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رجس

Form 1 · Form 4 · Form 8  ·  18 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 10

Form 1رَجَسَتِ السَّمَآءُ7 senses · 4 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُُmaṣdarرَجْسٌ إِرْجَاسٌ رَجَسٌ رَجَاسَةٌ

Core sense — it thundered violently, said of the sky; it became unclean; he hindered himgenerated

1.1the sky thundered violently and stirred in preparation for rain—ارتجست

.

This form has the same meaning as the headword.

1.1.1the camel brayed; or it made a violent noise in braying—رَجَسَ البَعِيرُ

The maṣdar is as above.

1.1.2it made a sound or noise—رَجَسَ

Said of a confused and great thing, such as an army, a torrent, or thunder.

The maṣdar is as above, and also رَجْسَةٌ and رَجَسَانٌ.

Also ارتجس in this meaning.

In this meaning only the maṣdars are mentioned, and رَجْسَةٌ is probably an ism waḥda.

1.2he measured [the depth of] the water of a well—رَجَسَ

.

The measuring is done with the مِرْجَاس.

Also ارجس.

1.3he hindered, withheld, or prevented him from doing the thing—رَجَسَهُ عِنِ الأَمْرِ

Muḍāriʿ ُ and رَجِسَ.

1.4it became unclean, dirty, or filthy—رَجِسَ

.

it became unclean, dirty, or filthy—رَجُسَ

.

on this sense Said of a thing. Or: it stank; or it was disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness.

1.4.1

Both of these verbs, with the maṣdars given above, also mean: he did a bad, an evil, an abominable, or a foul action.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, K,) aor. رَجُسَ , (S,) inf. n. رَجْسٌ , (S, A,) The sky thundered vehemently, (S, A, K,) and became in a state of commotion (S, K) preparatory to rain; (TA;) as also ارتجست . (S, A, K, * TA.) رَجَسَ البَعِيرُ , (K,) inf. n. as above, (A, TA,) The camel brayed: (K:) or made a vehement noise in braying. (A, * TA.) And رَجَسَ , inf. n. as above and رَجْسَةٌ and رَجَسَانٌ , It (a confused and great thing, such as an army, and a torrent, and thunder,) made a sound or noise; as also ارتجس . (TA: [but in this sense, only the inf. ns. are mentioned, and رَجْسَةٌ is probably an inf. n. of un.]) رَجَسَ , (K,) inf. n. رَجْسٌ , (TA,) He measured [the depth of] the water of a well with the مِرْجَاس ; (K, * TA;) as also ارجس , (K,) inf. n. إِرْجَاسٌ . (TA.) رَجَسَهُ عِنِ الأَمْرِ , aor. ُ and رَجِسَ , (O, K,) inf. n. رَجْسٌ , (O, TA,) He hindered, withheld, or prevented, him from doing the thing. (O, K.) رَجِسَ , aor. رَجَسَ , inf. n. رَجَسٌ ; (Msb;) and رَجُسَ , aor. رَجُسَ , inf. n. رَجَاسَةٌ ; (A, Msb, TA;) It (a thing) was, or became, unclean, dirty, or filthy: (A, Msb, TA:) or stinking: or disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness. (Msb.) And both these verbs, (K,) inf. n. of the former, (TA,) and of the latter, (K,) as above, (K, TA,) He did a bad, an evil, an abominable, or a foul, action. (K, TA.)
Form 4أَرْجَسَ1 sense

Core sense — the sky thundered violently and stirred before raingenerated

4.1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
see 1.
Form 8ارتجس2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — it made a loud sound; it shook so as to make a noise, said of a buildinggenerated

8.1

See form 1, in two places.

8.1.1

Also, said of a building: it shook so as to make a sound or noise.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, in two places. Also It (a building) became in a state of commotion, (K, TA,) so as to make a sound, or noise. (TA.)

Derived nouns 15

Nounرِجْسٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — uncleanness, dirt, or filth; a sinful action; punishmentgenerated

1an unclean, a dirty, or a filthy thing—شَىْءٌ رِجْسٌ

Uncleanness, dirt, or filth; or an unclean, a dirty, or a filthy thing. Synonymous with قَذَرٌ.

