Form 1زَلَفَ2 senses
Core sense — he did it beforehand; he approached, drew neargenerated
1.1
See form 2.
1.2
See also form 8, in three places.
Show Lane's original text
: see 2: and see also 8, in three places.
زلف
Form 2زلّفهُ3 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَزْلِيفٌ
Core sense — he did it beforehand; he exaggerated in what he saidgenerated
2.1he did it beforehand, for instance an evil action—زَلَفَهُ
.
Synonymous with أَسْلَفَهُ and قَدَّمَهُ.
2.1.1he disquieted, or agitated, the people, step by step—زلّف النَّاسَ
Maṣdar as above. Ibn-ʿAbbād.
According to Z, said of a guide.
2.1.2he added to, or exaggerated in, what he said—زلّف فِى حَدِيثِهِ
Maṣdar as above.
Also ذرّف in the same sense.
Show Lane's original text
, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَزْلِيفٌ , (O,) He did it previously, or beforehand; namely, a thing; (IAar, O, TA;) as, for instance, an evil action; (O, TA;) and so زَلَفَهُ ; (IAar, TA;) syn. أَسْلَفَهُ , (O, TA,) and قَدَّمَهُ . (IAar, O, TA.) زلّف النَّاسَ , inf. n. as above, He disquieted, or agitated, the people, step by step: (Ibn-'Abbád, Z, O, TA:) accord. to Z, said of a guide. (TA.) زلّف فِى حَدِيثِهِ , (inf. n. as above, K,) He added, or exaggerated, in his discourse, or narration; (IDrd, O, K;) as also ذرّف . (IDrd, O.)
Form 4ازلفهُ2 senses · 1 main
Core sense — he brought, or drew, it near; he collected it togethergenerated
4.1and Paradise will be brought near to the pious—وَأُزْلِفَتِ ٱلْجَنَّةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ
He brought, or drew, him, or it, near, namely a thing.
In the Qur'ān 26:90 and 50:30. According to Zj, the meaning is that their entrance into it, and their sight of it, will become near.
[ازدلف بِهِ also has the same meaning as ازلفه, in agreement with analogy, as what follows shows.]
[There is not remaining to you, of your life, anything but a pleasure that brings you near to your appointed term]—مَا لَكَ مِنْ عَيْشِكَ إِلَّا لَذَّةٌ تَزْدَلِفُ بِكَ إِلَى حِمَامِكَ
Said in a tradition of Moḥammad El-Bāqir.
he, or it, brought him near to destruction—ازدلفهُ
4.1.1[And we collected there the others]—وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الآخَرِينَ
In the Qur'ān 26:64.
Also: he collected it together, namely a thing.
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4 2 shown of 4
26:64
وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ ٱلْـَٔاخَرِينَAnd We made the other party approach thither.
81:13
وَإِذَا ٱلْجَنَّةُ أُزْلِفَتْAnd when the Garden is brought near;-
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
He made, brought, or drew, him, or it, (namely, a thing, TA,) near. (S, Mgh, Msb, TA.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 90 and 1. 30], وَأُزْلِفَتِ ٱلْجَنَّةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ And Paradise shall be brought near to the pious: meaning, accord. to Zj, that their entrance thereinto shall become near, and their view thereof. (TA.) [ ازدلف بِهِ also signifies the same as ازلفه (agreeably with analogy); as is shown by what here follows:] it is said in a trad. of Mohammad El-Bákir, مَا لَكَ مِنْ عَيْشِكَ إِلَّا لَذَّةٌ تَزْدَلِفُ بِكَ إِلَى حِمَامِكَ [i. e. There is not remaining to thee, of thy life, save a pleasure that brings thee near to thy predestined term]. (O, TA.) And ازدلفهُ means He, or it, brought him near to destruction. (TA.) Also He collected it together; (Msb, TA;) namely, a thing. (Msb.) Hence, in the Kur [xxvi. 64], وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الآخَرِينَ [And we collected there the others]. (TA.)
