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رفق

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Form 1رَفَقَ10 senses · 5 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarرِفْقٌ رَفَقٌ رَفَاقَةٌ رَفْقٌ

Core sense — he was gentle, kind, or courteous; he did the work skilfullygenerated

1.1he was gentle, kind, or courteous with him—رَفَقَ بِهِ

maṣdar رِفْقٌ, مَرْفِقٌ, مِرْفَقٌ, مَرْفَقٌ and رَفِقَ; also, with: he was, or became, gentle, kind, or courteous; he behaved gently.

he behaved gently towards him—عَلَيْهِ
he was gentle with him, he acted gently towards him—رَفِقَ
he was gentle with him, he acted gently towards him—رَفُقَ

In the same way ترفّق بِهِ and ارفقهُ.

[He who is gentle with my people, God will be gentle with him]—مَنْ رَفَقَ بِأُمَّتِى رَفَقَ ٱللّٰهُ بِهِ
he used gentleness, he acted gently, in his affair—ترفّق فِى أَمْرِهِ

From a saying of the Prophet.

Also رَفَقَ فِيهِ, as indicated in the O; synonymous with تَأَتَّى; in the article اتى.

he applied himself with gentleness to his needful business—ترفّق لِحَاجَتِهِ

Synonymous with تَأَتَّى; in the article اتى.

he applied himself with gentleness to the affair—ترفّق لِلْأَمْرِ

Synonymous with تَلَطَّفَ; in the article لطف.

1.1.1he was gentle, delicate, neat, or skilful in his work—رَفُقَ

In form like فَرُبَ.

The opposite of what is termed أَخْرَق.

1.1.2I did the work soundly, skilfully, and well—رَفَقْتُ العَمَلَ

With fetḥ to the ف.

1.1.3I went at a right, or moderate, rate in journeying or in pace—رَفَقْتُ فِى السَّيْرِ
1.2

See also form 4.

1.3[May God make you to be in the companionship of Mohammad: may God bless and save him]—جَعَلَكُمُ ٱللّٰهٌ فِى رَفَاقَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

رَفَاقَةٌ is a maṣdar meaning the being a رَفَيق.

he became a travelling companion with him—رَفُقَ بِهِ

Fr says: I heard a man at 'Arafāt say this to the pilgrims gathered there.

According to the TK, with, meaning he became a رَفِيق with him; but what is commonly said in this sense is رَافقَهُ.

1.4he struck the elbow of such a one—رَفَقَ فُلَانًا

That is, his مِرْفَق, or elbow.

1.4.1he bound the she-camel's arm, to keep her from going quickly—رَفَقَ النَّاقَةَ

.

he bound the camel's neck to his pastern, because of a slight lameness in it—رَفَقَ البَعِيرَ

Apparently bound together with the shank, since that is the common practice; done when her longing for her home, or accustomed place, was feared.

.

The word for the neck here is عُنُق, probably, I think, a mistranscription for عَضُد, that is, the arm.

1.5he had his elbow twisted away from his side—رَفِقَ

Said of a camel.

[See رَفَقٌ below, and أَرْفَقُ; see also دَفِقَ.]

