سحر

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 8 · 24 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 63

Form 1سَحَرَهُ11 senses · 3 main

muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarسِحْرٌ فِعْلٌ

Core sense — he hit his lungs; he turned him from his course; he enchanted himgenerated

1.1he, or it, hit, or hurt, his [lungs, &c.]—سَحْر

he, or it, hit, or hurt, his heart—سُحْرَة

1.1.1figurative · مجازhe turned it, or him, [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]—عَنْ وَجْهِهِ

. This is said to be the only instance of a past tense, muḍāriʿ and maṣdar of these measures, except the verb فَعَلَ.

what has turned you from such and such a course?—مَا سَحَرَكَ عَنْ وَجْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا

The other meanings that follow come from this one. This use seems to be literal, though it is also called figurative.

The verb is used in this sense in the Qurʾān 23:91.

Yoo: the Arabs say this to a man.

أُفِكَ and سُحِرَ are synonymous, meaning he was turned from his course, etc.

Qur’ān 23:89 approximate — somewhere between 23:54 and 23:91 Lane cites “Kur xxiii. 91”

Qur’ān 23:89 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ

They will say, "(It belongs) to Allah." Say: "Then how are ye deluded?"Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1.2figurative · مجاز

He turned him from hatred to love.

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it—سَحْرٌ

he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or time after time—سحّرهُ

he enchanted, or fascinated, his eye—سَحَرَ عَيْنَهُ

he apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false appear in the form of the true—سَحَرَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ

The muḍāriʿ and maṣdar are as above, and the maṣdar is also of this form.

In an intensive or frequentative sense; the frequentative sense is shown by an explanation of its passive ism mafʿūl.

Said of an enchanter, سَاحِرٌ: he caused the thing to be imagined different from what it really was.

See سِحْرٌ below.

[The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]—المَرْأَةُ تَسْحَرُ النَّاسَ بِعَيْنِهَا

he caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition—سَحَرَهُ بِكَلَامِهِ

1.1.4figurative · مجازhe deceived, deluded, beguiled, or outwitted him—سحّرهُ

In this sense the verb seems to come from the same verb in the first sense explained in this article.

The base verb has this meaning too; this form is apparently intensive or frequentative, maṣdar تَسْحِيرٌ.

1.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredhe fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink—سَحَرَهُ بِالطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ

In the same way: he diverted him with a thing, as one diverts a child with food so that it is contented and does not want milk; synonym عَلَّلَهُ. Also سحّرهُ, maṣdar تَسْحِيرٌ.

he fed him, and diverted him, with meat and drink—سحّرهُ

1.1.6figurative · مجاز — inferredI gilded the silver—سَحَرْتُ الفِضَّةَ

1.1.7figurative · مجاز — inferredcorrupting, marring, or spoiling—سِحْرٌ

It is synonymous with فَسَادٌ, as a quasi-maṣdar of أَفْسَدَ; see the passive ism mafʿūl مَسْحُورٌ.

the rain spoiled the clay, so that it was not fit for use—سَحَرَ المَطَرُ الطِّينَ

the rain spoiled the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use—التُّرَابَ

1.1.8figurative · مجاز — inferredit causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth—يَسْحَرُ أَلْبَانَ الغَنَمِ

Said of the adhesion of the lungs to the side from thirst.

1.2he went, or removed, far away—سَحَرَ

Synonym تَبَاعَدَ; said of a man.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day—سَحِرَ

. Or: between the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; synonym بَكَّرَ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

7:116

قَالَ أَلْقُوا۟ ۖ فَلَمَّآ أَلْقَوْا۟ سَحَرُوٓا۟ أَعْيُنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَٱسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ وَجَآءُو بِسِحْرٍ عَظِيمٍ

Said Moses: "Throw ye (first)." So when they threw, they bewitched the eyes of the people, and struck terror into them: for they showed a great (feat of) magic.

7:132

وَقَالُوا۟ مَهْمَا تَأْتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنْ ءَايَةٍ لِّتَسْحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحْنُ لَكَ بِمُؤْمِنِينَ

They said (to Moses): "Whatever be the Signs thou bringest, to work therewith thy sorcery on us, we shall never believe in thee.

23:89

سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ

They will say, "(It belongs) to Allah." Say: "Then how are ye deluded?"

