رذل

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 10 · 12 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 4

Form 1رَذُلَ2 senses

muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarرَذَالَةٌ رَذْلٌ

Core sense — he became low, base, or vile; he pronounced him or it badgenerated

1.1

He (a man) became low, base, vile, or contemptible, in his appearance and in his circumstances. Or, said of a thing of any kind: it became bad, corrupt, vile, base, or disapproved.

maṣdar رَذَالَةٌ, رُذُلَةٌ, and رَذِلَ. Another muḍāriʿ is رَذَلَ.

1.2he pronounced him (a man) to be low, base, vile, or contemptible—رَذَلَهُ

maṣdar رَذْلٌ and ارذلهُ. Or, of a thing of any kind: he pronounced it to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, or disapproved.

he pronounced the dirhems, or pieces of money, to be bad—ارذل دَرَاهِمَ

he pronounced my dirhems, or pieces of money, to be bad—مِنْ دَرَاهِمِى كَذَا

Said of a man, or of a money-changer. Synonym: فَسَّلَهَا.

[he pronounced my sheep, or goats, to be bad; or he disapproved of them, or refused them]—ارذل غَنَمِى

he refused, or disapproved of, such and such of his men [as low, base, etc.]—ارذل مِنْ رِجَالِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا رَجُلًا

Show Lane's original text

, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) aor. رَذُلَ , (T, S, K,) inf. n. رَذَالَةٌ (T, S, M, Msb, K) and رُذُلَةٌ ; (S, M, Msb, K;) and رَذِلَ , aor. رَذَلَ ; (Sgh, K;) He (a man) was, or became, low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible; (T, S, M, K;) in his aspect, and in his states, or circumstances: (T:) or it (a thing, M, Msb, K, of any kind, M, K) was, or became, bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (M, Msb, K.) رَذَلَهُ , (S, M, K,) aor. رَذُلَ , inf. n. رَذْلٌ ; (M, TA;) and ارذلهُ ; (S, K;) He made, or pronounced, him (a man) to be low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: (S, * M, K, * TA:) or he made, or pronounced, it (a thing of any kind) to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (M, K. *) You say, ارذل دَرَاهِمَ , (T,) or مِنْ دَرَاهِمِى كَذَا , (TA,) He (a man, T, or a money-changer, TA) pronounced, or showed, dirhems or pieces of money, or such of my dirhems or pieces of money, to be bad; syn. فَسَّلَهَا . (T, TA.) And ارذل غَنَمِى [He pronounced my sheep, or goats, to be bad; or he disapproved, or refused, them]. (T, TA.) And ارذل مِنْ رِجَالِهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا رَجُلًا (T, TA) He disapproved, or refused, [as low, base, &c.,] of his men, such and such men. (TA.)

Form 4ارذل2 senses

Core sense — he had low, base companions; he pronounced him contemptiblegenerated

4.1

He had low, base, vile, or contemptible companions.

4.2

As a transitive verb: see Form 1, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

He had low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible, companions. (K.) As a trans. v.: see 1, in four places.

Form 10استرذلهُ1 sense

Core sense — he reckoned him low, base, or contemptiblegenerated

10.1[God does not desire that a servant, meaning a man, be low, base, vile, or contemptible, but He withholds from him knowledge and good discipline of the mind]—مَا ٱسْتَرْذَلَ ٱللّٰهُ عَبْدًا إِلَّا حَظَرَ عَنْهُ العِلْمَ وَالأَدَبَ

[He reckoned him, or found him, or desired that he might be, low, base, vile, or contemptible; or he reckoned it, or found it, or desired that it might be, bad, corrupt, vile, base, or disapproved:] the opposite of اِسْتَجَادَهُ.

From this comes the following tradition.

Show Lane's original text

[He reckoned him or esteemed him, or he found him to be, or he desired that he might be, low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: or he reckoned it or esteemed it, or found it to be, or desired that it might be, bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved:] contr. of اِسْتَجَادَهُ . (O, K.) Hence the trad., مَا ٱسْتَرْذَلَ ٱللّٰهُ عَبْدًا إِلَّا حَظَرَ عَنْهُ العِلْمَ وَالأَدَبَ [God desires not that a servant (meaning a man) may be low, base, vile, mean or contemptible, but He withholds from him knowledge, or science, and discipline of the mind, or good qualities and attributes of the mind or soul, &c.]. (O, TA.)

Derived nouns 9

Nounرَذْلٌ1 sense

Core sense — low, base, vile, or contemptible; bad, corruptgenerated

1[a man mean, or bad, in respect of clothes and of action]—رَجُلٌ رَذْلُ الثِّيَابِ

Applied to a man: low, base, vile, or contemptible, in his appearance and in his circumstances. Or, applied to a thing of any kind: bad, corrupt, vile, base, or disapproved. The same is true of رُذَالٌ, رَذِيلٌ, and أَرْذَلُ.

