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ذم

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Form 1ذَمَّهُ3 senses · 2 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarذَمٌّ

Core sense — he blamed him, censured him, found fault with himgenerated

1.1blame, censure—الذَّمُّ

He blamed him, found fault with him, censured him, for evil conduct.; maṣdar ذَمٌّ and مَذَمَّةٌ.

Meaning اللَّوْمُ and فِى الإِسَآءَةِ; the opposite of المَدْحُ or of الحَمْدُ.

he blamed him, censured him—ذمّمهُ

Maṣdar تَذْمِيمٌ; this may have an intensive meaning — see its ism mafʿūl below.

you will not be blamed; you will have an excuse—اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وخَلَاكَ ذَمٌّ

That is, خَلَا مِنْكَ ذَمٌّ: [Do such a thing, and] literally, blame will fall from you. So under خلو. One should not say خَلَاكَ ذَنْبٌ.

he was satirized, particularly in verse—ذُمَّ

It also means: he was made to suffer loss or diminution [apparently in his reputation].

1.1.1figurative · مجازthe place became affected with drought, or barrenness, and its produce became scanty—ذَمَّ المَكَانُ

But perhaps ذَمَّ is here a mistranscription for ذُمَّ.

he dispraised its pasture, when its pasture is scanty—ذَمَّ مَرْعَاهَا

Said of a land. So under بذأ.

1.2it flowed, said of the nose—ذَمَّ

. It flowed with ذَمِيم, that is, mucus; like ذَنَّ.

The muḍāriʿ يَذِمُّ is said of ذَمِيم, like يَذِنُّ, meaning it flows.

Show Lane's original text
, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. ذَمُمَ , (T, M, Msb,) inf. n. ذَمٌّ (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K) and مَذَمَّةٌ , (M, K,) He blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, him, in respect of evil conduct; الذَّمُّ signifying اللَّوْمُ (T, Mgh) فِى الإِسَآءَةِ ; (T;) contr. of المَدْحُ , (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) or of الحَمْدُ : (Mgh:) and ذمّمهُ , (MA,) inf. n. تَذْمِيمٌ , (KL,) signifies the same: (MA, KL:) [or this has an intensive meaning: see its pass. part. n., below.] Hence the saying, اِفْعَلْ كَذَا وخَلَاكَ ذَمٌّ , (T, S, K,) i. e. خَلَا مِنْكَ ذَمٌّ , meaning [Do thou such a thing, and] thou wilt not be blamed; (ISk, S, K;) or thou wilt have an excuse; [lit.] blame will full from thee: (S in art. خلو :) one should not say خَلَاكَ ذَنْبٌ . (ISk, S in the present art.) ذُمَّ , also, signifies He was satirized, particularly in verse. (IAar, T.) And He was made to suffer loss or diminution [app. in respect of his reputation]. (IAar, T.) ذَمَّ المَكَانُ The place was, or became, affected with drought, or barrenness, and its good things [or produce] became scanty. (TA.) [But perhaps ذَمَّ is here a mistranscription for ذُمَّ ; for] you say of a land, ذَمَّ مَرْعَاهَا [He dispraised, or discommended, its pasture, when its pasture is scanty]. (S and M and K in art. بذأ .) ذَمَّ , [aor. ذَمِمَ ,] said of the nose, (S, K,) It flowed [with ذَمِيم , i. e. mucus]; (K;) like ذَنَّ . (S, K.) And [the aor.] يَذِمُّ is said of ذَمِيم ; (S, K;) like يَذِنُّ ; (S, TA;) meaning It flows. (TA.)
Form 2ذَمَّمَ1 sense

Core sense — he blamed him, censured himgenerated

2.1

He blamed him, censured him; see form 1, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, first sentence.
Form 3فُلَانٌ يُذَامُّ عَيْشَهُ1 sense

Core sense — he passes his life content with scantinessgenerated

3.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Such a one passes his life content with scantiness.

Show Lane's original text
Such a one passes his life contended with scantiness. (TA.)
Form 4اذمّ7 senses · 4 main

Core sense — he did that for which he should be blamed; he protected himgenerated

4.1he did to him that for which he should be blamed—استذمّ إِلَيْهِ

He (a man) did [or said] that for which he should be blamed, censured, or found fault with; the opposite of أَحْمَدَ. So under حمد.

he did to the people that for which he should be blamed—إِلَى النَّاسِ
4.1.1figurative · مجازhis riding-camel ceased going on—أَذَمَّتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ
their riding-camels became jaded and lagged behind the main body of camels—أَذَمَّتْ رِكَابُهُمْ

As though she made the people blame her.

As though they made their riders blame them; or as though their strength in journeying were derived from ذَمَّةٌ, meaning “a well having little water.”

his camel became jaded and lagged behind with him—اذمّ بِهَ بَعِيرُهُ
she kept back the company of riders by her weakness and her ceasing to go on—أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ

Said of a she-ass.

4.2he found him, or it, to be such as is blamed—اذمّهُ

The opposite of أَحْمَدَهُ.