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

He, or it, hit, or hurt, his سَحْر [or lungs, &c.], (Mgh, TA,) or his سُحْرَة [i. e. heart]. (TA.) And the same, aor. سَحَرَ , inf. n. سِحْرٌ , (T, TA,) [said to be] the only instance of a pret. and aor. and inf. n. of these measures except the verb فَعَلَ , aor. يَفْعَلُ , inf. n. فِعْلٌ , (MF,) He turned it, (T,) or him, (TA,) عَنْ وَجْهِهِ [from its, or his, course, or way, or manner of being]: and hence other significations here following. (T, TA. [Accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical.]) In this sense the verb is used in the Kur xxiii. 91. (Fr.) The Arabs say to a man, مَا سَحَرَكَ عَنْ وَجْهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا What has turned thee from such and such a course? (Yoo.) أُفِكَ and سُحِرَ are syn. [as meaning He was turned from his course &c.]. (TA.) And He turned him from hatred to love. (TA.) Hence, (TA,) aor. and inf. n. as above, (T, S, TA,) and inf. n. also سَحْرٌ , (KL, TA,) He enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it; (S, * K, * KL, PS;) and so سحّرهُ (MA, TA) [in an intensive or a frequentative sense, meaning he enchanted, or fascinated, him, or it, much, or (as shown by an explanation of its pass. part. n.) time after time]: and سَحَرَ عَيْنَهُ He enchanted, or fascinated, his eye. (MA.) You say, سَحَرَ الشَّىْءَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ , meaning He (an enchanter, سَاحِرٌ ) apparently turned the thing from its proper manner of being, making what was false to appear in the form of the true, or real; causing the thing to be imagined different from what it really was. (T, TA. [See سِحْرٌ , below.]) And المَرْأَةُ تَسْحَرُ النَّاسَ بِعَيْنِهَا [The woman enchants, or fascinates, men by her eye]. (A.) And سَحَرَهُ بِكَلَامِهِ He caused him, or enticed him, to incline to him by his soft, or elegant, speech, and by the beauty of its composition. (Msb.) He deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; (S, Mgh, K; *) as also سحّرهُ , [but app. in an intensive or a frequentative sense,] (K, TA,) inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ . (TA. [Accord. to the Mgh, the former verb in this sense seems to be derived from the same verb in the first of the senses expl. in this art.]) And in like manner, He diverted him [with a thing], as one diverts a child with food, that he may be contented, and not want milk; syn. عَلَّلَهُ ; as also سحّرهُ , inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ . (S, TA.) One says, سَحَرَهُ بِالطَّعَامِ وَ الشَّرَابِ , and سحّرهُ , He fed him, and diverted him [from the feeling of want], with meat and drink. (TA.) And سَحَرْتُ الفِضَّةَ I gilded the silver. (Ham p. 601.) سِحْرٌ is also syn. with فَسَادٌ [as quasi-inf. n. of أَفْسَدَ , as is indicated in the TA; thus signifying The act of corrupting, marring, spoiling, &c.: see the pass. part. n. مَسْحُورٌ ]. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, سَحَرَ المَطَرُ الطِّينَ and التُّرَابَ , The rain spoiled the clay, and the earth, or dust, so that it was not fit for use. (TA.) And one says of the adhesion of the lungs to the side by reason of thirst, يَسْحَرُ أَلْبَانَ الغَنَمِ , meaning It causes the milk of the sheep, or goats, to descend before bringing forth. (TA.) سَحَرَ also signifies He went, or removed, to a distance, or far away; syn. تَبَاعَدَ ; (T, K;) said of a man. (T, TA.) سَحِرَ , aor. سَحَرَ , He went forth early in the morning, in the first part of the day; or between the time of the prayer of daybreak and sunrise; syn. بَكَّرَ . (O, K. [See also 4.])

Form 2سحّر2 senses · 1 main

maṣdarتَسْحِيرٌ

Core sense — he enchanted him much; he fed him the meal taken before daybreakgenerated

2.1

see 1, in four places.

2.1.1figurative · مجازhe gave them the meal called the سَحُور—سَحَّرَهُمْ

He also fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called by this name.

Show Lane's original text

, inf. n. تَسْحِيرٌ : see 1, in four places. Also He fed another, or others, with the food, or meal, called the سَحُور : (M, Mgh, TA:) or سَحَّرَهُمْ signifies he gave to them the meal so called. (Mgh.)

Form 4اسحر1 sense

Core sense — he was in the time a little before daybreak; he journeyed thengenerated

4.1figurative · مجازhe was, or became, in the time called the سَحَر—استحر

Form 4 has the same meaning: he was, or became, in that time; and also: he went, or journeyed, in that time, or he rose to go, or journey, then.

he went, or journeyed, at that time; or he rose to go, or journey, then—استحر

Or it means he went forth at that time. See also 1, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text

He was, or became, in the time called the سَحَر ; (S, A, K;) as also استحر . (TA.) And He went, or journeyed, in the time so called: (S, K, TA:) or he rose to go, or journey, in that time; and so استحر : (TA:) or this latter signifies he went forth in that time. (A. [See also 1, last sentence.])

Form 5تسحّر2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he ate the meal taken a little before daybreakgenerated

5.1figurative · مجازhe ate the food, or meal, or drank the draught of milk, called the سَحُور—تسحّر السَّحُورَ

Form 5 has the same meaning.

5.1.1figurative · مجازhe ate it, namely food, or سَوِيق [q. v.], at the time called the سَحَر—تسحّر بِهِ

Or drank it, namely milk, at that time.

Show Lane's original text

(A, Mgh, Msb) and تسحّر السَّحُورَ (Az, TA) He ate the food, or meal, [or drank the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور . (Az, A, Mgh, Msb, TA.) And تسحّر بِهِ He ate it, (S, * K, * TA,) namely, food, or سَوِيق [q. v.], [or drank it, namely, milk,] at the time called the سَحَر . (TA.)

Form 8استحر2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he journeyed a little before daybreak; he (a cock) crowed thengenerated

8.1

See 4, in two places.

8.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Said of a cock: he crowed at the time called the سَحَر; said of a bird: he sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time.

