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رهب

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 10  ·  26 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 12

Form 1رَهِبَ3 senses · 2 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarرَهَبٌ رَهْبَةٌ

Core sense — he feared, or he feared with cautiongenerated

1.1[in my heart is fear, or cautious fear, of him, or it]—فِى قَلْبِى مِنْهُ رَهْبَةٌ

maṣdar رَهَبٌ, رُهْبٌ, رُهُبٌ, رَهْبٌ, رَهْبَةٌ — or this last is a simple substantive — and رُهْبَانٌ and رَهَبَانٌ.

[in my heart is fear, or cautious fear, of him, or it]—رَهَبٌ

on this sense He feared, or he feared with caution.

Lane cites “Bd in xxviii. 32” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.1.1he feared it, or feared it with caution—رَهِبَهُ

Said of a thing.

Maṣdar رَهْبَةٌ, رُهْبَةٌ, رُهْبٌ and رَهَبٌ, and apparently رَهِبَ مِنْهُ, as seems to be indicated above.

1.2

See also the next entry, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
2:40
يَـٰبَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتِىَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَنْعَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَأَوْفُوا۟ بِعَهْدِىٓ أُوفِ بِعَهْدِكُمْ وَإِيَّـٰىَ فَٱرْهَبُونِ

O Children of Israel! call to mind the (special) favour which I bestowed upon you, and fulfil your covenant with Me as I fulfil My Covenant with you, and fear none but Me.

7:154
وَلَمَّا سَكَتَ عَن مُّوسَى ٱلْغَضَبُ أَخَذَ ٱلْأَلْوَاحَ ۖ وَفِى نُسْخَتِهَا هُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِّلَّذِينَ هُمْ لِرَبِّهِمْ يَرْهَبُونَ

When the anger of Moses was appeased, he took up the tablets: in the writing thereon was guidance and Mercy for such as fear their Lord.

16:51
وَقَالَ ٱللَّهُ لَا تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟ إِلَـٰهَيْنِ ٱثْنَيْنِ ۖ إِنَّمَا هُوَ إِلَـٰهٌ وَٰحِدٌ ۖ فَإِيَّـٰىَ فَٱرْهَبُونِ

Allah has said: "Take not (for worship) two gods: for He is just One Allah: then fear Me (and Me alone)."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, aor. رَهَبَ , inf. n. رَهَبٌ (S, A, * Msb, K) and رُهْبٌ (S, K) and رُهُبٌ (Ksh and Bd in xxviii. 32) and رَهْبٌ (K) and رَهْبَةٌ , (S, A, * K,) or this is a simple subst, (Msb,) and رُهْبَانٌ and رَهَبَانٌ , (K,) He feared: (S, A, Msb, K:) or he feared with caution. (TA.) You say, فِى قَلْبِى مِنْهُ رَهْبَةٌ and رَهَبٌ [In my heart is fear, or cautious fear, of him, or it]. (A.) And رَهِبَهُ , inf. n. رَهْبَةٌ (JK, Mgh) and رُهْبَةٌ and رُهْبٌ and رَهَبٌ ; (JK;) [and app. رَهِبَ مِنْهُ , as seems to be indicated above;] He feared him, or it; (JK, Mgh;) [or feared him, or it, with caution;] namely, a thing. (JK.) See also the next paragraph, in two places.
Form 2رَهَّبَ5 senses · 3 main
maṣdarتَرْهِيبٌ

Core sense — he frightened him; he made him give up a thing; he became fatiguedgenerated

2.1

See form 4.

2.1.1he made him have no desire for such a thing, so that he gave it up—رهّبهُ عَنْ كَذَا

.

The opposite of رَغَّبَهُ فِيهِ, which is used in this sense by post-classical writers, and perhaps by classical authors also.

2.1.2he made him a monk—رهّبهُ

A رَاهِبِ is a monk. This sense too is used by post-classical writers, and Golius mentions it as so used in El-Mekeen's History.

