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ردى

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Form 1رَدِىَ10 senses · 3 main
maṣdarرَدًى رَدْىٌ رَدْوٌ رَدَيَانٌmuḍāriʿيَرْدَى يَرْدِى يَرْدُو

Core sense — he perished; he fell into a pit; he broke it, or threw stones at himgenerated

1.1

He (a man) perished..

[See an example in the Kur 20:17.]

Qur’ān 20:14 approximate — somewhere between 20:1 and 20:61 Lane cites “Kur xx. 17”
Qur’ān 20:16 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
فَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَن لَّا يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُ فَتَرْدَىٰ

"Therefore let not such as believe not therein but follow their own lusts, divert thee therefrom, lest thou perish!"..Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1.1he fell into a well; or he tumbled down into a deep hollow, or pit—رَدِىَ

Or the last of these verbs has this meaning; or it means he fell into a deep hollow, or pit; or he tumbled down from a mountain, and so the first, or the second.

maṣdar رَدًى or رَدَى; or both of these verbs are used, the muḍāriʿ of the latter being يَرْدِى and تردّى.

he fell from a mountain and died—تردّى
when he falls into the abyss of the fire [of Hell]—تَرَدَّى إِذَا

In the Kur 92:11. Or: into the cavity of the grave; or into the lowest depth of Hell; or when he perishes; or when he dies.

1.1.2he (a man) went away—رَدَى
I do not know where he went away, or has gone away—مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ رَدَى
1.2he broke it, namely a thing, with a stone—رَدَاهُ

Or he beat, or battered, a stone with a piece of rock, or with a pickaxe, in order to break it.

.

1.2.1

And he dashed himself against him, or knocked against him, as the pickaxe knocks against the stone.

1.2.2he threw at him, or threw at him and hit him, with a stone, or stones—رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ

Or بِحِجَارَةٍ; maṣdar رَدْىٌ and رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ; also, with و for the final radical, like رَدَأَهُ and دَرَأَهُ.

[It is also said in the T, with reference to مِرْدَاةٌ as meaning a large stone with which other stones are beaten, or battered, الرَّدْىُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ رَفْعٌ بِهَا وَرَمْىٌ بِهَا; but I think that رَفْعٌ is a miscopying for دَفْعٌ, and that what is meant is that رَدْىٌ means the thrusting with a مِرْدَاة and the throwing it, or throwing with it.]

1.2.3he beat, or battered, the ground with his hoofs, said of a horse—رَدَى

Or رَدَيَانٌ means the same as تَقْرِيبٌ (AZ, T, M: [see form 2 in the article قرب]); or it is [a manner of going] between running and walking; or the running of the horse or of the ass between his آرِىّ [his place of confinement, or the loop to which he is tied] and his مُتَمَعَّك [his place of rolling on the ground]; so El-Munteji' Ibn-Nebhán explained it to As.

In the K, رَجَمَتْ is wrongly put for رَجَمَ, apparently taken from the M, where it refers to horses, not to a single horse; and so too does the pronoun in بِحَوَافِرِهَا in the same part of the passage in the K and in the M.

According to AZ, this is from رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى, explained in what follows.

[Hence, apparently.], and رَدَا (K and TA in the article ردو; in the CK و is omitted before the word لُغَةٌ in that article). [And according to Freytag, ارتدى is used in the same sense by Jereer.]

the ground—رَجَمَ الأَرْضَ

This is in running, or in going along, and in running, or in going at a pace between running and violent walking.

1.2.4the girl raised one leg and went along on the other, in play—رَدَتِ الجَارِيَةُ

Also اِرْتَدَت.

the girls played, raising one leg and going along on the other—الجَوَارِى يُرْدِينَ

Maṣdar رَدَيَانٌ or يَرْتَدِينَ; or only one of them raises one leg and goes along on the other.

the girls' play in which one of them raises one leg and steps twice with the other—رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى
the boy raised one leg and leaped, or hopped, with the other—رَدَى الغُلَامُ
the crow, or raven, raised one leg and hopped on the other, or leaped along—رَدَى الغُرَابُ

She then puts it down and raises the other, doing this several times.

.

1.3my sheep, or goats, increased, or exceeded—رَدَتْ غَنَمِى

Also أَرْدَتْ.

1.3.1I exceeded the thing—رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ
I exceeded the thing—ارديت
it exceeded another thing—اردى عَلَى غَيْرِهِ

Also اردأ [q. v.].

I exceeded [the age of fifty, and eighty]—رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الخَمْسِينَ

The same is said with الثَّمَانِينَ and with ارديت.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
20:16
فَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَن لَّا يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَٱتَّبَعَ هَوَىٰهُ فَتَرْدَىٰ

"Therefore let not such as believe not therein but follow their own lusts, divert thee therefrom, lest thou perish!"..