Show Lane's original text

: see 4, in two places. Also He (a cock) crowed at the time called the سَحَر : (S, K:) and he (a bird) sang, warbled, or uttered his voice, at that time. (TA.)

Derived nouns 19

Nounسَحْرٌ8 senses · 5 main

Core sense — the lungs; the heart; the scar of a healed gall on a camel's backgenerated

1the lungs, or lights—سَحَرٌ

the lungs, or lights—سُحْرٌ

the lungs, or lights—سِحْرٌ

also the liver; and the core, or inner part, and the sides, or regions, of the heart—سَحْرٌ

This form is used sometimes because of the faucial letter.

El-Khafájee, in the ʿInáyeh, gives this form, but no one else mentions it, so it needs confirmation.

Other explanations: what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly; or all that hangs to the gullet, that is, the heart, liver and lungs; also the part of the outside of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs.

The core, or black or inner part, is سَوَاد.

the heart—سُحْرٌ

the heart—سُحْرَةٌ

So El-Jarmee.

The plural of سَحْرٌ is سُحُورٌ; the plural of سُحْرٌ and of سَحَرٌ is أَسْحَارٌ.

1.1figurative · مجازhis lungs became inflated, or swollen, from timidity and cowardice—اِنْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ

his lungs became inflated, or swollen, from timidity and cowardice—مَسَاحِرُهُ اِنْتَفَخَتْ

Said of a coward, and of one who has gone beyond his proper bounds.

Lth says that when a man becomes full one says انتفخ سحره, and that the meaning is he went beyond his proper bounds. Az says this is a mistake, and that the phrase is said only of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear and whose lungs are swollen so that the heart is raised to the gullet.

Of the same kind is the phrase in the Qurʾān 33:10, وَبَلَغَتِ القُلُوبُ الحَنَاجِرَ.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredshe that has her lungs burst asunder—المُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ

A name given to the أَرْنَب [i. e. hare, or female hare], or to the swift ارنب, by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ. So in the article قطع.

Some later writers say المُقَطِّعَةُ, with kesreh to the ط, as though by her speed and violence of running she would burst her own lungs; or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs, and of anyone who chases her, by the violence of her running.

she that has her lungs burst asunder—السُّحُورِ

1.3figurative · مجازI despaired of him, or it—اِنْقَطَعَ مِنْهُ سَحْرِى

I am not in despair of him, or it—أَنَا مِنْهُ غَيْرُ صَرِيمِ سَحْرٍ

having his hope cut off; anything despaired of—صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ

his hope was cut off—صُرِمَ سَحْرُهُ

Also the scar of a gall on the back of a camel, after it has healed and the place of it has become white.

Also the upper, or highest, part of a valley.

See also سَحَّارَةٌ.

And see سَحَرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

, and سَحَرٌ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) sometimes thus because of the faucial letter, (S,) and سُحْرٌ , (S, Msb, K,) and, accord. to El-Khafájee, in the 'Ináyeh, سِحْرٌ , but this is not mentioned by any other, and therefore requires confirmation, (TA,) The lungs, or lights: (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) or what adheres to the gullet and the windpipe, of [the contents of] the upper part of the belly: or all that hangs to the gullet, consisting of the heart and liver and lungs: (Msb, TA:) and the part of the exterior of the body corresponding to the place of the lungs: (Mgh, TA: *) and سَحْرٌ signifies also the liver; and the core, or black or inner part, ( سَوَاد ,) and sides, or regions, of the heart: (TA:) and سُحْرٌ , the heart; (ElJarmee, K;) as also سُحْرَةٌ : (TA:) the pl. (of سَحْرٌ , S, Msb) is سُحُورٌ , and (of سُحْرٌ , S, Msb, and of سَحَرٌ , Msb) أَسْحَارٌ . (S, Msb, K.) Hence, اِنْتَفَخَ سَحْرُهُ , (S, A, K,) and مَسَاحِرُهُ اِنْتَفَخَتْ , (A, K,) His lungs became inflated, or swollen, by reason of timidity and cowardice: (A:) said of a coward: (S:) and of one who has exceeded his due bounds: Lth says that, when repletion arises in a man, one says انتفخ سحره , and that the meaning is, [as given also in the K,] he exceeded his due bounds: but Az says that this is a mistake, and that this phrase is only said of a coward, whose inside is filled with fear, and whose lungs are inflated, or swollen, so that the heart is raised to the gullet: and of the same kind is the phrase in the Kur [xxxiii. 10] وَبَلَغَتِ القُلُوبُ الحَنَاجِرَ . (TA.) And المُقَطَّعَةُ الأَسْحَارِ , and السُّحُورِ , [She that has her lungs burst asunder], an appellation given to the أَرْنَب [i. e. hare, or female hare], (S, K,) or to the swift ارنب , (TA in art. قطع ,) by way of good omen, meaning that her lungs will burst asunder; like المُقَطَّعَةُ النِّيَاطِ : (S:) and some (of those of later times, S) say المُقَطِّعَةُ , with kesr to the ط ; (S, K;) as though, by her speed and vehemence of running, she would burst asunder her lungs; (S;) or because she bursts the lungs of the dogs by the vehemence of her running, and the lungs of him who purses her. (ISh, Sgh.) And اِنْقَطَعَ مِنْهُ سَحْرِى I despaired of him, or it. (A, K.) And أَنَا مِنْهُ غَيْرُ صَرِيمِ سَحْرٍ I am not in despair of him, or it. (A, B.) صَرِيمُ سَحْرٍ is also expl. as signifying Having his hope cut off: and anything despaired of. (TA.) And صُرِمَ سَحْرُهُ means His hope was cut off. (TA.) Also The scar of a gall on the back of a camel, (K, TA,) when it has healed, and the place thereof has become white. (TA.) And The upper, or highest, part of a valley. (TA.) See also سَحَّارَةٌ . And see سَحَرٌ , in two places.

Nounسُحْرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the lungs; the heartgenerated

See the preceding entry, in three places.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

Nounسِحْرٌ6 senses · 2 main

Core sense — enchantment, or fascination; skilful eloquence; skill, science; foodgenerated

See سَحْرٌ, first sentence.

2figurative · مجازa kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women—أَخْذَةٌ

It is also a maṣdar of سَحَرَهُ, meaning the turning of a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner; this seems to be its literal sense, though it is also called figurative.

Hence: enchantment, or fascination. When the enchanter makes what is false appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being.

Also the producing of what is false in the form of truth; or, in the ordinary language of the law, any event whose cause is hidden and which is imagined to be other than it really is. Fakhr-ed-Deen: embellishment by falsification, and deceit.

Or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is carried out by his help.

Also anything whose way of proceeding or operating is subtle.

Ibn-Abee-ʿÁïsheh: the Arabs call سِحْر by this name because it changes health, or soundness, into disease; and in the same way it is said to change hatred into love (see 1).

Plural أَسْحَارٌ and سُحُورٌ.

2.1figurative · مجازThere is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment—إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا

Also skilful eloquence: used absolutely, it applies to that for which the speaker is blamed; used restrictedly, to what is praiseworthy.

So in this saying of Mohammad: because the speaker sets forth an obscure matter and brings out its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, turning the hearts of his hearers as they are turned by سِحْر; or because eloquence has a novelty and strangeness of composition that attracts the hearer and brings him almost to be diverted from everything else, so that it is likened to سِحْر properly so called; and it is said to be السِّحْرُ الحَلَالُ [or lawful enchantment].

The saying was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-ʿÁsim El-Minkaree, Ez-Zibrikán Ibn-Bedr and ʿAmr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked ʿAmr about Ez-Zibrikán; ʿAmr spoke well of him. But Ez-Zibrikán was not content, and said, “By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in your estimation:” then ʿAmr spoke ill of him, and afterwards said, “By God, I did not lie about him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered:” then Mohammad said the words above.

Their meaning is, though God knows best, that he praises the man, speaking truth about him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, or to what he says; and he dispraises him, also speaking truth about him, so as to turn their hearts to him, or to what he says afterwards. A'Obeyd says nearly the same.

Or, as some say, the meaning is that there is an eloquence that is sinful like سِحْر.

2.2figurative · مجاز[He who learns a branch of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learns a branch of enchantment]—مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ النُّجُومِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ السِّحْرِ

Mohammad said this. It may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that learning it is an act of unbelief; or it may mean that it is skill and science, referring to what is gained of it by calculation, such as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon and the like.

Also skill; science.

2.3figurative · مجاز

Also food, or nourishment; so called because its effect is subtle.