I found it to be such as is discommended—أَتَيْتُ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا فَأَذْمَمْتُهُ

One says this of coming to a place.

4.2.1he held him in light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt—اذّم بِهِ
he held them in light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt—بِهِمْ

on this sense Or: he left him, or them, blamed, or censured, among the people.

4.3he protected him; he granted him protection, or refuge—اذمّهُ
4.3.1he obtained a promise of security, and a covenant, in his favour from another person—اذمّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ

The other person is thereby made responsible for his security, or safety.

4.4

See also form 5.

Show Lane's original text
He (a man) did [or said] that for which he should be blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S;) contr. of أَحْمَدَ . (A in art. حمد .) And استذمّ إِلَيْهِ , (M, K,) or إِلَى النَّاسِ , (S,) He did to him, or to the people, that for which he should be blamed, &c. (S, M, K.) [Hence,] أَذَمَّتْ رَاحِلَتُهُ His riding-camel ceased going on; as though she made the people to blame her. (TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ رِكَابُهُمْ Their camels upon which they were riding became jaded, and lagged behind, (S, M, K, TA,) not keeping up with the main body of camels; (S, TA;) [as though they made their riders to blame them; or] as though [the idea of] their strength in journeying were derived from ذَمَّةٌ meaning “ a well having little water. ” (TA.) And اذمّ بِهَ بَعِيرُهُ [His camel became jaded, and lagged behind with him]. (S, TA.) And أَذَمَّتْ بِالرَّكْبِ , said of a she-ass, She kept back the company of riders upon camels by her weakness and her ceasing to go on. (TA from a trad.) اذمّهُ He found him, or it, to be such as is blamed, dispraised, &c.; (S, M, K, TA;) contr. of أَحْمَدَهُ . (TA.) One says, أَتَيْتُ مَوْضِعَ كَذَا فَأَذْمَمْتُهُ , i. e. [I came to such a place, and] I found it to be such as is discommended. (S) اذّم بِهِ , (S,) or بِهِمْ , (M, K,) He held him, or them, in little, or light, or mean, estimation, or in contempt: (S, K:) or he left [him or] them blamed, dispraised, &c., among the people. (IAar, M, K.) Also, اذمّهُ , He protected him; granted him protection, or refuge. (S, K.) And اذمّ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ He took, or obtained, a promise, or an assurance, of security or safety, and a compact, or covenant, for him, or in his favour, of, or against, him [i. e. another person, making the latter responsible for his (the former's) security, or safety, &c.]. (M, * K, * TA.) See also the next paragraph.
Form 5تذمّم1 sense

Core sense — he shunned blame; he felt disdain, or shamegenerated

5.1if I did not refrain from lying to abstain from sin, I would refrain from it out of shame—لَوْ لَمْ أَتْرُكِ الكَذِبَ تَأَثُّمًا لَتَرَكْتُهُ تَذَمُّمَا
he refrained from it to avoid blame, or through disdain, or shame—تذمّم مِنْهُ

He shunned blame, or guarded himself from it: this is the proper meaning; and hence, he felt disdain, or scorn, and shame.

So under حشم.

they do not shun blame, and are not affected with shame—لا يذمّون

Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà reports hearing this from an Arab of the desert; apparently لَا يُذِمُّونَ, for the ا in the measure أَفْعَلَ sometimes has a privative force; لَا يَتَذَمَّمُونَ.

of generous practices is regard for all that is entitled to reverence and honour in a friend—مِنْ خِلَالِ المَكَارِمِ التَّذَمُّمُ لِلصَّاحِبِ
to the neighbour, with you, is shown regard for all that is entitled to respect in him—لِلْجَارِ عِنْدَكَ تَذَمُّمٌ

Said in a tradition: the being regardful of everything entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence in the character and belongings of a companion or friend, and dispelling from oneself the blame he would incur from men if he were not regardful of it.

Also مُسْتَذَمٌّ. مُسْتَذَمٌّ is apparently a maṣdar of استذمّ, which is synonymous with تذمّم.

Show Lane's original text
He shunned, or avoided, (T, * Mgh,) or he preserved, or guarded, himself from, (MA,) blame, dispraise, &c.: (T, * MA, Mgh:) this is the proper meaning; and hence, (Mgh,) he felt disdain, or scorn, and shame. (S, MA, Mgh, K, KL.) One says, لَوْ لَمْ أَتْرُكِ الكَذِبَ تَأَثُّمًا لَتَرَكْتُهُ تَذَمُّمَا [If I did not refrain from lying for the purpose of abstaining from sin, I would refrain from it from a feeling of disdain, or scorn, or shame]. (S, K.) And تذمّم مِنْهُ [He abstained, or refrained, from it to avoid blame, or through disdain, or scorn, or shame; disdained, or scorned, it; or was ashamed of it]. (K in art. حشم .) And Aboo-'Amr Ibn-El-'Alà mentions his having heard an Arab of the desert use the expression لا يذمّون [app. لَا يُذِمُّونَ , for the ا in the measure أَفْعَلَ sometimes has a privative property,] meaning They do not shun, or avoid, blame; ( لَا يَتَذَمَّمُونَ ;) and are not affected with shame. (TA.) It is said in a trad., مِنْ خِلَالِ المَكَارِمِ التَّذَمُّمُ لِلصَّاحِبِ , meaning [Of the properties of generous, or honourable, practices, is] the being regardful of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in the character and appertenances of the companion, or friend, and dispelling from oneself the blame that he would incur from men if he were not regardful thereof. (TA.) And one says, لِلْجَارِ عِنْدَكَ تَذَمُّمٌ and مُسْتَذَمٌّ [To the neighbour, with thee, is shown regard of everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, in his character and appertenances: مُسْتَذَمٌّ being app. an inf. n. of استذمّ , and this being syn. with تذمّم ]. (TA.)
Form 6تذامّوا1 sense