1.5.1she had in her teat, or teats, the disorder called رَفَقٌ—رَفِقَتْ

. Probably said of a she-camel; see this word below.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. رَفُقَ , (S, Msb,) inf. n. رِفْقٌ (S, * O, Mgh, * Msb, * K) and مَرْفِقٌ and مِرْفَقٌ (AZ, O, K,) and مَرْفَقٌ ; (O, K;) and رَفِقَ , (JK, O, K,) [aor. رَفَقَ ,] inf. n. رَفَقٌ ; (JK;) and رَفُقَ ; (JK, O, K;) He was, or became, gentle, soft, tender, gracious, courteous, or civil; or he be haved, or acted, gently, softly, &c. (JK, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K.) You say, رَفَقَ بِهِ , (AZ, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) and عَلَيْهِ , (AZ, O, K,) inf. ns. as above; (O, K;) and رَفِقَ , and رَفُقَ ; (K;) He was, or became, gentle, &c., or he behaved, or acted, gently, &c., with him, (AZ, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) and to him; (AZ, O, K;) and in like manner, ترفّق بِهِ , (S, O, Mgh, K,) and ارفقهُ . (AZ, O, K.) Hence the saying of the Prophet, مَنْ رَفَقَ بِأُمَّتِى رَفَقَ ٱللّٰهُ بِهِ [He who is gentle, &c., with my people, God will be gentle, &c., with him]. (O.) [Hence, also,] one says, ترفّق فِى أَمْرِهِ [and رَفَقَ فِيهِ as is indicated in the O] He used gentleness, or acted gently, in his affair; syn. تَأَتَّى . (Msb in art. اتى .) And ترفّق لِحَاجَتِهِ He applied himself with gentleness to his needful affair or business; syn. تَأَتَّى . (T in art. اتى .) And ترفّق لِلْأَمْرِ He applied himself with gentle ness to the affair; syn. تَلَطَّفَ . (S in art. لطف .) Hence, رَفُقَ , in form like فَرُبَ , He was, or became, gentle, delicate, nice, neat, or skilful, in work or operation; the contr. of such as is termed أَخْرَق . (Msb.) And رَفَقْتُ العَمَلَ , with fet-h to the ف , aor. رَفُقَ , I did, or made, the deed, or work, soundly, thoroughly, skilfully, judiciously, or well. (Msb.) And رَفَقْتُ فِى السَّيْرِ I pro ceeded in a right, or a moderate, manner in journeying, or in pace. (Msb.) See also 4. رَفَاقَةٌ is an inf. n. signifying The being a رَفَيق . (O, K.) Fr says, I heard a man at 'Arafát saying [to the pilgrims there assembled], جَعَلَكُمُ ٱللّٰهٌ فِى رَفَاقَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ [May God make you to be in the companionship of Mohammad: may God bless and save him]. (O.) [And accord. to the TK, one says, رَفُقَ بِهِ , inf. n. رَفَاقَةٌ , meaning He became a رَفِيق with him: but what is commonly said in this sense is رَافقَهُ , q. v.] رَفَقَ فُلَانًا , He struck the مِرْفَق [or elbow] of such a one. (K.) And رَفَقَ النَّاقَةَ , (S, O, K,) aor. رَفُقَ , inf. n. رَفْقٌ , (S, O,) He bound the she-camel's arm [app. together with the shank (for such is the common practice)], (S, O, K,) to prevent her going quickly, (S, O,) when fearing her yearning towards, or longing for, her home, or accustomed place: (S, O, K:) [or] رَفَقَ البَعِيرَ , aor. رَفِقَ , inf. n. رَفْقٌ , he bound the camel's neck ( عُنُق [probably, I think, a mistranscription for عَضُد i. e. arm,]) to his pastern, because of a slight lameness therein. (JK.) رَفِقَ said of a camel, aor. رَفَقَ , inf. n. رَفَقٌ , He had his elbow dis torted from his side. (TA and TK. [See رَفَقٌ below, and أَرْفَقُ : and see also دَفِقَ .]) [And رَفِقَتْ , inf. n. رَفَقٌ , is probably said of a she-camel, as meaning She had, in her teat, or teats, what is termed رَفَقٌ : see, again, this word below.]
Form 2تَرْفِيقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sheep's, or goat's, having the forelegs white to the elbowsgenerated

2.1a sheep's, or goat's, having the forelegs white to the elbows—رُفِّقَتِ الشَّاةُ

This is the maṣdar of the verb in this phrase, if the verb has been used; it comes from شَاةٌ مُرَفَّقَةٌ, explained below.

Show Lane's original text
[as the inf. n. of the verb in the phrase رُفِّقَتِ الشَّاةُ , if this verb have been used, means A sheep's, or goat's having the fore legs white to the elbows; for it] is from شَاةٌ مُرَفَّقَةٌ , explained below. (O.)
Form 3رافقهُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he was his travelling companion, he accompanied him on a journeygenerated

3.1

He became his رَفِيق, or travelling companion; he accompanied him on a journey.

Maṣdar مُرَافَقَةٌ and رِفَاقٌ.

3.1.1

The latter maṣdar also means being hypocritical, or acting hypocritically. [See also form 3 in the article رمق.]

Show Lane's original text
He was, or became, his رَفِيق , or travelling-companion; he accompanied him in a journey; (S, O, Msb, K;) inf. n. مُرَافَقَةٌ (TK) and رِفَاقٌ . (TA.) And this latter inf. n. also signifies The being hypocritical, or acting hypocritically. (TA. [See also 3 in art. رمق .])
Form 4ارفقهُ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he profited him, he was useful to himgenerated

4.1

See form 1, second sentence.

4.1.1

He profited him, or was useful to him; and so does رَفَقَهُ.

4.1.2

[In the present day it means he associated him, بِغَيْرِهِ, with another or others.]

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, second sentence. Also He profited him, or was useful to him; (S, O, K;) as also رَفَقَهُ . (K.) [And in the present day, it means He associated him بِغَيْرِهِ with another or others.]
Form 5تَرَفَّقَ1 sense

Core sense — he acted gently, he behaved with gentlenessgenerated

5.1

See form 1, in four places.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, in four places.
Form 6ترافقوا1 sense

Core sense — they became travelling companions, they journeyed togethergenerated

6.1they two became travelling companions—ترافقا

They became travelling companions; they travelled, or journeyed, together.