2.4figurative · مجاز — inferredsuperabundant rain—غَيْثٌ ذُو سِحْرٍ

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحْرٌ , first sentence. [Also] an inf. n. of سَحَرَهُ , meaning The turning a thing from its proper manner of being to another manner: (T, TA: [accord. to the T, this seems to be proper; but accord. to the A, tropical:]) and hence, (T, TA,) enchantment, or fascination: (T, * S, * MA, KL, PS:) for when. the enchanter ( السَّاحِرُ ) makes what is false to appear in the form of truth, and causes a thing to be imagined different from what it really is, it is as though he turned it from its proper manner of being: (T, TA:) the producing what is false in the form of truth: (IF, Msb:) or, in the common conventional language of the law, any event of which the cause is hidden, and which is imagined to be different from what it really is: and embellishment by falsification, and deceit: (Fakhred-Deen, Msb:) or a performance in which one allies himself to the devil, and which is effected by his aid: (TA:) i. q. أَخْذَةٌ [meaning a kind of enchantment, or fascination, which captivates the eye and the like, and by which enchantresses withhold their husbands from other women]: (S:) and anything of which the way of proceeding or operation ( مَأْخَذُهُ ) is subtile: (S, K:) accord. to Ibn-Abee-'Áïsheh, سِحْر is thus called by the Arabs because it changes health, or soundness, to disease: (Sh:) [and in like manner it is said to change hatred to love: (see 1:)] pl. أَسْحَارٌ and سُحُورٌ . (TA.) Also Skilful eloquence: (TA:) or used absolutely, it is applied to that for which the agent is blamed: and when restricted, to that which is praiseworthy. (Msb.) Thus it is in the saying of Mohammad, إِنَّ مِنَ البَيَانِ لَسِحْرًا [Verily there is a kind of eloquence that is enchantment]: because the speaker propounds an obscure matter, and discloses its true meaning by the beauty of his eloquence, inclining the hearts [of his hearers] in like manner as they are inclined by سِحْر : or because there is in eloquence a novelty and strangeness of composition which attracts the hearer and brings him to such a pass as almost diverts him from other things; therefore it is likened to سِحْر properly so called: and it is said to be السِّحْرُ الحَلَالُ [or lawful enchantment]. (Msb.) The saying of Mohammad mentioned above was uttered on the following occasion: Keys Ibn-'Ásim El-Minkaree and EzZibrikán Ibn-Bedr and 'Amr Ibn-El-Ahtam came to the Prophet, who asked 'Amr respecting EzZibrikán; whereupon he spoke well of him: but Ez-Zibrikán was not content with this, and said, “ By God, O apostle of God, he knows that I am more excellent than he has said; but he envies the place that I have in thine estimation: ” and thereupon 'Amr spoke ill of him; and then said, “ By God, I did not lie of him in the first saying nor in the other; but he pleased me, and I spoke as pleased; then he angered me, and I spoke as angered: ” then Mohammad uttered the above-mentioned words. (TA.) Their meaning is, but God knows best, he praises the man, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn the hearts of the hearers to him, (K,) or to what he says; (TA;) and he dispraises him, speaking truth respecting him, so as to turn their hearts also to him, (K,) or to what he says after. (TA.) A' Obeyd says nearly the same. Or, as some say, the meaning is, that there is an eloquence that is sinful like سِحْر . (TA.) Also Skill; science: Mohammad said, مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ النُّجُومِ فَقَدْ تَعَلَّمَ بَابًا مِنَ السِّحْرِ [He who learneth a process of the science of the stars (meaning astrology or astronomy) learneth a process of enchantment], which may mean that the science of the stars is forbidden to be learned, like the science of enchantment, and that the learning of it is an act of infidelity: or it may mean that it is skill, and science; referring to what is acquired thereof by way of calculation; as the knowledge of eclipses of the sun or moon, and the like. (ISd, TA.) Also Food; aliment; nutriment: so called because its effect is subtile. (TA.) غَيْثٌ ذُو سِحْرٍ means Superabundant rain. (TA.)

Nounسَحَرٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the time a little before daybreak; whiteness over blackness; the edge of a desertgenerated

See سَحْرٌ, in two places.

2figurative · مجازthe time a little before daybreak—سَحْرٌ

the time a little before daybreak—سُحُرٌ

the time a little before daybreak—سَحَرِىٌّ

the time a little before daybreak—سَحَرِيَّةٌ

Or simply before daybreak; or the last part of the night; or the last sixth of the night.

The plural of سَحَرٌ, of سَحْرٌ and of سُحُرٌ is أَسْحَارٌ.

The سَحَر is so called because it is the time when the night departs and the day comes, so that it is the مُتَنَفَّس [lit. the “ time of the breathing, ” by which is meant the “ shining forth, ”] of the dawn.

There are two times each so called: one, specially called السَّحَرُ الأَعْلَى [or the earlier سَحَر], is before daybreak, or a little before daybreak; the other is at daybreak — as one says “ the false dawn ” and “ the true. ”

The earlier سَحَر is also called سُحْرَةٌ; or the سُحْرَة is the same as the سَحَر; or it is the last third of the night, up to daybreak.

[I came to him a little before daybreak]—أَتَيْتُهُ بِسَحَرٍ

Using سَحَر indeterminately, you make it fully declinable.

[in the earlier سَحَر]—بِسُحْرَةٍ

[He remained with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]—سَحَرًا

the same—سُحْرَةً

the same—سَحَرًا مِنَ الأَسْحَارِ

the same—مَا زَالَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ السَّحَرِ

[I met him in the earlier سَحَر]—لَقِيتُهُ بِالسَّحَرِ الأَعْلَى

But بِأَعْلَى سَحَرٍ, a phrase used by El-ʿAjjáj, is wrong.

the same—بِأَعْلَى سَحَرَيْنِ

the same—بِأَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ

the same—فِى أَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ

This agrees with the phrase in the Qurʾān 54:34.

[I met him a little before daybreak of this last night]—لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرِىَّ هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ

the same—سَحَرِيَّتَهَا

[I met him a little before daybreak this last night, man]—لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرَ يَا هٰذَا

When by سَحَر alone you mean the سَحَر of the night immediately preceding, you say this, making it imperfectly declinable because it is altered from السَّحَرَ, or because it stands for بِالسَّحَرِ; and it is thus determinate by itself, without being prefixed to another noun and without ال.

the same—بِسَحَرَ

[Ride out on your horse a little before daybreak this night, young man]—سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سَحَرَ يَا فَتَى

So in the TA; but in two copies of the S, instead of سِرْ I find سِيرَ.

You do not make it terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ, &c.,] because it is an adverbial noun which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise.

[I met him in the earlier سَحَر of this last night, man]—لَقِيتُهُ سُحْرَةَ يَا هٰذَا

[Ride out on your horse a very little before daybreak]—سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سُحَيْرًا

If you make سَحَر the proper name of a man, it is fully declinable; and so is the diminutive, for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original form, like أُخَرُ.

So in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the S, instead of سِرْ I find سِيرَ.

You do not make it terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ, &c.,] because its being of the diminutive form does not bring it into the class of adverbial nouns which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns that are fully declinable.