Form 5تَزَلَّفَ1 sense
Core sense — he approached, he drew neargenerated
5.1
See the next entry.
Show Lane's original text
see the next paragraph.
Form 8اِزْدَلَفَ2 senses
Core sense — he approached, drew near; he advanced, went forwardgenerated
8.1he, or they, approached, or drew near—اِزْدَلَفُوا
Originally اِزْتَلَفَ.
Also تزلّفوا in the same sense.
In the K, تَفَرَّقُوا is put by mistake for تَقَرَّبُوا.
Or: he advanced; he went forward, or before.
Construed with إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it], and with مِنْهُ, which means the same, as after دَنَا and the like.
[And زَلَفَ and زَلَفُوا, maṣdar apparently زَلْفٌ and زَلَفٌ, seem to mean the same.]
he drew near to him, or it—زَلَفَ إِلَيْهِ
we advanced, or went forward, to him, or it—زَلَفْنَا لَهُ
advancing, or going forward, from place to place—زَلْفٌ
Also زَلَفٌ in the same sense.
the arrow approached, or drew near, to such a thing—ازدلف السَّهْمُ إِلَى كَذَا
[When the sun declines from the meridian, then seek to draw near to God by a prayer of two rakʿahs]—فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَٱْزْدَلِفْ إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ فِيهِ بِرَكْعَتَيْنِ
Said in a tradition, meaning تَقَرَّبْ.
8.2
See also form 4, in two places.
Show Lane's original text
, (Mgh, Msb,) originally اِزْتَلَفَ , (Msb,) or اِزْدَلَفُوا , and تزلّفوا , (S, O, L, K,) He, or they, approached, or drew near: (Mgh, O, L, Msb, TA: in the K, تَفَرَّقُوا is erroneously put for تَقَرَّبُوا : TA:) or (O, accord. to the K “ and ”) advanced; or went forward, or before: (S, O, K:) إِلَيْهِ [to him, or it], (Mgh, K,) and مِنْهُ [which means the same, as after دَنَا &c.]: (TA, and Har p. 452:) [and زَلَفَ and زَلَفُوا , inf. n. app. زَلْفٌ and زَلَفٌ , signify the same: for] you say also, زَلَفَ إِلَيْهِ He drew near to him, or it: and زَلَفْنَا لَهُ We advanced, or went forward, to him, or it: (TA:) and زَلْفٌ signifies the act of advancing, or going forward, (A'Obeyd, S, TA,) from place to place; as also زَلَفٌ . (TA.) One says, ازدلف السَّهْمُ إِلَى كَذَا The arrow approached, or drew near, to such a thing. (Msb.) And it is said in a trad., فَإِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَٱْزْدَلِفْ إِلَى ٱللّٰهِ فِيهِ بِرَكْعَتَيْنِ , meaning تَقَرَّبْ [i. e., When the sun declines from the meridian, then seek thou to draw near unto God therein by means of the prayers of two rek'ahs]. (TA.) See also 4, in two places.
Derived nouns 13
Nounزَلْفٌ1 sense
Core sense — a meadowgenerated
1
See زُلْفَةٌ.
Show Lane's original text
: see زُلْفَةٌ .
Nounزُلْفٌ1 sense
Core sense — a portion of the first part of the nightgenerated
1
For its accusative case, see زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of that entry.
Show Lane's original text
: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ , near the end of the paragraph.
Nounزِلْفٌ1 sense
Core sense — a meadowgenerated
1[Then God will send rain, and it will wash the earth so that it will leave it like a meadow]—ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ ٱللّٰهُ مَطَرًا فَيَغْسِلُ الأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَهَا كَالزَّلَفَةِ
A meadow; the same as رَوْضَةٌ.
زَلَفَةٌ has the same meaning, and is so explained where it occurs in a tradition about Yājūj and Mājūj.
But several other meanings are assigned to it in this instance: see زَلَفَةٌ below.