2.2he became fatigued, tired, or weary—رَهَّبَ
he rose, and then lay down upon his breast, from weakness in his backbone—رهب

Said of a man.

Said of a camel. So in the TA, apparently رَهَّبَ, but perhaps رَهَبَ, without teshdeed.

the she-camel was fatigued, or jaded, by travel—رَهَّبَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَقَعَدَ يُحَايِيهَا

He then sat feeding her and treating her well until her spirit returned to her.

Or, according to some copies of the K, يُحَابِيهَا.

but in some copies the verb is an unaugmented triliteral, apparently رَهَبَت.

2.3it was rubbed—رُهِّبَ

Said of an iron head or blade of an arrow and the like.

Apparently so as to be made thin: see رَهْبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
see 4. [Hence, رهّبهُ عَنْ كَذَا , inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ , He made him to have no desire for such a thing; to relinquish it, or abstain from it; contr. of رَغَّبَهُ فِيهِ : used in this sense by postclassical writers, and perhaps by classical authors also. And رهّبهُ He made him a رَاهِبِ , or monk: in this sense likewise used by post-classical writers; and mentioned by Golius as so used in El-Mekeen's History.] رَهَّبَ , said of a man, He was, or became, fatigued, tired, weary, or jaded. (JK.) And رهب , [so in the TA, app. رَهَّبَ , but perhaps رَهَبَ , without teshdeed,] said of a camel, He rose, and then lay down upon his breast, by reason of weakness in his back-bone. (TA.) You say also, رَهَّبَتِ النَّاقَةُ فَقَعَدَ يُحَايِيهَا , (K, TA,) [or, accord. to some copies of the K, يُحَابِيهَا ,] inf. n. تَرْهِيبٌ , (K,) but in some copies the verb is an unaugmented triliteral, [app. رَهَبَت ,] (TA,) The she-camel was fatigued, or jaded, by travel, so he sat feeding her and treating her well until her spirit returned to her. (K, * TA.) رُهِّبَ It (an iron head or blade of an arrow &c.) was rubbed [app. so as to be made thin: see رَهْبٌ ]. (JK.)
Form 4ارهبهُ3 senses
maṣdarإِرْهَابٌ

Core sense — he frightened him, he caused him to feargenerated

4.1figurative · مجازhe, or it, frightened him, or caused him to fear—استرهبهُ
he frightened him, or disquieted and agitated him by frightening him—رهّبهُ
[the skin quivers when frightening comes from him]—يَقْشَعِرُّ الإِهَابُ إِذَا وَقَعَ مِنْهُ الإِرْهَابُ
[his valour and courage frightened men away from him]—أَرْهَبَ النَّاسَ عَنْهُ بَأْسُهُ وَنَجْدَتُهُ
[I was not frightened by you]—لَمْ أُرْهَبْ بِكَ
he drove away, or repelled, or withheld, the camels—ارهب الإِبِلَ

Meaning: I did not see in you anything that made me doubt or suspect you, or think badly of you.

عَنِ الحَوَضِ means from the watering-trough or tank.

4.2he rode a camel—ارهب

Said of a man. The camel is one of the kind termed رَهْب.

4.3

He also became long in the رَهَب, that is, the sleeve.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
8:60
وَأَعِدُّوا۟ لَهُم مَّا ٱسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ ٱلْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِۦ عَدُوَّ ٱللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَءَاخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ ۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا۟ مِن شَىْءٍ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ

Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies, and others besides, whom ye may not know, but whom Allah doth know. Whatever ye shall spend in the cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye shall not be treated unjustly.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
(JK, S, A, K) and استرهبهُ (S, A, K) He, or it, frightened him, or caused him to fear; (S, K;) as also رهّبهُ : (MA:) or disquieted him, or agitated him, by frightening. (A.) You say, يَقْشَعِرُّ الإِهَابُ إِذَا وَقَعَ مِنْهُ الإِرْهَابُ [The skin quivers when frightening befalls from him]. (A, TA.) And أَرْهَبَ النَّاسَ عَنْهُ بَأْسُهُ وَنَجْدَتُهُ [His valour and courage frightened men away from him]. (A.) And لَمْ أُرْهَبْ بِكَ [lit. I was not frightened by thee]; meaning I did not see in thee what induced in me doubt, or suspicion, or evil opinion. (A, TA.) And ارهب الإِبِلَ , (JK, A,) inf. n. إِرْهَابٌ , (JK, K,) He drove away, (A,) or repelled, (JK,) or withheld, (K,) the camels, (JK, A, K,) عَنِ الحَوَضِ [from the watering-trough or tank]. (A, K.) ارهب (said of a man, TA) also signifies He rode a camel such as is termed رَهْب . (K.) Also He was, or became, long in the رَهَب , i. e. sleeve. (IAar, K. *)
Form 5ترهّب2 senses

Core sense — he became a monk, devoting himself to religious servicesgenerated

5.1

Said of a man: he became a رَاهِب, or monk, fearing God, or fearing God with reverence and awe.

Or he devoted himself to religious services or exercises in his صَوْمَعَة, or cell.

Or, said of a monk: he detached himself from the world, becoming a recluse, in order to devote himself to religious services or exercises.

5.2he threatened him—ترهّبهُ
Show Lane's original text
He (a man) became a رَاهِب [or monk], fearing God, or fearing God with reverence or awe: (TA:) or he devoted himself to religious services or exercises (JK, S, A, K) in his صَوْمَعَة [or cell]: (A:) or he (a monk) detached himself [from the world. or became a recluse,] for the purpose of devoting himself to religious services or exercises. (Msb.) ترهّبهُ He threatened him. (K.)
Form 10استرهبهُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he called forth fear of himself, so that men feared himgenerated

10.1and they called forth fear of them, so that men feared them—وَٱسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ

In the Qur'ān 7:113; it has been explained in this way.

He called forth fear of him, so that men feared him.

10.1.1

See also form 4.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 10
7:116
قَالَ أَلْقُوا۟ ۖ فَلَمَّآ أَلْقَوْا۟ سَحَرُوٓا۟ أَعْيُنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَٱسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ وَجَآءُو بِسِحْرٍ عَظِيمٍ

Said Moses: "Throw ye (first)." So when they threw, they bewitched the eyes of the people, and struck terror into them: for they showed a great (feat of) magic.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
He called forth fear of him, so that men feared him. (TA.) وَٱسْتَرْهَبُوهُمْ , in the Kur [vii. 113], has been expl. as meaning And they called forth fear of them, [i. e. of themselves,] so that men feared them. (TA.) See also 4.

Derived nouns 21

Nounرَهْبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an emaciated she-camel; a slender arrow; a thin arrow-headgenerated

1an emaciated she-camel—رَهْبَةٌ
a she-camel much emaciated—رَهْبَى

An emaciated she-camel; or it is this feminine form that has the meaning.

Or the masculine form means a she-camel much emaciated, and so does this word.

Some say that this last word, which occurs in a verse, is the name of a particular she-camel.

The masculine form also means a she-camel lean and lank in the belly; or tall, applied to a he-camel, the feminine being formed with ة; or one that has been used in journeying and has become fatigued, or jaded, the feminine being formed with ة.

a she-camel fatigued, or jaded—رَهْبَآءُ

on this sense It also means a he-camel that is large, wide in the belly-girth, broad in make between the shoulder-joints; or wide in the bones, broad in make between the shoulder-joints.

1.1

Also a slender arrow; or a great arrow; and a thin iron head or blade of an arrow. Plural رِهَابٌ.