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
aor. يَرْدَى , inf. n. رَدًى , He (a man, TA) perished. (S, M, Msb, K.) [See an ex. in the Kur xx. 17.] And رَدِىَ (AZ, T, M, and so in a copy of the S,) aor. يَرْدَى , (AZ, T,) inf. n. رَدًى ; (M;) or رَدَى ; (K, and so in copies of the S;) or both of these verbs; aor. of the latter يَرْدِى ; (TA;) and تردّى ; (S, M, K;) He fell into a well: (AZ, * T, * S, K:) or he tumbled down into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit: (M:) or ↓ the last of these verbs has this meaning: (Lth, T:) or it signifies he fell into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit: (Msb:) or he tumbled down (S) from a mountain; (AZ, T, S;) and so the first, or second: (S:) and تردّى signifies he fell from a mountain and died. (TA.) تَرَدَّى إِذَا , in the Kur [xcii. 11], means When he falls into the abyss of the fire [of Hell]: (T, * TA:) or into the cavity of the grave: or into the lowest depth of Hell: or when he perishes: (Bd:) or when he dies. (T.) And رَدَى He (a man) went away. (K.) You say, مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ رَدَى I know not whither he went away, or has gone away. (S.) رَدَاهُ , (S, M, K,) aor. يَرْدِى , (M,) inf. n. رَدْىٌ , (TK,) He broke it; (M, K;) namely, a thing with a stone: (M:) or he beat it, [or battered it,] namely, a stone with a piece of rock, or with a pickaxe, in order to break it. (S.) And He dashed himself against him, or knocked against him, (S, K, TA,) like as the pickaxe knocks against the stone. (TA.) And رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ , (T, K,) or بِحِجَارَةٍ , (S,) aor. يَرْدِى , inf. n. رَدْىٌ ; (T;) and رَدَاهُ بِحَجَرٍ , (K and TA in art. ردو ,) aor. يَرْدُو , inf. n. رَدْوٌ , (TA,) with و for the final radical; (K, TA;) [like رَدَأَهُ , and دَرَأَهُ ;] He threw at him, or threw at him and hit him, with a stone, or stones. (T, S, M.) [It is also said in the T, with reference to مِرْدَاةٌ , as signifying a large stone with which other stones are beaten, or battered, الرَّدْىُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ رَفْعٌ بِهَا وَرَمْىٌ بِهَا ; but I think that رَفْعٌ is a mistranscription for دَفْعٌ ; and that the meaning intended to be expressed by these words is, that رَدْىٌ signifies The thrusting with a مِرْدَاة ; and the throwing it, or with it.] [Hence, app.,] رَدَى said of a horse, (As, ISk, T, S, M, K,) aor. يَرْدِى , (As, ISk, T, S, K,) inf. n. رَدْىٌ and رَدَيَانٌ ; (ISk, S, M, K;) and رَدَا , (K and TA in art. ردو , [in the CK, و is omitted before the word لُغَةٌ in that art.,]) aor. يَرْدُو ; (TA;) [and, accord. to Freytag, ارتدى is used in the same sense by Jereer;] He beat, or battered, the ground, ( رَجَمَ الأَرْضَ , As, ISk, T, S, ISk, T, S, M, K,) with his hoofs, (M, K, TA,) in running, (As, T,) or in going along, and in running, (M,) or in going a pace between running and vehement walking: (ISk, S:) or رَدَيَانٌ signifies the same as تَقْرِيبٌ : (AZ, T, M: [see 2 in art. قرب :]) or it is [a manner of going] between running and walking: (K:) or the running (T, S, M) of the horse (T) or of the ass (S, M) between his آرِىّ [or place of confinement, or the loop to which he is tied,] and his مُتَمَعَّك [or place of rolling upon the ground]; (T, S, M;) thus explained by El-Munteji' Ibn-Nebhán, (T, S,) to As. (S.) In the K, رَجَمَتْ is erroneously put for رَجَمَ ; being app. taken from the M, in which it refers to horses; [not to a single horse;] as does also the pronoun in بِحَوَافِرِهَا , in the same portion of the passage in the K and in the M. (TA.) Accord. to AZ, this is from رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى , explained in what follows. (Ham p. 221.) You say, رَدَتِ الجَارِيَةُ The girl raised one leg and went along upon the other, in play; (K, TA;) and so اِرْتَدَت : (TA:) and الجَوَارِى يُرْدِينَ , inf. n. رَدَيَانٌ ; (M;) or يَرْتَدِينَ ; (T;) the girls played, (T, M,) raising one leg, (M,) or one of them raising one leg, (T,) and going along upon the other: (T, M:) or رَدَيَانُ الجَوَارِى signifies the girls' playing in which one of them raises one leg and steps with the other two steps, and then puts it down and raises the other, doing thus several times. (AZ, Ham p. 221.) And رَدَى الغُلَامُ The boy raised one leg and leaped, or jumped, [or hopped,] with the other. (S.) And رَدَى الغُرَابُ , (M, K,) aor. يَرْدِى , (T,) The crow, or raven, raised one leg and hopped on the other; or leaped along. (T, M, K.) رَدَتْ غَنَمِى My sheep, or goats, increased, or exceeded; as also أَرْدَتْ . (Fr, M, K.) And رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الشَّىْءِ and ارديت I exceeded the thing. (M.) And اردى عَلَى غَيْرِهِ It exceeded another thing; as also اردأ [q. v.] (M in art. ردأ .) And رَدَيْتُ عَلَى الخَمْسِينَ , (S, M, *) and الثَّمَانِينَ , (M,) and ارديت , (S,) I exceeded [the age of fifty, and eighty]. (S, M. *)
Form 2ردّاهُ2 senses
maṣdarتَرْدِيَةٌ

Core sense — he threw him down into a pit; he clad him with an outer garmentgenerated

2.1he made him fall, or threw him down, into a deep hollow, or pit, or into a well—ارداهُ

. The head-word itself has each of these meanings.

