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دبر

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Form 1دَبَرَهُ12 senses · 5 main
muḍāriʿـُيَفْعُلُ·ـِيَفْعِلُ·ـَيَفْعَلُmaṣdarدُبُورٌ دَبْرٌ دَبَارٌ دَبَرٌ

Core sense — he followed behind him; they perished, turning their backs; his back was galledgenerated

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe came following them—جَآءَ يَدْبُرُهُمْ

Muḍāriʿ دَبُرَ and دَبِرَ. He followed behind his back; he followed his back; he followed him, in place, in time, and also in rank or station.

such a one came after me, close behind me—دَبَرَنِى فُلَانٌ
he succeeded him, and remained after him—دَبَرَهُ

.

[May God curse the beginning of it and the end]—قَبَحَ ٱللّٰهُ مَا قَبَلَ مِنْهُ وَ مَا دَبَرَ
1.1.1

See form 4, in four places.

1.1.2it passed forth from the butt, or passed beyond the butt and fell behind it—دَبَرَ
the same—دَبَرَ الهَدَفَ

Said of an arrow.

.

1.1.3he, or it, went away with it, took it away, or caused it to pass away—دَبَرَ بِهِ
1.1.4the people, or company of men, perished; they went away, turning their backs, and did not return—دَبَرَ القَوْمُ

like دَمَارٌ [and دَبَارَةٌ, like دَمَارَةٌ, and apparently دَبَرَى, or دَبرَى may be a simple noun].

ادبر has a similar, or the same, meaning.

perdition befall him; may he go away, turning his back, and not return—عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَارُ
1.1.5figurative · مجازhe became an old man—دَبَرَ

Hence, as some say, the expression in the Qurʼān [74:36], وَٱللَّيْلُ إِذَا دَبَرَ [And the night when it grows old].

1.1.6figurative · مجازthe wind blew in the direction of the hinder quarter, or changed and came in that direction—دَبَرَتِ الرِّيحُ

.

That is, the direction of the wind called دَبُور [i.e. west and the like, which is regarded as the hinder quarter].

the wind became west to him after it had been east: meaning his fortune became bad after having been good—دَبَرَتْ لَهُ الرِّيحُ بَعْدَ مَا أَقْبَلَتْ
the same—دَبَرَ بَعْدَ إِقْبَالٍ

See دَبُورٌ, and see also form 4 in this article and in the article قبل.

1.1.7he, a man, or it, a people, was smitten, or affected, by the wind called الدَّبُور—دُبِرَ

A verb whose agent is not named.

1.2

دَبَرَ الحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ: see form 2.

1.3

قَبَلْتُ الحَبْلَ وَدَبَرْتُهُ: see دَبِيرٌ.

1.4he wrote a writing, or letter, or book—دَبَرَ

.

So according to Kr; but no one else says so, and the known word is ذَبَرَ.

[The maṣdar is explained in the K as synonymous with اِكْتِتَابٌ.]

1.5he had galls, or sores, on his back, produced by the saddle and the like—دَبِرَ

.

the same—ادبر

Said of a horse or the like, and of a camel.

But the corresponding passage in the M shows that this is probably a mistake for أَدْبَرُ, a synonym of دَبِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
, aor. دَبُرَ and دَبِرَ , inf. n. دُبُورٌ , He followed behind his back; he followed his back; (M, TA;) he followed him, with respect to place, and also with respect to time, and also with respect to rank or station. (TA.) You say, جَآءَ يَدْبُرُهُمْ He came following them. (M, TA.) And دَبَرَنِى فُلَانٌ Such a one came after me, behind me, (T, A,) or following me nearly. (A.) And دَبَرَهُ , inf. n. دَبْرٌ , He succeeded him, and remained after him. (TA.) And قَبَحَ ٱللّٰهُ مَا قَبَلَ مِنْهُ وَ مَا دَبَرَ [May God curse the beginning of it and the end]. (S, A.) See also 4, in four places. دَبَرَ said of an arrow, (S, Msb,) or دَبَرَ الهَدَفَ , (M, A,) aor. دَبُرَ , (S, M, Msb,) inf. n. دُبُورٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and دَبْرٌ , (M, K,) It passed forth from the butt: (S, Msb:) or passed beyond the butt, (M, A, K,) and fell behind it. (M, A.) دَبَرَ بِهِ He, or it, went away with it; took it away; carried it off; or caused it to go away, pass away, or cease. (S, K.) دَبَرَ القَوْمُ , aor. دَبُرَ , (M, TA,) inf. n. دَبَارٌ , (As, S, M, K,) like دَمَارٌ , (As, S,) [and دَبَارَةٌ , like دَمَارَةٌ (q. v.), and app. دَبَرَى , (see الخَيْبَرَى ,) or دَبرَى may be a simple subst.,] The people, or company of men, perished; (As, * S, * M, K * TA;) went away, turning the back, and did not return. (TA. [And ادبر (q. v.) has a similar, or the same, meaning.]) Hence, عَلَيْهِ الدَّبَارُ Perdition befall him; may he go away, turning the back, and not return. (M, TA.) And دَبَرَ He became an old man. (S, A, K.) Hence, as some say, the expression in the Kur [lxxiv. 36], وَٱللَّيْلُ إِذَا دَبَرَ [And the night when it groweth old]. (TA. [See also 4.]) دَبَرَتِ الرِّيحُ , (S, M, A, K,) aor. دَبُرَ , inf. n. دُبُورٌ , (M,) The wind blew in the direction of that wind which is termed دَبُور [i. e. west, &c., which is regarded as the hinder quarter]: (M, A:) or changed, and came in that direction. (S, K.) [Hence,] دَبَرَتْ لَهُ الرِّيحُ بَعْدَ مَا أَقْبَلَتْ [lit. The wind became west to him after it had been east: meaning his fortune became evil after it had been good]: and دَبَرَ بَعْدَ إِقْبَالٍ [ which means the same: see دَبُورٌ ; and see also 4 in this art., and in art. قبل ]. (A.) And دُبِرَ , (S, K,) a verb of which the agent is not named, (S,) He, (K,) a man, (TA,) or it, a people, (S, M,) was smitten, or affected, by the wind called الدَّبُور . (S, M, K.) دَبَرَ الحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ : see 2. قَبَلْتُ الحَبْلَ وَدَبَرْتُهُ : see دَبِيرٌ . دَبَرَ , aor. دَبُرَ , inf. n. دَبْرٌ , signifies, accord. to Kr, He wrote a writing or letter or book: but none other says so; and the known word is ذَبَرَ . (M.) [The inf. n. is explained in the K as syn. with اِكْتِتَابٌ .] دَبِرَ , (S, M, Mgh, K,) aor. دَبَرَ , (K,) inf. n. دَبَرٌ , (M, Mgh,) He (a horse or the like, M, K, and a camel, S, M, Mgh) had galls, or sores, on his back, (M, Mgh, K, * TA,) produced by the saddle and the like; (Mgh;) as also ادبر . (K. [But the corresponding passage in the M shows that this is probably a mistake for أَدْبَرُ a syn. of دَبِرٌ .])
Form 2دبّر الأَمْرَ3 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَدْبِيرٌ

Core sense — he considered an affair's outcome; he managed it; he freed his slave at his deathgenerated

2.1he considered, or forecast, the issues, or results, of the affair—فِى الأَمْرِ

.

he considered its end, issue, or result—تدبّرهُ
he looked to what its result would be—تدبّرهُ
he thought, or meditated, upon it—تدبّر فِيهِ

[Also تدبّرهُ.]

[O my sons, do not think about the ends of things whose beginnings have passed]—يَابَنِىَّ لَا تَتَدَبَّرُوا أَعْجَازَ أُمُورٍ قَدْ وَلَّتْ صُدُورُهَا

Aktham Ibn-Seyfee said this to his sons. [See عَجُزٌ.]

will they not, then, consider the meanings of the Qurʼān, and try to gain a clear knowledge of what is in it?—أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ القُرْآنَ
have they not, then, thought upon, and tried to understand, what has been said to them in the Qurʼān?—أَفَلَمْ يَدَّبَّرُوا القَوْلَ

In the Qurʼān [4:84].

In the Qurʼān [23:70]; explained as يَتَفَهَّمُوا.

تَدَبُّرٌ means thinking, or meditating, upon a thing, and trying to understand it; synonymous with تَفَكُّرٌ and تَفَهُّمٌ.

he looked into it, examined it, or studied it repeatedly, in order to know it—تدبّرهُ

Msb, in the article امل.

he did, or carried out, a thing with thought, or consideration—دبّر أَمْرًا

[And he devised, planned, or plotted a thing, عَلَى غَيْرِهِ, against another; and hence, he managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated an affair, because doing so requires considering how the affair will turn out.]

he managed, ordered, or regulated the affairs of the provinces, or country—دبّر أُمُورَ البِلَادِ
the same—دبّر البِلَادَ

Used with a word left out.

In the same way, of the affairs of a house.

تَدْبِيرٌ is also attributed to animals without reason — as to horses, meaning their conducting the affair of victory — and to inanimate things, as to stars, meaning their regulating the succession of the seasons and the like: see Bd on 79:5.

he acted with consideration of how affairs would turn out; he acted with forethought, or with policy—دبّر
Lane cites “Bd in lxxix. 5” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
2.1.1he made his slave free after his own death—دبّر عَبْدَهُ

He said to him, You are free after my death; he made his slave's emancipation depend on his own death.

2.1.2he related the tradition, narrative, or story, having received it, or heard it, from another person—دبّر الحَدِيثَ
he relates the tradition, or the like, received or heard from such a one—هُوَ يُدَبِّرُ حَدِيثَ فُلَانٍ
he related the tradition, or the like, having received it, or heard it, from him, after his death—دبّر الحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ
the same—دَبَرَهُ عَنْهُ

.

Sh says that دبّر الحَدِيثَ is unknown; but the phrase is so related on the authority of A'Obeyd.

Ahmad Ibn-Yaḥyà [i.e. Th] does not allow يُدَبِّرُهُ in the sense of 'he relates it', and says that it is يَذْبُرُهُ, with ذ, meaning 'he knows it, or learns it, well and thoroughly'; synonymous with يُتْقِنُهُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2 3 shown of 4
10:3
إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ فِى سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ ٱسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلْعَرْشِ ۖ يُدَبِّرُ ٱلْأَمْرَ ۖ مَا مِن شَفِيعٍ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ إِذْنِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ فَٱعْبُدُوهُ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ

Verily your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and is firmly established on the throne (of authority), regulating and governing all things. No intercessor (can plead with Him) except after His leave (hath been obtained). This is Allah your Lord; Him therefore serve ye: will ye not receive admonition?

10:31
قُلْ مَن يَرْزُقُكُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ أَمَّن يَمْلِكُ ٱلسَّمْعَ وَٱلْأَبْصَـٰرَ وَمَن يُخْرِجُ ٱلْحَىَّ مِنَ ٱلْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ ٱلْمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلْحَىِّ وَمَن يُدَبِّرُ ٱلْأَمْرَ ۚ فَسَيَقُولُونَ ٱللَّهُ ۚ فَقُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ

Say: "Who is it that sustains you (in life) from the sky and from the earth? or who is it that has power over hearing and sight? And who is it that brings out the living from the dead and the dead from the living? and who is it that rules and regulates all affairs?" They will soon say, "Allah". Say, "will ye not then show piety (to Him)?"