Show Lane's original text
An emaciated she-camel; (As, S, K;) or so [the fem.] رَهْبَةٌ : (JK:) or the former, a she-camel much emaciated; as also رَهْبَى ; or, as some say, this last, occurring in a verse, is the name of a particular she-camel: and the first also signifies a she-camel lean, and lank in the belly: (TA:) or tall; applied to a he-camel; (K;) fem. with ة : (TA:) or one that has been used in journeying, and has become fatigued, or jaded; (JK, TA;) fem. with ة : and رَهْبَآءُ signifies a she-camel fatigued, or jaded: and the first, a he-camel large, wide in the belly-girth, broad in make between the shoulder-joints: (JK:) or wide in the bones, broad in make between the shoulder-joints. (TA.) Also A slender arrow: or a great arrow: (TA:) and a thin iron head or blade (S, K, TA) of an arrow: (S, TA:) pl. رِهَابٌ . (S, K.)
Nounرُهْبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sleeve; feargenerated

1

See the next entry, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows, in two places.
Nounرَهَبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sleevegenerated

1a sleeve—رُهْبٌ

According to Z, of the dialect of Himyer, but one of the innovations of the commentators on the Qur'ān. The Jm says it is not of established authority; but AA gives this meaning, and so do Zj and Mukātil in the Qur'ān 28:32 — though the word there is generally held, on all the various readings (which are الرَّهَب, الرُّهْب, الرُّهُب and الرَّهْب), to be a maṣdar of رَهِبَ. Az says that this is a correct meaning in Arabic, and the one most agreeable with the context.

I put the thing in my sleeve—وَضَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ فِى رُهْبِى

To carry it there, as is often done.

Qur’ān 28:32 approximate — somewhere between 28:1 and 28:45 Lane cites “Kur xxviii. 32”
Qur’ān 28:32 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
ٱسْلُكْ يَدَكَ فِى جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَآءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوٓءٍ وَٱضْمُمْ إِلَيْكَ جَنَاحَكَ مِنَ ٱلرَّهْبِ ۖ فَذَٰنِكَ بُرْهَـٰنَانِ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَإِي۟هِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ قَوْمًا فَـٰسِقِينَ

"Move thy hand into thy bosom, and it will come forth white without stain (or harm), and draw thy hand close to thy side (to guard) against fear. Those are the two credentials from thy Lord to Pharaoh and his Chiefs: for truly they are a people rebellious and wicked."Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences رَهَب
21:90
فَٱسْتَجَبْنَا لَهُۥ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُۥ يَحْيَىٰ وَأَصْلَحْنَا لَهُۥ زَوْجَهُۥٓ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ يُسَـٰرِعُونَ فِى ٱلْخَيْرَٰتِ وَيَدْعُونَنَا رَغَبًا وَرَهَبًا ۖ وَكَانُوا۟ لَنَا خَـٰشِعِينَ

So We listened to him: and We granted him Yahya: We cured his wife's (Barrenness) for him. These (three) were ever quick in emulation in good works; they used to call on Us with love and reverence, and humble themselves before Us.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
(Zj, K, TA) and رُهْبٌ (Zj, TA) A sleeve: (T, K:) accord. to Z, (TA,) of the dial. of Himyer; but one of the innovations of the expositions [of the Kur-án]: (Ksh in xxviii. 32, and TA: [not, as Golius says, referring to the Ksh as his authority, of the dial. of the Arabs of El- Heereh:]) said in the Jm to be not of established authority: but signifying thus accord. to AA: and so accord. to Zj, (L, TA,) and Mukátil, (T, L, TA,) in the Kur xxviii. 32; [though generally held to be there, accord. to all the various readings, (which are الرَّهَب and الرُّهْب and الرُّهُب and الرَّهْب ,) an inf. n. of رَهِبَ ;] and Az says that this is a correct meaning in Arabic, and the most agreeable with the context. (L, TA.) One says, وَضَعْتُ الشَّىْءَ فِى رُهْبِى , meaning I put the thing in my sleeve [to carry it therein, as is often done] (TA.)
Nounرَهْبَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1

See the next entry.