He (God) overthrew him—ارداهُ
2.2I clad him with a رِدَآء [q. v.]—رَدَّيْتُهُ

Maṣdar as above.

Show Lane's original text
, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَرْدِيَةٌ , (Msb,) He made him to fall, or threw him down, (Msb, K,) into a deep hollow, or cavity, or pit, (Msb,) or into a well; as also ارداهُ . (K.) He (God) overthrew him; as also ارداهُ . (M.) رَدَّيْتُهُ , inf. n. as above, I clad him with a رِدَآء [q. v.]. (S.)
Form 3رَادَيْتُ عَن القَوْم2 senses
maṣdarمُرَادَاةٌ

Core sense — I threw stones in defence of the people; he tried to win him overgenerated

3.1

I contended in throwing stones in defence of the people, or party..

3.2he tried to turn him, or to turn him by flattery or by trickery; he tried to entice him to turn—راداهُ

The maṣdar is as above. It is synonymous with رَاوَدَهُ, being formed from it by transposition; or with دَاوَرَهُ, which means the same; عَلَى الأَمْرِ [to the thing, or affair]. (On the authority of A 'Obeyd.)

And it is synonymous with دَارَاهُ: he treated him with gentleness or flattery; soothed, coaxed, or cajoled him; or he deceived, beguiled, or outwitted him, or tried to do so. (The first on the authority of A 'Obeyd.)

Or, according to AA, it is the same as دَاجَاهُ, دَالَاهُ, and فَانَاهُ, all of which are synonymous with دَارَاهُ.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, K. *) inf. n. مُرَادَاةٌ , (S,) I contended in throwing stones in defence of the people, or party. (S, K. *) راداهُ , (T, S, M, K,) inf. n. as above, (TA,) is also syn. with رَاوَدَهُ [He endeavoured to turn him; or to turn him by blandishment, or by deceitful arts; or to entice him to turn]; (S, M, K;) formed from the latter by transposition; (S;) or دَاوَرَهُ [which means the same]; عَلَى الأَمْرِ [to the thing, or affair]: (T as on the authority of A 'Obeyd:) and دَارَاهُ [which means the same; or he treated him with gentleness, or blandishment; soothed, coaxed, wheedled, or cajoled, him; or he deceived, deluded, beguiled, circumvented, or outwitted, him; or endeavoured, or desired, to do so]; (S, M, K; the first as on the authority of A 'Obeyd;) or, accord. to AA, i. q. دَاجَاهُ and دَالَاهُ and فَانَاهُ [all of which are syn. with دَارَاهُ ]. (T.)
Form 4ارداهُ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he caused him to perish, he destroyed himgenerated

4.1you almost caused me to perish, or destroyed me—إِنْ كِدْتَ لَتُرْدِينِ

In the Kur 37:54.

He (God, or another) caused him to perish; he destroyed him.

4.1.1

See also form 2, in two places.

4.1.2

Also: he made him, a horse, go in the manner meant by the verb رَدَى [q. v., that is, beating, or battering, the ground, and so on].

So according to the M and K, except that both use the feminine pronoun, in the M referring to horses and in the K improperly to a single horse.

4.1.3

See also form 1, last four sentences.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
6:137
وَكَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ قَتْلَ أَوْلَـٰدِهِمْ شُرَكَآؤُهُمْ لِيُرْدُوهُمْ وَلِيَلْبِسُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ دِينَهُمْ ۖ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فَعَلُوهُ ۖ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ

Even so, in the eyes of most of the pagans, their "partners" made alluring the slaughter of their children, in order to lead them to their own destruction, and cause confusion in their religion. If Allah had willed, they would not have done so: But leave alone them and their inventions.

37:56
قَالَ تَٱللَّهِ إِن كِدتَّ لَتُرْدِينِ

He said: "By Allah! thou wast little short of bringing me to perdition!

41:23
وَذَٰلِكُمْ ظَنُّكُمُ ٱلَّذِى ظَنَنتُم بِرَبِّكُمْ أَرْدَىٰكُمْ فَأَصْبَحْتُم مِّنَ ٱلْخَـٰسِرِينَ

"But this thought of yours which ye did entertain concerning your Lord, hath brought you to destruction, and (now) have ye become of those utterly lost!"

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
He (i. e. God, M, or another, S, M *) caused him to perish; or destroyed him. (S, M, K.) Hence, (M,) in the Kur [xxxvii. 54], إِنْ كِدْتَ لَتُرْدِينِ Verily thou almost causedst me to perish, or destroyedst me. (T, M. *) See also 2, in two places. Also He made him (i. e. a horse) to go in the manner signified by the verb رَدَى [q. v., meaning, beating, or battering, the ground, &c.]: so accord. to the M and K, except that, in both, the fem. pronoun is used, in the M referring to horses, and in the K improperly referring to a single horse. (TA.) See also 1, last four sentences.
Form 5تردّى5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he put on an outer garment; he hung his sword on himself; he was overthrowngenerated

5.1

See form 1, second and third sentences, in four places.

5.1.1

He was, or became, overthrown.

5.2he put on, or wore, a رِدَآء [q. v.]—ارتدى

The head-word has the same meaning.

In the K the verbs are feminine [as said of a woman].

Or the forms so used are تردّى بِرِدَآءٍ and ارتدى بِهِ.

5.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe hung his sword on himself, putting its suspensory belt or cord on his neck or shoulder—تردّى بِسَيْفِهِ

Also ارتدى. Synonymous with تَقَلَّدَهُ.