32:5
يُدَبِّرُ ٱلْأَمْرَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يَعْرُجُ إِلَيْهِ فِى يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُۥٓ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِّمَّا تَعُدُّونَ

He rules (all) affairs from the heavens to the earth: in the end will (all affairs) go up to Him, on a Day, the space whereof will be (as) a thousand years of your reckoning.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (T, M, A,) or فِى الأَمْرِ (S,) inf. n. تَدْبِيرٌ , (T, S, K,) He considered, or forecast, the issues, or results, of the affair, or event, or case; (TA;) and so تدبّرهُ : (Mgh:) or its end, issue, or result; (T, M, K;) as also تدبّرهُ : (T, M, Msb, K:) or he looked to what would, or might, be its result: and تدبّر فِيهِ he thought, or meditated, upon it; (S;) [as also تدبّرهُ :] Aktham Ibn-Seyfee said to his sons, يَابَنِىَّ لَا تَتَدَبَّرُوا أَعْجَازَ أُمُورٍ قَدْ وَلَّتْ صُدُورُهَا [O my sons, think not upon the ends of things whereof the beginnings have passed]: (T: [see عَجُزٌ :]) and in the Kur [iv. 84] it is said, أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ القُرْآنَ Will they, then, not consider the meanings of the Kur-án, and endeavour to obtain a clear knowledge of what is in it? (Bd:) and again, in the Kur [xxiii. 70], أَفَلَمْ يَدَّبَّرُوا القَوْلَ Have they, then, not thought upon, (TA,) and endeavoured to understand, ( يَتَفَهَّمُوا , K,) what has been said to them in the Kur-án? for تَدَبُّرٌ signifies the thinking, or meditating, upon [a thing], and endeavouring to understand [it]; syn. تَفَكُّرٌ and تَفَهُّمٌ : (TA:) and تدبّرهُ he looked into it, considered it, examined it, or studied it, repeatedly, in order to know it, or until he knew it. (Msb in art. امل .) دبّر أَمْرًا , inf. n. as above, signifies [also] He did, performed, or executed, a thing, or an affair, with thought, or consideration. (Msb.) [And He devised, planned, or plotted, a thing, عَلَى غَيْرِهِ against another. And hence, He managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated, an affair; because the doing so requires consideration of the issues, or results, of the affair. You say, دبّر أُمُورَ البِلَادِ , and, elliptically, دبّر البِلَادَ , He managed, conducted, ordered, or regulated, the affairs of the provinces, or country: and in like manner, the affairs of a house. تَدْبِيرٌ is also attributed to irrational animals; as, for ex., to horses; meaning their conducting the affair of victory: and to inanimate things; as, for ex., to stars; meaning their regulating the alternations of seasons &c.: see Bd in lxxix. 5. And دبّر alone signifies He acted with consideration of the issues, or results, of affairs, or events, or cases; acted with, or exercised, forecast, or forethought; or acted with policy.] دبّر عَبْدَهُ , (M, Msb,) inf. n. as above, (T, S, Mgh, Msb, K,) He made his slave to be free after his own death, (S, M, Mgh, Msb, K,) saying to him, Thou art free after my death: (T, TA:) he made the emancipation of his slave to depend upon his own death. (TA.) دبّر الحَدِيثَ , (inf. n. as above, K,) He related the tradition, narrative, or story, having received it, or heard it, from another person: (As, T, S, K: *) and هُوَ يُدَبِّرُ حَدِيثَ فُلَانٍ He relates the tradition, &c., of, or received from, or heard from, such a one: (As, S:) and دبّر الحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ ; (M;) or دَبَرَهُ عَنْهُ , (S, K,) aor. دَبُرَ ; (TA;) He related the tradition, &c., having received it, or heard it, from him, (S, M, K,) after his death: (S, K:) Sh says that دبّر الحَدِيثَ is unknown; but so the phrase is related on the authority of A'Obeyd: Ahmad Ibn-Yahyà [i. e. Th] disallows يُدَبِّرُهُ as meaning he relates it; and says that it is يَذْبُرُهُ , with ذ , meaning “he knows it, or learns it, well, soundly, or thoroughly;” syn. يُتْقِنُهُ . (T.)
Form 3دابرهُ4 senses · 2 main
maṣdarمُدَابَرَةٌ

Core sense — he turned his back on him; he broke with him and shunned himgenerated

3.1

Maṣdar مُدَابَرَةٌ and دِبَارٌ. He turned his back on him: see form 6.

3.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe cut the ties of his relationship; he disunited himself from his relatives—دابر رَحِمَهُ

And hence: he separated himself from him and avoided him, or shunned him; he became at variance with him; he regarded him, or treated him, with enmity.

3.1.2I made a slit such as is called إِدْبَارَة in her ear—دَابَرْتُهَا

Said of a ewe, a she-goat, or a she-camel.

3.2

See also form 4.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, *) inf. n. مُدَابَرَةٌ and دِبَارٌ , (K,) [He turned his back upon him: see 6. And hence,] He severed himself from him, and avoided him, or shunned him; (TA;) became at variance with him; (A;) regarded him, or treated him, with enmity, or hostility. (S, A, K.) And دابر رَحِمَهُ He cut, or severed, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; disunited himself from his relations. (A.) دَابَرْتُهَا I made a slit such as is termed إِدْبَارَة in her (a ewe's or goat's or camel's) ear. (As, S, K.) See also 4.
Form 4ادبر13 senses · 8 main
maṣdarإِدْبَارٌ دَبْرٌ

Core sense — he turned his back and retreated; it declined, or departed; he galled a camel's backgenerated

4.1he went, turning his back; he turned back, retreated, or declined—دَبَرَ

Maṣdar إِدْبَارٌ and دُبْرٌ, according to Kr; but the second is properly a simple noun [or quasi-maṣdar].

Maṣdar دَبْرٌ and دُبُورٌ.

Synonymous with وَلَّىِ, تَأَخَّرَ, and ذَهَبَ إِلَى خَلْفٍ; the opposite of أَقْبَلَ.

[He went back, or backward, with it, or him; he moved it, or him, backward]—ادبر بِهِ
[He goes back with the bucket to the watering-trough]—يُدْبِرُ بِالدَّلْوِ إِلَى الحَوْضِ

The opposite of the phrase يُقْبِلُ بِهَا إِلَى بِئْرِ. See also دَبِيرٌ, first sentence.

[He went back from it, or from him]—ادبر عَنْهُ
Lane cites “Bd in ix. 25” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
4.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

He pretended to take no notice of his friend's need, as though he had turned his back on him.

4.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredit went backward, to a bad state—ادبر
the case of such a one is inclining to advance—أَمْرٌ فُلَانٍ إِلَى إِقْبَالٍ
the case of such a one is going backward, to a bad state—الى إِدْبَارٌ

Said of the affair, or case, of a people.

إِدْبَارٌ often means the retiring, or declining, of good fortune; the opposite of إِقْبَالٌ. See also form 1, in the latter part of that paragraph.

the case of the people took a backward course, and none of them remained—ادبر القَوْمُ
the day went, or departed—ادبر النَّهَارِ
the day went, or departed—دَبَرَ

Its maṣdar is دُبُورٌ.

the summer, or the spring, departed—الصَّيْفُ

In the contrary sense one says أَقْبَلَ and قَبَلَ, according to Fr; he adds that of a man you say only اقبل الرَّاكِبُ and ادبر, with ا, though Az says it seems to him that both forms apply to men in the same way as they do to times.

and the night when it comes after the day, or when it follows the day—وَٱللَّيْلِ إِذَا دَبَرَ
when it retreats to depart—اذا أَدْبَرَ
the prayer ended—ادبرت الصَّلَاةُ

Some read this in the Qurʼān [74:36]; for another rendering, see form 1.

This is the reading of most.

وَإِدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ and وَإِدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ: see دُبُرٌ.

he died—ادبر
he died—دابر

See also دَبَرَ القَوْمُ in the first paragraph.

Lane cites “Bd in l. 39” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
4.1.3what is in front of the mountain, and what is behind it—مَا أَقْبَلَ مِنَ الجَبَلِ وَمَا أَدْبَرَ
the same—مِنْهُ وَمَا دَبَرَ مَا قَبَلَ
4.2he made a man be behind him—ادبر
4.3

It (the saddle, or a burden), and he (a man), caused a camel, or a horse or the like, to have galls, or sores, on the back; it galled the back.

4.3.1

His camel became galled in the back.

4.3.2

See also form 1, last meaning.

4.4

Said, apparently, of a man, meaning he slit the ear of a she-camel in a particular way: that is, it is said when the فَتْلَة [or twisted slip formed by slitting ] of the ear of a she-camel, the ear being slit, turns towards the back of the neck.

But for اذا نحرت in the TT and TA, from which this is taken, I read إِذَا بُحِرَتْ, an emendation clearly required.

أَقْبَلَ is said in the same way when this فتلة is turned towards the face. See also form 3.

4.5

It also means عَرَفَ دَبِيرَهُ مِنْ قَبِيلِهِ, or عَرَفَ قَبِيلَهُ مِنْ دَبِيرِهِ, said of a man. See دَبِيرٌ.

4.6

Also: he, a man, or it, a company of men, entered upon [a time in which blew] the wind called الدَّبُور.

4.7

And he journeyed on the day called دُبَار, i.e. Wednesday.

4.8

And he became possessed of much property or wealth, or of many camels or the like.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 4
70:17
تَدْعُوا۟ مَنْ أَدْبَرَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ

Inviting (all) such as turn their backs and turn away their faces (from the Right).

74:23
ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ وَٱسْتَكْبَرَ

Then he turned back and was haughty;

74:33
وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذْ أَدْبَرَ

And by the Night as it retreateth,

79:22
ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ يَسْعَىٰ

Further, he turned his back, striving hard (against Allah).

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (M, K, and Bd in ix. 25,) inf. n. إِدْبَارٌ (S, M) and دُبْرٌ , accord. to Kr, but correctly the latter is a simple subst. [or quasi-inf. n.]; (M;) and دَبَرَ , (IAar, S, K,) inf. n. دَبْرٌ (TA) and دُبُورٌ ; (TK;) He went, turning his back; turned back; went back; took a backward course; retreated; retired; retrograded; declined; syn. وَلَّىِ (S, M, K) and تَأَخَّرَ (IAar) and ذَهَبَ إِلَى خَلْفٍ ; (Bd ubi suprà, and S and K in art. قبل ;) contr. of أَقْبَلَ . (S, Bd.) And ادبر بِهِ [He went back, or backward, with it, or him; removed, or turned, it, or him, backward]. (S, K.) You say, يُدْبِرُ بِالدَّلْوِ إِلَى الحَوْضِ [He goes back with the bucket to the watering-trough]: opposed to the phrase يُقْبِلُ بِهَا إِلَى بِئْرِ . (A.) See also دَبِيرٌ , first sentence. And ادبر عَنْهُ [He went back, &c., from it, or him]. (Msb.) [Hence,] He feigned himself negligent of, or inattentive to, the want of his friend; (K;) as though he turned back from him. (TA.) [Hence also,] ادبر signifies It went backward, to a bad state; said of the affair, or case, of a people. (M, TA.) You say also, أَمْرٌ فُلَانٍ إِلَى إِقْبَالٍ and [in the contr. sense] الى إِدْبَارٌ [The affair, or case, of such a one is inclining to advance, and to go backward, to a bad state]. (A.) [ إِدْبَارٌ often signifies The retiring, or declining, of good fortune; opposed to إِقْبَالٌ : see also 1, in the latter part of the paragraph.] And ادبر القَوْمُ The case of the people took a backward course, and there remained none of them. (TA.) And ادبر النَّهَارِ and دَبَرَ (inf. n. of the latter دُبُورٌ , A) signify the same; (Fr, T, S, M;) i. e. The day went, or departed; (M, A;) and so الصَّيْفُ [the summer, or the spring]: and in like manner one says [in the contr. sense] أَقْبَلَ and قَبَلَ : so says Fr, and he adds, but you say of a man, اقبل الرَّاكِبُ and ادبر only, with ا , though [Az says] it seems to me that the two forms are applicable in the same manner to men as they are to times. (T.) Some read, in the Kur [lxxiv. 36], وَٱللَّيْلِ إِذَا دَبَرَ , (T, S,) which, accord. to some, means And the night when it cometh after the day; (T;) or when it followeth the day: (S: [for another rendering, see 1:]) others, (T, S,) the greater number, (T,) read اذا أَدْبَرَ , (T, S,) meaning when it retreateth to depart. (T.) [Hence,] ادبرت الصَّلَاةُ The prayer ended. (Bd in l. 39.) And وَإِدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ : and وَإِدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ : see دُبُرٌ . And ادبر He died; (K;) as also دابر . (Lh, M, K. [See also دَبَرَ القَوْمُ , in the first paragraph.]) مَا أَقْبَلَ مِنَ الجَبَلِ وَمَا أَدْبَرَ and مِنْهُ وَمَا دَبَرَ مَا قَبَلَ signify the same [i. e. What is in front, of the mountain; and what is behind]. (JK.) ادبر also signifies He made a man to be behind him. (M.) And It, (the saddle, S, K, or a burden, M, TA,) and he, (a man, S, Mgh,) caused a camel, (S, M, Mgh,) or a horse or the like, (K,) to have galls, or sores, on the back; galled the back. (M, Mgh, K. *) And His camel became galled in the back. (S, K.) See also 1, last signification. It is also said [app., of a man, as meaning He slit the ear of a she-camel in a particular manner, i. e.,] when (T) the فَتْلَة [or twisted slip formed by slitting (see إِدْبَارَةٌ )] of the ear of a she-camel, (T, K,) it being slit, (T, [but for اذا نحرت in the TT and TA, from which this is taken, I read إِذَا بُحِرَتْ , an emendation evidently required,]) turns towards the back of the neck: (IAar, T, TT, K, * TA:) and أَقْبَلَ is said in like manner when this فتلة is turned towards the face. (IAar, T, TT, TA. [See also 3.]) It signifies also عَرَفَ دَبِيرَهُ مِنْ قَبِيلِهِ , (IAar,) or عَرَفَ قَبِيلَهُ مِنْ دَبِيرِهِ ; (K;) said of a man. (IAar. [See دَبِيرٌ .]) Also He, (K,) a man, (TA,) or it, a company of men, (S, M,) entered upon [a time in which blew] the wind called الدَّبُور . (S, M, K.) And He journeyed on the day called دُبَار , i. e. Wednesday. (K, TA.) And He became possessed of much property or wealth, or of many camels or the like. (Msb, * K.)
Form 5تَدَبَّرَ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he thought upon it and considered its outcome; he knew it too lategenerated

5.1

See form 2, in nine places.