1.1

And see also رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences رَهْبَة
59:13
لَأَنتُمْ أَشَدُّ رَهْبَةً فِى صُدُورِهِم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ

Of a truth ye are stronger (than they) because of the terror in their hearts, (sent) by Allah. This is because they are men devoid of understanding.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows: and see also رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ .
Nounرَهْبَى2 senses

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1[fear is better than pity, or compassion]—رَهَبُوتٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمْوتٍ

This word, and رُهْبَى, رَهْبَآءُ and رُهْبَآءٌ — which last I write with tanwīn, by the general rule for words of the measure فُعْلَآء — and رَهَبُوتٌ, رَهَبُوتَى and رَهْبَةٌ are each a simple substantive meaning fear, or fear with caution; though the S and K make the last of them a maṣdar of رَهِبَ.

Or, according to Mbr, رَهَبُوتى خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى.

That is, your being feared is better than your being pitied. A proverb. See sense 1 in the article رغب.

رُهْبَاكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رُغْبَاكَ is a similar proverb, explained under رَغِبَ.

And الرُّهْبَى مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ والرُّغْبَى إِلَيْهِ, also explained under رَغِبَ.

2

For the first word, see also رَهْبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
and رُهْبَى and رَهْبَآءُ and رُهْبَآءٌ [which last I write with tenween accord. to a general rule applying to words of the measure فُعْلَآء ] and رَهَبُوتٌ and رَهَبُوتَى , each a simple subst., (K,) as also رَهْبَةٌ , (Msb, [but accord. to the S and K, this last is an inf. n. of رَهِبَ ,]) signifying Fear: (Msb, K:) or fear with caution. (TA.) One says, رَهَبُوتٌ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمْوتٍ , (S, Meyd, K,) or, accord. to Mbr, رَهَبُوتى خَيْرٌ مِنْ رَحَمُوتَى , (Meyd,) [Fear is better than pity, or compassion,] meaning thy being feared is better than thy being pitied, or compassionated: (S, Meyd, K:) a proverb. (Meyd. [See 1 in art. رغب .]) And رُهْبَاكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ رُغْبَاكَ , a similar prov. [expl. voce رَغِبَ ]. (Meyd.) And الرُّهْبَى مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ والرُّغْبَى إِلَيْهِ [also expl. voce رَغِبَ ]. (Lth, TA.) For the first word, see also رَهْبٌ .
Nounرُهْبَى1 sense

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1

See the preceding entry, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.
Nounرَهْبَآءُ2 senses

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1

See رَهْبَى.

2

And see also رَهْبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَهْبَى : and see also رَهْبٌ .
Nounرُهْبَآءٌ1 sense

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1

See رَهْبَى.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَهْبَى .
Nounرَهْبَانُ1 sense

Core sense — excessively fearfulgenerated

1

Excessively fearful.

Lane cites “Bd in lvii. 27” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Show Lane's original text
Excessively fearful. (Bd in lvii. 27.)
Nounرَهْبَنَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — monkery, the life of a monkgenerated

1

See رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَهْبَانِيَّةٌ .
Nounرَهَبُوتٌ2 senses

Core sense — fear; fearful, said of a mangenerated

1

See رَهْبَى, in two places.

2

Also fearful, applied to a man.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَهْبَى , in two places. Also Fearful; applied to a man. (S.)
Nounرَهَبُوتَى1 sense

Core sense — fear, or fear with cautiongenerated

1

See رَهْبَى, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَهْبَى , in two places.
Nounرَهْبَانِيَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — monkery, asceticism, the life of a monkgenerated

1[and they innovated excess and the like]—وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا

Monkery; asceticism; the life, or state, of a monk or an ascetic; the state of a رَاهِب, or Christian devotee. It is written without teshdeed in an exposition of the Makāmāt of El-Ḥarīrī.