Core sense — they blamed, or censured, one anothergenerated

6.1

They blamed one another, censured one another, found fault with one another.

Show Lane's original text
They blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, one another. (M, K.)
Form 10استذمّ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he was blamed; he begged his protectiongenerated

10.1

[He required blame, as though he called for it; or] he was blamed, or censured. See also form 4.

10.1.1

And see form 5, last sentence.

10.1.2he begged, or implored, his protection—استذمّ بِذِمَامِهِ

Used by post-classical writers, and perhaps a classical phrase. There is an instance in “Abulfedæ Annales,” vol. 3 p. 170.

Show Lane's original text
[He required blame, &c.; as though he called for it; or] he was blamed, or dispraised, &c. (KL.) See also 4, second sentence. And see 5, last sentence. [ استذمّ بِذِمَامِهِ is used by post-classical writers, and is perhaps a classical phrase, meaning He begged, or implored, his protection. See an instance in “ Abulfedæ Annales, ” vol. iii. p. 170.]
Form R. Q. 1ذَمْذَمَ1 sense

Core sense — he made his gift small, or scantygenerated

R. Q. 1.1

He made his gift small, or scanty.

Show Lane's original text
He made his gift small, or scanty. (IAar, T, K.)

Derived nouns 23

Nounذَمٌّ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — blame, censure; vices, faults, defectsgenerated

1

Maṣdar of ذَمَّهُ. As a simple noun: blame, dispraise, or censure.

1.1vices, faults, defects, or the like—ذُمُومٌ

This is the plural. See ذَامٌّ.

2

See also ذَمِيمٌ.

3

And see ذَمَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of ذَمَّهُ . (T, S, M, &c.) [As a simple subst., Blame, dispraise, or censure.] And [the pl.] ذُمُومٌ signifies Vices, faults, defects, or the like. (M, K. [See ذَامٌّ .]) See also ذَمِيمٌ . And see ذَمَّةٌ .
Nounذِمٌّ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — excessively lean, emaciated, and perishing; a well containing little watergenerated

1

See ذَمِيمٌ.

1.1

Also excessively lean or emaciated, and perishing; or like one who is perishing.

1.2

See also ذِمَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذَمِيمٌ . Also Excessively lean or emaciated; and perishing: (K:) or like him who is perishing. (T, TA.) See also ذِمَّةٌ .
Nounذَمَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a well containing little watergenerated

1a well containing little water—بِئْرٌ ذَمَّةٌ

Dhu-r-Rummeh says, describing camels whose eyes were sunk in their sockets from fatigue: [Upon camels of Himyer that were as though their eyes were wells containing little water which the camels employed to draw it had exhausted]

shāhid
عَلَى حِمْيَرِيَّاتٍ كَأَنَّ عُيُونَهَاذِمَامُ الرَّكَايَا أَنْكَزَتْهَا المَوَاتِحُ

As a noun; in this expression the second word is an adjective. Also ذِمَّةٌ, with kesr, and ذَمِيمٌ and ذَمِيمَةٌ.

So called because it is discommended; and some say it means containing much water, so that the word has two opposite meanings.

Plural ذِمَامٌ and ذَمٌّ; or rather the latter is an ism jamʿ, of which ذَمَّةٌ is the ism waḥda.

Show Lane's original text
[as a subst.]; (T, Mgh;) and بِئْرٌ ذَمَّةٌ , (T, S, M, Mgh, K,) in which the latter word is an epithet, (Mgh,) and ذِمَّةٌ also, with kesr, (so in one of my copies of the S,) and ذَمِيمٌ , and ذَمِيمَةٌ ; (M, K;) A well containing little water; (T, S, M, Mgh, K;) because discommended: (M, Mgh:) and, (M, K,) as some say, (M,) containing much water: thus having two contr. significations: (M, K:) pl. ذِمَامٌ (T, S, M, K) and ذَمٌّ , (T, TA,) [or rather the latter is a coll. gen. n., of which ذَمَّةٌ is the n. un.] A poet says, (S,) namely, Dhu-r-Rummeh, describing camels whose eyes were sunk in their sockets by reason of fatigue, (T,) 1 [Upon camels of Himyer that were as though their eyes were wells containing little water which the camels employed to draw it had exhausted]. (T, S.) عَلَى حِمْيَرِيَّاتٍ كَأَنَّ عُيُونَهَا | ذِمَامُ الرَّكَايَا أَنْكَزَتْهَا المَوَاتِحُ
Nounذِمَّةٌ3 senses

Core sense — a compact, a covenant; a right, or due; responsibility, protectiongenerated

1figurative · مجازthe people with whom a compact, or covenant, has been made—أَهلُ الذِّمَّةِ

A compact, a covenant, a contract, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, or an obligation; because breaking it brings blame. Also a right, or due, for the neglect of which one is blamed [an inviolable right or due].

ذِمَامٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ and مَذَمَّةٌ likewise mean a compact, a covenant, and the like, for the neglect of which a man is blamed; or these three words signify a right, or due, the same as حَقٌّ, or so the first of them. In the CK only the first and the last are given.

Each of them, or the first of them, that is ذِمَامٌ, is like حُرْمَةٌ, which takes in all the meanings of ذِمَّةٌ as well, but here seems to mean especially a thing that should be sacred, or inviolable, or which one is bound to reverence, respect, or honour and defend — everything entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence in the character and belongings of a person; every حُرْمَة for the neglect of which one is blamed.

ذَمَامَةٌ also, and ذِمَامَةٌ, are synonymous with حَقٌّ and حُرْمَةٌ.

ذِمَّةٌ also means the same as أَمَانٌ: security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise or assurance of security or protection; indemnity, or quarter. So too ذِمَامٌ, explained by the Persian زِنْهَارْ, and also by حُرْمَةٌ and حَقٌّ.

It also means responsibility [for the fulfilment of an obligation, for the payment of a sum of money, for the restitution of a thing, or for the safety or safe-keeping of a thing or person], and suretiship; as also ذَمَامَةٌ and ذِمَامَةٌ, which are said to be synonymous with ذِمَّةٌ, apparently in all the senses mentioned above; and ذِمٌّ, said to be synonymous with ذِمَّةٌ in the first of those senses only. In the CK, والذِّمُّ is wrongly put for وَ الذِّمِّ.

The plural of ذِمَّةٌ is ذِمَمٌ and ذِمَامٌ; and the plural of ذِمَامٌ, as synonymous with ذِمَّةٌ and مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ, is أَذِمَّةٌ.

So called from ذِمَّةٌ in the first of the senses explained above. Also الذِّمِّةُ, with the prefixed noun اهل left out. Particularly those of the believers in a plurality of Gods — the Christians, Jews, and Sabians, but no others — who pay the tax called جِزْيَة: the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government, who pay a poll-tax for which the Muslims take responsibility for their security, freedom and toleration; see أَهْلٌ.

The relative noun ذِمِّىٌّ, from الذِّمَّةُ, is applied to a person of this class, because he is made secure, or free from fear, for his property and his blood by means of the جِزْيَة.

'Omar treated the people of the Sawád as protected non-Muslim subjects—جَعَلَ عُمَرُ أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً

That is, as those who are termed أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ.

restore us to our family in safety—أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ

Or perhaps أَقْلِبْنَا; said in the prayer of the traveller.

my responsibility is pledged for what I say, and I am answerable for it—ذِمَّتِى بِمَا أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ
then the responsibility of God is clear, or quit, of him—فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّة
I am responsible for such a thing—فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا

Related in a tradition of 'Alee: this saying of mine is true, and I am responsible for it.

Said in another tradition: every one is given by God a covenant whereby He binds Himself to preserve and protect him; and when he throws himself into destruction, or does what is unlawful for him to do, or acts against what he is commanded to do, the covenant of God fails to aid him.

That is, فى ضَمَانِى: literally, in my responsibility is such a thing, or on my responsibility rests such a thing; for فى may be used here, as in many other cases, in the sense of عَلَى.

such a thing became binding, or incumbent, on me—ثَبَتَ فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا

Here the term ذِمَّة designates the moral sense considered as the seat of the sense of obligation to fulfil what is properly termed ذِمَّة.

what will put away from me the right of the woman who has suckled, for the suckling?—مَا يُذْهِبُ عَنِّى مَذِمَّةَ الرَّضَاعِ

Also مَذَمَّةَ الرَّضَاعِ. This is a question put to the Prophet in a tradition, and the answer was: “A slave, male or female.” En-Nakha'ee says that they liked, when a child was weaned, to give the woman who had suckled it something beside her hire. مَذَمَّةٌ here is a dialectal variant of مَذِمَّةٌ; or, as IAth says, the former is from الذَّمُّ and the latter from الذِّمَّهُ.

put away from yourself the right you owe her for the suckling of your child—أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذَمَّ الرَّضَاعِ بِشَّىْءٍ تُعْطِيهِ الظِّئْرَ

Also مَذِمَّ الرَّضَاعِ, by something given to the woman who has suckled him.

put away from yourself their right by something; feed them with something, for they have a right—أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذِمَّتَهُمْ بِشَىْءٍ

Also مَذَمَّتَهُمْ, and مَذَمَّة as a dialectal variant; عنك is omitted in some copies.

he paid his right, or due—قَضَى مَذِمَّتَهُ

Also مَذَمَّتَهُ; meaning he did good to him, or conferred a benefit upon him, so that he might not be blamed.

a man who has a right, or due—ذُو مَذِمَّةٍ رَجُلٌ

Also مَذَمَّةٍ — in the CK the latter only; meaning كَلٌّ عَلَى النَّاسِ, a man who is a burden upon people, to be maintained by them.