Show Lane's original text
A meadow; syn. رَوْضَةٌ ; (TS, K;) and so زَلَفَةٌ : (IB, TA:) thus the latter is expl. as occurring in a trad. relating to Ya-jooj and Ma-jooj, in which it is said, ثُمَّ يُرْسِلُ ٱللّٰهُ مَطَرًا فَيَغْسِلُ الأَرْضَ حَتَّى يَتْرُكَهَا كَالزَّلَفَةِ [Then God will send rain, and it will wash the earth so that it will leave it like the meadow]: but in this instance, several other meanings are assigned to it: see زَلَفَةٌ below. (TA.)
Nounزَلَفٌ2 senses
Core sense — full reservoirs of water; smooth rocksgenerated
1
See زُلْفَةٌ, in two places.
2
See also زَلَفَةٌ, in five places.
Show Lane's original text
: see زُلْفَةٌ , in two places: and see also زَلَفَةٌ , in five places.
Nounزُلُفٌ1 sense
Core sense — portions of the first part of the nightgenerated
1
For its accusative case, see زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of that entry.
Show Lane's original text
: see its accus. case voce زُلْفَةٌ , near the end of the paragraph.
Nounزُلْفَةٌ3 senses · 2 main
Core sense — nearness in rank; station, degree; a portion of the first part of the nightgenerated
1nearness in rank, degree, or station—قُرْبَةٌ
Also زُلْفَى and زَلَفٌ.
But when they shall see it in a state of nearness—فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَةً
[It would seem that it means also nearness with respect to place or situation, since SM immediately adds:]
In the Qur'ān 67:27.
Zj says the meaning is: but when they shall see it, that is, the punishment, near.
Several authors say that زُلْفَةٌ is sometimes used in the sense of قَرِيبٌ, as is stated in the ʿInāyeh.
Also: station, rank, grade, or degree; as also زُلْفَى and زَلْفٌ and زَلَفٌ; the plural of the first is زُلَفٌ.
And neither your riches nor your children are what will bring you near to us in advancement—وَمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ بِٱلَّتِى تُقَرِّبُكُمْ عِنْدِنَا زُلْفَى
Or زُلْفَى is a quasi-maṣdar, and it is such in this saying in the Qur'ān 34:36.
As though meaning ٱزْدِلَافًا; but here it may well be rendered "in station".
According to Ibn-ʿArafeh, زُلْفَى means bringing very near.
Ibn-Et-Tilimsānee's statement that it is the plural of زُلْفَةٌ is very strange and unknown; the correct plural of that word is زُلَفٌ.
1.1and at sunset and nightfall—وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ
Also: a portion of the first part of the night, whether small or large, according to Th; or, according to Akh, of the night generally.
Plural زُلَفٌ, زُلَفَاتٌ, زُلُفَاتٌ and زُلْفَاتٌ.
Or زُلَفٌ means the hours, or periods, of the night, beginning from the daytime, and the hours, or periods, of the daytime, beginning from the night; its singular is زُلْفَةٌ.
In the Qur'ān 11:116, meaning the مَغْرِب and the عِشَآء.
Some read زُلُفًا, with two ḍammas, which may be a singular, like حُلُمٌ, or a plural of زُلْفَةٌ, as بُسُرٌ is of بُسُرَةٌ, with ḍamma to the س in each.
[But this is not a parallel case, for بُسُرٌ is a collective noun of which بُسُرَةٌ is the ism waḥda, and the latter is not of the same measure as زُلْفَةٌ.]
Some read زُلْفًا, which is a plural, or rather a collective noun, of زُلْفَةٌ, as دُرٌّ is of دُرَّةٌ; or a plural of زَلِيفٌ, as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ and غُرْبٌ of غَرِيبٌ.
And some read زُلْفَى, in which the alif [written ى] marks the feminine gender.
2
See also the next entry.