In the CK, القَدَرُ is put by mistake for القَذَرٌ.

Or شَىْءٌ قَذِرٌ: anything that is disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness; a stink, or foul smell.

Az: filth that comes out of the body of a man.

En-Nakkāsh says that it is synonymous with نِجْسٌ, and it is said in the Bāriʿ that they sometimes say الرَّجَاسَةُ وَالنَّجَاسَةُ, making these two words synonymous.

It is also written رَجِسٌ and رَجَسٌ: one says رِجْسٌ نِجْسٌ and رَجِسٌ نَجِسٌ; and IDrd says he thinks they also said رَجَسٌ نَجَسٌ.

Pr says that when رجس is followed by نجس, the ج has kesr; but when نجس is mentioned without رجس, the ج and ن have fet-h.

a company of unbelievers passed by us—مَرَّبِنَا جَمَاعَةٌ رَجِسُونَ نَجِسُونَ

As used in the Qur 6:125, Mujāhid explains الرِّجْس as meaning that in which there is no good.

Qur’ān 6:125 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur vi. 125”
Qur’ān 6:125 Lane quotes this verse
فَمَن يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ أَن يَهْدِيَهُۥ يَشْرَحْ صَدْرَهُۥ لِلْإِسْلَـٰمِ ۖ وَمَن يُرِدْ أَن يُضِلَّهُۥ يَجْعَلْ صَدْرَهُۥ ضَيِّقًا حَرَجًا كَأَنَّمَا يَصَّعَّدُ فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَجْعَلُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّجْسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ

Those whom Allah (in His plan) willeth to guide,- He openeth their breast to Islam; those whom He willeth to leave straying,- He maketh their breast close and constricted, as if they had to climb up to the skies: thus doth Allah (heap) the penalty on those who refuse to believe.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1

Any action that is disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness; a sin, or crime. Ibn-El-Kelbee: so in the Qur 5:92 and 6:146.

An action that leads to punishment.

Since رَجْسٌ means “violence of sound,” رِجْسٌ seems to mean an action the mention of which is evil, and highly evil.

Sometimes it means a thing that is unlawful, or forbidden; and unbelief; infidelity; and doubt. Aboo-Jaafar: so in the Qur 33:33.

Qur’ān 5:87 approximate — somewhere between 5:64 and 5:120 Lane cites “Kur v. 92”
Qur’ān 33:34 approximate — somewhere between 33:1 and 33:49 Lane cites “Kur xxxiii. 33”
Qur’ān 5:90 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْخَمْرُ وَٱلْمَيْسِرُ وَٱلْأَنصَابُ وَٱلْأَزْلَـٰمُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ فَٱجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ

O ye who believe! Intoxicants and gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (divination by) arrows, are an abomination,- of Satan's handwork: eschew such (abomination), that ye may prosper.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Punishment, a meaning which Z treats as figurative, since it is the recompense of رِجْس [in the sense of “sin”]; and anger: so in the Qur 10:100.

Like رِجْزٌ, which is perhaps formed from it by changing س into ز.

And sometimes, cursing.

Qur’ān 10:100 approximate — somewhere between 10:87 and 10:109 Lane cites “Kur x. 100”
Qur’ān 10:100 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَن تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَيَجْعَلُ ٱلرِّجْسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ

No soul can believe, except by the will of Allah, and He will place doubt (or obscurity) on those who will not understand.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2

A light, or slight, motion.

3

Suggestion of the devil.

Qur’ānic occurrences رِجْس 5 shown of 9
5:90
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِنَّمَا ٱلْخَمْرُ وَٱلْمَيْسِرُ وَٱلْأَنصَابُ وَٱلْأَزْلَـٰمُ رِجْسٌ مِّنْ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ فَٱجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ

O ye who believe! Intoxicants and gambling, (dedication of) stones, and (divination by) arrows, are an abomination,- of Satan's handwork: eschew such (abomination), that ye may prosper.

9:95
سَيَحْلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ لَكُمْ إِذَا ٱنقَلَبْتُمْ إِلَيْهِمْ لِتُعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ فَأَعْرِضُوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ رِجْسٌ ۖ وَمَأْوَىٰهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ

They will swear to you by Allah, when ye return to them, that ye may leave them alone. So leave them alone: For they are an abomination, and Hell is their dwelling-place,-a fitting recompense for the (evil) that they did.