Lane cites “Bd in ix. 8” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
2a repast, or banquet, to which guests are invited, for food, or for a wedding—ذِمَّةٌ
3

See also ذَمَّةٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences ذِمَّة
9:8
كَيْفَ وَإِن يَظْهَرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا۟ فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ يُرْضُونَكُم بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَـٰسِقُونَ

How (can there be such a league), seeing that if they get an advantage over you, they respect not in you the ties either of kinship or of covenant? With (fair words from) their mouths they entice you, but their hearts are averse from you; and most of them are rebellious and wicked.

9:10
لَا يَرْقُبُونَ فِى مُؤْمِنٍ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُعْتَدُونَ

In a Believer they respect not the ties either of kinship or of covenant! It is they who have transgressed all bounds.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
A compact, a covenant, a contract, a league, a treaty, an engagement, a bond, or an obligation; (T, S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) because the breaking thereof necessitates blame: (Mgh:) and a right, or due, ( حَقٌّ ,) for the neglect of which one is to be blamed: (Bd in ix. 8:) [an inviolable right or due:] and ذِمَامٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ and مَذَمَّةٌ signify in like manner a compact, a covenant, &c. as above, for the neglect, or nonobservance, of which a man is to be blamed: (Msb:) or these three words [in the CK the first and last only] signify a right, or due; syn. حَقٌّ : (M, K:) or so the first of them: (T, * S:) and each of them, (M, K,) or the first of them, i. e. ذِمَامٌ , (T, S, Mgh,) i. q. حُرْمَةٌ [which includes all the significations of ذِمَّةٌ likewise, those above and those which follow, but appears here to be used as meaning especially a thing that should be sacred, or inviolable; or which one is under an obligation to reverence, respect, or honour, and defend; everything that is entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence. in the character and appertenances of a person]; (S, M, Mgh, K;) every حُرْمَة for the neglect, or non-observance, of which one is to be blamed: (T:) ذَمَامَةٌ , also, and ذِمَامَةٌ , are syn. with حَقٌّ and حُرْمَةٌ : (TA:) and ذِمَّةٌ signifies also i. q. أَمَانٌ [as meaning security, or safety; security of life and property; protection, or safeguard; a promise, or an assurance, of security, safety, protection, or safeguard; indemnity; or quarter]; (S, Mgh, Msb, KL, TA;) and so ذِمَامٌ : (MA, KL: [explained in both by the Pers. زِنْهَارْ ; and in the latter by حُرْمَةٌ and حَقٌّ also:]) and responsibility [for the fulfilment of an obligation, for the payment of a sum of money, for the restitution of a thing, or for the safety, or safe-keeping, of a thing or person]; suretiship; (M, Mgh, Msb, K;) as also ذَمَامَةٌ and ذِمَامَةٌ ; (M, K; [in the former of which, these two words are said to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ , app. meaning, in all the senses mentioned above;]) and ذِمٌّ : (M, K: [said in the M to be syn. with ذِمَّةٌ in the first only of the senses mentioned above in this paragraph: in the CK, والذِّمُّ is erroneously put for وَ الذِّمِّ :]) the pl. of ذِمَّةٌ is ذِمَمٌ (T, Msb) and ذِمَامٌ : (T:) and the pl. of ذِمَامٌ as [a sing.] syn. with [ ذِمَّةٌ and] مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ is أَذِمَّةٌ . (M, K.) Hence, i. e. from ذِمَّةٌ in the first of the senses explained above, أَهلُ الذِّمَّةِ , (S, Mgh, TA.) and الذِّمِّةُ , (T, M, * Mgh, K, TA,) with the prefixed noun اهل suppressed, (TA,) The people with whom a compact, or covenant, &c., has been made; (T, S, M, K, TA;) [and particularly] those, of the believers in a plurality of Gods, [by which are here meant the Christians, Jews, and Sabians, but no others,] who pay the [tax called] جِزْيَة ; (T, TA;) [i. e. the free non-Muslim subjects of a Muslim government, who pay a poll-tax for which the Muslims are responsible for their security and freedom and toleration: see أَهْلٌ :] the appellation ذِمِّىٌّ , (Mgh, Msb,) a rel. n. from الذِّمَّةُ , (Msb;) is applied to a person of this class; (Mgh, Msb;) because he is rendered secure, or free from fear, for his property and his blood, by means of the جِزْيَة . (Mgh.) جَعَلَ عُمَرُ أَهْلَ السَّوَادِ ذِمَّةً means 'Omar treated [lit. made] the