Qur’ānic occurrences زُلْفَة
11:114
وَأَقِمِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ طَرَفَىِ ٱلنَّهَارِ وَزُلَفًا مِّنَ ٱلَّيْلِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلْحَسَنَـٰتِ يُذْهِبْنَ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ ذِكْرَىٰ لِلذَّٰكِرِينَAnd establish regular prayers at the two ends of the day and at the approaches of the night: For those things, that are good remove those that are evil: Be that the word of remembrance to those who remember (their Lord):
67:27
فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَةً سِيٓـَٔتْ وُجُوهُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ وَقِيلَ هَـٰذَا ٱلَّذِى كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَدَّعُونَAt length, when they see it close at hand, grieved will be the faces of the Unbelievers, and it will be said (to them): "This is (the promise fulfilled), which ye were calling for!"
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
i. q. قُرْبَةٌ [i. e. Nearness, with respect to rank, degree, or station]; (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K;) as also زُلْفَى , (S, Mgh, O, Msb,) and زَلَفٌ . (IDrd, O, K.) [It would seem that it means also Nearness with respect to place or situation: for SM immediately adds,] hence, in the Kur [lxvii. 27], فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ زُلْفَةً , [as though meaning But when they shall see it in a state of nearness: but] Zj says that the meaning is, but when they shall see it (i. e. the punishment) near ( قَرِيبًا ): and several authors say that زُلْفَةٌ is sometimes used in the sense of قَرِيبٌ , as is stated in the 'Ináyeh. (TA.) And Station, rank, grade, or degree; as also زُلْفَى , (S, O, K, TA,) and زَلْفٌ , (TS, K,) and زَلَفٌ : (K, TA:) pl. of the first زُلَفٌ : (S, * TA:) or (K) زُلْفَى is a quasi-inf. n.; (S, K;) and such it is in the saying in the Kur [xxxiv. 36], وَمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ بِٱلَّتِى تُقَرِّبُكُمْ عِنْدِنَا زُلْفَى , as though meaning ٱزْدِلَافًا [i. e. And neither your riches nor your children are what will bring you near to us in advancement: but here it may be well rendered, in station]: (S:) accord. to Ibn- 'Arafeh, زُلْفَى signifies the bringing very near: (TA:) the saying of Ibn-El-Tilimsánee that it is pl. of زُلْفَةٌ is very strange, and unknown; the correct pl. of this last word being زُلَفٌ . (MF, TA.) Also A portion (S, K) of the first part (S) of the night, (S, K,) whether small or large: so accord. to Th: or, accord. to Akh, of the night absolutely: (TA:) pl. زُلَفٌ and زُلَفَاتٌ (S, K) and زُلُفَاتٌ and زُلْفَاتٌ : or زُلَفٌ signifies the hours, or periods, ( سَاعَات ,) of the night, commencing from the daytime, and the hours, or periods, of the daytime, commencing from the night: (K:) and its sing. is زُلْفَةٌ . (TA.) وَزُلَفًا مِنَ اللَّيْلِ , in the Kur [xi. 116], means And at sunset and nightfall (the مَغْرِب and the عِشَآء ): (Zj, TA:) some read زُلُفًا , with two dammehs; which may be a sing., like حُلُمٌ ; or a pl. of زُلْفَةٌ , like as بُسُرٌ is of بُسُرَةٌ , with damm to the س in each: [but this is not a parallel instance; for بُسُرٌ is a coll. gen. n. of which بُسُرَةٌ is the n. un., and the latter is not of the same measure as زُلْفَةٌ :] and some read زُلْفًا , which is a pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] of زُلْفَةٌ , like as دُرٌّ is of دُرَّةٌ ; (K, TA;) or pl. of زَلِيفٌ , like as قُرْبٌ is of قَرِيبٌ , and غُرْبٌ of غَرِيبٌ : (TA:) and some read زُلْفَى , in which the alif [written ى ] is a denotative of the fem. gender. (K, TA.) See also the next paragraph.
Nounزَلَفَةٌ5 senses · 1 main
Core sense — a full reservoir of water; a smooth rock; a mirrorgenerated
1a full reservoir of water—مَصْنَعَة
Plural, or rather collective noun, زَلَفٌ; so according to Sh in the tradition mentioned under زِلْفٌ.