5.2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe girl, or young woman, put on, or decked herself with, a وِشَاح [q. v.]—تردّت الجَارِيَةُ

This ornament is also called رِدَآء.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 5
92:11
وَمَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥٓ إِذَا تَرَدَّىٰٓ

Nor will his wealth profit him when he falls headlong (into the Pit).

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, second and third sentences, in four places. He was, or became, overthrown. (M.) Also, and ارتدى , He put on, or clad himself with, or wore, a رِدَآء [q. v.]: (S, K: but in the latter the verbs are fem. [as said of a woman]:) or so تردّى بِرِدَآءٍ and ارتدى بِهِ . (M, Msb.) And تردّى بِسَيْفِهِ , and ارتدى , He hung upon himself his sword, putting its suspensory belt or cord upon his neck or shoulder; syn. تَقَلَّدَهُ . (M.) And تردّت الجَارِيَةُ The girl, or young woman, put on, or decked herself with, a وِشَاح [q. v.], which is also called رِدَآء . (T, K.)
Form 8ارتدى3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he put on an outer garment; he carried me on his shouldergenerated

8.1

See form 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places.

8.2

See also form 5, in three places; and see an example under رِدَآءٌ.

8.2.1he carried me, or bore me, on his shoulder, in the place of the رِدَآء—اِرْتَدَانِى
Show Lane's original text
: see 1, in the latter half of the paragraph, in three places. See also 5, in three places: and see an ex. voce رِدَآءٌ [Hence,] اِرْتَدَانِى He carried me, or bore me, upon his shoulder, in the place of the رِدَآء . (Ham p. 471.)

Derived nouns 13

Nounرَدًى3 senses

Core sense — excess, redundance, superfluity; perishing, destructiongenerated

1

A maṣdar of رَدِىَ [q. v.].

2I have not attained to your excess, and so on, in your gift—مَا بَلَغْتُ رَدَى عَطِيَّتِكَ

Also excess, redundance, or superfluity; synonymous with زِيَادَةٌ.

the excess of your saying pleases me—يُعْجِبُنِى رَدَى قَوْلِكَ

And so in the saying of Kutheiyir, meaning [He has a covenant of love, or affection, into which he has entered, which has not been sullied, and] which excess of kind speech, on his part, [recent and of long duration,] adorns.

shāhid
لَهُ عَهْدُ وُدٍّ لَمْ يَكَدَّرْ يَزِينُهُرَدَى قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ حَدِيثٍ وَمُزْمِنِ

Or, [as ISd cites the verse,] رَدِى قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ, and so on. [And he adds:] it is said, in explanation of this, that رَدِى means زِيَادَة; and I think that it is a maṣdar, of the measure فَعِلٌ, like ضَحِكٌ and حَبِقٌ, or a noun put in the place of a maṣdar.

3

See also رَدَاةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
an inf. n. of رَدِىَ [q. v.]. (S, M, Msb, K.) Also Excess, redundance, or superfluity; syn. زِيَادَةٌ : so in the saying, مَا بَلَغْتُ رَدَى عَطِيَّتِكَ , i. e. I have not attained to thy excess, &c., in thy gift: and يُعْجِبُنِى رَدَى قَوْلِكَ The excess of thy saying pleases me: and so in the saying of Kutheiyir, 1 meaning [He has a covenant of love, or affection, into which he has entered, which has not been sullied, and] which excess of kind speech, on his part, [recent and of long duration,] adorns: (T:) or, [as ISd cites the verse,] رَدِى قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ &c.: [and he adds,] it is said, in explanation thereof, that رَدِى means زِيَادَة ; and I think that it is an inf. n., of the measure فَعِلٌ , like ضَحِكٌ and حَبِقٌ , or a subst. put in the place of an inf. n. (M.) لَهُ عَهْدُ وُدٍّ لَمْ يَكَدَّرْ يَزِينُهُ | رَدَى قَوْلِ مَعْرُوفٍ حَدِيثٍ وَمُزْمِنِ See also رَدَاةٌ .
Nounرَدٍ2 senses

Core sense — perishing, said of a mangenerated

1

Perishing; applied to a man. [Originally رَدِىٌ.] The feminine is رَدِيَةٌ.

2

See also the preceding paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
[originally رَدِىٌ ] Perishing; (IAar, T, S, M, K;) applied to a man: fem. رَدِيَةٌ . (S, K.) See also the next preceding paragraph.
Nounرِدْيَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a manner of wearing the outer garmentgenerated

1he is comely in the manner of wearing the ردآء—هُوَ حَسَنُ الرِّدْيَةِ

A mode, or manner, of wearing the رِدَآء, like رِكْبَةٌ from الرُّكُوبُ, and جِلْسَةٌ from الجُلُوسُ.

Show Lane's original text
A mode, or manner, of wearing the رِدَآء : (S, M, * Msb: *) like رِكْبَةٌ from الرُّكُوبُ , and جِلْسَةٌ from الجُلُوسُ : (S:) you say, هُوَ حَسَنُ الرِّدْيَةِ [He is comely in respect of the manner of wearing the ردآء ] (S, M, Msb.)
Nounرَدَاةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a rock, a great mass of hard stonegenerated

1

A rock; a piece of rock; a great mass of stone, or of hard stone.

Plural رَدَيَاتٌ; and the collective generic noun رَدًى.

