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ذود

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4  ·  10 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 1

Form 1ذَادَ1 sense
maṣdarذَوْدٌmuḍāriʿيَذُودُ

Core sense — he drove, he drove away, he repelledgenerated

1.1figurative · مجازI drove the camels; I drove them away—ذَدْتُ الإِبِلَ

First person ذُدْتُ; maṣdar ذَوْدٌ or ذِيَادٌ, or both. The verb means: he drove; he drove away; he repelled.

تَذْوِيدٌ means the same as ذِيَادٌ [and so ذَوَّدْتُهَا stands for it].

he kept the camels back from the water—ذاد الإِبَلِ عَنِ المَآءِ

Said of the pastor: maṣdar ذَوْدٌ and ذِيَادٌ. He drove the camels away from the water, or debarred them from it, or prevented them from coming to it.

he drove him away from such a thing—ذادهُ عَنْ كَذَا
I drove him away from such a thing—ذُدْتُهُ
he defended the sacred territory—ذاد عَنِ الحَرَمِ
i.e. [The bull repels from, or defends, himself] with his horn—الثَّوْرُ يَذُودُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ بِمِذْوَدِهِ
i.e. [the horseman] with his spear, or short spear—الفَارِسُ بِمِذْوَدِهِ
he defended his honour—ذاد عَنْ عِرْضِهِ
[He dispelled from me anxiety.]—ذاد عَنِّى الهَمَّ
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
28:23
وَلَمَّا وَرَدَ مَآءَ مَدْيَنَ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ أُمَّةً مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ يَسْقُونَ وَوَجَدَ مِن دُونِهِمُ ٱمْرَأَتَيْنِ تَذُودَانِ ۖ قَالَ مَا خَطْبُكُمَا ۖ قَالَتَا لَا نَسْقِى حَتَّىٰ يُصْدِرَ ٱلرِّعَآءُ ۖ وَأَبُونَا شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ

And when he arrived at the watering (place) in Madyan, he found there a group of men watering (their flocks), and besides them he found two women who were keeping back (their flocks). He said: "What is the matter with you?" They said: "We cannot water (our flocks) until the shepherds take back (their flocks): And our father is a very old man."

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (M, A,) first pers. ذُدْتُ , (T, S,) aor. يَذُودُ , (T, A,) inf. n. ذَوْدٌ , (T,) or ذِيَادٌ , (S,) or both, (M, A, K,) He drove: (S, M, K:) he drove away: (T, S, M, A, K:) and he repelled. (M, K.) You say, ذَدْتُ الإِبِلَ I drove the camels: (S:) and I drove them away: (T, S:) and [so ذَوَّدْتُهَا , for] تَذْوِيدٌ signifies the same as ذِيَادٌ . (S.) And ذاد الإِبَلِ عَنِ المَآءِ , (A, Msb,) aor. يَذُودُ , inf. n. ذَوْدٌ and ذِيَادٌ , He (the pastor) [drove away, or repelled, or] kept back, or debarred, the camels from the water; or prevented them from coming to it. (Msb.) And ذادهُ عَنْ كَذَا , (A,) and ذُدْتُهُ , (S,) He, and I, drove him away from such a thing. (S, A. [And the like is said in the M.]) And ذاد عَنِ الحَرَمِ He repelled from, or defended, the sacred territory. (L.) And الثَّوْرُ يَذُودُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ بِمِذْوَدِهِ , i. e. [The bull repels from, or defends, himself] with his horn: and الفَارِسُ بِمِذْوَدِهِ , i. e. [the horseman] with his spear, or short spear. (A.) And ذاد عَنْ عِرْضِهِ He defended his honour. (L.) And ذاد عَنِّى الهَمَّ [He dispelled from me anxiety.] (A.)
Form 2ذَوَّدَ1 sense

Core sense — he drove away, he repelledgenerated

2.1

See form 1 above.

Show Lane's original text
see above.
Form 4اذادهُ1 sense

Core sense — he helped him to drive his camelsgenerated

4.1

He aided, or assisted, him to drive, or drive away, his camels.

[In the K, أَذَدْتُهُ is said to signify أَعَنْتُهُ عَلَى ذِيَادِ أَهْلِهِ, but اهله is apparently a mistake for إِبِلِهِ, or عَنْ is omitted before اهله; and if so, the meaning is I aided, or assisted, him to defend his family. But in that case we should read ذِيَادٍ, which would be less chaste than الذِّيَادِ.]