The maṣdar of رَاهِبٌ, as is رَهْبَةٌ.

Or it is originally from الرَّهْبَةُ, and by a secondary application is used as a noun meaning excess, or extravagance.

Or it is from رَهْبَنَةٌ, which has the same meaning, of the measure فَعْلَنَةٌ, from رَهْبَةٌ or فَعْلَلَةٌ, taking the ن to be a radical letter.

Or it means excess in religious services or exercises, and discipline, and the detaching of oneself from mankind, and is from رَهْبَانُ, meaning “excessively fearful”.

So in the Qur'ān 57:27, meaning وَٱبْتَدَعُوا رَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا, they innovated it. Some read with ḍamma, رُهْبَانِيَّةً, as though from رُهْبَانٌ, the plural of رَاهِبٌ.

[there is no monkery in El-Islām]—لَا رَهْبَانِيَّةَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ

From a tradition; that is, no making oneself a eunuch, no putting chains upon one's neck, no wearing garments of hair-cloth, no abstaining from flesh-meat, and the like.

[keep to waging war against the unbelievers, for it is the asceticism of my people]—عَلَيْكُمْ بِٱلْجِهَادِ فَإِنَّهُ رُهْبَانِيَّةُ أُمَّتِى

From another tradition.

Qur’ān 57:27 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur lvii. 27”
Qur’ān 57:27 Lane quotes this verse
ثُمَّ قَفَّيْنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَـٰرِهِم بِرُسُلِنَا وَقَفَّيْنَا بِعِيسَى ٱبْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ ٱلْإِنجِيلَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِى قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا مَا كَتَبْنَـٰهَا عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا ٱبْتِغَآءَ رِضْوَٰنِ ٱللَّهِ فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقَّ رِعَايَتِهَا ۖ فَـَٔاتَيْنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَـٰسِقُونَ

Then, in their wake, We followed them up with (others of) Our messengers: We sent after them Jesus the son of Mary, and bestowed on him the Gospel; and We ordained in the hearts of those who followed him Compassion and Mercy. But the Monasticism which they invented for themselves, We did not prescribe for them: (We commanded) only the seeking for the Good Pleasure of Allah; but that they did not foster as they should have done. Yet We bestowed, on those among them who believed, their (due) reward, but many of them are rebellious transgressors.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences رَهْبَانِيَّة
57:27
ثُمَّ قَفَّيْنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَـٰرِهِم بِرُسُلِنَا وَقَفَّيْنَا بِعِيسَى ٱبْنِ مَرْيَمَ وَءَاتَيْنَـٰهُ ٱلْإِنجِيلَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِى قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُ رَأْفَةً وَرَحْمَةً وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا مَا كَتَبْنَـٰهَا عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَّا ٱبْتِغَآءَ رِضْوَٰنِ ٱللَّهِ فَمَا رَعَوْهَا حَقَّ رِعَايَتِهَا ۖ فَـَٔاتَيْنَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ مِنْهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِّنْهُمْ فَـٰسِقُونَ