Show Lane's original text
A rock; or piece of rock; or great mass of stone, or of hard stone: (Fr, T, S, K:) pl. رَدَيَاتٌ (Fr, T) and [coll. gen. n.] رَدًى . (S, K.)
Nounرِدَآءٌ13 senses · 1 main

Core sense — an outer wrapping garment covering the upper half of the body; a sword; debtgenerated

1

A certain garment; a kind of مِلْحَفَة [or outer wrapping garment], well known; one of the garments that are not cut and sewed; [being of a single piece;] covering the upper half of the body; or lying on the shoulders and back; or falling upon the belly and ending there.

[A رداء worn by Mohammad, "thrown over the left shoulder and wrapped round the body under the right arm," is described as "four cubits long and two cubits and a span wide." (Sprenger's Life of Mohammad, Part 1, English edition, pages 86 and 87.)]

It is masculine, and it is not allowable to make it feminine. The dual is رِدَاآنِ and رِدَاوَانِ, the latter being allowable but the former preferable; and the plural is أَرْدِيَةٌ.

The رِدَآء is also called رِدَآءَةٌ, just as the إِزَار is also called إِزَارَةق and مِرْدَاةٌ, of which the plural is مَرَادٍ.

This plural occurs in the saying: [He will not wear outer wrapping garments of silk, nor will he be seen at the porch of the commander, or prince, unless for the purpose of milking the sheep, or goat, and the camel.]

shāhid
لَا يَرْتَدِى مَرَادِىَ الحَرِيرِوَلَا يُرَى بِسُدَّةِ الأَمِيرِإِلَّا لِحَلْبِ الشَّاْةِ وَالبَعِيرِ

Here المَرَادِى means الأَرْدِيَة; but according to Th it has no singular.

[Or] مَرَادٍ means waist-wrappers; synonymous with أُزُرٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredlank in her belly—صِفْرُ رِدَائِهَا

In a description of Umm-Zara, in a tradition; as though her ردآء were empty.

1.2figurative · مجازabounding in beneficence—غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ
a life ample, or plentiful, in its means—عَيْشٌ غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ
1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe beauty and softness, or delicateness, of youth—رِدَآءُ الشَّبَابِ
1.4figurative · مجاز — inferredthe light, or the beauty and light, of the sun—رِدَآءُ الشَّمْسِ
1.5figurative · مجاز — inferreda sword—رِدَآءٌ

ISd says: I think it is so called as being likened to the garment of this name, because it is hung by its suspensory cords on the neck and shoulder [like that garment]. [See also مِرْدًى near the end of the paragraph.]

Mutemmem says: [El-Minhál has shrouded beneath his sword a young man not greedy in the evenings, when the chief meal is eaten, one who excited the admiration of the beholder.]

shāhid 1
لَقَدْ كَفَّنَ المِنْهَالُ تَحْتَ رِدَائِهِفَتًى غَيْرَ مِبْطَانِ العَشِيَّاتِ أَرْوَعَا

El-Minhál had killed the poet's brother Málik; and when a man killed another who was a celebrated man, he used to lay his sword upon him, so that his killer might be known. [But see a long story about this verse in the Ham, pages 370-372.]

And El-Khansà says: [And in many a calamity which a committer of a crime has brought about, you have made your sword to be as a covering for the head.]

shāhid 2
جَعَلْتَ رِدَآءَكَ فِيهَا خِمَارَاوَدَاهِيَةٍ جَرَّهَا جَارِمٌ

The meaning is: you have struck the necks of your enemies with your sword as with a خمار [which means a woman's "muffler" and a man's "turban"].

1.6figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also a bow; because it is borne on the shoulder, which is the place of the رداء [properly so called].

1.7figurative · مجاز — inferred

And [for the same reason] the ornament called وِشَاح [q. v., worn by women]. So in a verse of El-Aashà, cited under رَقْرَقَ.

1.8figurative · مجاز — inferred

And a bier; because it is borne on the place of the رداء [properly so called, that is, on the shoulder].

1.9figurative · مجازhe is little burdened with debt—هُوَ خَفِيفُ الرِّدَآءِ

And debt; because it is [regarded as] a thing that clings to the neck of the debtor, as the رداء [properly so called] clings to the shoulders of the wearer.

It also means: little burdened in respect of household. [See also an example under نَسَآءٌ.]

1.10figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also intelligence.

1.11figurative · مجاز — inferred

And ignorance; both on the authority of IAar.

1.12figurative · مجاز — inferred

He says also that it means anything that is the pride, or ornament, of a person — one's house and one's father, for instance, or one's house and one's beast; each of these, he says, is one's رداء [or pride]. So it is a thing that graces, and also a thing that disgraces, having two opposite meanings; so in the K, referring to the meanings "intelligence" and "ignorance". But this requires consideration.