people of the Sawád as those who are termed أَهْلُ الذِّمَّةِ . (Mgh.) And أَقْبِلْنَا بِذِمَّةٍ [or أَقْلِبْنَا ?], in the prayer of the traveller, means Restore us to our family in safety. (TA.) It is related in a trad. of 'Alee, that he said, ذِمَّتِى بِمَا أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ , meaning My responsibility is pledged for [the truth of] what I say, and I am answerable for it; (Mgh, TA; *) i. e. this my saying is true, and I am responsible for it. (Mgh.) And it is said in another trad., فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّة [Then the responsibility of God is clear, or quit, of him]; i. e. there is given to every one, by God, a covenant whereby He binds Himself to preserve and protect him; and when he throws himself into destruction, or does that which is unlawful for him to do, or acts at variance with that which he is commanded to do, the covenant of God fails to aid him. (TA.) فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا means فى ضَمَانِى [virtually I am responsible for such a thing; i. e. for paying it, or restoring it, &c.; but lit. in my responsibility is such a thing; or on my responsibility rests, or lies, or be, such a thing; for فى may be here used, as it is in many other instances, in the sense of عَلَى ]: (Msb:) [or,] in the saying ثَبَتَ فِى ذِمَّتِى كَذَا , [which means Such a thing became, or has become, binding, obligatory, or incumbent, on me,] the term ذِمَّة is applied to designate [the moral sense considered as] the seat [of the sense] of obligation to fulfil what is [properly] termed ذِمَّة [i. e. a compact, or covenant, or the like]. (Mgh.) مَا يُذْهِبُ عَنِّى مَذِمَّةَ الرَّضَاعِ (T, S, Mgh, *) or مَذَمَّةَ الرَّضَاعِ , (T, Mgh,) meaning [What will put away from me the obligation of] the right, or due, of the woman who has suckled for the sucking? is a question occurring in a trad., (T, S, Mgh, *) as put by a man to the Prophet: (T:) and the answer was, “ A slave, male or female: ” (T, S, Mgh:) En-Nakha'ee says, (S,) they liked, on the occasion of the weaning of a child, to give the woman who had suckled it something beside the hire: (S, Mgh:) مَذَمَّةٌ in this case is a dial. var. of مَذِمَّةٌ : (Mgh:) or, as IAth says, the former is from الذَّمُّ ; and the latter, from الذِّمَّهُ . (TA.) You say also, أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذَمَّ الرَّضَاعِ بِشَّىْءٍ تُعْطِيهِ الظِّئْرَ and مَذِمَّ الرَّضَاعِ , meaning [Put away from thee the obligation of] the right, or due, that is incumbent on thee to render her for the sucking of thy child [by something that thou shalt give to her who has suckled]. (T.) And أَذْهِبْ عَنْكَ مَذِمَّتَهُمْ بِشَىْءٍ and مَذَمَّتَهُمْ , (T, and so accord. to different copies of the S and K, in which عنك is omitted,) مَذَمَّة being a dial. var., (T,) i. e. [Put away from thee the obligation of their right, or due, by something; meaning] feed them with something, (T,) or give to them something, (S, K,) for they have a right, or due. (T, S, K.) And قَضَى مَذِمَّتَهُ and مَذَمَّتَهُ [He paid his right, or due;] meaning he did good to him, or conferred upon him a benefit or benefits, in order that he might not be blamed. (M, K.) And ذُو مَذِمَّةٍ رَجُلٌ and مَذَمَّةٍ [in the CK the latter only, A man who has a right, or due,] meaning كَلٌّ عَلَى النَّاسِ [a man who is a burden upon people, to be maintained, or supported, by them]. (M, K, TA.) Also (i. e. ذِمَّةٌ ) A repast, or banquet, to which guests are invited, [simply] for food, or for a wedding. (K.) See also ذَمَّةٌ .
Nounذِمَامٌ1 sense

Core sense — a compact, a covenant; a right, or duegenerated

1

See ذِمَّةٌ.

It is also a plural of ذِمَّةٌ, as well as synonymous with it.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذِمَّةٌ , in three places. It is also a pl. of ذِمَّةٌ [as well as syn. therewith]. (T.)
Nounذَمِيمٌ8 senses · 2 main

Core sense — blamed, censured; mucus flowing from the nose; dewgenerated

1

Blamed, dispraised, censured, or found fault with; the same as مَذْمُومٌ, and so also ذِمٌّ and ذَمٌّ. The last is a maṣdar used as an adjective, and, like its opposite حَمْدٌ, is applied to a man and to a place of alighting, sojourning, or abiding. See مُذِمٌّ.

1.1

See also ذَمَّةٌ.

1.2

Applied to water: disliked, or disapproved.

2

As a noun: urine and mucus — so in the copies of the K, but correctly mucus, and urine that flows from the penis of the goat; or a fluid that flows from the nose.

