense of this article. He concealed it, suppressed it, kept it secret — a story or the like; and, in the opposite sense, he manifested it, revealed it, published it, made it known.

Both meanings have been assigned to the verb in this phrase, in the Qur 10:55 and 34:32. Some say the meaning is: they will show repentance. Th says: they will conceal it from their chiefs. The former, says ISd, is the more correct; the former is also given on the authority of AO, but Sh says he has not heard it from anyone else, and Az says the lexicologists most strongly disapprove of AO's saying. It is also said that the meaning is that they, the chiefs of the polytheists, will conceal repentance from the lower class of their people, whom they had led astray; and Zj and the other expositors say the same.

The two opposite meanings are assigned to the verb in the same way in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, in his Muʿallaqah, لَوْ يُسِرُّونَ مَقْتَلِى, which As used to quote with ش, thus: لَوْ يُشِرُّونَ مَقْتَلِى, meaning that they might publish, or make known, my slaughter.

An example occurs in the Qur 66:3.

This is in the Qur 60:1; the object of the verb is left out. Or المودّة may be the object, the ب being a redundant corroborative, as in أَخَذَ الخِطَامَ and أَخَذَ بِهِ; and this interpretation is correct, for إِسْرَارٌ to a person necessarily implies revealing a secret to him and at the same time concealing it from another.

تَسَرَّرْتُهَا is said to be changed in this way to تَسَرَّيْتُهَا to make it easier to pronounce, because of the three ر s following one another, being like تَظَنَّنْتُ and تَظَنَّيْتُ. Lth says that تسرّيت is a mistake, but Az says it is correct.

This occurs in a tradition; but by rule one should say تَسَرَّرَنِى or تَسَرَّانِى. As for استسرّنى, it more properly means 'he revealed his secret to me'.

They spoke, or talked, secretly together; they told one another secrets. See also form 3.

For instance, at scratching a part of his body, or pressing or kneading it; and at something another person dislikes.

But I have some doubt whether this is correct, and incline to think it is a mistake for استسرّ.

He, or it, became concealed; or he, or it, hid himself or itself.

Said of a thing or an affair: it became hidden, or secret. Said of the moon: it became concealed by the light of the sun, that is, by its nearness to the sun, for one night or for two nights.

See also form 1; and see form 6, last sense.

A man who rejoices, or gladdens, another, or makes him happy; and so سَارٌّ. Feminine سَرَّةٌ, with which سَارَّةٌ is synonymous.

Plural بَرُّونَ سَرُّونَ.

See سُرُورٌ.

And see سِرٌّ, near the end.

It is also a contraction of سُرُرٌ, plural of سَرِيرٌ.

Also, and سِرَرٌ and سَرَرٌ: the navel-string of a child, that is, the thing the midwife cuts off from the navel of a child; the thing that hangs from the navel of a newborn child and is cut off. Or سِرَرٌ means the part of it that is cut off and goes away.

Plural of سِرَرٌ, or of سُرٌّ or سَرَرٌ: أَسِرَّةٌ (Yaakoob), which is irregular.

One should not say سُرَّتُكَ, for the سُرَّة is not cut.

See also سِرٌّ, last sense.

A secret; a thing concealed, or kept back, in the mind; and so سَرِيرَةٌ. Or the first word has that meaning and the second means a secret action, whether good or evil; and the first also means a mystery. Plural of the first, أَسْرَارٌ; of the second, سَرَائِرُ.

A proverb, applied to anything commonly known. It alludes to Ḥaleemeh, the daughter of El-Ḥārith the son of Aboo-Shemir El-Ghassānee: when her father sent an army against El-Mundhir the son of Mā-es-Semā, she brought out for the soldiers some perfume in a vessel and perfumed them with it.

From the Qur 86:9. Or السرائر here means fasting, prayer, alms-giving, and the washing required because of the pollution termed جَنَابَة. See also a verse cited in the third sense of art. عرض.

The navel, that is, the place from which the navel-string has been cut off; the small cavity, or hollow, in the middle of the belly; what remains of the سِرَر.

Plural سُرَرٌ (in the CK wrongly سِرَرٌ) and سُرَّاتٌ.

A noun from سَارَّهُ, like its synonym نَجْوَى from نَاجَاهُ: secret talk, or a secret communication, between two persons or parties.

See also سَرَارُ الشَّهْرِ.

And see سِرٌّ, near the end.

And see سُرٌّ, in two places.

Also a pain that a camel suffers in his كِرْكِرَة, the callous projection upon the breast, arising from a gall, or sore; or sores in the hinder part of the كركرة of a camel, nearly reaching into his inside but not fatal; or a disease that attacks the horse. Lth says it is a pain in the navel, but Az and others say this is a mistake.

See سِرٌّ, near the end.

And see سُرُورٌ.

It is also a plural of سَرِيرٌ.

See سَرَارُ الشَّهْرِ.

And see سِرٌّ, in its last two senses, in three places.

And see سُرٌّ, in two places.

Also the coats, or coverings, and earth that are upon truffles; and سَرِيرٌ means the same, or the sand and earth and coats or coverings upon truffles. Here, and in some copies of the Tekmileh, أَكَمَة is put for كَمْأَة. Or both mean the earth that is upon truffles; or the first means the round clod of earth in which a truffle grows. The plural of both is أَسْرَارٌ.