Or زَلَفٌ means full watering-troughs, as the plural, or collective noun, of زَلَفَةٌ; or a full watering-trough.
a bowl—صَحْفَة
And so زُلْفَةٌ, of which the plural is زُلَفٌ. Ibn-ʿAbbād.
Or a full صَحْفَة; its plural, or collective noun, is زَلَفٌ.
a green vessel—إِجَّانَة
So says AO; plural, or collective noun, زَلَفٌ.
مَزَالِفُ likewise means green أَجَاجِين, apparently as an irregular plural of زَلَفَةٌ or of زَلَفٌ, as مَشَابِهُ is of شَبَهٌ; both are also mentioned on the authority of AO.
1.1a mother-of-pearl shell, or an oyster-shell—صَدَفَةٌ
Kt says that الزَّلَفَة in the tradition mentioned above under زِلْفٌ has been explained as meaning the مَحَارَة, that is, the صَدَفَة; but he adds that he does not know this explanation, unless a pool of water is called محارة because the water returns to it and collects in it.
1.2
Also: a smooth rock; so it is also said to mean in the same tradition, and some read الزلقة.
Also rugged ground. Also swept ground. Also an even part of a soft mountain.
The plural, or rather collective noun, in all these senses is زَلَفٌ.
1.3
See also زِلْفٌ.
1.4
Also: a mirror. [In the CK, المَرْأَةُ is put in the place of المِرْآةُ.]
[Like زَلَقَةٌ.] Mentioned by IB on the authority of Aboo-ʿAmr Ez-Zāhid, and by Sgh on that of Ks.
It is also said to mean this in the tradition mentioned above, the earth being likened to a mirror because of its evenness and cleanness; or the face of a mirror, as IAar says.
Show Lane's original text
A full [reservoir of water such as is called] مَصْنَعَة : (S, K:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] زَلَفٌ : (S:) so, accord. to Sh, in the trad. mentioned voce زِلْفٌ : (TA:) or زَلَفٌ signifies full watering-troughs, (K,) as pl. [or coll. gen. n.] of زَلَفَةٌ : (TA:) or a full watering-trough. (K.) Also A [bowl such as is called] صَحْفَة : (K;) and so زُلْفَةٌ ; (Ibn-'Abbád, K;) of which the pl. is زُلَفٌ : (TA:) or a full صَحْفَة ; and its pl. [or coll. gen. n.] is زَلَفٌ . (Lth, TA.) Also A green [vessel of the kind called] إِجَّانَة : (K:) so says AO: pl. [or coll. gen. n.] زَلَفٌ ; and مَزَالِفُ likewise signifies green أَجَاجِين [app. as an anomalous pl. of زَلَفَةٌ or of زَلَفٌ , like as مَشَابِهُ is of شَبَهٌ ]; both, also, mentioned on the authority of AO. (TA.) Also A mother-of-pearl-'shell, or an oyster-shell; syn. صَدَفَةٌ : (K:) Kt says that الزَّلَفَة in the trad. mentioned above voce زِلْفٌ has been expl. as meaning the مَحَارَة , i. e. the صَدَفَة ; but he adds, I know not this explanation, unless a pool of water be called محارة because the water returns ( يَحُورُ ) to it and collects in it. (TA.) Also A smooth rock: (K:) so, too, said to mean in the same trad.: and some read الزلقة . (TA.) And Rugged ground. (K.) And Swept ground. (K.) And An even part of a soft mountain. (K.) Pl. (K) [or rather coll. gen. n.] in all these senses (TA) زَلَفٌ . (K.) See also زِلْفٌ . Also A mirror: (O, K: [in the CK, المَرْأَةُ is put in the place of المِرْآةُ :]) [like زَلَقَةٌ :] mentioned by IB on the authority of Aboo-'Amr Ez-Záhid, and by Sgh on that of Ks: and so, too, it is said to mean in the trad. mentioned above; the earth being likened thereto because of its evenness and cleanness: (TA:) or the face thereof; (K;) as is said by IAar. (TA.)