9:125
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ فَزَادَتْهُمْ رِجْسًا إِلَىٰ رِجْسِهِمْ وَمَاتُوا۟ وَهُمْ كَـٰفِرُونَ

But those in whose hearts is a disease,- it will add doubt to their doubt, and they will die in a state of Unbelief.

10:100
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفْسٍ أَن تُؤْمِنَ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَيَجْعَلُ ٱلرِّجْسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْقِلُونَ

No soul can believe, except by the will of Allah, and He will place doubt (or obscurity) on those who will not understand.

22:30
ذَٰلِكَ وَمَن يُعَظِّمْ حُرُمَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّهُۥ عِندَ رَبِّهِۦ ۗ وَأُحِلَّتْ لَكُمُ ٱلْأَنْعَـٰمُ إِلَّا مَا يُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ فَٱجْتَنِبُوا۟ ٱلرِّجْسَ مِنَ ٱلْأَوْثَـٰنِ وَٱجْتَنِبُوا۟ قَوْلَ ٱلزُّورِ

Such (is the Pilgrimage): whoever honours the sacred rites of Allah, for him it is good in the Sight of his Lord. Lawful to you (for food in Pilgrimage) are cattle, except those mentioned to you (as exception): but shun the abomination of idols, and shun the word that is false,-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
Uncleanness, dirt, or filth: or an unclean, a dirty, or a filthy, thing: syn. قَذَرٌ : (S, A, Msb, K, TA: [in the CK, القَدَرُ is put by mistake for القَذَرٌ :]) or شَىْءٌ قَذِرٌ : (TA:) anything that is disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness: stink, or foul odour: accord. to Az, filth that comes forth from the body of a man: En-Nakkásh says that it is syn. with نِجْسٌ ; and it is said in the Bári' that sometimes they say الرَّجَاسَةُ وَالنَّجَاسَةُ , meaning that they make these two words syn.: (Msb:) it is also written رَجِسٌ and رَجَسٌ : (A, K:) you say رِجْسٌ نِجْسٌ , and رَجِسٌ نَجِسٌ ; and IDrd says, I think that they also said رَجَسٌ نَجَسٌ : Pr says that when رجس is followed by نجس , the ج is with kesr; but when نجس is mentioned without رجس , the ج and ن are with fet-h. (TA.) You say also شَىْءٌ رِجْسٌ [An unclean, a dirty, or a filthy, thing]. (A.) And مَرَّبِنَا جَمَاعَةٌ رَجِسُونَ نَجِسُونَ , meaning, A company of unbelievers passed by us. (IAar and TA.) As used in the Kur vi. 125, Mujáhid explains الرِّجْس as meaning That in which is no good. (TA.) Any action that is disliked, or hated, for its uncleanness, dirtiness, or filthiness: (Zj, A, K:) a sin, or crime: (Ibn-El-Kelbee, A, K:) so in the Kur v. 92, and vi. 146: (Ibn-El-Kelbee:) an action that leads to punishment: (T, A, K:) as رَجْسٌ signifies “ vehemence of sound, ” [see 1,] رِجْسٌ seems to mean an action the mention whereof is evil, and highly evil: (TA:) sometimes it signifies a thing that is unlawful, or forbidden: and unbelief: infidelity: (L:) and doubt: (Aboo-Jaafar, A, K:) so in the Kur xxxiii. 33. (Aboo-Jaafar.) Punishment; (Fr, T, S, A, K;) a sense which Z makes tropical, as being the recompense of رِجْس [in the sense of “ sin ”], (TA;) and anger: (Fr, S, A, K:) so in the Kur x. 100: like رِجْزٌ , which is perhaps formed from it by the change of س into ز : (Fr, S:) and sometimes, malediction, or execration. (L.) A light, or slight, motion. (TA.) Suggestion of the devil. (TA.)
Nounرَجَسٌ1 sense

Core sense — uncleanness, dirt, or filthgenerated

1

See رِجْسٌ, the latter word, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رِجْسٌ ; the latter, in two places.
Nounرَجِسٌ1 sense