5.1.1he knew the thing at the last, after it had passed—عَرَفَ الأَمْرَ تَدَبُّرًا

Jereer says: [And you do not fear evil until it comes upon you, and you do not know the thing except at the last, when it has passed]

shāhid
وَلَا تَتَّقُونَ الشَّرَّ حَتَّىيُصِيبَكُمْوَلَا تَعْرِفُونَ الأَمْرَ إِلَّا تَدَبُّرَا

See also form 10.

he postponed the saying—تَدَبَّرَ الكَلَامَ

Said of one who has sworn after doing a thing.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 5 2 shown of 4
23:68
أَفَلَمْ يَدَّبَّرُوا۟ ٱلْقَوْلَ أَمْ جَآءَهُم مَّا لَمْ يَأْتِ ءَابَآءَهُمُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

Do they not ponder over the Word (of Allah), or has anything (new) come to them that did not come to their fathers of old?

47:24
أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ أَمْ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبٍ أَقْفَالُهَآ

Do they not then earnestly seek to understand the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up by them?

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
see 2, in nine places. عَرَفَ الأَمْرَ تَدَبُّرًا means He knew the thing at the last, (M, Mgh,) after it had past. (Mgh.) Jereer says, (M,) 1 [And ye fear not evil until it befalleth you, and ye know not the thing save at the last, when it has past]. (M, Mgh. *) [See also 10.] And in like manner, تَدَبَّرَ الكَلَامَ [meaning He postponed the saying] is said of one who has sworn after doing a thing. (Mgh.) وَلَا تَتَّقُونَ الشَّرَّ حَتَّىيُصِيبَكُمْ | وَلَا تَعْرِفُونَ الأَمْرَ إِلَّا تَدَبُّرَا
Form 6تدابروا4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — they turned their backs on one another; they became estranged and hostilegenerated

6.1

They turned their backs, one upon another.

6.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

And hence: they separated from one another, and avoided, or shunned, one another; they became at variance, and treated one another with enmity; or it is said only of the sons of one father, or ancestor.

6.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

They spoke [evil] of one another behind each other's backs.

6.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

They held back from, or neglected, helping one another.

Show Lane's original text
They turned their backs, one upon another. (A'Obeyd, T.) And hence, (A'Obeyd, T,) They severed themselves, one from another, (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K,) and avoided, or shunned, one another; (A'Obeyd, T;) became at variance, one with another; (A;) regarded, or treated, one another with enmity, or hostility: (M, A:) or it is only said of the sons of one father, or ancestor. (M.) They spoke [evil], one of another, behind the other's back. (TA.) They abstained from, or neglected, aiding, or assisting, one another. (TA in art. خذل .)
Form 10استدبرهُ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he turned his back on it; he came behind him; he knew it too lategenerated

10.1he turned his back towards the qibleh—استدبر القِبْلَةَ

The opposite of استقبلهُ: he turned his back towards him, or it.

10.1.1he came behind him and cast, or shot, at him—استدبرهُ فَرَمَاهُ

It also means: he came behind him.

10.1.2he knew at the end of his affair what he did not know at the beginning of it—اِسْتَدْبَرَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَالَمْ يَسْتَقْبِلْ
if such a one had known at the beginning of his affair what he knew at the end of it, he would have been directed to the right way of carrying it out—إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَوِ ٱسْتَقْبَلَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا ٱسْتَدْبَرَهُ لَهُدِىَ لِوِجْهَةِ أَمْرِهِ

on this sense It also means: he saw it behind him; he looked back to it; he saw it, or knew it, afterwards; he saw, or knew, at the end of an affair what he did not see, or know, at the beginning of it.

on this sense See also form 5.

10.1.3he took it for himself alone, in preference to others—استدبرهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ

Because one who does so turns his back on others and withdraws from them.

El-Aashà says, describing wine: [I sipped it] not taking [it] for myself alone [in preference to the other drinkers, nor denying what was known]

shāhid
عَلَى الشَّرْبِ أَوْ مُنْكِرٍ مَا عُلِمْتَمَزَّرْتُهَاغَيْرَ مُسْتَدْبِرٍ
Show Lane's original text
contr. of استقبلهُ . (S, * Msb, K. *) [As such it signifies He turned his back towards him, or it.] You say, استدبر القِبْلَةَ He turned his back towards the kibleh. (MA.) [As such also,] He came behind him. (TA.) You say, استدبرهُ فَرَمَاهُ (A, TA) He came behind him and cast, or shot, at him. (TA.) [As such also, He saw it behind him: he looked back to it: he saw it, or knew it, afterwards:] he saw, (M, K,) or knew, (TA,) at the end of it, namely, an affair, or a case, what he did not see, (M, K,) or know, (TA,) at the beginning of it: (M, K:) [or rather] he knew it at the end of an affair, or a case; namely, a thing that he did not know at the beginning of it. (T, A.) You say, اِسْتَدْبَرَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَالَمْ يَسْتَقْبِلْ He knew at the end of his affair, or case, what he did not know at the beginning of it. (A.) And إِنَّ فُلَانًا لَوِ ٱسْتَقْبَلَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَا ٱسْتَدْبَرَهُ لَهُدِىَ لِوِجْهَةِ أَمْرِهِ Verily such a one, had he known at the beginning of his affair, or case, what he knew at the end thereof, had been directed to the right way of executing his affair. (T.) [See also 5.] استدبرهُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ He appropriated it to himself exclusively, in preference to others: (AO, K:) because he who does so turns his back upon others, and retires from them. (TA.) El-Aashà says, describing wine, 1 i. e. [I sipped it] not appropriating [it] to myself exclusively [in preference to the other drinkers, nor denying what was known]. (AO, TA.) عَلَى الشَّرْبِ أَوْ مُنْكِرٍ مَا عُلِمْ | تَمَزَّرْتُهَاغَيْرَ مُسْتَدْبِرٍ

Derived nouns 34

Nounدَبْرٌ10 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the quarter behind a thing; a swarm of bees, or hornets; irrigated sown plotsgenerated

1figurative · مجازI turned away from his speech and pretended not to hear it—جَعَلْتُ كَلَامَهُ دَبْرَ أُذُنِى

The place, or quarter, that is behind a thing.

In the CK, خَلَف is put for خَلْف.

That is, I did not listen to his speech, and did not care about it, or regard it.

he turned away from him, avoided him, or shunned him—جَعَلَهُ دَابِرَ أُذُنِهِ
1.1

See دَبَرِىٌّ.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also death, like إِدْبَارٌ, the maṣdar of form 4.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferred

And constant sleep; it is like تَسْبِيخٌ.

2a plot in land that is sown, or for sowing—مَشَارَة

Same as دِبَارٌ. These two words are plurals [or rather collective nouns], the singulars [or isms waḥda] being دَبْرَةٌ and دِبَارَةٌ.

[Explained in the TA as a channel of water; but it seems to be used here as a portion of ground separated from the parts next to it, for sowing or planting, surrounded by dams, or by ridges of earth, which hold the water for irrigation, as explained in the article شور, and as its Persian equivalent indicates.]

Called in Persian كُرْد.

small channels for irrigation between tracts of seed-produce—دِبَارٌ

Its singular is دَبْرَةٌ.

Mtr says that دَبْرَةٌ is synonymous with مَشَارَةٌ, in Persian كَرْدَه [apparently a mistranscription for كُرْد], and that the plural is دَبْرٌ and دِبَارٌ.

ISd says that دَبْرَةٌ means a small channel for irrigation between tracts of land sown or for sowing; or, as some say, the same as مَشَارَةٌ, the plural being دِبَارٌ.

It is also said that دِبَارٌ is the same as كُرْدَةٌ, its ism waḥda being دِبَارَةٌ; and that دِبَارَاتٌ means rivulets that flow through land of seed-produce, its singular being دَبْرَةٌ. But I do not know how this is, unless دَبْرَةٌ has دِبَارٌ for its plural, and this has ة added to it, as in فِحَالَةٌ, so that دبارات is a plural of a plural, the perfect plural of دِبَارَةٌ.

AHn says that دَبْرَةٌ means a patch of ground that is sown, as is also said in the K; and the plural is دِبَارٌ.

2.1

Also a piece of rugged ground in a بَحْرٌ [i.e. a sea or large river], like an island, which the water overflows at times and from which at times it recedes.

2.2[I would not wish to have a mountain of gold and to have harmed a man of the Muslims]—مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِى دَبْرًا ذَهَبًا وَأَنِّىآذَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ المُسْلِمِينَ

And a mountain, in the Abyssinian language; Az says, “I do not know whether it is Arabic or not.” Hence the saying of the King of Abyssinia:

SM says that this is a confusion of two readings, which are دَبْرًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ and أَنْ يَكُونَ دَبْرٌ لِى ذَهَبًا; another reading is ذَبْرًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ.

2.3

See دِبْرٌ.

2.4a swarm of bees; also hornets, or large wasps—دِبْرٌ

Synonymous with زَنَابِيرُ and the like, insects having stings in their hinder parts.

It has no singular or ism waḥda; or the ism waḥda is دَبْرَةٌ, or دِبْرَةٌ, of which the diminutive دُبَيْرَةٌ occurs in a tradition. Plural of paucity أَدْبُرٌ, plural of multitude دُبُورٌ.

دَبُورٌ, with fatḥ to the first letter, means bees, and has no proper singular.

[The protected of hornets, or bees]—حَمِىُّ الدَّبْرِ

ʿĀṣim Ibn-Thābit El-Anṣāree was so called because his corpse was protected from his enemies by large hornets, or by a swarm of bees.