Show Lane's original text
A certain garment; (S, Msb;) a kind of مِلْحَفَة [or outer wrapping garment], (M, K,) well known; (K;) one of the garments that are not cut and sewed; (Mgh in art. قطع , and MF voce إِزَارٌ ;) [being of a single piece;] covering the upper half of the body; or lying upon the shoulders and back; (MF voce إِزَارٌ ;) or falling upon the belly and there ending: (TA voce صِفْرٌ :) [a رداء worn by Mohammad, “thrown over the left shoulder and wrapped round the body under the right arm,” is described as “four cubits long and two cubits and a span wide:” (Sprenger's Life of Mohammad, Part I, English ed., pp. 86 and 87:)] it is of the masc. gender, and it is not allowable to make it fem.: (IAmb, Msb:) the dual is رِدَاآنِ and رِدَاوَانِ the latter being allowable, (S, Msb,) but the former being preferable: (S:) and the pl. is أَرْدِيَةٌ : (S, M, Msb:) the رِدَآء is also called رِدَآءَةٌ , (M, K, TA, [in the CK رِداة ,]) like as the إِزَار is also called إِزَارَةق ; (M;) and مِرْدَاةٌ , (K, TA, in the CK مَرْداة ,) of which the pl. is مَرَادٍ , (TA,) occurring in the saying, 1 [He will not wear outer wrapping garments of silk, nor will he be seen at the porch of the commander, or prince, unless for the purpose of milking the sheep, or goat, and the camel]; (M, TA;) المَرَادِى meaning الأَرْدِيَة ; (M;) but accord. to Th, it has no sing.: (M, TA:) [or] مَرَادٍ signifies waist-wrappers; syn. أُزُرٌ . (K.) لَا يَرْتَدِى مَرَادِىَ الحَرِيرِ | وَلَا يُرَى بِسُدَّةِ الأَمِيرِ | إِلَّا لِحَلْبِ الشَّاْةِ وَالبَعِيرِ Hence, صِفْرُ رِدَائِهَا , in a description of Umm-Zara, in a trad., meaning Lank in her belly; as though her ردآء were empty. (TA in art. صفر .) And غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ Abounding in beneficence. (T, M, K, TA.) And عَيْشٌ غَمْرُ الرِّدَآءِ A life ample, or plentiful, in its means. (TA.) And رِدَآءُ الشَّبَابِ The beauty, and softness, tenderness, or delicateness, of youth. (T.) And رِدَآءُ الشَّمْسِ The light, (M,) or beauty and light, (T,) of the sun. (T, M.) رِدَآءٌ also signifies A sword; (T, M, K;) [ISd says,] I think, as being likened to the garment thus called; (M;) [i. e.] because it is hung, by its suspensory cords, upon the neck and shoulder [like that garment]. (T.) [See also مِرْدًى , near the end of the paragraph.] Mutemmem says, 1 [Verily El-Minhál has shrouded beneath his sword a young man not voracious in the evenings, when the chief meal is eaten, one who excited the admiration of the beholder]: for El-Minhál had slain his [the poet's] brother Málik; and when a man slew another who was a celebrated man, he used to lay his sword upon him, in order that his slayer might be known. (M. [But see, in relation to this verse, a long story in the Ham pp. 370-372.]) And El-Khansà says, 2 [And in many a calamity which a committer of a crime has brought to pass, thou hast made thy sword to be as a covering to the head]; meaning, thou hast smitten, therein, the necks of thine enemies with thy sword like the خمار [which means a woman's “muffler” and a man's “turban”]. (T.) لَقَدْ كَفَّنَ المِنْهَالُ تَحْتَ رِدَائِهِ | فَتًى غَيْرَ مِبْطَانِ العَشِيَّاتِ أَرْوَعَا جَعَلْتَ رِدَآءَكَ فِيهَا خِمَارَا | وَدَاهِيَةٍ جَرَّهَا جَارِمٌ Also A bow; (AAF, M, IAth;) because it is borne upon the shoulder, which is the place of the رداء [properly thus called]. (IAth, TA.) And [for the like reason] The [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v., worn by women]. (T, K.) So in a verse of El-Aashà, cited voce رَقْرَقَ . (T.) And A bier; because it is borne upon the place of the رداء [properly thus called, i. e., upon the shoulder]. (Ham p. 471.) And Debt; (T, M, K;) because it is [regarded as] a thing that cleaves to the neck of the debtor, like as the رداء [properly thus called] cleaves to the shoulders of the wearer. (T.) You say, هُوَ خَفِيفُ الرِّدَآءِ , meaning He is little burdened in respect of debt: and also, in respect of household. (K, * TA.) [See also an ex. voce نَسَآءٌ .] Also Intelligence: and ignorance: (M, K:) both on the authority of IAar: (M:) he says also that it means anything that is the pride, or ornament, of a person; (T, M;) even, (M,) for instance, one's house, and one's father; (T, M;) or one's house and one's beast; (so in the TA;) each of these, he says, is one's رداء [or pride]: (T:) thus, (M,) it is a thing that graces: and a thing that disgraces: (M, K:) so that it has two contr. meanings: thus in the K, referring to the meanings of “intelligence” and “ignorance:” but this requires consideration. (TA.)
Nounرِدَآءَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — an outer wrapping garmentgenerated

1

See the preceding paragraph, first meaning.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph, first signification.
Nounرَدِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — bad, of bad qualitygenerated

1

See رَدِىْءٌ in the article ردأ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَدِىْءٌ , in art. ردأ
Nounالرَّادِى1 sense

Core sense — the liongenerated

1

The lion; because he dashes himself [against his prey].

Show Lane's original text
The lion; (K;) because he dashes himself ( يَرْدِى i. e. يَصْدِمُ ) [against his prey]. (TA.)
Nounمِرْدًى2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a stone that is thrown; a piece of rock for breaking stones; a boat-polegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferrednear by the hole of every dabb is its stone that is to be thrown at it—عِنْدَ جُحْرِ كُلِّ ضَبٍّ مِرْدَاتُهُ

A stone that is thrown; also مِرْدَاةٌ; or a piece of rock with which date-stones are broken.