Qur’ān 54:34 approximate — somewhere between 54:31 and 54:55 Lane cites “Kur liv. 34”

Qur’ān 54:34 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root

إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَاصِبًا إِلَّآ ءَالَ لُوطٍ ۖ نَّجَّيْنَـٰهُم بِسَحَرٍ

We sent against them a violent Tornado with showers of stones, (which destroyed them), except Lut's household: them We delivered by early Dawn,-Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2.1figurative · مجازwhiteness spreading over blackness—سَحَرٌ

Like صَحَرٌ, except that the first is used mostly of the time of daybreak so called, and the second of colours, as when one says حِمَارٌ أَصْحَرُ.

whiteness spreading over blackness—سُحْرَةٌ

It is the same as صُحْرَةٌ.

2.2figurative · مجاز

Also the far edge of a desert, and of the earth or a land, or of anything; from the time of night so called. Plural أَسْحَارٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences سَحَر

3:17

ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ وَٱلصَّـٰدِقِينَ وَٱلْقَـٰنِتِينَ وَٱلْمُنفِقِينَ وَٱلْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِٱلْأَسْحَارِ

Those who show patience, Firmness and self-control; who are true (in word and deed); who worship devoutly; who spend (in the way of Allah); and who pray for forgiveness in the early hours of the morning.

51:18

وَبِٱلْأَسْحَارِ هُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ

And in the hour of early dawn, they (were found) praying for Forgiveness;

54:34

إِنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَاصِبًا إِلَّآ ءَالَ لُوطٍ ۖ نَّجَّيْنَـٰهُم بِسَحَرٍ

We sent against them a violent Tornado with showers of stones, (which destroyed them), except Lut's household: them We delivered by early Dawn,-

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحْرٌ , in two places. Also, (S, A, Mgh, Msb, K, &c.,) and سَحْرٌ , (TA,) and سُحُرٌ , (Msb,) and سَحَرِىٌّ , and سَحَرِيَّةٌ , (K,) The time a little before daybreak: (S, K:) or [simply] before daybreak: (Msb:) or the last part of the night: (Lth, Mgh:) or the last sixth of the night: (Mgh:) the pl. of سَحَرٌ (Msb) and of سَحْرٌ (TA) and of سُحُرٌ , (Msb,) is أَسْحَارٌ : (Msb, K, TA:) the سَحَر is thus met. called because it is the time of the departure of the night and the coming of the day; so that it is the مُتَنَفَّس [lit. the “ time of the breathing, ” by which is meant the “ shining forth, ”] of the dawn: (A:) there are two times of which each is thus called; one, which is [specially] called السَّحَرُ الأَعْلَى , [or the earlier سَحَر ,] (A, Mgh,) is before daybreak; (Mgh;) or a little before daybreak: (A:) and the other, at daybreak: (A, Mgh:) like as one says “ the false dawn ” and “ the true: ” (A:) the earlier سَحَر is also called سُحْرَةٌ : (S, K:) or the سُحْرَة is the same as the سَحَر : or it is the last third of the night, to daybreak. (TA.) Using سَحَر indeterminately, you make it perfectly decl., and say, أَتَيْتُهُ بِسَحَرٍ [I came to him a little before daybreak], agreeably with the phrase in the Kur liv. 34; (S;) and in like manner, بِسُحْرَةٍ [in the earlier سَحَر ]: (S, K:) you also say سَحَرًا , and سُحْرَةً , (A,) and سَحَرًا مِنَ الأَسْحَارِ : and مَا زَالَ عِنْدَنَا مُنْذُ السَّحَرِ [He ceased not to be with us, or at our abode, from a little before daybreak]: and لَقِيتُهُ بِالسَّحَرِ الأَعْلَى , and بِأَعْلَى سَحَرَيْنِ , and بِأَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ , (TA,) and فِى أَعْلَى السَّحَرَيْنِ , (A, TA,) [I met him in the earlier سَحَر ;] but بِأَعْلَى سَحَرٍ , a phrase used by El-'Ajjáj, is erroneous: (TA:) and لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرِىَّ هٰذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ and سَحَرِيَّتَهَا [I met him in the time a little before daybreak of this last night]. (TA.) When, by سَحَر alone, you mean the سَحَر of the night immediately preceding, you say, لَقِيتُهُ سَحَرَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him a little before daybreak this last night, O thou man], (S, K,) making it imperfectly decl. because it is altered from السَّحَرَ , (S,) or because it is for بِالسَّحَرِ ; (TA;) and it is thus determinate by itself, (S, K,) without its being prefixed to another noun and without ال : (S:) and in the same sense you say بِسَحَرَ : (TA:) and you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سَحَرَ يَا فَتَى [Go thou on thy horse a little before daybreak this night, O youth: so in the TA; but in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ and بَعْدُ &c.,] because it is an adv. n. which, in a place where it is fitting to be such, may not be used otherwise than as such: (S:) and [in like manner] you say, لَقِيتُهُ سُحْرَةَ يَا هٰذَا [I met him in the earlier سَحَر of this last night, O thou man]. (TA.) If you make سَحَر the proper name of a man, it is perfectly decl.: and so is the dim.; for it is not of the measure of a noun made to deviate from its original from, like أُخَرُ : you say, سِرْ عَلَى فَرَسِكَ سُحَيْرًا [Go thou on thy horse a very little before daybreak: so in the TA; but here again, in two copies of the S, for سِرْ I find سِيرَ ]: you do not make it to terminate with damm, [like قَبْلُ &c.,] because its being made of the dim. form does not bring it into the class of adv. ns. which may also be used as nouns absolutely, though it does bring it into the class of nouns which are perfectly declinable. (S, TA.) سَحَرٌ also signifies Whiteness overspreading blackness; (K;) like صَحَرٌ ; except that the former is mostly used in relation to the time so called, of daybreak; and the latter, in relation to colours, as when one says حِمَارٌ أَصْحَرُ ; (TA;) and سُحْرَةٌ signifies the same; (TA;) i. q. صُحْرَةٌ . (K.) And The extremity (T, A, K) of a desert, (T,) and of the earth or a land, (A,) or of anything: (K:) from the time of night so called: (A:) pl. أَسْحَارٌ . (T, A, K.)

Nounسَحِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the lungs, or lightsgenerated

See سَحِيرٌ.

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحِيرٌ .

Nounسُحُرٌ1 sense

Core sense — the lungs, or lightsgenerated

See سَحَرٌ, first sentence, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحَرٌ , first sentence, in two places.

Nounسُحْرَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — the time a little before daybreakgenerated

See سَحْرٌ.

And see سَحَرٌ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحْرٌ : and سَحَرٌ , in five places.

Nounسَحَرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — the time a little before daybreakgenerated

This word, and سَحَرِيَّةٌ: see سَحَرٌ, each in two places.

Show Lane's original text

and سَحَرِيَّةٌ : see سَحَرٌ ; each in two places.

Nounسَحُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — a meal, or a draught of milk, taken a little before daybreakgenerated

A meal, or food, or particularly سَوِيق [generally meaning meal of parched barley], eaten at the time called the سَحَر; or a draught of milk drunk at that time.

It is mentioned repeatedly in the traditions [relating to Ramaḍán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], mostly in this form; but some say that in those places it is correctly with damm, that is, سُحُور, because the blessing and the recompense have to do with the action and not with the food.

Show Lane's original text

A meal, or food, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or [particularly] سَوِيق [generally meaning meal of parched barley], that is eaten at the time called the سَحَر ; (S, * Mgh, Msb, K* TA;) or a draught of milk that is drunk at that time. (TA.) It is repeatedly mentioned in trads. [relating to Ramadán, when the Muslim is required to be exact in the time of this meal], and mostly as above; but some say that it is correctly [in these cases] with damm, [i. e. سُحُور , which see below,] because the blessing and recompense have respect to the action, and not to the food. (TA.)

Nounسُحُورٌ1 sense

Core sense — the eating of the meal taken a little before daybreakgenerated

A maṣdar with no verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-maṣdar, since its verb is تَسَحَّرَ: the eating of the meal, or food, or the drinking of the draught of milk, called the سَحُور [q. v.].

Show Lane's original text

, an inf. n. [without a verb properly belonging to it, or rather a quasi-inf. n., for its verb is تَسَحَّرَ ], (TA,) The act of eating the meal, or food, [or drinking the draught of milk,] called the سَحُور [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.)

Nounسَحِيرٌ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a man whose lungs are ruptured; a horse large in the bellygenerated

See مَسْحُورٌ.

1.1

Also a man having his lungs ruptured; and so سَحِرٌ.

1.2

And having a complaint of the belly, from pain of the lungs.

1.3

And a horse large in the belly, or in the جَوْف [which often means the chest].

[And an arrow wounding the lungs: so according to Freytag in the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”]

Show Lane's original text

: see مَسْحُورٌ . Also A man having his lungs ( سَحْرُهُ ) ruptured; and so سَحِرٌ . (TA.) And Having a complaint of the belly, (K, TA,) from pain of the lungs. (TA.) And A horse large in the belly, (K,) or in the جَوْف [which often means the chest]. (TA.) [And An arrow wounding the lungs: so accord. to Freytag in the “ Deewán el-Hudhaleeyeen. ”]

Nounسُحَيْرًا1 sense

Core sense — a very little before daybreakgenerated

See سَحَرٌ, in the latter half of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text

: see سَحَرٌ , in the latter half of the paragraph.

Nounسُحَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the lungs and windpipe of a sheep or goat, thrown away by the butchergenerated

The parts of a sheep or goat that the butcher plucks out and throws away: the lungs, or lights, and the windpipe, and what hangs to these.

Show Lane's original text

The parts, of a sheep or goat, that the butcher plucks out (K, TA) and throws away, (TA,) consisting of the lungs, or lights, ( سَحْر ) and the windpipe, (K, TA,) and the appendages of these. (TA.)

Nounسَحَّارٌ1 sense

Core sense — an enchanter, one who enchants muchgenerated

See سَاحِرٌ, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences سَحَّار

26:37

يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَحَّارٍ عَلِيمٍ

"And bring up to thee all (our) sorcerers well-versed."

Show Lane's original text

: see سَاحِرٌ , in two places.

Nounسَحَّارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a child's plaything that shows a different colour each way it is pulledgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

A certain plaything of children, with a string attached to it: pulled in one direction it turns out to be of one colour, and pulled in another direction it turns out to be of another colour.