2.1

In the same way, milk from the teats of sheep or goats; or, as in some copies, from the teats of the she-camel; or milk that becomes sprinkled upon the udders; or milk that flows upon the thighs and udders of camels and of sheep or goats.

2.2

Also dew, without restriction, according to IDrd; or dew that falls in the night upon the trees, on which dust settles, so that it becomes like bits of clay or mud.

2.3

And the sebaceous matter that comes out from the pores of the soft part of the nose, like the eggs of ants; or pimples, or small pustules, بَثْرٌ; or a thing resembling بَثْر, black or red, like the eggs of ants, coming out upon the nose, or arising upon the faces and the noses, from heat or from the scab; or the dirty matter that comes out upon the nose. Ism waḥda with ة.

2.4

And whiteness upon the nose of a kid.

Show Lane's original text
Blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended; (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K;) i. q. مَذْمُومٌ ; (T, M, Msb, K;) as also ذِمٌّ (T, K, TA) and ذَمٌّ , (M, K, TA,) which last is an inf. n. used as an epithet, and, like [its contr.] حَمْدٌ , is applied to a man and to a place of alighting or sojourning or abiding. (TA.) [See مُذِمٌّ ] See also ذَمَّةٌ . Also, applied to water, Disliked, or disapproved. (S, K. *) [As a subst.,] Urine and mucus, (K,) so in the copies of the K, but correctly, (TA,) mucus, and urine (S, TA) that flows from the penis of the goat: (S, K, TA:) or a fluid that flows from the nose. (IAar, T.) And in like manner, Milk [that flows] from the teats of sheep or goats; (K;) or, as in some copies of the S, form the teats of the she-camel; (TA;) or from the teats of the sheep or goat: (so in one of my copies of the S: in the other of those copies omitted:) or milk that becomes sprinkled upon the udders: (Th, M:) or milk that flows upon the thighs and udders of camels and sheep or goats. (M.) Also Dew, (M, K,) absolutely; (TA;) accord. to IDrd: (M:) or dew that falls in the night upon the trees, and upon which dust lights, so that it becomes like bits of clay or mud. (M, K.) And A thing [meaning the sebaceous matter] that comes forth from the pores of the soft part of the nose, like the eggs of ants: (S:) or pimples, or small pustules, ( بَثْرٌ , T, K,) or a thing resembling بَثْر , black, or red, (M,) like the eggs of ants, (T, M,) coming forth upon the nose, (T,) or arising upon the faces (M, K) and the noses, (M,) from heat (T, M, K) or from the scab: (M, K:) or the dirty matter that comes forth upon the nose: n. un. with ة . (TA.) And Whiteness upon the nose of a kid. (Kr, M, K.)
Nounذَمَامَةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — shame, and fear of blamegenerated

1

See ذِمَّةٌ.

1.1shame, and fear of blame, with respect to his companion, seized him—أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ
shame and disgrace affected him on account of him, or it—أَصَابَتْهُ مِنْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ
shame and disgrace seized me on account of him, or it—أَخَذَتْنِى مِنْهُ مَذَمَّةٌ

Also shame, and fear of blame.

Also مَذِمَّةٌ: shame and disgrace at the neglect of what should be sacred or inviolable, or of what was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, or of an obligation, or a right, that should be held inviolable.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذِمَّةٌ , in two places. Also Shame, and fear of blame: whence the saying, أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ [Shame, and fear of blame, with respect to his companion, seized him]: and أَصَابَتْهُ مِنْهُ ذَمَامَةٌ , i. e. Shame and disgrace affected him on account of him, or it. (TA.) One says also, أَخَذَتْنِى مِنْهُ مَذَمَّةٌ and مَذِمَّةٌ , meaning Shame and disgrace by reason of the neglect of that which should be sacred or inviolable, or of that which was entitled to reverence, respect, honour, or defence, or of the obligation or duty, or the right or due, that should be regarded as sacred or inviolable, ( مِنْ تَرْكِ الحُرْمَةِ ,) [seized me on account of him, or it.] (S, K.)
Nounذُمَامَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a remainder, a remnant, a relicgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A remain, a remainder, a remaining portion, a remnant, or a relic. See also ذَمَّآء below.

Show Lane's original text
A remain, remainder, remaining portion, remnant, or relic. (K.) [See also ذَمَّآء , below.]
Nounذِمَامَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — shame, and fear of blamegenerated

1

See ذِمَّةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذِمَّةٌ , in two places.
Nounبِهِ ذَمِيمَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a crippleness, or chronic disease, that keeps him from going outgenerated

1

In him is a crippleness, or a chronic disease, or an infirmity arising from that or from some evil affection, that prevents him from going out. In the CK ذَمانَةٌ is wrongly put for زَمَانَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
In him is a crippleness, or a chronic disease, (K, [in the CK ذَمانَةٌ is erroneously put for زَمَانَةٌ ,]) or an infirmity arising therefrom or from some evil affection, (M,) that prevents him from going forth. (M, K.)
Nounأَبْقَى ذَمَّآءَ الصُّبِّ1 sense

