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زخرف

Form Q. 1 · Form Q. 2  ·  4 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 4

Form Q. 1زَخْرَفَةٌ1 sense
maṣdarزَخْرَفَةٌ

Core sense — adorning, or decorating, a thing, primarily with goldgenerated

Q. 1.1he adorned, or decorated, the house or chamber, and made it completeزَخْرَفَ البَيْتَ

The adorning, or decorating, of a thing, primarily with زُخْرُف, that is, gold; and hence the adorning of falsehood, or a lie; and the falsifying or adulterating [of speech and the like].

The maṣdar is زَخْرَفَةٌ.

it was adorned, or decoratedزُخْرِفَ
he put the speech into a right and proper stateزَخْرَفَ الكَلَامَ

Said of anything.

This verb is mentioned and explained by Freytag on the authority of the K, in which it is not found in this article.

It also means the same as رَقَّشَهُ [that is, he embellished it, generally meaning with lies]. Mentioned in the article on رقش.

Show Lane's original text
signifies The adorning, ornamenting, decorating, or embellishing, of a thing, (KL, and Har p. 3,) primarily, with زُخْرُف , i. e. gold: (Har ib.:) and hence, (Har,) the adorning, &c., of falsehood, or a lie: (KL, Har:) and the falsifying or adulterating [of speech &c.]. (KL.) You say, زَخْرَفَ البَيْتَ , inf. n. زَخْرَفَةٌ , He adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished, the house, or chamber, &c.; and rendered it complete: and زُخْرِفَ is said of anything as meaning It was adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished. (TA.) And زَخْرَفَ الكَلَامَ He arranged, or rightly disposed, or put into a right or proper state, the speech, or language: (TA:) and i. q. رَقَّشَهُ [i. e. he embellished it; generally meaning, with lies]. (S, A, K, in art. رقش .) [This verb is mentioned and explained by Freytag as on the authority of the K, in which it is not found in this art.]
Form Q. 2تَزَخْرَفَ1 sense

Core sense — he adorned himself, he decorated himselfgenerated

Q. 2.1

Said of a man: he adorned, or decorated, himself.

Show Lane's original text
He (a man) adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished, himself. (TA.)

Derived nouns 2

Nounزُخْرُفٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — gold; any ornament or decoration; embellished speechgenerated

1

Gold: so in the Qur'ān 17:95. According to ISd this is the primary meaning.

Qur’ān 17:93 approximate — somewhere between 17:80 and 17:110 Lane cites “Kur xvii. 95”
Qur’ān 17:93 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
أَوْ يَكُونَ لَكَ بَيْتٌ مِّن زُخْرُفٍ أَوْ تَرْقَىٰ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَن نُّؤْمِنَ لِرُقِيِّكَ حَتَّىٰ تُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا كِتَـٰبًا نَّقْرَؤُهُۥ ۗ قُلْ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّى هَلْ كُنتُ إِلَّا بَشَرًا رَّسُولًا

"Or thou have a house adorned with gold, or thou mount a ladder right into the skies. No, we shall not even believe in thy mounting until thou send down to us a book that we could read." Say: "Glory to my Lord! Am I aught but a man,- a messenger?"Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1

Then applied to any ornament or decoration; anything adorned or decorated.

Applied particularly to the decorations and pictured works, in gold, with which the Kaabeh was ornamented in Pagan times.

Also the colours of the plants or herbage of land, red and yellow and white; its ornature, consisting in blossoms and flowers; or its perfection: so in the Qur'ān 10:25.

Also the furniture, or utensils, of a house or tent.

Qur’ān 10:24 approximate — somewhere between 10:16 and 10:61 Lane cites “Kur x. 25”
Qur’ān 10:24 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا كَمَآءٍ أَنزَلْنَـٰهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَٱخْتَلَطَ بِهِۦ نَبَاتُ ٱلْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلْأَنْعَـٰمُ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَخَذَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ زُخْرُفَهَا وَٱزَّيَّنَتْ وَظَنَّ أَهْلُهَآ أَنَّهُمْ قَـٰدِرُونَ عَلَيْهَآ أَتَىٰهَآ أَمْرُنَا لَيْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا فَجَعَلْنَـٰهَا حَصِيدًا كَأَن لَّمْ تَغْنَ بِٱلْأَمْسِ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

The likeness of the life of the present is as the rain which We send down from the skies: by its mingling arises the produce of the earth- which provides food for men and animals: (It grows) till the earth is clad with its golden ornaments and is decked out (in beauty): the people to whom it belongs think they have all powers of disposal over it: There reaches it Our command by night or by day, and We make it like a harvest clean-mown, as if it had not flourished only the day before! thus do We explain the Signs in detail for those who reflect.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.2the ornature of speech; the fair appearance of speech produced by embellishing it with liesزُخْرُفُ القَوْلِ

So in the Qur'ān 6:112; or it there means varnished falsehoods.

Anything varnished, or embellished with a false colouring, or falsified, is likened to it and so called.