Nounزُلْفَى1 sense
Core sense — nearness in rank; station, degreegenerated
1
See زُلْفَةٌ, in four places.
Show Lane's original text
: see زُلْفَةٌ , in four places.
Nounعُقْبَةٌ زَلُوفٌ1 sense
Core sense — a far-extending stage of a journeygenerated
1
[A stage of a journey] far-extending; so says IF.
[In the CK, عَقَبَةٌ is erroneously put for عُقْبَةٌ.]
Show Lane's original text
[A stage of a journey] far-extend- ing: (O, K:) so says IF. (O.) [In the CK, عَقَبَةٌ is erroneously put for عُقْبَةٌ .]
Nounزَلِيفٌ1 sense
Core sense — advancing, going forwardgenerated
1
Advancing; or going forward, or before.
[It is said in the TA that المُتَقَدِّمُ, as the explanation of الزَّلِيفُ, is put by mistake in the copies of the K for التَّقَدُّمُ; but this claim seems itself to be mistaken.]
See زُلْفَةٌ, near the end of that entry.
Show Lane's original text
Advancing; or going forward, or before. (O, K. [It is said in the TA that المُتَقَدِّمُ as the explanation of الزَّلِيفُ is erroneously put in the copies of the K for التَّقَدُّمُ : but this assertion is app. itself erroneous.]) See زُلْفَةٌ , near the end of the paragraph.
Nounأَزْلَفُ1 sense
Core sense — nearer in rank or stationgenerated
1
[Explained by Golius, on the authority of the KL, and by Freytag after him, as meaning Parvo naso præditus ejusque recto ac parvo mucrone; this is a mistake for أَذْلَفُ, which is how it is written in my copy of the KL.]
Show Lane's original text
[ expl. by Golius as on the authority of the KL, and by Freytag after him, as meaning Parvo naso præditus ejusque recto ac parvo mucrone, is a mistake for أَذْلَفُ , thus written in my copy of the KL.]
Nounأَزْلَفَةٌ1 sense
Core sense — a small company of peoplegenerated
1
[This, and أَزْلَفَى, explained by Freytag as meaning Copia parva, cœtus hominum parvus, on the authority of El-Meydānee, seem to be mistakes for أَزْفَلَةٌ and أَزْفَلَى.]
Show Lane's original text
[ and أَزْلَفَى expl. by Freytag as meaning Copia parva, cœtus hominum parvus, as on the authority of El-Meydánee, are app. mistakes for أَزْفَلَةٌ and أَزْفَلَى .]
Nounمَزْلَفَةٌ3 senses · 2 main
Core sense — a town between the desert and the cultivated land; a place of ascentgenerated
1
Any town lying between the desert and the cultivated land.
Plural مَزَالِفُ, which is synonymous with بَرَاغِيلُ, meaning the towns that lie between the cultivated land and the desert; or between the desert and the بَحْر [that is, the sea or a great river], such as El-Ambār and El-Qādiseeyeh.
1.1places of ascent; steps, or stairs, by which one ascends—مَزَالِفُ
This is the plural, so called because such things bring one near to the place to which one ascends.
2
For the plural مَزَالِفُ, see also زَلَفَةٌ.
Show Lane's original text
Any town ( قَرْيَةٌ ) that is between the desert and the cultivated land: pl. مَزَالِفُ : (S, * K:) the latter is syn. with بَرَاغِيلُ , signifying the towns ( بِلَاد ) that are between the cultivated land and the desert; (S;) or, between the desert and the بَحْر [i.e. sea or great river]; such as El-Ambár and El-Kádiseeyeh. (M, TA.) [The pl.] مَزَالِفُ also signifies Places of ascent; or steps, or stairs, by which one ascends: (K:) because they bring one near to the place to which he ascends. (TA.) For the pl. مَزَالِفُ , see also زَلَفَةٌ .