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دأب

Form 1 · Form 4  ·  7 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 6

Form 1دَأَبَ2 senses · 1 main
muḍāriʿـَيَفْعَلُدَأََmaṣdarدَأْبٌ

Core sense — he strove, laboured, and wearied himself; he held on, continuedgenerated

1.1figurative · مجازshe strove and wearied herself in the journeying—دَأَبَتْ

maṣdar دَأْبٌ, دَأَبٌ, and دُؤُوبٌ: he strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself, and wearied himself, in his work, or in a thing, and in a journey.

Said of a she-camel, or of a دَابَّة [or horse or the like].

[The night and the day hold on their course in their alternating]—اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ يَدْأَبَانِ فِى ٱعْتِقَابِهِمَا

on this sense Or: he held on, or continued, in his work and his way. See also Form 4.

Lane cites “Bd in viii. 54” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given
1.1.1the act of driving violently—دَأْبٌ
the act of driving violently—دُؤُوبٌ

Also the same as طَرْدٌ [the act of driving away, hunting, and the like].

Qur’ānic occurrences دَأَب
12:47
قَالَ تَزْرَعُونَ سَبْعَ سِنِينَ دَأَبًا فَمَا حَصَدتُّمْ فَذَرُوهُ فِى سُنۢبُلِهِۦٓ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِّمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ

(Joseph) said: "For seven years shall ye diligently sow as is your wont: and the harvests that ye reap, ye shall leave them in the ear,- except a little, of which ye shall eat.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (T, S, M, &c.,) aor. دَأََ , (T, M, A, K,) inf. n. دَأْبٌ (T, S, M, A, K) and دَأَبٌ (T, M, A, K) and دُؤُوبٌ , (T, S, M, A, K,) He strove, laboured, toiled, or exerted himself; (T, S, A, K;) and wearied himself, or became wearied; (S, A, K;) in his work, (S, A, K,) or in a thing, (T,) and in a journey or journeying; (T, A;) in which last case, دَأَبَتْ is said of a she-camel, (T,) or of a دَابَّة [or horse or the like]: (A:) or he held on, or continued, (M, and Bd in viii. 54,) in his work, and his way. (Bd ibid.) See also 4. Hence, اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ يَدْأَبَانِ فِى ٱعْتِقَابِهِمَا [The night and the day hold on their course in their alternating]. (A.) دَأْبٌ (K) and دُؤُوبٌ (TA) also signify The act of driving vehemently; and i. q. طَرْدٌ [the act of driving away, hunting, &c.]. (K, TA.)
Form 4ادأب2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarإِدْآبٌ

Core sense — he made him strive, toil, and weary himself; he made it hold on, continuegenerated

4.1he made him need to strive, or to hold on and continue—ادأبهُ

he made another, his hired man, or his beast, strive, labour, or exert himself; he fatigued or wearied another, his hired man, or his beast. Or: he made another, or anything, hold on, or continue.

The same as أَحْوَجَةُ إِلَى الدُّؤُوبِ.

أَدَبُوا is used by a rājiz, though not necessarily by poetic licence, for أَدْأَبُوا.

4.1.1[He pursued the journey with energy; or he held on, or continued, the journey]—ادأب السَّيْرَ

Mentioned in art. مسد and art. سأد.

In the same way one says دَأَبْنَا سَيْرَنَا [for فِى سَيْرِنَا, or perhaps فى has been omitted by inadvertence], mentioned in art. نحب.

Show Lane's original text
, (T, S, M, &c.,) inf. n. إِدْآبٌ , (T,) He made another, (S, A, K,) his hired man, and his beast, (A,) to strive, labour, toil, or exert himself; (S, A, K;) he fatigued, or wearied, (T, S, A, K,) another, (S, K,) his hired man, (A,) and his beast: (T, A:) or he made another, and anything, to hold on, of continue: and ادأبهُ also signifies أَحْوَجَةُ إِلَى الدُّؤُوبِ [he made him to be in need of striving, &c.; or of holding on, or continuing]: (M:) and أَدَبُوا is used by a rájiz, but not necessarily by poetic license, for أَدْأَبُوا . (IAar, M.) [Hence,] ادأب السَّيْرَ [He pursued the journey laboriously, or with energy; or he held on, or continued, the journey]: (S, M, L, K, in art. مسد ; and M and L in art. سأد :) and [in like manner] you say, دَأَبْنَا سَيْرَنَا [for فِى سَيْرِنَا , or perhaps فى is omitted by inadvertence]. (TA in art. نحب .)