2.5the young ones of locusts—دَبْرٌ
the same—دِبْرٌ
Qur’ānic occurrences إِدْبَٰر
52:49
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَـٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ

And for part of the night also praise thou Him,- and at the retreat of the stars!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
The location, or quarter, that is behind a thing. (K. [In the CK, for خَلْف is put خَلَف .]) Hence the saying, (TA,) جَعَلْتُ كَلَامَهُ دَبْرَ أُذُنِى I turned away from his speech, and feigned myself deaf to it: (T, S:) I did not listen to his speech, nor care for it, or regard it. (M, K, * TA.) You say also, جَعَلَهُ دَابِرَ أُذُنِهِ He turned away from him, avoided him, or shunned him. (T, * A.) See also دَبَرِىٌّ . Also, [like إِدْبَارٌ , inf. n. of 4,] Death. (K.) And Constant sleep: (M, K:) it is like تَسْبِيخٌ . (M.) I. q. دِبَارٌ ; these two words being pls. [or rather coll. gen. ns.] whereof the sings. [or ns. un.] are دَبْرَةٌ and دِبَارَةٌ ; which signify A مَشَارَة [explained in the TA as meaning a channel of water; but it seems to be here used as meaning a portion of ground separated from the adjacent parts, for sowing or planting, being surrounded by dams, or by ridges of earth, which retain the water for irrigation, as explained in art. شور , and as is indicated by its Persian equivalent here following,] in, (S,) or of, (K,) land that is sown or for sowing; (S, K;) called in Persian كُرْد : (S:) and دِبَارٌ signifies small channels for irrigation between tracts of seedproduce; (K;) and its sing. is دَبْرَةٌ : (TA:) [Mtr says,] دَبْرَةٌ is syn. with مَشَارَةٌ ; in Persian كَرْدَه [app. a mistranscription for كُرْد as above]; and the pl. is دَبْرٌ and دِبَارٌ : (Mgh:) [ISd says,] دَبْرَةٌ signifies a small channel for irrigation between tracts of land sown or for sowing: or, as some say, i. q. مَشَارَةٌ : and the pl. is دِبَارٌ : it is also said that دِبَارٌ signifies i. q. كُرْدَةٌ ; and its n. un. is دِبَارَةٌ : and دِبَارَاتٌ signifies rivulets that flow through land of seed-produce; and its sing. is دَبْرَةٌ : but I know not how this is, unless دَبْرَةٌ have دِبَارٌ for its pl., and this have ة added to it, as in فِحَالَةٌ , and so دبارات be a pl. pl., i. e. perfect pl. of دِبَارَةٌ : AHn says that دَبْرَةٌ signifies a patch of ground that is sown; [as is also said in the K;] and the pl. is دِبَارٌ . (M.) Also A piece of rugged ground in a بَحْرٌ [i. e. sea or large river], like an island, which the water overflows [at times] and from which [at times] it recedes. (M, K.) And A mountain; (T, K;) in the Abyssinian language: (TA: [Az says, “I know not whether it be Arabic or not:”]) whence the saying of the King of Abyssinia, (T, * K, * TA,) مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِى دَبْرًا ذَهَبًا وَأَنِّىآذَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ المُسْلِمِينَ [I would not that I had a mountain of gold and that I had harmed a man of the Muslims]: (T, K:) but [SM says that] this is a confounding of two readings; which are, دَبْرًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ and أَنْ يَكُونَ دَبْرٌ لِى ذَهَبًا : (TA:) another reading is ذَبْرًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ . (TA in art. ذبر .) See also دِبْرٌ . Also, (S, M, K, &c.,) and دِبْرٌ , (AHn, M, K,) A swarm of bees: and hornets, or large wasps; syn. زَنَابِيرُ : (S, M, K:) and the like thereof, having stings in their hinder parts: (B:) it has no sing., or n. un.: (As, M:) or the n. un. is دَبْرَةٌ or دِبْرَةٌ ; of which the dim. دُبَيْرَةٌ occurs in a trad.: (TA:) pl. [of pauc.] أَدْبُرٌ (K) and [of mult.] دُبُورٌ : (As, S, K:) and دَبُورٌ , with fet-h to the first letter, signifies bees; and has no proper sing. (M.) 'Ásim Ibn-Thábit El-Ansáree was called حَمِىُّ الدَّبْرِ [The protected of hornets, or bees], because his corpse was protected from his enemies by large hornets, (S,) or by a swarm of bees. (M, Mgh * in art. حمى .) دَبْرٌ also signifies The young ones of locusts; (AHn, K;) and so دِبْرٌ . (AHn, M, K.)
Nounدُبْرٌ2 senses

Core sense — the back, or hinder part, of a thinggenerated

1

See دُبُرٌ and دَبَرِىٌّ, the second in two places.

2

See also form 4, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see دُبُرٌ : and دَبَرِىٌّ ; the latter in two places. See also 4, first sentence.
Nounدِبْرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — much property or wealth; many camels, beyond countinggenerated

1

See دَبْرٌ, last sentence but two, and last sentence.

1.1much property or wealth; many camels or the like, such as cannot be counted—دَبْرٌ

The singular [and dual] and plural are alike. Used as an adjective you say مَالٌ دِبْرٌ, مَالَانِ دِبْرٌ, and أَمْوَالٌ دِبْرٌ — this usage is the best known — but sometimes دُبُورٌ is used as its plural; in the same way you say مَالٌ دَثْرٌ; and you say also رَجُلٌ ذُو دِبْرٍ and رجل دبر [unless this is a mistake for the phrase just before it], meaning a man having large possessions in land, houses, or other property.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَبْرٌ , last sentence but two, and last sentence. Also, (S, M, K,) and دَبْرٌ , (M, K,) Much property or wealth; or many camels or the like; (S, M, K;) such as cannot be computed, or calculated: (M:) the sing. [and dual] and pl. are alike: you say [using it as an epithet] مَالٌ دِبْرٌ and مَالَانِ دِبْرٌ and أَمْوَالٌ دِبْرٌ : (S, M:) this mode of usage is best known; but sometimes دُبُورٌ is used as its pl.: (M:) in like manner you say مَالٌ دَثْرٌ : and you say also رَجُلٌ ذُو دِبْرٍ , (S, TA,) and رجل دبر , [unless this be a mistake for the phrase immediately preceding,] (Fr, TA,) meaning a man having large possessions in land or houses or other property. (Fr, S, TA.)
Nounدَبَرٌ3 senses

Core sense — a gall, or sore, on the back, produced by the saddlegenerated

1when you see the Pleiades near to setting with sunset, then is a time of the breeding of camels, and a time of rain—إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الثُّرَيَّا بِدَبَرْ فَشَهْرٌ نِتَاجْ وَشَهْرٌ مَطَرْ وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الشِّعْرَى بِقَبَلْ فَمَجْدُ فَتًى وَحِمْلُ جَمَلْ

And when you see Sirius near to rising with sunset, then is the glory of the generous man, and the time for the burden of the full-grown he-camel; for then is the most intense cold, when none but the generous, noble and honourable man will patiently keep up hospitality and kindness, and when the heavy burden is laid only on the strong full-grown he-camel, because then the camels become lean and the pasturage is scanty.

It appears to mean a tract of the western sky at sunset, since the Arabs said the following.

2a gall, or sore, on the back of a horse or the like, and of a camel, produced by the saddle and the like—دَبَرَةٌ

The headword, and also أَدْبَارٌ, is its plural [or rather the headword is a collective noun].

Also such a sore on the كِرْكِرَة [or callous projection on the breast] of a camel.

[When] the galls on the back of the beast, or on the foot of the camel, [heal, and the footstep, or mark, becomes obliterated]—إِذَا بَرَأَ الدَّبَرُ وَعَفَا الأَثَرُ

They used to say this in the Time of Ignorance.

3

Also the maṣdar of دَبِرَ.

Show Lane's original text
[app. signifies A tract of the western sky at sunset: for] the Arabs said, إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الثُّرَيَّا بِدَبَرْ فَشَهْرٌ نِتَاجْ وَشَهْرٌ مَطَرْ وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الشِّعْرَى بِقَبَلْ فَمَجْدُ فَتًى وَحِمْلُ جَمَلْ , meaning When thou seest the Pleiades near to setting with sunset, then [is a month which] is a time of breeding of camels, and [a month which is] a time of rain: and when thou seest Sirius [near to rising] with sunset, [then is the glory of the generous man, and the time for the burden of the full-grown hecamel; for] then is the most intense degree of cold, when none but the generous and noble and ingenuous man will patiently persevere in the exercise of hospitality and beneficence, and when the heavy burden is not laid save upon the strong full-grown he-camel, because then the camels become lean and the pasturage is scanty. (M.) Also, and so is أَدْبَارٌ , a pl. [or rather the former is a coll. gen. n.] of دَبَرَةٌ , (S, M, K,) which signifies A gall, or sore, on the back (M, * Mgh, K, * TA) of a horse or the like (M, K, TA) and of a camel, (M, Mgh,) produced by the saddle and the like; (Mgh;) and also on the كِرْكِرَة [or callous projection on the breast] of a camel. (S and K in art. سر .) They used to say, in the Time of Ignorance, إِذَا بَرَأَ الدَّبَرُ وَعَفَا الأَثَرُ , explained as meaning [When] the galls on the back of the beast or upon the foot of the camel [shall heal, and the footstep, or mark, become obliterated]. (TA from a trad.) Also inf. n. of دَبِرَ . (M, Mgh.)
Nounدَبِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — having galls, or sores, on the back, said of a horse or camelgenerated

1a horse or the like, and a camel, having galls, or sores, on his back—أَدْبَرُ

The galls being produced by the saddle and the like; having his back galled: see دَبَرٌ.

Feminine دَبِرَةٌ and دَبْرَآءُ; plural دَبْرَى.

[What the one that had galls on his back suffered was a light matter to the one that had a sound back]—هَانَ عَلَى الأَمْلَسِ مَا لَاقَى الدَّبِرُ

A proverb, applied to one who has little concern for his companion.

1.1apparently, a man erring and perishing—رَجُلٌ خَسِرٌ وَدَبِرٌ

Lh says that دَبِرٌ is an imitative sequent to خَسِرٌ; but ISd says he thinks that خَسِرٌ is a verbal adjective and دَبِرٌ a possessive adjective.

You say also أَحْمَقٌ خَاسِرٌ دَابِرٌ دَامِرٌ, and دَابِرٌ is said to be an imitative sequent to خَاسِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
(M, K) and أَدْبَرُ (M) A horse or the like, (M, K,) and a camel, (M,) having galls, or sores, (M, K,) on his back (TA) [produced by the saddle and the like; having his back galled: see دَبَرٌ ]: fem. [of the former] دَبِرَةٌ and [of the latter] دَبْرَآءُ : and pl. [of either] دَبْرَى . (M, TA.) [Hence the prov.,] هَانَ عَلَى الأَمْلَسِ مَا لَاقَى الدَّبِرُ [What he that had galls on his back experienced was a light matter to him that had a sound back]: applied to one who has an ill concern for his companion. (K.) In the phrase رَجُلٌ خَسِرٌ وَدَبِرٌ [app. meaning A man erring and perishing], Lh says that دَبِرٌ is an imitative sequent to خَسِرٌ : but [ISd says,] I think that خَسِرٌ is a verbal epithet, and that دَبِرٌ is a possessive epithet. (M in art. دمر .) You say also أَحْمَقٌ خَاسِرٌ دَابِرٌ دَامِرٌ : (T in art. بت : [see art. خسر :]) and دَابِرٌ is said to be an imitative sequent to خَاسِرٌ . (TA.)
Nounدُبُرٌ7 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the back; the hinder or last part of a thing; the buttocksgenerated

1figurative · مجازthe back—دُبْرٌ

This is a contraction of the headword, and not so commonly used, just as إِبْلٌ is not so commonly used as إِبِلٌ. Synonymous with ظَهْرٌ; this is the first meaning given in the A and B. Plural أَدْبَارٌ.

he turned his back; figuratively, he was put to flight—وَلَّى دُبُرَهُ
he turned his back to him; figuratively, the same—وَلَّاهُ دُبُرَهُ
[And they shall turn the back, in flight]—وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ

In the Qurʼān [54:45]; here الدبر is used in a collective sense, as in another passage of the Qurʼān [14:44], لَا يَرْتَدُّ إِلَيْهِمْ طَرْفُهُمْ.

they turned back in flight, or being routed—وَلَّوْا دَبْرَةً
1.1the arrow fell behind the butt—وَقَعَ السَّهْمُ بِدُبْرِ الهَدَفِ

The back, or hinder part, of anything, the opposite of قُبُلٌ: for instance, of a shirt. (Qurʼān 12:25, 27, 28.)

TA in the article قبل.

Qur’ān 12:25 approximate — somewhere between 12:19 and 12:30 Lane cites “Kur xii. 25”
Qur’ān 12:25 the verse Lane’s citation points to, and it uses this root
وَٱسْتَبَقَا ٱلْبَابَ وَقَدَّتْ قَمِيصَهُۥ مِن دُبُرٍ وَأَلْفَيَا سَيِّدَهَا لَدَا ٱلْبَابِ ۚ قَالَتْ مَا جَزَآءُ مَنْ أَرَادَ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوٓءًا إِلَّآ أَن يُسْجَنَ أَوْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

So they both raced each other to the door, and she tore his shirt from the back: they both found her lord near the door. She said: "What is the (fitting) punishment for one who formed an evil design against thy wife, but prison or a grievous chastisement?"Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.2the backside, buttocks, or rump; and the anus—اِسْتٌ

It has the first of these two meanings in many places, and the second in many others. In the S and K, in the article جعر, it is given as a synonym of مَجْعَرٌ, which has the second meaning today. This second meaning may also be intended by the explanation “the opposite of قُبُلٌ”, as well as “the back, or hinder part,” of anything; for قُبُلٌ very often means the front private parts of a man or woman, and is so explained. The anus is also called حَلْقَةُ الدُّبُرِ, حِتَارُ الدُّبُرِ, and شَرَجُ الدُّبُرِ.