Feminine of the first with ة. Plural of the fewer number, of the first, أَرْذُلٌ, or أَرْذَالٌ [or this is more probably a plural of رَذِيلٌ, by analogy], and رُذُولٌ, and رُذَالٌ, which is of a rare form, [in the CK رُذّالٌ,] and رَذْلُونَ [which is applied only to rational beings], and رُذَلَآءُ, and, of the plural أَرْذُلٌ (said in the O to be of the plural أَرْذَالٌ), أَرَاذِلُ (so in some copies of the K in the place of أَرْذَالٌ), and [of الأَرْذَلُ] الأَرْذَلُونَ [which is applied only to rational beings, and is said to be used only with the article ال prefixed to it, though it is written without the ال in the K].

[a man mean, or bad, in respect of clothes and of action]—الفِعْلِ

a dirty, bad, or vile garment—ثَوْبٌ رَذْلٌ

a dirty garment—ثوب رَذِيلٌ

Also ثوب رَذِلٌ, so in a copy of the T, but perhaps a mistranscription for رَذْلٌ.

a bad, or vile, garment—ثوب رَذِيلٌ

Show Lane's original text

(T, S, M, Msb, K) and رُذَالٌ (S, K) and رَذِيلٌ and أَرْذَلُ (M, K) applied to a man, Low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible; (T, S, M, K;) in his aspect, and in his states, or circumstances: (T:) or, applied to a thing (M, Msb, K) of any kind, (M, K,) bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved: (M, Msb, K:) fem. of the first with ة : (M, Msb:) pl. [of pauc.], of the first, أَرْذُلٌ , (Msb,) or [of the same,] أَرْذَالٌ , (T, S, M, O, and so in some copies of the K,) [or this is more probably pl. of رَذِيلٌ , accord. to analogy,] and رُذُولٌ (S, M, K) and رُذَالٌ , (M, K,) which is of a rare form, (M,) [in the CK رُذّالٌ ,] and رَذْلُونَ , (T,) [which is applied only to rational beings,] and (of رَذِيلٌ , TA) رُذَلَآءُ , (S, M, K,) and, of the pl. أَرْذُلٌ , (Msb, [but] said in the O to be of [the pl.] أَرْذَالٌ , TA,) أَرَاذِلُ , (T, Msb, TA, and so in some copies of the K in the place of أَرْذَالٌ ,) and [of الأَرْذَلُ ,] الأَرْذَلُونَ , (T, M, K,) [which is applied only to rational beings, and is said in the M and TA to be used only with the article ال prefixed to it, but is written without the ال in the K.] You say رَجُلٌ رَذْلُ الثِّيَابِ and الفِعْلِ [A man mean, or bad, &c., in respect of clothes and of action]. (T, TA.) And ثَوْبٌ رَذْلٌ A dirty, bad, or vile, garment; (TA;) and so ثوب رَذِيلٌ : (M, TA:) or ثوب رَذِلٌ [so accord. to a copy of the T, but perhaps a mistranscription for رَذْلٌ ,] a dirty garment: and ثوب رَذِيلٌ a bad, or vile, garment. (T.)

Nounرَذِلٌ1 sense

Core sense — low, base, vile, or contemptiblegenerated

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next preceding paragraph.

Nounرُذَالٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the bad, or worst, of anything; the refuse of itgenerated

See رَذْلٌ [of which it is both a synonym and a plural].

1.1[they are the lower or lowest, or the refuse, of mankind]—هُمْ رُذَالَةُ النَّاسِ

This word, or رُذَالَةٌ, or both: the worse or worst, or the bad or vile, of anything; [or the refuse of it; that is,] a thing whose good part has been picked out, the bad or worse remaining.

[they are the lower or lowest, or the refuse, of the people]—رُذَالُهُمْ

Show Lane's original text

: see رَذْلٌ [of which it is both a syn. and a pl.]. Also, (S,) or رُذَالَةٌ , (T,) or both, (M, Msb, K,) The worse or viler, or the worst or vilest, (T,) or the bad, or vile, (S,) of anything: (T, S:) [or the refuse thereof; i. e.] a thing of which the good has been picked out, (M, Msb, K,) and the bad or vile, (M,) or the worse or viler, or worst or vilest, (Msb,) remains. (M, Msb.) You say also, هُمْ رُذَالَةُ النَّاسِ and رُذَالُهُمْ [They are the lower or baser &c., or lowest or basest &c., or the refuse, of mankind, or of the people]. (T.)

Nounرَذِيلٌ1 sense

Core sense — low, base, vile, or contemptiblegenerated

See رَذْلٌ, in five places.

Show Lane's original text

: see رَذْلٌ , in five places.

Nounرُذَالَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — the bad, or worst, of anything; the refuse of itgenerated

See رُذَالٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text

: see رُذَالٌ , in two places.

Nounرَذِيلَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a low, base, vile, or bad qualitygenerated

A low, base, vile, contemptible, or bad quality; the opposite of فَضِيلَةٌ.

Plural رَذَائِلُ.