According to ISk, this last word means a piece of rock with which stones are broken, or with which one breaks anything; or a stone which the strong man can hardly lift with his hands, or cannot lift at all, [like مِرْدَأَةٌ ] with which stones are broken; and with which they beat and soften a rugged place that they hollow out; and with which the hole of the lizard called ضَبّ is broken, or battered, when it is among large stones, which قلعة it softens and demolishes. (En-Nadr.)

The same word also means the stone, or the piece of rock, by means of which the ضَبّ is guided to its hole. [And according to Golius, on the authority of Meyd and the Mirkát el-Loghah, the upper mill-stone.]

The plural of مِرْدَاةٌ is مَرَادٍ, and this plural is [also] synonymous with مَرَامٍ [apparently as plural of مِرْمَاةٌ, and meaning the arrows so called, or any missiles].

A proverb, applied to a thing that is near at hand, with no obstacle in the way to it; for the dabb will not be guided to its hole, when it goes out from it and returns to it, except by a stone which it sets as a mark to point out its hole.

Or ضَبٍّ عِنْدَهُ مِرْدَاتُهُ كُلُّ, that is, every dabb has near by it its stone that is to be thrown at it; for the dabb has little knowledge, so it prepares its hole only by a stone that may be a mark of it, and whoever seeks it finds the stone that is to be thrown at it close by. So the proverb means that you should not feel safe from accidents, because calamities are prepared with every time, or period; and it is applied to one who exposes himself to destruction. (Meyd.)

he is like the missile of wars—إِنَّهُ لَمِرْدَى حُرُوبٍ

From مِرْدًى in the first, or in the second, of the senses given above; said of a courageous man.

such a one is like the crushing stone of the wars—فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى الحُرُوبِ
he whom they throw against the antagonists and who crushes them—مِرْدَى الخُصُومِ
such a one is very patient in enduring contention and war—هُمْ مَرَادِى الحُرُوبِ

[مَرَادٍ is plural of مِرْدًى as well as of مِرْدَاةٌ.] Also فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى خُصُومَةٍ وَحَرْبٍ in the same sense.

a horse hard like the stone so called—مِرْدًى

So in a verse of 'Antarah; or it there means a horse that runs swiftly, from الرَّدَيَانُ [a maṣdar of رَدَى, q. v.]; or it is from الرَّدَى [maṣdar of رَدِىَ, and synonymous with it], meaning destruction; or it means, in that verse, [like رِدَآءٌ,] a sword, as being an instrument of destruction, from الرَّدَى.

a she-camel hard like the stone so called—مِرْدَاةٌ

Or نَاقَةٌ مِرْدَاةٌ is used in this sense.

And مَرَادٍ [as plural of مِرْدًى or of مِرْدَاةٌ] also means the legs of camels, and of the elephant or of elephants, as being likened to the stones so called, or because of their heaviness and violent tread.

1.1a pole with which a ship, or boat, is propelled, held in the sailor's hand—مِرْدًى

Or مُرْدِىٌّ, with damm [to the ل] and with shedd [to the ى].

Plural [of the former] مَرَادٍ, or [of the latter] مَرَادِىُّ. In the dialect of the common people مِدْرى [pronounced by them مِدْرَى without tanwīn, or مِدْرَا for مِدْرَأٌ]; the plural, with the article, is المَدَارِى [and pronounced by them مَدَارِى, also without the article].