ارتفقوا has the same meaning.

we became companions in travelling—ترافقنا فِى السَّفَرِ
Show Lane's original text
They were, or became, travellingcompanions; they travelled, or journeyed, together; as also ارتفقوا : (JK:) and ترافقا they two were, or became, travelling-companions; &c.: (K:) and ترافقنا فِى السَّفَرِ we were, or became, companions in travelling, or journeying. (S, O.)
Form 8ارتفق5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — he profited by it; he leaned upon his elbow; he sought helpgenerated

8.1

Same as طلب رفقا, that is, طَلَبَ رِفْقًا, and as استعان: he sought, or demanded, aid or help.

8.1.1he profited, or gained benefit, by him, or by it—ارتفق بِهِ

[The phrase is also often used meaning he made use of it: a garment, an implement, and the like.]

8.1.2

See also form 6.

8.2

He leaned upon the مِرْفَق of his arm, that is, upon his elbow; or upon the pillow called مِرْفَقَة.

8.3

It was, or became, full, or filled.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. طلب رفقا [i. e. طَلَبَ رِفْقًا ] and استعان [both meaning He sought, or demanded, aid, or help]. (Har p. 395. [See also 10.]) And hence, (Har ibid.,) ارتفق بِهِ He profited, or gained advantage or benefit, by him, or it, (S, Mgh, Msb, TA,) namely, a thing. (Msb.) [This phrase is also often used as meaning He made use of it; namely, a garment, and an implement, &c.] See also 6. Also He leaned upon the مِرْفَق of his arm [i. e. upon his elbow]: (O, Msb, * K:) or upon the pillow [called مِرْفَقَة ]. (K.) And It was, or became, full, or filled. (K.)
Form 10استرفقهُ1 sense

Core sense — he asked him to be of use to himgenerated

10.1

He sought, or demanded, that he should profit him, or be useful to him.

Show Lane's original text
He sought, or demanded, his profiting him, or being useful to him. (TA.)
Form Q. Q. 2تَمَرْفَقَ1 sense

Core sense — he took a pillow to lean on with his elbowgenerated

Q. Q. 2.1

He took a مِرْفَقَة, that is, a pillow [upon which to lean with his elbow].

Show Lane's original text
He took a مِرْفَقَة , i. e. pillow [upon which to lean with his elbow]. (S.)

Derived nouns 21

Nounرِفْقٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — gentleness, kindness, courtesy; skilfulness in workgenerated

1he treated such a one with gentleness—أَوْلَى فُلَانًا رَافِقَةً

A maṣdar of رَفَقَ: gentleness, softness, kindness, graciousness, or courtesy; the opposite of عُنْفٌ.

Same as لُطْفٌ and حُسْنُ صَنِيعٍ, or لِينُ جَانِبٍ and لَطَافَةُ فِعْلٍ; and رَفَقٌ and رَافِقَةٌ mean the same.

It is also explained as good submission to what leads to what is comely, or pleasing.

1.1

And gentleness, delicacy, neatness, or skilfulness in work; the opposite of خُرْقٌ.

1.2

Also a thing by means of which one seeks help or assistance. See also مِرْفَقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
an inf. n. of رَفَقَ ; (O, K;) Gentleness, softness, tenderness, graciousness, courteousness, or civility; contr. of عُنْفٌ ; (S, O, Mgh, Msb;) i. q. لُطْفٌ , and حُسْنُ صَنِيعٍ , (IDrd, O, K,) or لِينُ جَانِبٍ and لَطَافَةُ فِعْلٍ ; and so رَفَقٌ ; (JK;) and رَافِقَةٌ likewise; whence the phrase أَوْلَى فُلَانًا رَافِقَةً [He treated such a one with gentleness, &c.]. (JK, IDrd, O.) It is also explained as meaning Good submission to that which conduces to what is comely, or pleasing. (TA.) And Gentleness, delicacy, nicety, neatness, or skilfulness, in work or operation; contr. of خُرْقٌ . (Mgh.) Also A thing by means of which one seeks help or assistance. (K.) See also مِرْفَقٌ .
Nounرَفَقٌ5 senses · 4 main

Core sense — gentleness; easy of attainment; a twisting of a camel's elbow; a stopped teatgenerated

1

A maṣdar of رَفِقَ; see the preceding entry.

2a place of pasturing, or of free and plentiful pasturing, easy to seek out—مَرْتَعٌ رَفَقٌ
water that is easy to seek and take—مَآءٌ رَفَقٌ

Or water of which the well-rope is short.

an object of want that is easy to seek and obtain—حَاجَةٌ رَفَقُ البِغْيَةِ

on this sense [Also easy of attainment.]