Its plural أَدْبَارٌ is also applied to the part comprising the اِسْت [or anus] and the حَيَآء [or vulva] of a solid-hoofed animal, of a cloven-hoofed animal, and of one having claws or talons; or, as some say, of a camel, or an animal having feet like a camel's. The singular is applied to the حَيَآء [or vulva] alone of any such animal.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredI came to you in the last part, or parts, of the month—جِئْتُكَ دُبُرِ الشَّهْرِ

The latter, or last, part of a thing, an affair, or an event, or of anything: plural أَدْبَارٌ [and دِبَارٌ: see دَبَرِىٌّ]. See also دَابِرٌ.

the same—فِى دُبُرِهِ
the same—عَلَى دُبُرِهِ
the same—أَدْبَارَ الشَّهْرِ
the same—فِى أَدْبَارِهِ
[I will petition for you in the last parts, or the conclusions, of the prayers]—أَدْعُو لَكَ فِى أَدْبَارِ الصَّلَوَاتِ

See also دَبَرِىٌّ.

and in the last parts, or the ends, of the prayers—وَأَدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ
and in the ending of prostration—وَإِدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ

In the Qurʼān [50:39].

This is another reading of the text, virtually the same in meaning. Ks and Th adopt the first reading, because every single prostration has its last part; or, according to the T, the meaning is: and in the two rakʿahs after sunset, as related on the authority of ʿAlee the son of Aboo-Ṭālib.

and during the following of the stars one upon another, and their moving towards the west, to set—وَأَدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ

The similar expression in the Qurʼān [52, last verse] is so explained by the lexicologists. But ISd says: I do not know how this is, since أَخْذٌ, by which they explain it, is a maṣdar, while أَدْبَار is a plural of a noun.

and during the setting of the stars—وَإِدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ

This is another reading of the text, adopted by Ks and Th; or, according to the T, both mean: and in the two rakʿahs before daybreak.

1.4

Also the hinder part, and corner, of a house, chamber, or tent.

1.5the freeing of a slave after the death of his owner—عِتْقَ العَبْدِ عَنْ دُبُرٍ
1.6

See also دَبِيرٌ, of which, and of دِبَارٌ, دُبُرٌ is said in the TA to be a plural.

Qur’ānic occurrences دُبُر 5 shown of 18
3:111
لَن يَضُرُّوكُمْ إِلَّآ أَذًى ۖ وَإِن يُقَـٰتِلُوكُمْ يُوَلُّوكُمُ ٱلْأَدْبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ

They will do you no harm, barring a trifling annoyance; if they come out to fight you, they will show you their backs, and no help shall they get.

12:27
وَإِن كَانَ قَمِيصُهُۥ قُدَّ مِن دُبُرٍ فَكَذَبَتْ وَهُوَ مِنَ ٱلصَّـٰدِقِينَ

"But if it be that his shirt is torn from the back, then is she the liar, and he is telling the truth!"

47:27
فَكَيْفَ إِذَا تَوَفَّتْهُمُ ٱلْمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ يَضْرِبُونَ وُجُوهَهُمْ وَأَدْبَـٰرَهُمْ

But how (will it be) when the angels take their souls at death, and smite their faces and their backs?

50:40
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَأَدْبَـٰرَ ٱلسُّجُودِ

And during part of the night, (also,) celebrate His praises, and (so likewise) after the postures of adoration.

54:45
سَيُهْزَمُ ٱلْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ ٱلدُّبُرَ

Soon will their multitude be put to flight, and they will show their backs.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
and دُبْرٌ , (the latter a contraction of the former, Msb, [and not so commonly used, like as إِبْلٌ is not so commonly used as إِبِلٌ ,]) The back; syn. ظَهْرٌ : (S, A, B, K;) the first signification given in the [S and] A and B: pl. أَدْبَارٌ . (TA.) You say, وَلَّى دُبُرَهُ [lit., He turned his back; and tropically,] he was put to flight. (A.) And وَلَّاهُ دُبُرَهُ [lit., He turned his back to him; and tropically,] the same as the phrase immediately preceding. (Mgh, Msb.) It is said in the Kur [liv. 45], وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ [And they shall turn the back, in flight]: where الدبر is used in a collective sense, agreeably with another passage in the Kur [xiv. 44], لَا يَرْتَدُّ إِلَيْهِمْ طَرْفُهُمْ . (S, B.) You also say, وَلَّوْا دَبْرَةً They turned back in flight, or being routed. (A, TA.) The back, or hinder part, contr. of قُبُلٌ , (S, A, Msb, K,) of anything: (Msb:) as, for instance, of a shirt. (Kur xii. 25, 27, and 28.) You say, وَقَعَ السَّهْمُ بِدُبْرِ الهَدَفِ The arrow fell behind the butt. (TA in art. قبل .) The backside; posteriors; buttocks; rump; or podex: and the anus: syn. اِسْتٌ . (K.) [It has the former of these two significations in many instances; and the latter of them in many other instances: in the S and K in art. جعر , it is given as a syn. of مَجْعَرٌ , which has the latter signification in the present day. This latter signification may also be intended in the S, M, A, Msb, and K, by the explanation “ contr. of قُبُلٌ , ” as well as the “ back, or hinder part, ” of anything: for قُبُلٌ very often signifies the “ anterior pudendum ” of a man or woman, and is so explained. The anus is also called حَلْقَةُ الدُّبُرِ and حِتَارُ الدُّبُرِ and شَرَجُ الدُّبُرِ .] Its pl. أَدْبَارٌ is also applied to the part which comprises the اِسْت [or anus] and the حَيَآء [or vulva, i. e., external portion of the female organs of generation,] of a solid-hoofed animal, and of a cloven-hoofed animal, and of that which has claws, or talons: or, as some say, of a camel, or an animal having feet like those of the camel: and the sing., to the حَيَآء [or vulva] alone, of any such animal. (M, TT.) The latter, or last, part, (T, S, M, Msb, K,) of a thing, an affair, or an event, (T, S, Msb,) or of anything: (M, K:) pl. أَدْبَارٌ (M) [and دِبَارٌ : see دَبَرِىٌّ ]. [See also دَابِرٌ .] One says, جِئْتُكَ دُبُرِ الشَّهْرِ , and فِى دُبُرِهِ , and عَلَى دُبُرِهِ , and أَدْبَارَ الشَّهْرِ , and فِى أَدْبَارِهِ , I came to thee in the latter, or last, part or parts, of the month. (M, K.) And أَدْعُو لَكَ فِى أَدْبَارِ الصَّلَوَاتِ [I will petition for thee in the latter, or last, parts, or the conclusions, of the prayers]. (A.) See also دَبَرِىٌّ . In the Kur [I. xxxix.], وَأَدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ signifies And in the latter parts, or the ends, of the prayers: and وَإِدْبَارَ السُّجُودِ [virtually] signifies the same [i. e. and in the ending of prostration], and is another reading of the text: Ks and Th adopt the former reading, because every single prostration has its latter part: or, accord. to the T, the meaning is, and in the two rek'ahs ( الرَّكْعَتَانِ ) after sunset; as is related on the authority of 'Alee the son of Aboo-Tálib. (TA.) The similar expression in the Kur [lii. last verse] وَأَدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ is explained by the lexicologists as signifying And during the consecution of the stars, and their taking towards the west, to set: but [ISd says,] I know not how this is, since أَخْذٌ , by which they explain it, is an inf. n., and أَدْبَار is a pl. of a subst.: وَإِدْبَارَ النُّجُومِ , which is another reading of the text, signifies and during the setting of the stars: and Ks and Th adopt this latter reading: (M:) or, accord. to the T, both mean and in the two rek'ahs before daybreak. (TA.) Also The hinder part, (M,) and angle, ( زَاوِيَة ,) of a house or chamber or tent. (M, K.) عِتْقَ العَبْدِ عَنْ دُبُرٍ (S, K) means The emancipation of the slave after the death of his owner. (S, Mgh, * Msb. * [See 2.]) [See also دَبِيرٌ , of which, and of دِبَارٌ , دُبُرٌ is said in the TA in art. قبل to be a pl.].
Nounدَبْرَةٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — a turn of evil fortune; a defeat in fight; the outcome of a thinggenerated

1

See دُبُرٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[May God make the turn of evil fortune to be against him]—جَعَلَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّبْرَةَ

Also a turn of evil fortune; an unfavourable turn of fortune; or a turn to be vanquished; the opposite of دَوْلَةٌ. دَوْلَةٌ relates to good, and دَبْرَةٌ to evil.

ISd says that this is the best explanation he has seen of دَبْرَةٌ.

in whose favour is the issue, or result?—لِمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ

Or it means the issue, or result, of a thing, an affair, or a case.

Said by Aboo-Jahl to Ibn-Masʿood when he lay prostrate, wounded; and he was answered, “In favour of God and His apostle, enemy of God.”

Also defeat in fight; a noun from الإِدْبَارُ, as also دَبَرَةٌ and دَابِرَةٌ.

his adversary was defeated—كَانَتِ الدَّبْرَةُ لَهُ
he was himself defeated—عَلَيْهِ
who is the defeater?—لِمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ
who is the defeated?—عَلَىمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ

The plural of دَبْرَةٌ in this last sense is دِبَارٌ, which also means conflicts and defeats.

God brought upon them, or may God bring upon them, conflicts and defeats—أَوْقَعَ ٱللّٰهُ بِهِمُ الدِّبَارَ
2

See also دَبْرٌ, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see دُبُرٌ . Also A turn of evil fortune; an unfavourable turn of fortune: or a turn to be vanquished; contr. of دَوْلَةٌ : (As, M, K:) دَوْلَةٌ relates to good; and دَبْرَةٌ , to evil: one says, جَعَلَ ٱللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّبْرَةَ [May God make the turn of evil fortune to be against him]: (As, T, M:) this [says ISd] is the best explanation that I have seen of دَبْرَةٌ : (M:) or (so accord. to the M, but in the K “ and ”) it signifies the issue, or result, of a thing or an affair or a case; (M, K;) as in the saying of Aboo-Jahl to Ibn-Mes'ood, when he [the former] lay prostrate, wounded, لِمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ In whose favour is the issue, or result? and was answered, “ In favour of God and his apostle, O enemy of God: ” (T, TA:) also defeat in fight; (S, A, Mgh, K;) a subst. from الإِدْبَارُ , as also دَبَرَةٌ , (S,) and دَابِرَةٌ : (IAar, A, K:) you say, كَانَتِ الدَّبْرَةُ لَهُ , meaning His adversary was defeated; and عَلَيْهِ meaning He was himself defeated: (A:) and لِمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ , meaning Who is the defeater? and عَلَىمَنِ الدَّبْرَةُ Who is the defeated? the pl. of دَبْرَةٌ in the last sense is دِبَارٌ : (TA:) which also signifies conflicts and defeats; (K;) as in the saying, أَوْقَعَ ٱللّٰهُ بِهِمُ الدِّبَارَ God caused, or may God cause, to befall them conflicts and defeats. (TA.) See also دَبْرٌ , in two places.
Nounدِبْرَةٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — the direction towards which one turns his backgenerated

1figurative · مجازhe has no way of applying himself rightly to his affair—مَا لَهُ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ

The direction, or point, towards which one turns his back; the opposite of قِبْلَةٌ.

the right way of carrying out this affair is not known—لَيْسَ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ
1.1

See also إِدْبَارَةٌ.

2

And see دَبْرٌ, near the end.

Show Lane's original text
The direction, or point, towards which one turns his back; contr. of قِبْلَةٌ . (S, K.) One says, مَا لَهُ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ , meaning He has no way of applying himself rightly to his affair. (S, K, TA.) And لَيْسَ لِهٰذَا الأَمْرِ قِبْلَةٌ وَلَا دِبْرَةٌ The right way of executing this affair is not known. (S, A.) See also إِدْبَارَةٌ . And see دَبْرٌ , near the end.
Nounدَبَرَةٌ2 senses

Core sense — a gall, or sore, on the back, produced by the saddlegenerated

1

See دَبْرَةٌ.