Show Lane's original text
A stone that is thrown; (S, K;) as also مِرْدَاةٌ : (T, S:) or a piece of rock with which date-stones are broken: (Ham p. 417:) and accord. to ISk, ↓ the latter signifies a piece of rock with which stones are broken, (S,) or with which one breaks [anything]: (M:) or a stone which the strong man can hardly, or not at all, lift with his hands; [like مِرْدَأَةٌ ; (TA in art. ردأ ;)] with which stones are broken; and with which they beat and soften a rugged place that they hollow out; and with which the hole of the [lizard called] ضَبّ is broken, or battered, when it is among large stones ( فى قلعة [i. e. فِى قَلَعَةٍ ]), which قلعة it softens and demolishes: (En-Nadr, T:) the same word ( مرداة ) also signifies the stone, (T,) or the piece of rock, (M,) by means of which the ضَبّ is guided to its hole: (T, M:) [and accord. to Golius, on the authority of Meyd and the Mirkát el-Loghah, the upper mill-stone:] the pl. of مِرْدَاةٌ is مَرَادٍ : (T:) and this pl. is [also] syn. with مَرَامٍ [app. as pl. of مِرْمَاةٌ , and meaning the arrows thus called; or any missiles]. (M.) Hence the prov., عِنْدَ جُحْرِ كُلِّ ضَبٍّ مِرْدَاتُهُ [Near by the hole of every dabb is its stone that is to be thrown at it, or its stone by means of which it guides itself to that hole]; applied to a thing that is near at hand, having no obstacle in the way to it; for the dabb will not be guided to its hole, when it goes forth from it and returns to it, except by means of a stone which it places as a mark to point out its hole: (T:) or ضَبٍّ عِنْدَهُ مِرْدَاتُهُ كُلُّ (S, M, Meyd) i. e. Every dabb has near by it its stone that is to be thrown at it; (S, * Meyd;) for the dabb has little knowledge, therefore it prepares not its hole save by a stone that may be a mark thereof, so that he who seeks it finds the stone that is to be thrown at the dabb near to it; therefore the prov. means that thou shouldst not feel secure from accidents, because calamities are prepared with every time, or period; and it is applied to him who exposes himself to destruction. (Meyd.) Hence also, i. e. from مِرْدًى in the first of the senses assigned to it above, (S,) or in the second of those senses, (Ham p. 417,) said of a courageous man, إِنَّهُ لَمِرْدَى حُرُوبٍ [Verily he is like the missile of wars]; (S;) or فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى الحُرُوبِ [Such a one is like the crushing stone of the wars]; or مِرْدَى الخُصُومِ , i. e. he whom they throw against the antagonists and who crushes them: (Ham ubi suprà:) and هُمْ مَرَادِى الحُرُوبِ : [ مَرَادٍ being pl. of مِرْدًى , as well as of مِرْدَاةٌ :] (S:) and فُلَانٌ مِرْدَى خُصُومَةٍ وَحَرْبٍ Such a one is very patient in the endurance of contention and war. (M.) مِرْدًى is also used as meaning A horse hard like the stone thus called; thus in a verse of 'Antarah: or it there means a horse that runs swiftly; from الرَّدَيَانُ [an inf. n. of رَدَى , q. v.]: or it is from الرَّدَى [inf. n. of رَدِىَ , and syn. therewith], meaning perdition: or it means, in that verse, [like رِدَآءٌ ,] a sword, [as being an instrument of perdition,] from الرَّدَى . (Ham p. 207.) مِرْدَاةٌ , also, (S,) or نَاقَةٌ مِرْدَاةٌ , (TA,) is used as meaning A she-camel like the stone thus called in hardness. (S, TA.) And مَرَادٍ [as pl. of مِرْدًى or of مِرْدَاةٌ ] means also The legs of camels, (Lth, T, M, K,) and of the elephant (Lth, T, K) or of elephants; as being likened to the stones thus called; (M, TA;) or because of their heaviness, and vehemence of tread. (T, TA.) Also مِرْدًى , (so in the S,) or مُرْدِىٌّ , with damm [to the ل ] and with shedd [to the ى ], (K,) A pole with which a ship, or boat, is propelled, (S, K,) being in the hand of the sailor: (S:) pl. [of the former] مَرَادٍ , (S,) or [of the latter] مَرَادِىُّ : (K:) in the dial. of the vulgar مِدْرى [pronounced by them مِدْرَى , without tenween, or مِدْرَا , for مِدْرَأٌ ]; pl., with the art., المَدَارِى [and vulgarly pronounced مَدَارِى also without the art.]. (TA.)
Nounمِرْدَاةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a piece of rock with which stones are brokengenerated

1

Its plural is مَرَادٍ (which is also the plural of مِرْدًى). See the preceding paragraph, in seven places.

1.1

And see also رِدَآءٌ, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
, and its pl. مَرَادٍ (which is also pl. of مِرْدًى ): see the next preceding paragraph, in seven places: and see also رِدَآءٌ , in three places.
Nounمُرْدِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a pole with which a boat is propelledgenerated

1

See مِرْدًى, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see مِرْدًى , last sentence.
Nounاِمْرَأَةٌ هَيْفَآءُ المُرَدَّى1 sense

Core sense — a woman slender in the place of the ornamentgenerated

1

A woman lank, or slender, in the place of the [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v.].

Show Lane's original text
A woman lank, or slender, in the place of the [ornament called] وِشَاح [q. v.]. (T.)
Nounالمُتَرَدِّيَةُ1 sense

Core sense — an animal that falls from a height and diesgenerated

1

In the Kur 5:4: that which falls from a mountain, or into a well, or from a high place, and dies.

The sheep or goat so called is forbidden [to be eaten] because it has died without having been slaughtered according to the law.

Qur’ān 5:1 approximate — somewhere between 5:1 and 5:31 Lane cites “Kur v. 4”
Qur’ān 5:3 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ ٱلْمَيْتَةُ وَٱلدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ ٱلْخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيْرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ وَٱلْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَٱلْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَٱلْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَٱلنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَآ أَكَلَ ٱلسَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيْتُمْ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى ٱلنُّصُبِ وَأَن تَسْتَقْسِمُوا۟ بِٱلْأَزْلَـٰمِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ فِسْقٌ ۗ ٱلْيَوْمَ يَئِسَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن دِينِكُمْ فَلَا تَخْشَوْهُمْ وَٱخْشَوْنِ ۚ ٱلْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِى وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلْإِسْلَـٰمَ دِينًا ۚ فَمَنِ ٱضْطُرَّ فِى مَخْمَصَةٍ غَيْرَ مُتَجَانِفٍ لِّإِثْمٍ ۙ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ

Forbidden to you (for food) are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which hath been invoked the name of other than Allah; that which hath been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by being gored to death; that which hath been (partly) eaten by a wild animal; unless ye are able to slaughter it (in due form); that which is sacrificed on stone (altars); (forbidden) also is the division (of meat) by raffling with arrows: that is impiety. This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. But if any is forced by hunger, with no inclination to transgression, Allah is indeed Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Show Lane's original text
, in the Kur v. 4, means That which falls from a mountain, or into a well, or from an elevated place, and dies. (T.) The sheep or goat thus termed is forbidden [to be eaten] because it has died without having been slaughtered according to the law. (Msb.)