It is also called سَحْرٌ, and anything like it is called by the first name. So says Lth.

Show Lane's original text

A certain plaything of children; (A, K, TA;) having a string attached to it; (A;) which, when extended in one direction, turns out to be of one colour; and when extended in another direction, turns out to be of another colour: (A, * TA:) it is also called سَحْرٌ : and whatever. resembles it is called by the former appellation: so says Lth. (TA.)

Nounسَاحِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an enchanter; knowing, skilful, or intelligentgenerated

1figurative · مجاز[She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye]—لَهَا عَيْنٌ سَاحِرَةٌ

An enchanter; a man who practises سِحْر; also سَحَّارٌ, in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency.

The plural of the first is سَحَرَةٌ and سُحَّارٌ; of the second, only سَحَّارُونَ, since it has no broken plural.

[enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]—عُيُونٌ سَوَاحِرُ

[A land of delusive mirage]—أَرْضٌ سَاحِرَةُ السَّرَابِ

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And knowing, skilful, or intelligent.

Qur’ānic occurrences سَٰحِر 2 shown of 21

7:112

يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَـٰحِرٍ عَلِيمٍ

And bring up to thee all (our) sorcerers well-versed."

7:120

وَأُلْقِىَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ سَـٰجِدِينَ

But the sorcerers fell down prostrate in adoration.

Show Lane's original text

[An enchanter;] a man who practices سِحْر ; as also سَحَّارٌ [in an intensive sense, or denoting habit or frequency]: pl. of the former سَحَرَةٌ and سُحَّارٌ ; and of ↓ the latter, سَحَّارُونَ only, for it has no broken pl. (TA.) [Hence,] one says, لَهَا عَيْنٌ سَاحِرَةٌ [She has an enchanting, or a fascinating, eye], and عُيُونٌ سَوَاحِرُ [enchanting, or fascinating, eyes]. (A, TA.) And أَرْضٌ سَاحِرَةُ السَّرَابِ [A land of delusive mirage].(A, TA.) And Knowing, skilful, or intelligent. (S, * TA.)

Nounمُسَحَّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — having lungs, a human being; enchanted repeatedly; diverted with food and drinkgenerated

Its plural occurs in the Qurʾān 26:153 and 185.

Having سُحْر or سَحْر [i. e. lungs]; or created with سَحْر [or lungs]; that is, a human being.

Or diverted [from want] with food and drink; this seems to be implied by the explanation in the K.

Or hollow; so Fr.

Or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or made unsound; or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome. [See also مَسْحُورٌ.]

Or deceived, deluded, beguiled, or outwitted.

Qur’ān 26:154 approximate — somewhere between 26:20 and 26:189 Lane cites “Kur xxvi. 153”

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, of which the pl. occurs in the Kur xxvi. 153 and 185, means Having سُحْر or سَحْر [i. e. lungs]; (Bd, TA;) or created with سَحْر [or lungs]; (S;) i. e. a human being: (Bd:) or diverted [from want] with food and drink: (S, * TA:) and this seems to be implied by the explanation in the K; which is hollow; from Fr: (TA:) or enchanted time after time, so that his intellect is disordered, or rendered unsound: (A, TA:) or enchanted much, so that his reason is overcome: (Bd, Jel:) [see also مَسْحُورٌ :] or deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted. (TA.)

Nounمَسْحُورٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — hurt in the lungs, or in the heart; enchanted; spoilt, as food or landgenerated

Having his lungs, or his heart, hit, or hurt; and so سَحِيرٌ [q. v.].

1.1figurative · مجاز

[Enchanted, or fascinated.]

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect].

[See also مُسَحَّرٌ.]

1.3figurative · مجاز

Food marred, or spoilt, in the making of it.

Herbage marred, or spoilt; a place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage.

Az: the feminine, with ة, means land marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage. ISh: land in which there is little milk, that is, land without herbage. Z: land that produces no herbage.

1.4figurative · مجاز

And the feminine, applied to a she-goat: having little milk; or large in her udder, but having little milk.

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Having his lungs ( سَحْرُهُ ), or his heart ( سُحْرَتُهُ ), hit, or hurt; as also سَحِيرٌ [q. v.]. (TA.) [ Enchanted, or fascinated.] Deprived of his reason or intellect; corrupted or disordered [in his intellect]. (IAar, Sh.) [See also مُسَحَّرٌ .] Food ( طَعَامٌ ) marred, or spoilt, (K, TA,) in the making thereof. (TA.) Herbage marred, or spoilt. (TA.) A place marred, or spoilt, by much rain, or by scantiness of herbage. (K.) The fem., with ة , accord. to Az, signifies Land ( أَرْضٌ ) marred, or spoilt, by superabundant rain, or by scantiness of herbage: accord. to ISh, land in which is little milk; i. e. [because] without herbage: accord. to Z, [in the A,] land that produces no herbage. (TA.) And the fem., applied to a she-goat, Having little milk: (A, TA:) or large in her udder, but having little milk. (Ham p. 26.)

Nounمَسَاحِرُ1 sense

Core sense — the lungs, or lightsgenerated

See سَحْرٌ, second sentence.

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: see سَحْرٌ , second sentence.