2

And see also دَبَرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَبْرَةٌ : and see also دَبَرٌ .
Nounدَبَرَى1 sense

Core sense — the passing of an arrow beyond the butt, falling behind itgenerated

1

See form 1.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1.
Nounدَبْرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — backward; and hence, lategenerated

1

See the following paragraph, in two places.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next paragraph, in two places.
Nounدَبَرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — backward; late, done at the last part of the timegenerated

1figurative · مجاز[True learning is prompt, and is not backward]—العِلْمُ قَبَلِىٌّوَلَيْسَ بِالدَّبَرِىِّ
I followed my companion, fearing that he would get away from me, after having been with him and having fallen behind him—تَبِعْتُ صَاحِبِى دَبَرِيًّا
the worst opinion, or counsel, is the one that occurs late, when the need for it has passed—شَرُّ الرَّأْىِ الدَّبَرِىُّ

Backward; and hence, late.

That is, the man of sound learning answers you quickly, but the backward one says, I must consider it.

That is, when the affair is past. Or رَأْىٌ دَبَرِىٌّ means an opinion, or counsel, not deeply looked into; and in the same way جَوَابٌ means an answer, or reply, not deeply looked into.

such a one performs prayer only in the last part of its time—فُلَانٌ لَا يُصَلِّى الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا دَبَرِيًّا
the same—دَبْرِيًّا
the same—دُبُرِيًّا

The last of these is what the relaters of traditions say; the K calls it a corruption, but it may have been heard from a good authority, and by the rules of the language it is sound, for according to IAth دَبَرِىٌّ is a relative noun irregularly formed from دُبُرٌ.

he will not come to prayer except at the last, or late—لَا يَأْتِى الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا دَبَرِيًّا
the same—الّا دُبْرًا
the same—دَبْرًا
he came to prayer at the latest of its times, or after the time had gone—أَتَى الصَّلَاةَ دِبَارًا

These occur in traditions, the last two being different relations of the same text.

دِبَارٌ is a plural of دُبُرٌ and دُبْرٌ, meaning the last of the times of prayer and the like.

such a one came last, or latest—جَآءَ فُلَانٌ دَبْرِيًّا

دبريًّا is in the accusative case as an adverbial noun of time [like دُبْرًا, دَبْرًا, and دِبَارًا], or as a denotative of state relating to the agent of the verb.

In the passage in the K [where it is said that دَبَرِىٌّ means prayer in the last part of its time, and so on], there is a looseness.

Show Lane's original text
[Backward: and hence, late]. You say, العِلْمُ قَبَلِىٌّوَلَيْسَ بِالدَّبَرِىِّ [True learning is prompt, and is not backward]: i. e., the man of sound learning answers thee quickly; but the backward says, I must consider it. (Th, T.) And تَبِعْتُ صَاحِبِى دَبَرِيًّا I followed my companion, fearing that he would escape me, after having been with him, and having fallen back from him. (M.) And شَرُّ الرَّأْىِ الدَّبَرِىُّ (T, S, A, K *) The worst opinion, or counsel, is that which occurs [to one] late, when the want [of it] is past; (T, S, K, * TA;) i. e., when the affair is past: or رَأْىٌ دَبَرِىٌّ signifies an opinion, or a counsel, not deeply looked into; and in like manner, جَوَابٌ , an answer, or a reply. (M.) And فُلَانٌ لَا يُصَلِّى الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا دَبَرِيًّا (AZ, S, M, A, K) and دَبْرِيًّا , (AHeyth, K,) and the relaters of traditions say دُبُرِيًّا , (S,) which is said in the K to be a corruption, but it may have been heard from a good authority, and with respect to the rules of the language is chaste, for, accord. to IAth, دَبَرِىٌّ is a rel. n. irregularly formed from دُبُرٌ , (TA,) Such a one performs not prayer save in the last part of its time. (AZ, S, K *) It is said in a trad., لَا يَأْتِى الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا دَبَرِيًّا ; and in another, الّا دُبْرًا or دَبْرًا , accord. to different relations; He will not come to prayer save at the last, or late: and in another, أَتَى الصَّلَاةَ دِبَارًا He came to prayer at the latest of the times thereof; (IAar, TA;) or after the time had gone: (S:) دِبَارٌ being a pl. of دُبُرٌ and دُبْرٌ meaning the last of the times of prayer &c. (IAar, TA.) One says also, جَآءَ فُلَانٌ دَبْرِيًّا Such a one came last, or latest. (A, * TA.) دبريًّا is in the accus. case as an adv. n. of time [like دُبْرًا and دَبْرًا and دِبَارًا ], or as a denotative of state with respect to the agent of the verb. (TA.) In the passage in the K [where it is said that دَبَرِىٌّ signifies Prayer in the last of its time, &c.], there is a looseness. (TA.)
Nounدُبُرِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — late; at the last part of the timegenerated

1

See the preceding paragraph.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounالدَّبَرَانُ1 sense

Core sense — the Hyades; a star following the Pleiades, the fourth Mansion of the Moongenerated

1

The Hyades: or the five chief stars of the Hyades: or the brightest star among them, α of Taurus: five stars of Taurus, said to be his hump; one of the Mansions of the Moon, namely the fourth; a certain star, or asterism, between الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades] and الجَوْزَآءُ [or Orion], also called التَّابِعُ and التُّوَيْبِعُ.

It follows الثريّا, and is therefore so named. See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ in the article نزل, and see المِجْدَحُ in the article جدح.

Show Lane's original text
[The Hyades: or the five chief stars of the Hyades: or the brightest star among them, a of Taurus:] five stars of Taurus, said to be his hump; (S;) one of the Mansions of the Moon; [namely, the Fourth;] a certain star, or asterism, between الثُّرَيَّا [or the Pleiades] and الجَوْزَآءُ [or Orion], also called التَّابِعُ and التُّوَيْبِعُ ; (T;) it follows الثريّا , (T, M,) and therefore is thus named. (T.) [See مَنَازِلُ القَمَرِ , in art. نزل : and see المِجْدَحُ , in art. جدح .]
Nounدُبَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — Wednesday, the fourth day of the weekgenerated

1Wednesday, the fourth day of the week—دِبَارٌ

In the M, according to the TT, written دُبَارُ; and it occurs in poetry imperfectly declined, though there is no reason for its being so in prose.

An ancient name for that day; or, according to the ʿEyn, the night before Wednesday, an explanation preferred by some authorities.

Wednesday is a day of ill luck. Mujāhid, being asked about the day of ill luck, answered, “The Wednesday that does not come round again in the month.”

Show Lane's original text
, (S, M, K, [in the M, accord. to the TT, written دُبَارُ , and it occurs in poetry imperfectly decl., but there is no reason for its being so in prose,]) and دِبَارٌ , (K,) Wednesday; the fourth day of the week; (S, K;) an ancient name thereof: (S, M, * TA:) or, accord. to the 'Eyn, (K,) the night of [i. e. preceding the day of] Wednesday: (M, K:) which latter explanation is preferred by some authorities. (TA.) Wednesday is a day of ill luck: Mujáhid, being asked respecting the day of ill luck, answered, “ The Wednesday that does not come round [again, i. e. the last Wednesday,] in the month. ” (TA.)
Nounدِبَارٌ4 senses · 3 main

Core sense — small irrigation channels between tracts of sown landgenerated

1

See دَبَرِىٌّ, in two places.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredsuch a one does not know the first part of the affair from the last part of it—فُلَانٌ مَا يَدْرِى قِبَالَ الأَمْرِ مِنْ دِبَارِهِ

مَا يَعْرِفُ قِبَالًا and مِنْ دِبَارٍ: see دَبِيرٌ.

you are not one they care about—مَا أَنْتَ لَهُمْ فِى قِبَالٍ وَلَا دِبَارٍ

TA in the article قبل.

2

See also دَبْرٌ.

3

And see دُبَارٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَبَرِىٌّ , in two places. You say also, فُلَانٌ مَا يَدْرِى قِبَالَ الأَمْرِ مِنْ دِبَارِهِ Such a one does not know the first part of the affair from the last thereof. (TA.) And مَا يَعْرِفُ قِبَالًا : مِنْ دِبَارٍ : see دَبِيرٌ . And مَا أَنْتَ لَهُمْ فِى قِبَالٍ وَلَا دِبَارٍ Thou art not one for whom they care. (TA in art. قبل .) See also دَبْرٌ : and دُبَارٌ .
Nounدَبُورٌ2 senses

Core sense — the west wind, or a westerly wind, the worst of windsgenerated

1figurative · مجازhis west wind blew violently, and his Sirius set: meaning his bad fortune prevailed, and his good fortune departed—عَصَفَتْ دَبُورُهُ وَسَقَطَتْ عَبُورُهُ

Used both as a noun and as an adjective, and feminine, so that one says either رِيحُ الدَّبُورِ or رِيحٌ دَبُورٌ, and simply دَبُورٌ; but it is more commonly used as an adjective.

The west wind, or a westerly wind, the west being regarded as the hinder quarter: the wind opposite to the one called الصَّبَا, and القَبُولُ, blowing from the direction of the place of sunset.

Or the wind that comes from the direction behind the Kaʿbeh, going towards the place of sunrise — but IAth rejects this explanation; or the wind that comes from the quarter behind a person when he is standing at the qibleh; or, according to IAar, the wind that blows from the tract extending from the setting place of En-Nesr eṭ-Ṭāʼir [Aquila] to the rising place of Suheyl [Canopus]; or the wind that comes from the direction of the south, going towards the place of sunrise.

It is the worst of winds: it is said that it does not fecundate trees, nor raise clouds (Meyd); and in a tradition it is said that the tribe of ʿĀd was destroyed by it. It blows only in the hot season, and is very thirsty. Plural دُبُرٌ and دَبَائِرُ.

For دبور is the worst of winds, as said above, and Sirius sets at dawn at the beginning of winter, when provisions become scarce.

2

See دَبْرٌ, last sentence but two.

Show Lane's original text
, used as a subst. and as an epithet, [of the fem. gender,] so that one says either رِيحُ الدَّبُورِ or رِيحٌ دَبُورٌ and simply دَبُورٌ , but more commonly used as an epithet, (M,) [The west wind: or a westerly wind: the west being regarded as the hinder quarter:] the wind that is opposite to that called الصَّبَا (S, L, Msb, K) and القَبُولُ , (L,) blowing from the direction of the place of sunset: (L, Msb:) or the wind that comes from [the direction of] the back, or hinder part, of the Kaabeh, going towards the place of sunrise: (M:) but IAth rejects this explanation: (TA:) or the wind that comes from the quarter behind a person when he is standing at the kibleh: [but this is a most strange explanation:] or, accord. to IAar, the wind that blows from the tract extending from the place where En-Nesr et-Táïr [or Aquila] sets [i. e. about W. 10° N. in Central Arabia] to the place where Suheyl [or Canopus] rises [about S. 29° E. in Central Arabia]: (M:) or that comes from the direction of the south ( الجَنُوب ), going towards the place of sunrise: (Msb:) it is the worst of winds: it is said that it does not fecundate trees, nor raise clouds: (Meyd, TA:) and in a trad. it is said that the tribe of 'Ád was destroyed by it: (T, TA:) it blows only in the hot season, and is very thirsty: (TA voce نَكْبَآءُ :) pl. دُبُرٌ and دَبَائِرُ . (M.) [Hence the saying,] عَصَفَتْ دَبُورُهُ وَسَقَطَتْ عَبُورُهُ [lit. His west wind, or westerly wind, blew violently, and his Sirius set: meaning his evil fortune prevailed, and his good fortune departed: for the دبور is the worst of winds, as observed above, and Sirius sets aurorally in the beginning of winter, when provisions become scarce]. (A.) See also دَبْرٌ , last sentence but two.
Nounدَبِيرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a twist turned backward in spinning; the upper part of a camel's eargenerated

1figurative · مجاز[I turned the rope, or cord, forward, towards me, in twisting it one time, and turned it backward, away from me, another time]—قَبَلْتُ الحَبْلُ مَرَّةً وَ دَبَرْتُهُ أُخْرَى

A twist which a woman turns backward in twisting it; or what one turns backward from his chest [in rolling it against the front of his body]. (Yaakoob)

قَبِيلٌ means what one turns forward towards his chest. (Yaakoob)

Or the first is what the twister turns backward towards his knee [in rolling it against his thigh], and the second is what he turns forward towards his flank or waist.