Show Lane's original text
He aided, or assisted, him to drive, or drive away, (T, S, M, A,) his camels. (T, S, A.) [In the K, أَذَدْتُهُ is said to signify أَعَنْتُهُ عَلَى ذِيَادِ أَهْلِهِ : but اهله is app. a mistake for إِبِلِهِ : or عَنْ is omitted before اهله ; and if so, the meaning is I aided, or assisted, him to defend his family; but in this latter case, we should read ذِيَادٍ , which would be less chaste than الذِّيَادِ .]

Derived nouns 7

Nounذَوْدٌ1 sense

Core sense — a number of camels, from three to tengenerated

1[There is not in the case of less than five] camels [any poor-rate]—لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ مِنَ الإِبِلِ صَدَقَةٌ

A number of camels, from three to ten: this is the meaning of best repute.

[In this explanation in the T from AZ, and in the K, the nouns of number are masculine, and so in the next one following here; in the rest, feminine.]

Or from three to ten, and a little more; or from three to nine; or from three to fifteen; or from three to twenty, and a little more; or from three to thirty; or from two to nine.

[Said to be] applied only to females, as in the Bári'; and it is of the feminine gender, that is, the word is feminine. But its dim. is [ذُوَيْدٌ] without ة, contrary to analogy.

The word ذَوْدٌ is a plural, meaning an ism jamʿ having no singular of the same root; or it is a singular, with the plural أَذْوَادٌ; or it is both singular and plural.

The Arabs said ثَلَاثُ أَذْوَادٍ and ثَلَاثُ ذَوْدٍ, and so with all the lower nouns of number, making ذَوْد a substitute for أَذْوَاد; and they also said ثَلَاثُ ذَوْدٍ, meaning by it three she-camels.

It occurs in a tradition, also in the form لَيْسَ فِىأَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسٍ ذَوْدٍ صَدَقَةٌ: the poor-rate is incumbent on whoever possesses five camels, whether they be males or females.

[In the case of five camels, a sheep or goat shall be given]—فِى خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ شَاةٌ
[A few she-camels with a few she-camels are a herd of camels]—الذَّوْدُ إِلَى الذَّوْدِ إِبِلٌ

Occurs in another tradition.

A proverb, meaning that a little with a little is much. الى is here used in the sense of مَعَ; or الى is here used in its proper sense, a word signifying “joined” or the like being understood, that is, a few joined to a few becomes much.

Or, according to the K [and the T], this proverb shows that ذود is here used in the place of اِثْنَتَانِ [i.e. two she-camels], since two added to two are a plural; but this requires consideration.

Show Lane's original text
A number of camels, from three to ten: (Lth, AZ, As, T, S, M, A, Mgh, Msb, K:) this is the meaning that is of best repute: (TA:) [in this explanation in the T from AZ, and in the K, the nouns of number are mase.; and so in the next here following: in the rest, fem.:] or from three to ten: and a little more: (IAar, M:) or from three to nine: (M, L:) or from three to fifteen: or from three to twenty; (M, L, K;) and a little more: (L:) or from three to thirty: (M, L, K:) or from two to nine: (M, Mgh, L, K:) [said to be] applied only to females: (Lth, A'Obeyd, T, M, Mgh, Msb, K:) so in the Bári': (Msb:) and it is of the fem. gender; (T, S, M, Msb, K;) i. e., the word is fem.: (MF:) but its dim. is [ ذُوَيْدٌ ,] without ة ; contr. to analogy: (M:) the word ذَوْدٌ is a pl., (M, K,) meaning a quasipl. n., (MF,) having no sing. (S, M, K) of the same root: (S:) or a sing.; (K;) and its pl. is أَذْوَادٌ : (T, S, M, A, Msb, K:) or a sing. and pl.: (M, K:) the Arabs said ثَلَاثُ أَذْوَادٍ and ثَلَاثُ ذَوْدٍ and so with all the inferior ns. of number, making ذَوْد a substitute for أَذْوَاد : and they also said ثَلَاثُ ذَوْدٍ meaning thereby three she-camels. (M, L.) It is said in a trad., لَيْسَ فِيمَا دُونَ خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ مِنَ الإِبِلِ صَدَقَةٌ , (T, L,) or لَيْسَ فِىأَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسٍ ذَوْدٍ صَدَقَةٌ , (T, Msb,) meaning [There is not in the case of less than five] camels [any poorrate]: for the poor-rate is incumbent on him who possesses five camels whether they be males or females. (L.) And in another trad. it is said, فِى خَمْسِ ذَوْدٍ شَاةٌ [In the case of five camels, a sheep or goat shall be given]. (Mgh.) And it is said in a prov., الذَّوْدُ إِلَى الذَّوْدِ إِبِلٌ [A few she-camels with a few she-camels are a herd of camels]; (T, S, M, A;) meaning that a little with a little is much; الى being here used in the sense of مَعَ : (S, A:) or الى is here used in its proper sense; a word signifying “ joined ” or the like being understood; (TA;) i. e. a few joined to a few becomes much: (M:) [or,] accord. to the K [and the T], this prov. shows that ذود is here used in the place of اِثْنَتَانِ [i. e. two she-camels]; for two added to two are a pl.; but this requires consideration. (MF.)
Nounذُوَيْدٌ1 sense