Derived nouns 5

Nounدَأْبٌ1 sense

Core sense — a custom, habit, or wont; a case or condition; a deedgenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreda custom, manner, habit, or way of behaving; an affair, business, or concern; a case, state, or condition; a deed, or work—دَأَبٌ
this is your custom; your affair, business, or concern; your case, state, or condition; your deed, or work—هٰذَا دَأْبُكَ

Both were originally maṣdars of Form 1.

Zj says that كَدَأْبِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ [in the Kur 3:9 and elsewhere] means, according to the lexicologists, like the case of the people of Pharaoh; but in his opinion, like the striving and toiling of the people of Pharaoh in their unbelief, and their leaguing together and aiding one another against Moses.

Qur’ān 3:11 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur iii. 9”
Qur’ān 3:11 Lane quotes this verse
كَدَأْبِ ءَالِ فِرْعَوْنَ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ كَذَّبُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ

(Their plight will be) no better than that of the people of Pharaoh, and their predecessors: They denied our Signs, and Allah called them to account for their sins. For Allah is strict in punishment.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Show Lane's original text
(T, S, M, A, K) and دَأَبٌ (S, M, K) [both originally inf. ns. of 1: and hence,] A custom, manner, habit, or wont: (A'Obeyd, T, S, M, K:) an affair, a business, or a concern: (Zj, T, S, A, K:) and a case, state, or condition: (Zj, * T, * S, * M, A, * K: *) and a deed, or work. (A.) You say, هٰذَا دَأْبُكَ This is [thy custom, &c.:] thy affair, business, or concern: or thy case, state, or condition: and thy deed, or work. (A.) Zj says that كَدَأْبِ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ [in the Kur iii. 9 &c.] means, accord. to the lexicologists, Like the case of the people of Pharaoh: but in his opinion, like the striving, labouring, or toiling, of the people of Pharaoh in their unbelief, and their leaguing together and aiding one another against Moses. (T.)
Nounدَأَبَ1 sense

Core sense — a custom, habit, or wont; a case or condition; a deedgenerated

1

See the preceding entry.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph.
Nounدَئِبٌ1 sense

Core sense — striving, labouring, and wearying himself in his workgenerated

1

See دَائِبٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see دَائِبٌ .
Nounرَجُلٌ دَؤُوبٌ عَلَى شَىْءٍ1 sense

Core sense — a man who strives, or holds on, with energy, to do a thinggenerated

1

A man who strives, labours, toils, or exerts himself, and wearies himself, or who holds on, or continues, with energy, to do a thing.

Show Lane's original text
[A man who strives, labours, toils, or exerts himself, and wearies himself, or who holds on, or continues, with energy, to do a thing]. (M.)
Nounدَائِبٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — striving, labouring, wearying himself; holding on, continuinggenerated

1striving, labouring, toiling, or exerting himself, and wearying himself, in his work—دَئِبٌ

Or holding on, or continuing, in it: see the verb.

1.1[A hard, fatiguing, or continuous, night-journey]—لَيْلَةٌ دَائِبَةٌ

Mentioned in art. مرس.

1.2figurative · مجازthe night and the day—الدَّائِبَانِ

So called because they hold on their course in their alternating.

Show Lane's original text
(TA, and so in a copy of the S,) and دَئِبٌ (TA, and so in two copies of the S,) Striving, labouring, toiling, or exerting himself, and wearying himself, in his work [&c.: or holding on, or continuing, therein: see the verb]. (S, TA.) [Hence,] لَيْلَةٌ دَائِبَةٌ [A hard, fatiguing, or continuous, night-journey]. (M and K in art. مرس .) And الدَّائِبَانِ The night and the day; (S, A, K;) which [are so called because they] hold on their course ( يَدْأَبَانِ ) in their alternating. (TA.)