TA in the article قبل.

Or دَبِيرٌ means the twisting of flax and wool, and قَبِيلٌ the twisting of cotton.

he knew, or distinguished, his obedience from his disobedience—عَرَفَ قَبِيلَهُ مِنْ دَبِيرِهِ
he knew his disobedience from his obedience—دَبِيرَهُ مِنْ قَبِيلِهِ
[such a one does not know the one from the other]—فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ قَبِيلًا مِنْ دَبِيرٍ
the same—قَبِيلَهُ من دَبِيرِهِ
he does not know the one from the other—مَا يَعْرِفُ قَبِيلًا مِنْ دَبِيرٍ
the same—قِبَالًا مِنْ دِبَارٍ

Aboo-ʿAmr Esh-Sheybānee.

That is, he does not know the ewe, or she-goat, that is termed مُقَابَلَة from the one that is termed مُدَابَرَة; or the one who advances towards him from the one who goes back from him; or his mother's parentage from his father's; or his father's from his mother's, as IDrd says in explaining the former phrase; or a قُبُل from a دُبُر, or a thing when advancing from a thing when going back. The plural of each is قُبُلٌ and دُبُرٌ.

According to El-Mufaḍḍal, دَبِيرٌ means an arrow's losing in a game of chance [such as المَيْسِر], and قَبِيلٌ its winning in it. See قَبِيلٌ in the article قبل.

1.1

Also the upper part of the ear of a camel, because it is the hinder part; the lower part is called the قَبِيل.

Show Lane's original text
A twist which a woman turns backward ( مَا أَدْبَرَتْ بِهِ ), in twisting it: (S, K:) or what one turns backward from his chest [in rolling it against the front of his body]: (Yaakoob, S, A, K:) and قَبِيلٌ signifies “ what one turns forward ( مَا أَقْبَلَ بِهِ ) towards his chest: ” (Yaakoob, S, A:) or the former, what the twister turns backward towards his knee [in rolling it against his thigh; against which, or against the front of the body, the spindle is commonly rolled, except when it is twirled only with the hand while hanging loosely]: and the latter, “ what he turns forward towards his flank or waist: ” (As, T:) [whence the saying,] قَبَلْتُ الحَبْلُ مَرَّةً وَ دَبَرْتُهُ أُخْرَى [I turned the rope, or cord, forward, or toward me, in twisting it, one time, and turned it backward, or from me, another time]: (TA in art. قبل :) or دَبِيرٌ signifies the twisting of flax and wool: and قَبِيلٌ , the “ twisting of cotton. ” (Lth, T.) One says, عَرَفَ قَبِيلَهُ مِنْ دَبِيرِهِ , meaning He knew, or distinguished, his obedience from his disobedience; (K,) TA;) or دَبِيرَهُ مِنْ قَبِيلِهِ his disobedience from his obedience. (Aboo-' Amr Esh-Sheybánee, IAar, T.) And فُلَانٌ مَا يَعْرِفُ قَبِيلًا مِنْ دَبِيرٍ (S, A) or قَبِيلَهُ من دَبِيرِهِ (TA) [Such a one knows not &c.]: or مَا يَعْرِفُ قَبِيلًا مِنْ دَبِيرٍ and قِبَالًا مِنْ دِبَارٍ he knows not the ewe, or she-goat, that is termed مُقَابَلَة from that which is termed مُدَابَرَة : or him who advances towards him from him who goes back from him: or the parentage of his mother from that of his father: (K in art. قبل :) or that of his father from that of his mother: so says IDrd in explaining the former phrase: or a قُبُل from a دُبُر : or a thing when advancing from a thing when going back: and the pls. of each are قُبُلٌ and دُبُرٌ . (TA in that art.) Accord. to El-Mufaddal, دَبِيرٌ signifies An arrow's losing in a game of chance [such as المَيْسِر ]; and قَبِيلٌ , its “ winning therein. ” (T, TA.) [See قَبِيلٌ , in art. قبل .] Also The upper [because it is the hinder] part of the ear of a camel: the lower part is called the قَبِيل . (TA in art. قبل .)
Nounدِبَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a small irrigation channel between tracts of sown landgenerated

1

See دَبْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَبْرٌ .
Nounدُبَيْرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a small swarm of hornets, or of beesgenerated

1

See دَبْرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَبْرٌ .
Nounدَابِرٌ7 senses · 1 main

Core sense — following behind; the last that remains of a peoplegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferredthe last that remains of a people or party; one who comes at the end of a people or party—دَابِرُ قَوْمٍ

Ism fāʿil of دَبَرَ: following behind the back; following the back; following in place, in time, and also in rank or station.

As also دَابِرَتُهُمْ, which likewise means those who remain after them.

one who comes after, or follows, another—دَابِرَةٌ

So in the TA; but according to the T دَابِرٌ, which I think the right reading.

the bucket is between one who advances with it to the well and one who goes back with it to the watering-trough—الدَّلْوُ بَيْنَ قَابِلٍ وَدَابِرٍ

جَعَلَهُ دَابِرَ أُذُنِهِ: see دَبْرٌ.

yesterday that is past—أَمْسِ الدَّابِرُ
yesterday that is past—المُدْبِرُ

The adjective is here a corroborative.

[They became like yesterday that is past]—صَارُوا كَأَمْسِ الدَّابِرِ
[Far distant is he, or it! He, or it, has gone as yesterday that is past has gone]—هَيْهَاتَ ذَهَبَ كَمَا ذَهَبَ أَمْسِ الدَّابِرُ
1.1an arrow that passes forth from the butt, or beyond it, and falls behind it—سَهْمٌ دَابِرٌ
the same—سِهَامٌ دَابِرَةٌ
the same—دَوَابِرُ
1.2

An arrow that does not win in the game called المَيْسِر; the opposite of قَابِلٌ.

1.3

The last arrow remaining in the quiver.

1.4may God cut off the last that remain of them—قَطَعَ ٱللّٰهُ دَابِرَهُمْ

The last of anything (Ibn-Buzurj); and so دَابِرَةٌ [see also دُبُرٌ]; and the root, stock, or race; synonymous with أَصْلٌ.

may God cut off the last of him, or of it; or may God root him out—قَطَعَ ٱللّٰهُ دَابِرَهُ
and the last of the people were rooted out—فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ القَوْمِ

In the Qurʼān [6:45].

all of them shall be cut off by it, not one remaining—يُقْطَعُ بِهِ دَابِرُهُمْ

In a tradition.

1.5

See دَبِرٌ, last sentence.

1.6

As an adjective applied to a camel: see غُدَّةٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences دَابِر
6:45
فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ ۚ وَٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ

Of the wrong-doers the last remnant was cut off. Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher of the worlds.

7:72
فَأَنجَيْنَـٰهُ وَٱلَّذِينَ مَعَهُۥ بِرَحْمَةٍ مِّنَّا وَقَطَعْنَا دَابِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا ۖ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ مُؤْمِنِينَ

We saved him and those who adhered to him. By Our mercy, and We cut off the roots of those who rejected Our signs and did not believe.

8:7
وَإِذْ يَعِدُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ إِحْدَى ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيْنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمْ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيْرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوْكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمْ وَيُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ ٱلْحَقَّ بِكَلِمَـٰتِهِۦ وَيَقْطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَ

Behold! Allah promised you one of the two (enemy) parties, that it should be yours: Ye wished that the one unarmed should be yours, but Allah willed to justify the Truth according to His words and to cut off the roots of the Unbelievers;-

15:66
وَقَضَيْنَآ إِلَيْهِ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلْأَمْرَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ مَقْطُوعٌ مُّصْبِحِينَ

And We made known this decree to him, that the last remnants of those (sinners) should be cut off by the morning.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
act. part. n. of دَبَرَ , Following (S, K, TA) behind the back; following the back; following, with respect to place, and also with respect to time, and also with respect to rank or station. (TA.) [Hence,] دَابِرُ قَوْمٍ The last that remains of a people or party; he who comes at the end of a people or party; as also دَابِرَتُهُمْ ; which likewise signifies those who remain after them: and دَابِرَةٌ [so in the TA, but accord. to the T دَابِرٌ , which I think the right reading,] signifies one who comes after; or follows, another. (TA.) And الدَّلْوُ بَيْنَ قَابِلٍ وَدَابِرٍ The bucket is between one who advances with it to the well and one who goes back, or returns, with it to the wateringtrough. (A.) And جَعَلَهُ دَابِرَ أُذُنِهِ : see دَبْرٌ . And أَمْسِ الدَّابِرُ and المُدْبِرُ Yesterday that is past: (S, M, K:) the epithet being here a corroborative. (S, * M.) You say, صَارُوا كَأَمْسِ الدَّابِرِ [They became like yesterday that is past]. (A.) And هَيْهَاتَ ذَهَبَ كَمَا ذَهَبَ أَمْسِ الدَّابِرُ [Far distant is he, or it! He, or it, hath gone like as hath gone yesterday that is past]. (S.) Also An arrow that passes forth from the butt, (S, Msb, K,) [or passes beyond it, (see 1,)] and falls behind it: (TA:) you say سَهْمٌ دَابِرٌ , and سِهَامٌ دَابِرَةٌ and دَوَابِرُ . (Msb.) An arrow that does not win [in the game called المَيْسِر ]; (K, TA;) contr. of قَابِلٌ . (S, TA.) The last arrow remaining in the quiver. (A.) The last of anything; (Ibn-Buzurj, T, M, K;) and so دَابِرَةٌ : (M:) [see also دُبُرٌ :] and (accord. to As and others, TA) the root, stock, race, or the like; syn. أَصْلٌ . (K.) One says, قَطَعَ ٱللّٰهُ دَابِرَهُمْ May God cut off the last that remain of them. (S.) And قَطَعَ ٱللّٰهُ دَابِرَهُ May God cut off the last of him, or it: (A:) or may God extirpate him. (As, T.) And in the Kur [vi. 45] it is said, فَقُطِعَ دَابِرُ القَوْمِ And the last of the people were extirpated. (M, TA.) And in a trad., يُقْطَعُ بِهِ دَابِرُهُمْ All of them shall be cut off thereby, not one remaining. (TA.) See also دَبِرٌ , last sentence. As an epithet applied to a camel: see غُدَّةٌ .
Nounدَابِرَةٌ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — the end of a sand-tract; the hinder part of a hoof; a bird's back toegenerated

1

See the preceding paragraph, in three places.

1.1figurative · مجاز

Also the end of a tract of sand: plural دَوَابِرُ.

1.2

Of a solid hoof: the hinder part; or the part that corresponds to the hinder part of the pastern; or the part next after the hinder part of the pastern. Plural as above.

1.3

Of a bird: the back toe, with which the hawk strikes; or a thing like a toe, on the inner side of the foot, with which the bird strikes. In a cock it is beneath his صِيصِيَة [or spur], and with it he treads. Plural as above.

1.4

See also دَبْرَةٌ.

1.5

Also a mode of شَغْزَبِيَّة [or throwing down by a trick] in wrestling.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph, in three places. Also The end of a tract of sand: (Esh-Sheybánee, S, A, * K:) pl. دَوَابِرُ . (A.) Of a solid hoof, The hinder part: (T, TA:) or the part that corresponds to the hinder part of the pastern: (S, K:) or the part that is next after the hinder part of the pastern: (M, TA:) pl. as above. (T, TA.) Of a bird, The back toe: it is with this that the hawk strikes: (M, TA:) or a thing like a toe, in the inner side of the foot, with which the bird strikes: (S:) that of a cook is beneath his صِيصِيَة [or spur]; and with it he treads: (M, TA:) pl. as above. (TA.) See also دَبْرَةٌ . Also A mode of شَغْزَبِيَّة [or throwing down by a trick] (S, K) in wrestling. (S.)
Nounأَدْبَرُ1 sense

Core sense — having the ear slit at the back, said of a ewe or she-goatgenerated

1

This word, and its feminine دَبْرَآهُ: see دَبِرٌ.

Show Lane's original text
; and its fem. دَبْرَآهُ : see دَبِرٌ .
Nounإِدْبَارٌ1 sense

Core sense — a going back, a turning of the back; declinegenerated

1

Originally the maṣdar of form 4: see the following paragraph, in two places.