3

Also a twisting of a camel's elbow away from his side. [Said to be the maṣdar of رَفِقَ.]

3.1

And a stoppage of the orifice of the teat, or of the orifices of the teats, of a she-camel: so says Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh. Or a disorder in the orifice of the teat, from being badly milked, or from the milker's not shaking the teat to remove what remained in it, so that the milk goes back into the udder and turns to blood, or becomes coagulated and mixed with yellow water.

[Perhaps in this sense also a maṣdar: see form 1, last sentence.]

4

See also رُفْقَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of رَفِقَ : see the next preceding paragraph. [Also Easy of attainment.] You say مَرْتَعٌ رَفَقٌ [A place of pasturing, or of unrestrained and plentiful pasturing,] easy to be sought [and attained]. (S, O.) And مَآءٌ رَفَقٌ Water that is easy (JK, S, O, K) to be sought (JK, S, O) and taken: (JK:) or of which the well-rope is short. (K.) And حَاجَةٌ رَفَقُ البِغْيَةِ An object of want that is easy [to be sought and attained]. (O, K.) Also A distortion of the elbow of a camel from the side. (Lth, S, O, K. [Said to be the inf. n. of رَفِقَ , q. v.]) And A stoppage of the orifice of the teat, (K,) or of the orifices of the teats, (O,) of a she-camel: (O, K:) so says Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh: (O:) or a disorder in the orifice of the teat, in consequence of being badly milked, or of the milker's not shaking the teat to remove what remained in it, so that the milk reverts into the udder, and turns to blood, or becomes coagulated and mixed with yellow water. (K. [Perhaps in this sense, also, an inf. n.: see 1, last sentence.]) See also رُفْقَةٌ .
Nounرَفْقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a company of people travelling togethergenerated

1

See the next entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows.
Nounرُفْقَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a company of people travelling togethergenerated

1

In the dialect of Temeem; رِفْقَةٌ in the dialect of Keys; also رَفْقَةٌ, and, on the authority of Ibn-Ṭalḥah, رُفَاقَةٌ.

This last is said to be like ثُمَامَةُ, to show that it has ḍammeh to the ر, but not (as will be shown below under رَفِيقٌ) that it is without tanwīn, imperfectly declinable, and determinate like الرُّفْقَةُ.

Persons travelling, or journeying, together; a company of people with whom one is travelling, but not once they have separated: or people with whom one travels as long as they are gathered in one place of assembly and on one journey, but not once they have separated.

Plural of multitude رِفَاقٌ, which is the plural of رُفْقَةٌ, and رُفَقٌ, which is also the plural of رُفْقَةٌ; plural of paucity أَرْفَاقٌ. The plural of رِفْقَةٌ is رِفَقٌ. Or رُفْقَةٌ is an ism jamʿ of رَفِيقٌ, or synonymous with it used in a plural sense; and its plural is رِفَقٌ and رُفَقٌ, and the ism jamʿ رَفَقٌ.

[Golius explains the first, second and third, on the authority of the KL, by the words “consortium, societas”; but in my copy of the KL I find only the first and second, and these are explained only by the words گروه همراهان, which agrees with the renderings I have given above.]

1.1

The plural رِفَاقٌ also means camels on which people have gone out to fetch wheat, corn, or other provisions from the towns or villages; each company is called a رُفْقَة. See the article رَطَانَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
, (JK, S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) in the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) and رِفْقَةٌ , (S, O, Msb, K,) in the dial. of Keys, (Msb,) and رَفْقَةٌ , and on the authority of Ibn-Tal-hah رُفَاقَةٌ , (K, [in which this last is said to be like ثُمَامَةُ , to indicate that it is with damm to the ر , but not (as will be shown below, voce رَفِيقٌ ,) that it is without tenween, imperfectly decl., and determinate like الرُّفْقَةُ ,]) Persons travelling, or journeying, together; (Mgh;) a company of persons [travelling, or journeying, or] with whom one is travelling, or journeying; but not when they have separated: (S, O, Msb, K:) or persons with whom one travels, or journeys, as long as they are congregated in one place of assembly, and in one journey; but not when they have separated: (JK:) pl. [of mult.] رِفَاقٌ , (S, O, Mgh, Msb, K,) which is pl. of رُفْقَةٌ , (Mgh, Msb,) and رُفَقٌ , [which is also pl. of رُفْقَةٌ ,] and [of pauc.] أَرْفَاقٌ ; (O, K;) and the pl. of رِفْقَةٌ is رِفَقٌ : (Msb:) or رُفْقَةٌ is a quasi-pl. n. of رَفِيقٌ , or syn. with this last used in a pl. sense; and its pl. is رِفَقٌ and رُفَقٌ and [quasi-pl. n.] رَفَقٌ . (K.) [Golius explains the first and second and third, as on the authority of the KL, by the words “ consortium, societas: ” but in my copy of the KL, I find only the first and second; and these are explained only by the words گروه همراهان , agreeably with the renderings which I have given above.] The pl. رِفَاقٌ also signifies Camels upon which people have gone forth to purvey for themselves wheat, or corn, or other provisions from the towns or villages; each, or every, company being termed a رُفْقَة . (TA voce رَطَانَةٌ .)
Nounرِفْقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a company of people travelling togethergenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounرَفِقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — said of a she-camel: having the orifices of her teats stopped upgenerated