Then, in their wake, We followed them up with (others of) Our messengers: We sent after them Jesus the son of Mary, and bestowed on him the Gospel; and We ordained in the hearts of those who followed him Compassion and Mercy. But the Monasticism which they invented for themselves, We did not prescribe for them: (We commanded) only the seeking for the Good Pleasure of Allah; but that they did not foster as they should have done. Yet We bestowed, on those among them who believed, their (due) reward, but many of them are rebellious transgressors.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (JK, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) written in an exposition of the Makámát [of El-Hareeree] without teshdeed, (Mgh,) [Monkery; asceticism; the life, or state, of a monk or an ascetic;] the state of a رَاهِب , (A, Msb,) or Christian devotee; (Mgh;) the masdar of رَاهِبٌ , (JK, S, K,) as also رَهْبَةٌ : (S, K:) or it is originally from الرَّهْبَةُ ; and by a secondary application is used as a noun signifying excess, or extravagance: (AAF, TA:) or it is from رَهْبَنَةٌ , [which has the same signification, of the measure فَعْلَنَةٌ from رَهْبَةٌ , or فَعْلَلَةٌ on the supposition that the ن is a radical letter: (IAth, TA:) or it signifies excess in religious services or exercises, and discipline, and the detaching oneself from mankind; and is from رَهْبَانُ , signifying “excessively fearful:” so in the Kur lvii. 27; where it is said, وَرَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا , (Bd,) meaning وَٱبْتَدَعُوا رَهْبَانِيَّةً ٱبْتَدَعُوهَا [And they innovated excess &c.: they innovated it]: (AAF, Bd, TA:) and some read with damm, [ رُهْبَانِيَّةً ,] as though from رُهْبَانٌ , pl. of رَاهِبٌ . (Bd.) It is said in a trad., (TA,) لَا رَهْبَانِيَّةَ فِى الإِسْلَامِ [There is no monkery in El-Islám]; i. e., no such thing as the making oneself a eunuch, and putting chains upon one's neck, and wearing garments of hair-cloth, and abstaining from flesh-meat, and the like. (K.) And in another trad., عَلَيْكُمْ بِٱلْجِهَادِ فَإِنَّهُ رُهْبَانِيَّةُ أُمَّتِى [Keep ye to the waging of war against the unbelievers, for it is the asceticism of my people]. (TA.)
Nounرَهَابٌ1 sense

Core sense — the ensiform cartilage, the lower end of the breast-bonegenerated

1

This word and رُهَابٌ: see the next entry.

Show Lane's original text
and رُهَابٌ : see what next follows.
Nounرَهَابَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the ensiform cartilage, the lower end of the breast-bonegenerated

1

This word, and رُهَابَةٌ, رَهَّابَةٌ and رُهَّابَةٌ, the last according to El-Hirmāzee: the ensiform cartilage, the lower end of the breast-bone; a bone, or small bone, in the breast, overhanging the belly, shaped like a tongue, or like the tip of a dog's tongue.

Or a cartilage shaped like a tongue, hanging in the lower part of the breast and overhanging the belly; the tongue of the sternum, at its lower part.

Or, according to IAar, the end of the stomach.

The plural, or rather the collective generic noun, is رَهَابٌ and رُهَابٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(S, K) and رُهَابَةٌ and رَهَّابَةٌ and رُهَّابَةٌ accord. to El-Hirmázee, (K, TA,) [The ensiform cartilage, or lower extremity of the sternum;] a certain bone, (S, K,) or small bone, (TA,) in the breast, impending over the belly, (S, K, TA,) resembling the tongue, (S,) or like the extremity of the tongue of the dog: (TA:) or a certain cartilage, resembling the tongue, suspended in the lower part of the breast, impending over the belly: (TA:) the tongue of the sternum, at the lower part: (ISh, TA:) or, accord. to IAar, the extremity of the stomach: (TA:) pl. [or rather coll. gen. n.] رَهَابٌ [and رُهَابٌ ]. (K.)
Nounرَهَّابَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the ensiform cartilage, the lower end of the breast-bonegenerated

1

This word and رُهَّابَةٌ: see the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
and رُهَّابَةٌ : see what next precedes.
Nounرَاهِبٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — one who fears God; a Christian monkgenerated

1[he is one who fears God]—هُوَ رَاهِبٌ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ

Fearing; one who fears; or fearing with caution, a cautious fearer.

This is the source of the meaning that follows.

1.1

A Christian monk, ascetic, or religious recluse; one who devotes himself to religious services or exercises in a صَوْمَعَة, or cell; one of the رُهْبَان of the Christians.

The plural is رُهْبَانٌ and رَهَبَةٌ.