And سِرَارُهُ, though the latter is not approved by the lexicologists in general, and سَرَرُهُ and سِرَرُهُ and لَيْلَةُ السِّرَارِ: the last night of the lunar month; or, when the month is twenty-nine days, the twenty-eighth night, and when it is thirty, the twenty-ninth night; or the night in which the moon becomes concealed by the light of the sun — sometimes this is one night, sometimes two.

See also الدَّعْجَآءُ under أَدْعَجُ.

سَرَارٌ is also synonymous with سِرٌّ in two senses: see سِرٌّ, in the latter part of that article, in four places.

It also means dates in the unripe state in which they are termed سَيَابٌ.

See the preceding article, in two places.

And see سِرٌّ, near the end, in two places.

And see مَسَرَّةٌ.

See the article that follows.

Or سَرُورٌ when used as a simple noun, though this is strange and, according to MF, unknown, whether as a simple noun or as a maṣdar; and سُرٌّ and سَرَّآءُ and تَسُرَّةٌ: happiness, joy, or gladness; synonymous with فَرَحٌ, the opposite of حُزْنٌ.

Er-Rāghib: a dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, in which there is quiet, or rest, of mind, whether of short or of long continuance; whereas فَرَحٌ is a dilatation of the bosom with delight, or pleasure, of short continuance, passing and not lasting, as is the case with bodily and worldly pleasures; but فَرَح is sometimes called سُرُور, and the reverse.

Or سُرُورٌ means pleasure, or delight, and a dilatation of the heart of which there is no outward sign, distinguished from حُبُورٌ, which is cheerfulness, that is, pleasure, or delight, or dilatation of the heart which has a visible effect in the face.

Also the singular of سُرُرٌ, which means the upper ends of the stems of plants. See also مَسَرَّةٌ.

A couch-frame; a bedstead; a raised couch, or couch upon a frame; a throne: a thing on which one lies, synonymous with مُضْطَجَعٌ; or a thing on which one sits.

Plural, of the smaller number, أَسِرَّةٌ, and of the larger number, سُرُرٌ; some say سُرَرٌ for the latter, as easier to pronounce, and make the same change in other similar plurals; and one who says صِيْدٌ for صُيُدٌ, plural of صَيُودٌ, says سُرٌّ for سُرُرٌ.

It is said to be derived from سُرُورٌ, because it usually belongs to people of ease and wealth and authority, and to kings.

See also سِرَرٌ, in two places.

And see مَسَرَّةٌ.

See سِرٌّ, in the latter part of that article, in three places. It also means the best of the productive parts of a meadow.

And its plural سَرَائِرُ: see سِرٌّ, in its first and fourth senses, in three places.

Ampleness, or freedom from straitness, of the means, or circumstances, of life; synonymous with رَخَآءٌ, a happy state or condition, the opposite of ضَرَّآءُ; the same as مَسَرَّةٌ and سَارُورَآءُ, the opposites of مَضَرَّةٌ and ضَارُورَآءُ.

A relative noun from سِرٌّ: of, or relating to, anything secret; a secret, or mysterious, thing.

A concubine-slave; a female slave whom one takes as a possession and for intercourse; a female slave to whom one assigns a house, or chamber, in which he lodges her, and whom he takes as a possession and for intercourse.

Of the measure فُعْلِيَّةٌ, from سِرٌّ as meaning intercourse, or as meaning concealment, because a man often conceals her and keeps her from his wife; altered from the regular form of a relative noun by having damm in place of kesr, for the relative noun is sometimes so altered, as in دُهْرِىٌّ from الدَّهْرُ and سُهْلِىٌّ from الأَرْضُ السَّهْلَةُ. Or it has damm to distinguish it from سِرِّيَّةٌ, which is applied to a free woman with whom one has intercourse secretly, or one who prostitutes herself.

Or it is from سُرٌّ in the sense of سُرُورٌ, because her owner rejoices in her; and if so it agrees with analogy. So says AHeyth, and this is the best that has been said about it.

Or it is of the measure فُعُّولَةٌ from سَرْوٌ, the second و being changed into ى for euphony, and then the other و being merged into it and so becoming ى like it, after which the dammeh is changed into a kesreh because the ى is next to it.

The plural is سَرَارِىُّ and سَرَارٍ, the latter by poetic licence.

A free woman with whom one has sexual intercourse secretly, or who prostitutes herself; distinguished from سُرِّيَّةٌ.

Intelligent; knowing; skilful; entering much into affairs by means of his good contrivances.

In art. بنى.

Also the نَصْل, the spun thread that has come forth, of the spindle.

See the preceding article.

And its feminine, formed with ة: see سَرٌّ.

See سَرَّآءُ.

A newcomer; one living among a people to whom he is not related; synonymous with دَخِيلٌ.

Lebeed says: [And my grandfather, the rider of Er-Raashā, was of them; a chief, not a newcomer, nor of suspected origin]

Also a camel having a gall, or sore, in the كِرْكِرَة, the callous projection upon the breast; or having pain there, arising from a gall or sore; or having sores in the hinder part of it, nearly reaching into his inside but not fatal; or having the disorder termed ضَبٌّ, which is a tumour in the breast. Feminine سَرَّآءُ. See سَرَرٌ.

See سُرُورٌ.

A maṣdar of سَرَّهُ.

An instrument in which one speaks secretly, like a طُومَار, that is, a roll or scroll, and the like.

Happy, joyful, or glad; affected with سُرُور.

Having the navel-string cut.

I came to know his hidden, or secret, affair.