Core sense — uncleanness, dirt, or filthgenerated

1

See رِجْسٌ, the latter word, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رِجْسٌ ; the latter, in two places.
Nounرَجُوسٌ1 sense

Core sense — loudly sounding, said of a cloud; braying violently, said of a camelgenerated

1

See رَاجِسٌ, the latter word, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَاجِسٌ ; the latter, in three places.
Nounرَجَّاسٌ1 sense

Core sense — loudly sounding, said of a cloud; braying violently, said of a camelgenerated

1

See رَاجِسٌ, the latter word, in three places.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَاجِسٌ ; the latter, in three places.
Nounرَاجِسٌ4 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a cloud making a loud sound; a camel braying violently; the seagenerated

1this is a fine thunderer—هٰذَا رَاجِسٌ حَسَنٌ

A cloud making a loud, or violent, sound; and likewise thunder. Also مُرْتَجِسٌ and رَجَّاسٌ.

Said of a cloud.

[The loud-thundering clouds and the dust-spreading winds effaced the traces of the dwellings]—عَفَتِ الدِّيَارَ الغَمَائِمُ الرَّوَاجِسُ وَالرِّيَاحُ الرَّوَامِسُ
1.1a camel that brays violently—رَجَّاسٌ

In the same way, رَجُوسٌ and مِرْجَسٌ.

a she-camel that utters the yearning cry one time after another, or continuously—نَاقَةٌ رَجْسَآءُ الحَنِينِ

Feminine of أَرْجَسُ.

The yearning cry is termed حَنِين.

1.2the sea—الرَجَّاسُ

So called because of the sound of its waves, or because of its commotion.

2one who throws the مِرْجَاس—رَاجِسٌ

And so مُرْجِسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
and مُرْتَجِسٌ (A, K) and رَجَّاسٌ (S, A, K) A cloud making a loud, or vehement, sound; (S, A, K, TA;) and so thunder. (TA.) You say, [of a cloud,] هٰذَا رَاجِسٌ حَسَنٌ This is a goodly thunderer. (S.) And عَفَتِ الدِّيَارَ الغَمَائِمُ الرَّوَاجِسُ وَالرِّيَاحُ الرَّوَامِسُ [The loudthundering clouds and the dust-spreading winds effaced the traces of the dwellings]. (A.) [And in like manner,] رَجَّاسٌ (S, K) and رَجُوسٌ and مِرْجَسٌ (K) A camel that brays vehemently. (S, K, * TA.) You say also نَاقَةٌ رَجْسَآءُ الحَنِينِ , [fem. of أَرْجَسُ ,] A she-camel that utters the [yearning cry termed] حَنِين consecutively, or continuously. (IAar, TA.) [And hence,] الرَجَّاسُ The sea: (K:) because of the sound of its waves; or because of its commotion. (TA.) رَاجِسٌ also signifies The thrower of the مِرْجَاس ; (K;) and so مُرْجِسٌ . (TA.)
Nounأَرْجَسُ1 sense

Core sense — unclean, dirty, or filthygenerated

1

This, and its feminine رَجْسَآءُ: see رَاجِسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
; and its fem. رَجْسَآءُ : see رَاجِسٌ .
Nounمُرْجِسٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who throws the stone used to sound a wellgenerated

1

See رَاجِسٌ, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَاجِسٌ , last sentence.
Nounمِرْجَسٌ1 sense

Core sense — a stone let down into a well to stir its mud or sound its depthgenerated

1

See رَاجِسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَاجِسٌ .
Nounمِرْجَاسٌ1 sense

Core sense — a stone let down into a well to stir its mud or sound its depthgenerated

1

A stone tied to the end of a rope and then let down into a well, where it stirs up the black mud; after this the water is drawn out, and the well is thus cleansed.

Or a stone thrown into a well so that one may know its depth by the sound it makes; or so that one may know whether there is water in it or not.