Sometimes رُهْبَانٌ is a singular, as in this example cited by IAar: [If she spoke to a Christian monk in a monastery among the summits of a mountain, the monk would come down running, and so descend]

shāhid
لَوْ كَلَّمَتْ رُهْبَانَ دَيْرٍ فِى القُلَلْلَٱنْحَدَرَ الرُّهْبَانُ يَسْعَى فَنَزَلْ

. But he says that the approved way is to use it as a plural.

رَهَابِينُ is a plural of رُهْبَانٌ, رَهَابِنَةٌ is another plural of the same, and so is رُهْبَانُونَ.

2

See also مَرْهُوبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Fearing; [or a fearer; or fearing with caution; or a cautious fearer;] as in the phrase هُوَ رَاهِبٌ مِنَ ٱللّٰهِ [He is one who fears God; or a fearer of God; &c.]: whence the signification next following. (Msb.) A Christian [monk, ascetic, religious recluse, or] devotee; (Mgh, Msb;) one who devotes himself to religious services or exercises, in a صَوْمَعَة [or cell]; (TA;) one of the رُهْبَان of the Christians: (S, K:) [i. e.] the pl. is رُهْبَانٌ (A, Mgh, Msb) and رَهَبَةٌ ; (A;) or, sometimes, رُهْبَانٌ is a sing.; (K;) as in the following ex., cited by IAar: 1 [If she spoke to a Christian monk in a monastery among the summits of a mountain, the Christian monk would come down running, and so descend]: but he says that the approved way is to use it as a pl.: (TA:) and رَهَابِينُ is a pl. (A, Msb, K) of رُهْبَانٌ , (K,) and رَهَابِنَةٌ is another pl. (A, K) of the same, and so is رُهْبَانُونَ . (K.) لَوْ كَلَّمَتْ رُهْبَانَ دَيْرٍ فِى القُلَلْ | لَٱنْحَدَرَ الرُّهْبَانُ يَسْعَى فَنَزَلْ See also مَرْهُوبٌ .
Nounرَاهِبَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a state, or condition, that frightensgenerated

1

A state, or condition, that frightens.

Show Lane's original text
A state, or condition, that frightens. (TA.)
Nounأَرْهَابٌ1 sense

Core sense — birds that are not birds of preygenerated

1

Birds that are not rapacious, that do not prey.

Apparently so called because timid, as Golius supposes.

Show Lane's original text
Birds that are not rapacious; that do not prey. (K.) [App. so called because timid; as Golius supposes.]
Nounمُرَهِّبٌ1 sense

Core sense — fatigued in her back, said of a she-camelgenerated

1

Applied to a she-camel, though of masculine form: fatigued in her back. See its verb, form 2.

Show Lane's original text
, applied to a she-camel, [though of a masc. form,] Fatigued in her back. (TA. [See its verb, 2.])
Nounمَرْهُوبٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — feared; the liongenerated

1[at your service time after time: you are feared, and appealed to humbly]—لَبَّيْكَ مَرْهُوبٌ وَمَرْغُوبٌ إِلَيْكَ

Feared, or feared with caution; applied to God.

In this phrase it is in the nominative case, as the khabar of a mubtadaʾ, أَنْتَ, which is left out.

1.1the lion—المَرْهُوبُ
the lion—الرَّاهِبُ

This second word is here like رَاضٍ in the sense of مَرْضِىٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
Feared: (Mgh, Msb:) [or feared with caution:] applied to God. (Msb.) In the phrase لَبَّيْكَ مَرْهُوبٌ وَمَرْغُوبٌ إِلَيْكَ [At thy service time after time: Thou art feared, and petitioned, or supplicated with humility, &c.], it is in the nom. case as the enunciative of an inchoative [ أَنْتَ ] suppressed. (Mgh.) [Hence,] المَرْهُوبُ , as also الرَّاهِبُ , [the latter in this case being like رَاضٍ in the sense of مَرْضِىٌّ ,] The lion. (K.)