Qur’ānic occurrences إِدْبَٰر
52:49
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَـٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ

And for part of the night also praise thou Him,- and at the retreat of the stars!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[originally inf. n. of 4]: see the next paragraph, in two places.
Nounإِدْبَارَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a slit in the ear, its strip twisted and turned backwardgenerated

1

A slit in the ear [of a ewe, she-goat, or she-camel]: once it is made, the pendulous strip is twisted and turned backward; if it is turned forward, it is called إِقْبَالَةٌ.

The hanging piece of skin of the ear is called إِدْبَارَةٌ when turned backward and إِقْبَالَةٌ when turned forward, as though it were a زَنَمَة; and, respectively, إِدْبَارٌ and إِقْبَالٌ, and دِبْرَةْ and قِبْلَةٌ.

The ewe or she-goat is called مُدَابَرَةٌ in the first case and مُقَابَلَةٌ in the second; and of yourself, when you have performed the operation in these two cases, you say دَابَرْتُهَا and قَابَلْتُهَا. The she-camel is called ذَاتُ إِدْبَارَة and ذَاتُ إِقْبَالَةٌ, and so is the ewe or she-goat; and the she-camel also ذَاتُ إِدْبَارٍ and ذَاتٌ إِقْبَالٍ.

Show Lane's original text
A slit in the ear [of a ewe or she-goat or she-camel], which being made, that thing [thus made, meaning the pendulous strip,] is twisted, and turned backward: if turned forward, it is termed إِقْبَالَةٌ : and the hanging piece of skin of the ear is termed إِدْبَارَةٌ [in the former case] and إِقْبَالَةٌ [in the latter case]; as though it were a زَنَمَة [q. v.]; (As, S, M, * K;) and, respectively, إِدْبَارٌ and إِقْبَالٌ , and دِبْرَةْ and قِبْلَةٌ . (TA in art. قبل .) The ewe or she-goat [to which this has been done] is termed مُدَابَرَةٌ [in the former case] and مُقَابَلَةٌ [in the latter]: and you say of yourself [when you have performed the operation, in these two cases respectively], دَابَرْتُهَا and قَابَلْتُهَا : and the she-camel is termed ذَاتُ إِدْبَارَة and ذَاتُ إِقْبَالَةٌ ; (As, S, K;) and so is the ewe or she-goat; (As, T;) and the she-camel, ذَاتُ إِدْبَارٍ and ذَاتٌ إِقْبَالٍ . (TA in art. قبل .)
Nounأُدَابِرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who breaks with his relatives and takes no advicegenerated

1

A man who cuts, or severs, the ties of his relationship; who separates himself from his relatives; like أُبَاتِرٌ. One who does not accept what anyone says, and pays no regard to anything; one who will not receive admonition. See أُخَايِلٌ.

AO mentions أُبَاتِرٌ along with it as having the first of these meanings.

Show Lane's original text
A man who cuts, or severs, the ties, or bonds, of his relationship; who disunites himself from his relations; (S, K;) like أُبَاتِرٌ : (S:) one who does not accept what any one says, (AO, [who mentions أُبَاتِرٌ therewith as having the former signification,] T, S, M, K,) nor regard anything: (AO, T, S, M:) one who will not receive admonition. (IKtt.) [See أُخَايِلٌ .]
Nounمُدْبِرٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — turning his back, going back, retreatinggenerated

1they have no one who goes forward and no one who goes back—مَا لَهُمْ مِنْ مُقْبِلٍ وَلَا مُدْبِرٍ
[Then you turned back, retreating]—ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُمْ مُدْبِرِينَ

Going, turning his back; turning back; and so on: see its verb, form 4.

In the phrase in the Qurʼān [9:25], the last word is a corroborative denotative of state, for with every تَوْلِيَة there is إِدْبَار. See also دَابِرٌ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredan aged she-camel whose goodness has gone—نَابٌ مُدْبِرٌ

So it is said to mean.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferreda land on which rain has fallen partially, not generally, or not universally—أَرْضٌ مدبرةٌ

Apparently مُدْبِرَةٌ.

TA in the article قبل. The explanation is given there as though applying also to ارض مقبلة, apparently مُقْبِلَةٌ; but I think that something has been left out, and that this latter phrase has the contrary meaning.

Qur’ānic occurrences مُدْبِر 3 shown of 8
21:57
وَتَٱللَّهِ لَأَكِيدَنَّ أَصْنَـٰمَكُم بَعْدَ أَن تُوَلُّوا۟ مُدْبِرِينَ

"And by Allah, I have a plan for your idols - after ye go away and turn your backs"..

27:80
إِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ وَلَا تُسْمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ ٱلدُّعَآءَ إِذَا وَلَّوْا۟ مُدْبِرِينَ

Truly thou canst not cause the dead to listen, nor canst thou cause the deaf to hear the call, (especially) when they turn back in retreat.

37:90
فَتَوَلَّوْا۟ عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ

So they turned away from him, and departed.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
[Going, turning his back; turning back; &c.: see its verb, 4]. You say, مَا لَهُمْ مِنْ مُقْبِلٍ وَلَا مُدْبِرٍ They have not one that goes forward nor one that goes back. (A.) In the phrase in the Kur [ix. 25], ثُمَّ وَلَّيْتُمْ مُدْبِرِينَ [Then ye turned back retreating], the last word is a corroborative denotative of state; for with every تَوْلِيَة is إِدْبَار . (M.) See also دَابِرٌ . نَابٌ مُدْبِرٌ is said to signify An aged she-camel whose goodness has gone. (TA.) أَرْضٌ مدبرةٌ [app. مُدْبِرَةٌ ] A land upon which rain has fallen partially, not generally, or not universally. (TA in art. قبل . [This explanation is there given as though applying also to ارض مقبلة , app. مُقْبِلَةٌ ; but I think that there is an omission, and that the latter phrase has the contr. meaning.])
Nounمَدْبَرَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a going back, a turning of the backgenerated

1

Same as إِدْبَارٌ [the maṣdar of form 4].

Qur’ānic occurrences إِدْبَٰر
52:49
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَـٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ

And for part of the night also praise thou Him,- and at the retreat of the stars!

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
i. q. إِدْبَارٌ [inf. n. of 4, q. v.]. (M.)
Nounمُدَبَّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — a slave made free after his owner's deathgenerated

1

A slave made to be free after his owner's death; one to whom his owner has said, “You are free after my death”; whose emancipation has been made to depend on his owner's death.

Show Lane's original text
A slave made to be free after his owner's death; (S;) to whom his owner has said, “ Thou art free after my death; ” whose emancipation has been made to depend upon his owner's death. (TA.)
Nounمُدَبِّرٌ1 sense

Core sense — one who manages, orders, or regulates affairsgenerated

1and those angels who are charged with the managing, conducting, ordering, or regulating of affairs—فَٱلْمَدَبِّرَاتِ أَمْرًا

In the Qurʼān [79:5], according to most of the commentators.

Widely and variously applied, meaning one who manages, conducts, orders, or regulates affairs of any kind, but generally affairs of importance.

Show Lane's original text
[is extensively and variously applied as meaning One who manages, conducts, orders, or regulates, affairs of any kind, but generally affairs of importance]. فَٱلْمَدَبِّرَاتِ أَمْرًا , in the Kur [lxxix. 5], signifies [accord. to most of the Expositors] And those angels who are charged with the managing, conducting, ordering, or regulating, of affairs. (TA. [See also Bd.])
Nounمَدْبُورٌ3 senses

Core sense — smitten by the west wind; wounded, or galled in the backgenerated

1

This word, and مَدْبُورُونَ: a man, and a people, smitten, or affected, by the westerly wind called الدَّبُور.

2

Also wounded; or galled in the back.

3

And possessing much property or wealth, or many camels or the like.

Show Lane's original text
, (TA,) and مَدْبُورُونَ , (S,) A man, (TA,) and people, (S,) smitten, or affected, by the [westerly] wind called الدَّبُور . (S, TA.) Also, the former, Wounded: (K:) or galled in the back. (TA.) And Possessing much property or wealth, or many camels or the like. (K.)
Nounمُدَابَرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — having the hinder part of the ear cut, said of a ewe or she-camelgenerated

1this is my neighbour in front of me—هٰذَا جَارِى مُقَابَلِى

Applied to a place of abode: the opposite of مُقَابَلٌ.

this is my neighbour behind me—مُدَابَرِى

TA in the article قبل.

1.1figurative · مجازa she-camel of generous race by sire and dam—نَاقَةٌ مُقَابَلَةٌ مُدَابَرَةٌ

مُدَابَرَةٌ applied to a ewe or she-goat: see إِدْبَارَةٌ. So applied, it means having a portion of the hinder part of her ear cut, and left hanging down, not separated; and also when it is separated. مُقَابَلَةٌ is applied in the same way to one having a portion of the fore part of the ear so cut.

such a one is of pure race, or of generous race, by both parents—فُلَانٌ مُقَابَلٌ وَ مُدَابَرٌ

Applied to a she-camel: having her ear slit in the part next the back of the neck; or having a piece cut off from that part of her ear; and applied in the same way to a ewe or she-goat. Also an ear cut, or slit, in the hinder part. It seems that a she-camel had her ear cut in this way if she was of generous race.

According to As, from الإِقْبَالَةُ and الإِدْبَارَةُ.

Show Lane's original text
applied to a place of abode, Contr. of مُقَابَلٌ . (M.) You say, هٰذَا جَارِى مُقَابَلِى and مُدَابَرِى [This is my neighbour in front of me and in rear of me]. (TA in art. قبل .) مُدَابَرَةٌ applied to a ewe or she-goat: see إِدْبَارَةٌ : so applied, Having a portion of the hinder part of her ear cut, and left hanging down, not separated: and also when it is separated: and مُقَابَلَةٌ is applied in like manner to one having a portion of the extremity [or fore part] of the ear so cut: (As, T:) and the former, applied to a she-camel, having her ear slit in the part next the back of the neck: or having a piece cut off from that part of her ear: and in like manner applied to a ewe or she-goat: also an ear cut, or slit, in the hinder part. (M.) [It seems that a she-camel had her ear thus cut if of generous race. And hence,] نَاقَةٌ مُقَابَلَةٌ مُدَابَرَةٌ A she-camel of generous race by sire and dam. (T, TA.) And فُلَانٌ مُقَابَلٌ وَ مُدَابَرٌ Such a one is of pure race, (S, K,) or of generous, or noble, race, (A,) by both parents: (S, A, K:) accord. to As, (S,) from الإِقْبَالَةُ and الإِدْبَارَةُ . (S, K.)
Nounمُدَابِرٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who turns away from his companion; one whose arrow does not wingenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Ism fāʿil of form 3: one who turns back, or away, from his companion; who avoids, or shuns, him.

1.1

Also a man whose arrow does not win in the game called المَيْسِر; or one who is overcome in the game called الميسر; or one who has been overcome time after time and comes back in order to win; or, according to A'Obeyd, the one who turns about, or shuffles, the arrows in the رِبَابَة in that game. See an example in a verse cited in the article خض.

Show Lane's original text
[act. part. n. of 3, q. v.:] One who turns back, or away, from his companion; who avoids, or shuns, him. (As.) Also A man whose arrow does not win [in the game called المَيْسِر ]: (S, K:) or one who is overcome in the game called الميسر : or one who has been overcome [therein] time after time, and returns in order that he may overcome: or, accord. to A'Obeyd, he who turns about, or shuffles, the arrows in the رِبَابَة in that game. (TA.) [See an ex. in a verse cited in art. خض .]
Nounفُلَانٌ مُسْتَدْبِرٌ المَجْدِ مُسْتَقْبِلُهُ1 sense

Core sense — noble in both his earlier and his later honourgenerated

1figurative · مجاز

Such a one is as though he had honour, dignity, or nobility behind him and before him; meaning that he is generous, or noble, in respect of both his first and his last acquisition of honour or dignity.

In the TA it is given without any vowel-points, and with مستقبل in the place of مُسْتَقْبِلُهُ.

Show Lane's original text
Such a one is [as though he had behind him and before him honour or dignity or nobility; meaning that he is] generous, or noble, in respect of his first and his last acquisition of honour or dignity. (TA. [But it is there without any syll. signs; and with مستقبل in the place of مُسْتَقْبِلُهُ .])