Core sense — a small number of camelsgenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounذَوَّادٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who drives away, or defends, muchgenerated

1

See the following entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next following paragraph.
Nounذَائِدٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — driving away, repelling; a defendergenerated

1

Driving; driving away; repelling.

Plural ذُوَّدٌ, ذُوَّادٌ and ذَادَةٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

This word, and also ذَوَّادٌ [which has an intensive meaning], are used of a man who is a defender, or protector, of that or those which it is necessary to defend, and who habitually repels attacks upon his honour.

Show Lane's original text
Driving: driving away: and repelling: pl. ذُوَّدٌ and ذُوَّادٌ and ذَادَةٌ . (M, K.) Also, and ذَوَّادٌ , [but the latter has an intensive meaning,] A man who is a defender, or protector, of that which, or those whom, it is necessary to defend, or protect: (S, K:) who is wont to repel attacks upon his honour. (S, * TA.)
Nounمَذَادٌ1 sense

Core sense — a place of free pasturage with abundant herbagegenerated

1

A place where beasts pasture at pleasure, eating and drinking what they please, amid abundance of herbage.

Show Lane's original text
A place where beasts pasture at pleasure, where they eat and drink what they please, amid abundance of herbage. (IAar, K.)
Nounمِذْوَدٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a spear, or a bull's horn, used in defence; the tongue; a mangergenerated

1

An instrument for driving, driving away, or repelling.

1.1figurative · مجاز

A spear, or short spear, with which one repels attack from himself, or defends himself.

1.2figurative · مجاز

The horn of a bull, with which he defends himself.

1.3figurative · مجاز

The tongue, because with it a man defends his honour.

Hassán Ibn-Thábit says: [My tongue and my sword are sharp, both of them; and my tongue reaches what my sword will not reach]

shāhid
لِسَانِى وَسَيْفِى صَارِمَانِ كِلَاهُمَاوَيَبْلُغُ مَا لَا يَبْلُغُ السَّيْفُ مِذْوَدِى
1.4figurative · مجاز

[A man who defends well, or vigorously; as also مِذْوَادٌ.] One says رِجَالٌ مَذَاوِدٌ and مَذَاوِيدُ.

1.5

The manger of a horse or similar beast. [A manger is called by this name at the present day.]

Show Lane's original text
[An instrument for driving, driving away, or repelling. ] A spear, or short spear, with which one repels from, or defends, himself. (A.) The horn of a bull, (T, A, K,) with which he repels from, or defends, himself. (A.) The tongue: (S, M, A, K:) because with it a man defends his honour. (M.) Hassán Ibn-Thábit says, 1 [My tongue and my sword are sharp, both of them; and my tongue reacheth what my sword will not reach]. (S, TA.) لِسَانِى وَسَيْفِى صَارِمَانِ كِلَاهُمَا | وَيَبْلُغُ مَا لَا يَبْلُغُ السَّيْفُ مِذْوَدِى [A man who defends well, or vigorously; as also مِذْوَادٌ :] you say رِجَالٌ مَذَاوِدٌ and مَذَاوِيدُ . (A.) The manger ( مِعْلَف , T, K, TA, in some copies of the K معتلف , TA) of a horse or similar beast. (T, K. [A manger is thus called in the present day.])
Nounمِذْوَادٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man who defends well, or vigorouslygenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.