Core sense — he left the last remains of what was poured out at oncegenerated

1figurative · مجاز

[He left] the last remains [of what was poured out, or forth, at once]. The last word is written there without any vowel signs. See also ذُمَامَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
[He left] the last remains [of what was poured out, or forth, at once]: so in the A. (TA. [But the last word is there written without any syll. signs.]) [See also ذُمَامَةٌ .]
Nounذِمِّىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a non-Muslim subject living under a compact of protectiongenerated

1

See ذِمَّةٌ, in the first half of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذِمَّةٌ , in the former half of the paragraph.
Nounذَمَّامٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who blames, or censures, muchgenerated

1

One who blames, dispraises, or censures, much, or often.

Show Lane's original text
One who blames, dispraises, discommends, &c., much, or often. (TA.)
Nounذَامٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a vice, a fault, a defectgenerated

1a vice, a fault, a defect, or the like—ذَامٌ

With and without teshdeed; the form without it belongs to ذيم. See also ذَمٌّ.

Show Lane's original text
and ذَامٌ , with and without teshdeed, [the latter belonging to art. ذيم ,] A vice, fault, defect, or the like. (As, T.) [See also ذَمٌّ .]
Nounأَذَمُّ1 sense

Core sense — a horse fatigued, and standing stillgenerated

1

A horse fatigued, and standing still.

Show Lane's original text
A horse fatigued, and standing still. (TA.)
Nounمَذَمٌّ1 sense

Core sense — a right, or due, for the neglect of which one is blamedgenerated

1

This, and مَذِمٌّ: see ذِمَّةٌ, in the latter part of the paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
and مَذِمٌّ : see ذِمَّةٌ , in the latter part of the paragraph.
Nounمُذِّمٌّ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — blamed, censured; made faulty, or defectivegenerated

1

A thing blamed, or censured, like ذَمِيمٌ; or made, or caused, to be faulty, or defective, or to have a vice, fault, or defect; as also مِذَمٌّ.

1.1

And a man in whom there is no motion.

Show Lane's original text
A thing blamed, dispraised, &c.; [like ذَمِيمٌ ;] or made, or caused, to be faulty, or defective, or to have a vice, fault, defect, or the like; (S. K;) as also مِذَمٌّ . (K.) And A man (S) in whom is no motion. (S, K.)
Nounمِذَمٌّ1 sense

Core sense — made faulty, or defective; blamedgenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounمَذَمَّةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a cause of blame; a blamable quality or actiongenerated

1niggardliness is one of the things for which one is blamed—البُخْلُ مَذَمَّةٌ

With fet-h only to the ذ. A cause of blame, censure, or reproach; a blamable quality or action; a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, censured, or found fault with; the opposite of مَحْمَدَةٌ. Plural مَذَامٌّ.

beware of, or keep far away from, causes of blame—إِيَّاكَ وَ المَذَامَّ
1.1

See also ذِمَّةٌ.

1.2

And see ذَمَامَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
, with fet-h only [to the ذ , A cause of blame, dispraise, discommendation, censure, or reprehension; a blamable, or discommendable, quality or action;] a thing for which one is, or is to be, blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended: contr. of مَحْمَدَةٌ : (S:) [pl. مَذَامٌّ .] You say, البُخْلُ مَذَمَّةٌ , (S, K,) i. e. [Niggardliness is] one of the things for which one is, or is to be, blamed, &c. (S.) And إِيَّاكَ وَ المَذَامَّ [Beware thou of, or avoid thou, or remove thyself far from, causes of blame, &c.]. (TA.) See also ذِمَّةٌ , in six places. And see ذَمَامَةٌ .
Nounمَذِمَّةٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a compact, a covenant; a right, or duegenerated

1

See ذِمَّةٌ.

1.1

And see also ذَمَامَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذِمَّةٌ , in six places. And see also ذَمَامَةٌ .
Nounمُذَمَّمٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — much blamed; a place held in reverence, or honourgenerated

1

A man much blamed, censured, or found fault with.

1.1

And a place held in reverence, respect, or honour.

Show Lane's original text
A man blamed, dispraised, discommended, found fault with, censured, or reprehended, much. (S, K.) And A place held in reverence, respect, or honour. (TA.)
Nounمَذْمُومٌ1 sense

Core sense — blamed, censured, found fault withgenerated

1

See ذَمِيمٌ, first sentence.

Qur’ānic occurrences مَذْمُوم 1 shown of 3
17:22
لَّا تَجْعَلْ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَـٰهًا ءَاخَرَ فَتَقْعُدَ مَذْمُومًا مَّخْذُولًا

Take not with Allah another object of worship; or thou (O man!) wilt sit in disgrace and destitution.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
: see ذَمِيمٌ , first sentence.
Nounمُسْتَذَمٌّ1 sense

Core sense — one to whom regard is shown as entitled to respect and protectiongenerated

1

See form 5, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see 5, last sentence.