1

As an adjective applied to a she-camel: see أَرْفَقُ.

Show Lane's original text
as an epithet applied to a she-camel: see أَرْفَقُ .
Nounرِفَاقٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a cord for binding a camel's arm; a stopper for a she-camel's teatgenerated

1

The cord used for the purpose described under رَفَقَ النَّاقَةَ, or under رَفَقَ البَعِيرَ. [See form 1, towards the end.]

So in the saying of Bishr, that is, Bishr Ibn-Abee-Ḥāzim:

shāhid
فَإِنِّى وَالشَّكَاةَ مِنَ الِ لَأْىٍكَذَاتِ الضِغْنِ تَمْشِى فِى الرِّفَاقِ

[And indeed I, with respect to the fault, or the complaint, of the family of Lāy, or the family of Lám, am like her that longs for her home, or accustomed place, going along with her arm and shank in the رفاق]; another reading is وَآلَ لَامٍ.

He means: I am held back from satirizing them, just as this she-camel that longs for her home, or accustomed place, is bound and held back; but if they do not do what I approve, I will let my tongue loose in satirizing them.

1.1

Also a thing shaped like a finger, made for the teat of a she-camel when she is affected with the disorder called رَفَق; it is stuffed with dates, and then the صِرَار is bound over it, so that the teat may be cured.

Show Lane's original text
The cord that is used for the purpose described in the explanation of رَفَقَ النَّاقَةَ , (S, O, K,) or in the explanation of رَفَقَ البَعِيرَ . (JK.) [See 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.] So in the saying of Bishr, (S,) i. e. of Bishr Ibn-Abee- Házim, (O,) 1 (O,) or وَآلَ لَامٍ , (S, O,) accord. to different readings: (O:) [i. e. And verily I, with respect to the fault, or the complaint, of the family of Läy, or and the family of Lám, am like her that yearns towards, or longs for, her home, or accustomed place, going along with her arm and shank in the رفاق ]: he says, I am withheld from satirizing them, like as this she-camel that yearns towards, or longs for, her home, or accustomed place, is bound and withheld; but if they do not what I approve, I will let loose my tongue with satirizing them. (O.) فَإِنِّى وَالشَّكَاةَ مِنَ الِ لَأْىٍ | كَذَاتِ الضِغْنِ تَمْشِى فِى الرِّفَاقِ Also A thing in form like a finger, made for the teat of a she-camel when she is affected with the [disorder termed] رَفَق : it is stuffed with dates, and then the صِرَار [q. v.] is bound over it, in order that it [the teat] may be cured. (JK.)
Nounرَفِيقٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — gentle, kind, courteous; a companion in travelgenerated

1

Gentle, soft, tender, gracious, or courteous; and so رَافِقٌ.

1.1

And hence, gentle, delicate, neat, or skilful in work; the opposite of أَخْرَقُ.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthis affair, or thing, is easy, or convenient, for you—هٰذَا الأَمْرُ رَفِيقٌ بِكَ
this affair, or thing, is easy, or convenient, for you—رَافِقٌ بِكَ
this affair, or thing, is easy, or convenient, for you—رَافِقٌ عَلَيْكَ

[See أَرْفَقُ.]

2[Young men companions]—فِتْيَةٌ رُفَاقَةٌ

Also a companion, and companions, in travelling and afterwards; used as singular and as plural, like صَدِيقٌ and خَلِيطٌ; plural رُفَقَآءُ, with which رُفَاقَةٌ is synonymous.

See also رُفْقَةٌ.

[And good, or very good, will be those as companions after the journey of life] in Paradise—وَحَسُنَ أُولَائِكَ رَفِيقًا

In the Qur'ān 4:71, meaning رُفَقَآءَ.

[Nay, rather, the highest companions of Paradise]—بَلِ الرَّفِيقَ الأَعْلَى مِنَ الجَنَّةِ

'Āïsheh relates that Mohammad said this just before his death, when he had been given his choice between staying in the present world and what was with God, and had chosen the latter; he meant, I desire the company of the prophets.