Show Lane's original text

A low, base, vile, mean, contemptible, or bad, quality; contr. of فَضِيلَةٌ ; (M, K:) pl. رَذَائِلُ . (TA.)

Nounرُذَالَى1 sense

Core sense — the worse, or worst, of anythinggenerated

See the next entry.

Show Lane's original text

: see the next paragraph.

Nounأَرْذَلُ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the worse, or worst; the worst part of lifegenerated

See رَذْلٌ, in two places.

1.1[the worse, or worst, part of life]—أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ

Also: the worse, or worst.

[In the K, immediately after the words وَأَرْذَلَ صَارَ أَصْحَابُهُ رُذَلَآءَ, we find, in some copies, وَرُذَالَى كَحُبَارَى وَأَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤْهُ, and in other copies, وَرُذَالَى كَحُبَارَى أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤُهُ. According to the former reading the meaning is that رُذَالَى is synonymous with رُذَلَآءُ, and SM holds this to be the case; according to the latter reading, that رُذَالَى is synonymous with أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ. I have no doubt that the latter is the original reading in the K, and that it is taken from the O, where (with a preceding context different from that in the K) the words are وَرُذَالَى اَرذَلِ العُمُرِ اَسْوَؤُهُ, thus, with ارذل in the genitive case. But I believe, as this word so written suggests, and as some persons alluded to by MF have supposed, that كحبارى has been forced into the text of the K through a misunderstanding or a mistranscription of the words in question in some work earlier than the O; that the correct reading is وَرُدَّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ أَسْوَئِهِ; and that this is taken from what follows here.]

[And of you is he who is brought back to] the worse, or worst, [part] of life—وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرَدُّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ

It is said in the Qur'ān 16:72 and 22:5.

Also: the more, or most, contemptible part of it; a state of decrepitude and dotage, which resembles the state of a young infant; meaning one who dotes by reason of old age, so that he has no intellect, as is shown by the words immediately following in the same passage, لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا, or مِنْ بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا.

Qur’ānic occurrences أَرْذَل 2 shown of 4

16:70

وَٱللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ ثُمَّ يَتَوَفَّىٰكُمْ ۚ وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰٓ أَرْذَلِ ٱلْعُمُرِ لِكَىْ لَا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْـًٔا ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ قَدِيرٌ

It is Allah who creates you and takes your souls at death; and of you there are some who are sent back to a feeble age, so that they know nothing after having known (much): for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.

26:111

قَالُوٓا۟ أَنُؤْمِنُ لَكَ وَٱتَّبَعَكَ ٱلْأَرْذَلُونَ

They said: "Shall we believe in thee when it is the meanest that follow thee?"

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

: see رَذْلٌ , in two places. Also The worse, or worst: so in the phrase أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ [The worse, or worst, part of life]. (O, K.) [In the K, immediately after the words وَأَرْذَلَ صَارَ أَصْحَابُهُ رُذَلَآءَ , we find, in some copies, وَرُذَالَى كَحُبَارَى وَأَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤْهُ ; and in other copies, وَرُذَالَى كَحُبَارَى أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ أَسْوَؤُهُ : accord. to the former reading, the meaning is, that رُذَالَى is syn. with رُذَلَآءُ ; and such SM holds to be the case: accord. to the latter reading, that رُذَالَى is syn. with أَرْذَلُ العُمُرِ . I have no doubt that the latter is the original reading in the K, and that it is taken from the O, where (with a preceding context different from that in the K) the words are, وَرُذَالَى اَرذَلِ العُمُرِ اَسْوَؤُهُ ; thus, with ارذل in the gen. case: but I believe, as this word thus written suggests, and as some persons, alluded to by MF, have supposed, that كحبارى has been foisted into the text of the K in consequence of a misunderstanding or of a mistranscription of the words in question in some work earlier than the O; that the correct reading is, وَرُدَّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ أَسْوَئِهِ ; and that this is taken from what here follows.] It is said in the Kur [xvi. 72 and xxii. 5], وَمِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرَدُّ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ العُمُرِ , (T, TA,) i. e. [And of you is he who is brought back to] the worse, or worst, [part] of life, (Ksh and Bd and Jel,) and the more, or most, contemptible thereof; (Ksh in xvi. 72;) a state of decrepitude and dotage; (Ksh and Bd and Jel;) which resembles the state of a young infant: (Ksh and Bd:) meaning he who dotes by reason of old age, so that he has no intellect; as is shown by the words in the same [immediately following], لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا or مِنْ بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْئًا . (T, TA. *)

Nounمَرْذُولٌ1 sense

Core sense — made, or pronounced, low, base, or contemptiblegenerated

A man pronounced to be low, base, vile, or contemptible; and a thing pronounced to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, or disapproved.

Show Lane's original text

A man made, or pronounced, to be low, base, vile, mean, or contemptible: (S, * TA:) and a thing made, or pronounced, to be bad, corrupt, vile, base, abominable, or disapproved. (TA.)