Qur’ān 6:112 approximate — somewhere between 6:105 and 6:125 Lane cites “Kur vi. 112”
Qur’ān 6:112 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِىٍّ عَدُوًّا شَيَـٰطِينَ ٱلْإِنسِ وَٱلْجِنِّ يُوحِى بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ زُخْرُفَ ٱلْقَوْلِ غُرُورًا ۚ وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ مَا فَعَلُوهُ ۖ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ

Likewise did We make for every Messenger an enemy,- evil ones among men and jinns, inspiring each other with flowery discourses by way of deception. If thy Lord had so planned, they would not have done it: so leave them and their inventions alone.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.3the lines, or streaks, seen on the surface of waterزَخَارِفُ

This is the plural of the word.

1.4

Also ships; or ornamented, or decorated, ships; or the ornature of ships, with which they are decorated.

1.5a kind of flying thingزُخْرُفٌ

This is Kr's explanation of the singular.

Also certain insects that fly upon the water, having four legs, resembling the common fly; small flies, having four legs, that fly upon the water.

Qur’ānic occurrences زُخْرُف
6:112
وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلْنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِىٍّ عَدُوًّا شَيَـٰطِينَ ٱلْإِنسِ وَٱلْجِنِّ يُوحِى بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ زُخْرُفَ ٱلْقَوْلِ غُرُورًا ۚ وَلَوْ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ مَا فَعَلُوهُ ۖ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ

Likewise did We make for every Messenger an enemy,- evil ones among men and jinns, inspiring each other with flowery discourses by way of deception. If thy Lord had so planned, they would not have done it: so leave them and their inventions alone.

10:24
إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا كَمَآءٍ أَنزَلْنَـٰهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَٱخْتَلَطَ بِهِۦ نَبَاتُ ٱلْأَرْضِ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلْأَنْعَـٰمُ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَآ أَخَذَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ زُخْرُفَهَا وَٱزَّيَّنَتْ وَظَنَّ أَهْلُهَآ أَنَّهُمْ قَـٰدِرُونَ عَلَيْهَآ أَتَىٰهَآ أَمْرُنَا لَيْلًا أَوْ نَهَارًا فَجَعَلْنَـٰهَا حَصِيدًا كَأَن لَّمْ تَغْنَ بِٱلْأَمْسِ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

The likeness of the life of the present is as the rain which We send down from the skies: by its mingling arises the produce of the earth- which provides food for men and animals: (It grows) till the earth is clad with its golden ornaments and is decked out (in beauty): the people to whom it belongs think they have all powers of disposal over it: There reaches it Our command by night or by day, and We make it like a harvest clean-mown, as if it had not flourished only the day before! thus do We explain the Signs in detail for those who reflect.

17:93
أَوْ يَكُونَ لَكَ بَيْتٌ مِّن زُخْرُفٍ أَوْ تَرْقَىٰ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَلَن نُّؤْمِنَ لِرُقِيِّكَ حَتَّىٰ تُنَزِّلَ عَلَيْنَا كِتَـٰبًا نَّقْرَؤُهُۥ ۗ قُلْ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّى هَلْ كُنتُ إِلَّا بَشَرًا رَّسُولًا

"Or thou have a house adorned with gold, or thou mount a ladder right into the skies. No, we shall not even believe in thy mounting until thou send down to us a book that we could read." Say: "Glory to my Lord! Am I aught but a man,- a messenger?"

43:35
وَزُخْرُفًا ۚ وَإِن كُلُّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمَّا مَتَـٰعُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۚ وَٱلْـَٔاخِرَةُ عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ

And also adornments of gold. But all this were nothing but conveniences of the present life: The Hereafter, in the sight of thy Lord is for the Righteous.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Gold: (Fr, S, M, K:) so in the Kur xvii. 95: and this, accord. to ISd, is the primary meaning. (TA.) Then applied to Any orna- ment, decoration, or embellishment: (ISd, TA:) anything adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished: (Ham p. 784:) and particularly applied to the decorations, and pictured works, in gold, with which the Kaabeh was ornamented in Pagan times. (TA.) The colours of the plants or herbage, of land, (K, TA,) red and yellow and white: its ornature, consisting in blossoms and flowers: or its perfection: so in the Kur x. 25. (TA.) And The furniture, or utensils, of a house or tent. (TA.) Anything varnished, or embellished with a false colouring, or falsified, is likened thereto [and so termed]. (S, TA.) [Hence,] زُخْرُفُ القَوْلِ The ornature of speech; (TA;) the fair appearance, or comeliness, of speech, produced by the embellishing with lies: (K, TA:) so in the Kur vi. 112: (TA:) or it there means varnished falsehoods. (Bd.) [Its pl.] زَخَارِفُ signifies The lines, or streaks, [that are seen on the surface] of water. (S, K.) And Ships: (T, K:) or ornamented, or decorated, ships: (M, TA:) or the ornature of ships, with which they are decorated. ('Eyn, TA.) Also Certain insects that fly upon the water, (T, O, K,) having four legs, resembling the common fly; (O, K;) small flies, having four legs, that fly upon the water: (M, TA:) the sing., زُخْرُفٌ , is expl. by Kr [in the Munjid] as meaning a kind of flying thing. (TA.)
Nounمُزَخْرَفٌ1 sense

Core sense — adorned, ornamented, decoratedgenerated

1

Adorned, ornamented, or decorated. See the verb.

Show Lane's original text
Adorned, ornamented, decorated, or embellished: (S, TA:) [&c.: see the verb.]