Qur’ānic occurrences رَفِيق
4:69
وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ مَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ وَٱلصِّدِّيقِينَ وَٱلشُّهَدَآءِ وَٱلصَّـٰلِحِينَ ۚ وَحَسُنَ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ رَفِيقًا

All who obey Allah and the messenger are in the company of those on whom is the Grace of Allah,- of the prophets (who teach), the sincere (lovers of Truth), the witnesses (who testify), and the Righteous (who do good): Ah! what a beautiful fellowship!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Gentle, soft, tender, gracious, courteous, or civil; (JK, Msb;) as also رَافِقٌ . (JK.) And hence, (Msb,) Gentle, delicate, nice, neat, or skilful, in work or operation; contr. of أَخْرَقُ . (S, O, Msb, K.) [Hence, also,] هٰذَا الأَمْرُ رَفِيقٌ بِكَ and رَافِقٌ بِكَ and رَافِقٌ عَلَيْكَ [This affair, or thing, is easy, or convenient, to thee: see أَرْفَقُ ]. (O.) Also A companion (JK, S, O, Msb, K) and companions (JK, S, O, K) in travel-ling, or journeying, and afterwards: (Kh, S, O, Msb, K:) used as sing. and pl., (JK, S, O, K,) like صَدِيقٌ (S, O) and خَلِيطٌ : (O:) pl. رُفَقَآءُ ; (JK, S, O, K;) with which رُفَاقَةٌ is syn., as in the phrase فِتْيَةٌ رُفَاقَةٌ [Young men companions &c.]. (JK.) See also رُفْقَةٌ . It is said in the Kur [iv. 71], وَحَسُنَ أُولَائِكَ رَفِيقًا , (JK, S, O,) meaning رُفَقَآءَ [i. e. And good, or very good, will be those as companions after the journey of life] in Paradise! (JK.) And Mohammad is related by 'Áïsheh to have said, [just before his death,] when he had been given his choice between continuance in the present world and what was with God, and had chosen the latter, بَلِ الرَّفِيقَ الأَعْلَى مِنَ الجَنَّةِ [Nay, rather, the highest companions of Paradise]; meaning, I desire the company, or congregation, of the prophets. (O.)
Nounرُفَاقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a company of people travelling togethergenerated

1

See رُفْقَةٌ and رَفِيقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رُفْقَةٌ and رَفِيقٌ .
Nounرَافِقٌ1 sense

Core sense — said of a camel: having the elbow twisted away from the sidegenerated

1

See رَفِيقٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَفِيقٌ , in two places.
Nounرَافِقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — said of a she-camel: having the elbow twisted away from the sidegenerated

1

See رِفْقٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رِفْقٌ .
Nounأَرْفَقُ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — more, or most, gentle; more convenient; having the elbow twisted from the sidegenerated

1

[Comparative and superlative of رَفِيقٌ: more, and most, gentle.]

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredthis affair, or thing, is more, or most, easy or convenient for you—هٰذَا الأَمْرُ أَرْفَقُ بِكَ

Also عَلَيْكَ; see the article عود.

[See also an instance under مَحْنِيَةٌ, in the article حنو, last sentence.]

2

Applied to a camel: having the elbow twisted away from the side, according to Lth; and so the feminine رَفْقَآءُ, applied to a she-camel.

But Az says that the adjective he kept in memory as heard from the Arabs, applied to a camel, is أَدْفَقُ, with دال.

2.1

According to As, رَفْقَآءُ, applied to a she-camel, means having the orifice of her teat stopped up; and so does رَفِقَةٌ, which Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh says means, so applied, having the orifices of her teats stopped up.

Show Lane's original text
[compar. and superl. of رَفِيقٌ ; meaning More, and most, gentle, &c.] [Hence,] one says, هٰذَا الأَمْرُ أَرْفَقُ بِكَ [and عَلَيْكَ ] This affair, or thing, is more, or most, easy, or convenient, to thee. (TA in art. عود .) [See also an instance voce مَحْنِيَةٌ (in art. حنو ), last sentence.] Also, applied to a camel, Having the elbow ( المِرْفَق ) distorted from the side: (JK, S, O, K:) so says Lth: (O:) and so the fem. رَفْقَآءُ , applied to a she-camel: (JK, S:) but Az says that the epithet preserved by him in his memory as heard from the Arabs applied to a camel is أَدْفَقُ , with دال . (O.) Accord. to As, (O,) رَفْقَآءُ applied to a she-camel signifies Having the orifice of her teat stopped up; (O, K;) and so رَفِقَةٌ : (K:) the latter is said by Zeyd Ibn-Kuthweh to signify, so applied, having the orifices of her teats stopped up. (O.)
Nounمَرْفَقٌ1 sense

Core sense — the elbow; a thing by which one profitsgenerated

1

See مِرْفَقٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see مِرْفَقٌ , in two places.
Nounمَرْفِقٌ1 sense

Core sense — the elbow; a thing by which one profitsgenerated

1

See the next entry, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next follows, in three places.
Nounمِرْفَقٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the elbow; a thing by which one profits; the conveniences of a housegenerated

1

This and مَرْفِقٌ are maṣdars of رَفَقَ, of which مَرْفَقٌ is also a maṣdar.