ISd: the name by which this is known is مِرْدَاسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
A stone which is tied to the end of a rope, and which is then let down into a well, and stirs up its black mud, after which the water is drawn forth, and thus the well is cleansed: (S, K: *) or a stone which is thrown into a well in order that one may know, by the sound thereof, its depth; or that one may know whether there be in it water or not: (IAar, K:) or, accord. to ISd, the name by which this is known is مِرْدَاسٌ . (TA.)
Nounإِنَّهُ لَرِجْسٌ مَرْجُوسٌ1 sense

Core sense — he is indeed unclean, dirty, or filthygenerated

1

And رجل مَرْجُوسٌ: these phrases are mentioned, but not explained. I think that رجل is a mistranscription for رِجْزٌ, and that مرجوس, in each case, is a corroborative.

Show Lane's original text
and رجل مَرْجُوسٌ [are phrases mentioned, but not explained, in the TA: but I think that رجل is a mistranscription for رِجْزٌ ; and that مرجوس , in each case, is a corroborative].
Nounهُمْ فِى مَرْجُوسَةٍ1 sense

Core sense — they are in a state of confusion and disordergenerated

1they are in a state of confusion and disorder—فى مَرْجُوسَآءَ

مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ: in respect of their affair, or case.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, K,) and فى مَرْجُوسَآءَ , (TA,) They are in a state of confusion (S, A, K) and perturbation, (A,) مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ in respect of their affair, or case. (S, TA.)
Nounمَرْجُوسَآءُ1 sense

Core sense — a state of confusion and disordergenerated

1

See the phrase immediately before this.

Show Lane's original text
: see what next precedes.
Nounمُرْتَجِسٌ1 sense

Core sense — making a loud sound, said of a cloudgenerated

1

See رَاجِسٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see رَاجِسٌ .
Nounنَرْجِسٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the narcissus, a well-known sweet-smelling flowergenerated

1[The narcissus;] a certain sweet-smelling flower, well known—نِرْجِسٌ

Its smell is good for the cold rheum and the cold headache.

The word is arabicized, from [the Persian] نَرْگِسْ. [This being so, the ن should be regarded as radical; it is said, however, that] the ن in نَرْجِسٌ is augmentative, because there is no word of the measure فَعْلِلٌ, though there is of the measure نَفْعِلٌ, but only a word changed in application from a verb.

But نِرْجِسٌ is of the measure فِعْلِلُ; or it is of the measure نِفْعِلٌ, the augmentative letter being made to agree in its vowel with the radical letter in إِذْخِرٌ and that in إِثْمِدٌ, and the like.

Or, according to IDrd, نَرْجِسٌ is of the measure فَعْلِلٌ, and is the only instance of that measure. This is said in the article نرجس.

If you name a man نَرْجِس, the name is imperfectly declinable, because it is like نَضْرِبُ; but if you name him نِرْجِس, it is perfectly declinable, because it is of the measure فِعْلِلٌ [or نِفْعِلٌ, neither of which is the measure of a verb].

1.1

نَرْجِسُ المَائِدَةِ: see زُمَاوَرْدٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(S, Msb, K) and نِرْجِسٌ (AA, Sgh, Msb, K) [The narcissus;] a certain sweet-smelling flower, (Msb, * TA,) well known: (Msb, K:) the smell of which is beneficial for the cold rheum and the cold headache: (K:) the word is arabicized, (S, Msb, TA,) from [the Persian] نَرْگِسْ : (TA:) [this being the case, the ن should be regarded as radical it is said, however, that] the ن in نَرْجِسٌ is augmentative, because there is no word of the measure فَعْلِلٌ , but there is of the measure نَفْعِلٌ , (S,) though only what is changed, in application, from a verb: (Msb:) but نِرْجِسٌ is of the measure فِعْلِلُ ; (TA;) or it is of the measure نِفْعِلٌ , the augmentative letter being made to accord in its vowel with the radical letter in إِذْخِرٌ and that in إِثْمِدٌ &c.: (Msb:) or, accord. to IDrd, نَرْجِسٌ is of the measure فَعْلِلٌ , and the only instance of that measure. (TA in art. نرجس .) If you name a man نَرْجِس , you make it imperfectly decl., because it is like نَضْرِبُ : (S:) but if you name him نِرْجِس , it is perfectly decl., because it is of the measure فِعْلِلٌ (TA) [or نِفْعِلٌ , neither of which is the measure of a verb]. نَرْجِسُ المَائِدَةِ : see زُمَاوَرْدٌ .