1.1And He will prepare for you a condition of your case by which you will profit—وَيُهَيِّئُ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ مِرْفَقًا

Also a thing by which one profits, or gains advantage or benefit.

In the Qur'ān 18:15; some readers have مَرْفِقًا. No one reads مَرْفَقًا, though that would be allowable, meaning رِفْقًا. [See رِفْقٌ, last sentence.]

The plural is مَرَافِقُ.

1.2the conveniences of a house, such as the privy and the kitchen—مَرَافِقُ الدَّارِ

Or the sinks and the like of a house; and particularly privies.

When used in these senses, the singular is مِرْفَقٌ only, with kesreh to the م and fetḥ to the ف, on the pattern of a noun of instrument.

[See also حَيِّزٌ in the article حوز.]

1.3the elbow, or elbow-joint—مِرْفَقٌ
the elbow, or elbow-joint—مَرْفِقٌ

From the same words in the sense explained above: the place where the ذِرَاع joins on to the عَضُد; that is, the place where the عَضُد is connected with the سَاعِد; the مرفق of a man.

[The same in a beast: the elbow, or elbow-joint, as under أَرْفَقُ and in countless other places; but under رُكْبَةٌ it seems to be applied to the knee of a beast.]

on this sense The plural is as above.

Show Lane's original text
and مَرْفِقٌ inf. ns. of رَفَقَ , (AZ, O, K,) of which مَرْفَقٌ also is an inf. n. (O, K.) Also A thing by which one profits, or gains advantage or benefit. (S, O, Msb, K.) It is said in the Kur [xviii. 15], وَيُهَيِّئُ لَكُمْ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ مِرْفَقًا or مَرْفِقًا , accord. to different readers, [i. e. And He will prepare for you a condition of your case by which ye shall profit], but no one reads مَرْفَقًا , (S, O,) which, however, is allowable, meaning رِفْقًا . (S. [See رِفْقٌ , last sentence.]) The pl. is مَرَافِقُ . (Msb.) [Hence,] مَرَافِقُ الدَّارِ Such appertenances [or conveniences] of the house as the privy and the kitchen and the like: (Mgh, Msb:) or the sinks, and the like, of the house: (S, O, K:) and particularly privies: (O:) when used in these senses, the sing. is مِرْفَقٌ only, with kesr to the م and fet-h to the ف , (Mgh, Msb,) likened to the noun signifying an instrument. (Msb.) [See also حَيِّزٌ , in art. حوز .] And from the same words in the sense expl. in the second sentence above, (Msb,) مِرْفَقٌ and مَرْفِقٌ signify also The elbow, or elbow-joint; the place where the ذِرَاع joins upon the عَضُد ; (S, O, K;) [in other words,] the place where the عَضُد is connected with the سَاعِد ; (Mgh;) the مرفق of a man: (Msb:) [and in like manner in a beast, the elbow, or elbowjoint, as in the JK, S, O, and K, voce أَرْفَقُ ; and in countless other instances: but in the K voce رُكْبَةٌ (q. v.), it seems to be applied to the knee of a beast:] pl. as above. (Msb.)
Nounمِرْفَقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a pillow one leans on with the elbowgenerated

1

A pillow upon which one leans [with the elbow]: from مِرْفَقٌ in the sense explained at the end of the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
A pillow (S, O, Mgh, K) upon which one leans [with the elbow]: from مِرْفَقٌ in the sense explained in the last sentence of the next preceding paragraph. (Mgh.)
Nounشَاةٌ مُرَفَّقَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a sheep, or goat, with the forelegs white to the elbowsgenerated

1

A sheep, or goat, having the forelegs white to the elbows.

Show Lane's original text
A sheep, or goat, having the fore legs white to the elbows. (O, K.)
Nounمِرْفَاقٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a camel whose elbow hurts his sidegenerated

1

A camel whose elbow hurts his side.

1.1

And a she-camel that is hurt by the صِرَار when her udder is bound with it, and from whom blood issues when she is loosed from it, or when she is milked.

Show Lane's original text
A camel whose elbow hurts ( يُصِيبُ ) his side. (O, K.) And A she-camel that is hurt by the صِرَار [q. v.] when her udder is bound therewith, and from whom blood issues (JK, O, K) when she is loosed [therefrom] ( إِذَا حُلَّتْ ), (JK,) or when she is milked ( اذا حُلِبَتْ ). (O, K.)
Nounمَرْفُوقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a camel with a complaint in his elbowgenerated

1

A camel having a complaint of his مِرْفَق, or elbow.

Show Lane's original text
A camel having a complaint of his مِرْفَق [or elbow]. (IDrd, O, K.)
Nounمُرْتَفَقٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place, or thing, one leans upon with the elbowgenerated

1

A place, or thing, upon which one leans, properly with the مِرْفَق, or elbow.

Lane cites “Bd in xviii. 28” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
Qur’ānic occurrences مُرْتَفَق 1 shown of 2
18:31
أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ جَنَّـٰتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهِمُ ٱلْأَنْهَـٰرُ يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِن ذَهَبٍ وَيَلْبَسُونَ ثِيَابًا خُضْرًا مِّن سُندُسٍ وَإِسْتَبْرَقٍ مُّتَّكِـِٔينَ فِيهَا عَلَى ٱلْأَرَآئِكِ ۚ نِعْمَ ٱلثَّوَابُ وَحَسُنَتْ مُرْتَفَقًا

For them will be Gardens of Eternity; beneath them rivers will flow; they will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold, and they will wear green garments of fine silk and heavy brocade: They will recline therein on raised thrones. How good the recompense! How beautiful a couch to recline on!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A place, or thing, upon which one leans [properly with the مِرْفَق , or elbow]. (Bd in xviii. 28 and 30.)
Nounمُرْتَفِقٌ2 senses

Core sense — leaning upon his elbow; full, or nearly fullgenerated

1

Leaning upon his elbow.

2

Also full, standing and continuing, or remaining; or nearly full: so explained by IAar as it occurs in the following verse of 'Obeyd Ibn-El-Abras, describing rain that had filled the low tracts of ground. See the article صوح.

shāhid 1
فَأَصْبَحَ الرَّوْضُ وَالقِيعَانُ مُمْرِعَةًمِنْ بَيْنِ مُرْتَفِقٍ مِنْهَا وَمُنْصَاحِ

[And the meadows, and the plain, or soft, low tracts, became abundant with herbage, partly by what was full in consequence of it, and partly by what was flowing, running upon the surface of the ground.]

Or, as some relate it, مُتْرَعَةً, that is, “filled”; and مُرْتَتِقٍ, which means herbage of which the blossoms have not yet come out of their calyxes; and مُنْصَاح, according to this reading, meaning herbage of which the blossoms have appeared. See the article صوح.

[Or, according to the reading مُرْتَتِقٍ, the meaning may be: partly such of the meadows and the like as were compact, and partly such as were cracked by the heat and drought.]

Another reading is

shāhid 2
مِنْ بَيْنِ مُرْتَفِقٍ مِنْهَا وَمِنْ طَاحِى

, with من طاحى, meaning “of what was flowing and going away”.

[Nearly the whole of this article is missing from the copies of the TA I have been able to consult.]

Show Lane's original text
Leaning upon his elbow. (S, O.) Also Full, standing, and continuing, or remaining: (O, K:) or nearly full: so explained by IAar as occurring in the following verse of 'Obeyd Ibn-El-Abras, (O,) describing rain that had filled the low tracts of ground: (TA in art. صوح :) 1 [And the meadows, and the plain, or soft, low tracts, became abundant with herbage, partly by what was full, &c., in consequence thereof, and partly by what was flowing, running upon the surface of the ground]: (O:) or, as some relate it, مُتْرَعَةً [i. e. “ filled ”]; and مُرْتَتِقٍ , which means herbage “ of which the blossoms have not yet come forth from their calyxes; ” and مُنْصَاح [accord. to this reading] meaning herbage “ of which the blossoms have appeared: ” (TA in art. صوح :) [or, accord. to the reading مُرْتَتِقٍ , the meaning may be, “ partly such as were compact thereof, ” i. e. of the meadows &c., “ and partly such as were cracked ” by the heat and drought:] another reading is 2 من طاحى meaning “ of what was flowing and going away. ” (TA ubi suprà.) [Nearly the whole of this art. is wanting in the copies of the TA to which I have had access.] فَأَصْبَحَ الرَّوْضُ وَالقِيعَانُ مُمْرِعَةً | مِنْ بَيْنِ مُرْتَفِقٍ مِنْهَا وَمُنْصَاحِ مِنْ بَيْنِ مُرْتَفِقٍ مِنْهَا وَمِنْ طَاحِى