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خوف

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 3 · Form 4 · Form 5  ·  22 entries  ·  Qur'ānic frequency 124

Form 1خَافَ3 senses · 2 main
maṣdarخَوْفٌmuḍāriʿيَخَافُ يَخُوفُهُ

Core sense — he feared, he was afraid; he thought; he knewgenerated

1.1he feared; he was afraid, frightened, or terrified—فَزِعَ

Originally خَوِفَ; first person خِفْتُ, originally يَخْوَفُ; imperative خَفْ; maṣdar خَوْفٌ and خِيفٌ [originally خِوْفٌ], which is written in the K with fetḥ [to the خ] by mistake, though some say it is a simple substantive and not a maṣdar; and خِيفَةٌ, originally خِوْفَةٌ, which some also say is a simple substantive and not a maṣdar, so that its plural is خِيفٌ, written by mistake خِيَفٌ in some copies of the K — or this, like the one before it, may be a maṣdar, since a few maṣdars have plurals; and مَخَافَةٌ, originally مَخْوَفَةٌ, for which last a poet uses the first of these maṣdars, making it feminine.

he feared him, or it—خَافَهُ
he feared him, or it—تخوّفهُ
he feared him, or it—خَافَ مِنْهُ
he feared for him a thing—تخوّف عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا

It is also used transitively.

Both signify the same.

Or this may mean: he feared what might happen to him from him, or it.

That is, خَافَهُ, i. e. خَافَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا.

he feared him, or it, for his property—خَاَفَهُ عَلَى مَالِهِ
he feared him, or it, for his property—تخوّفهُ عَلَيْهِ
1.1.1he thought, or was of the opinion—ظَنَّ

In this sense the Arabs sometimes use it like a verb of swearing, giving it the same kind of complement, as in an example cited under دَرِدَ, in the article درد.

and if a woman knows that her husband is treating her badly, or is unkind, or estranged—وَإِنِ ٱمْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا

In the Qur'ān 4:127.

and he who knows that the testator is inclining to a wrong course, or turning away from the right one—فَمَنْ خَافَ مِنْ مُوصٍ جَنَفًا

In the Qur'ān 2:178; thus explained by Lh.

on this sense It also means: he knew.

1.2he exceeded him in fear—خَافَهُ

First person خُفْتُهُ.

he vied with him to see which of them would exceed the other in fear, and he exceeded him in fear—خَاوَفَهُ فَخَافَهُ

The maṣdar of the first of the two verbs here is مُخَاوَفَهُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1 3 shown of 76
55:46
وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِۦ جَنَّتَانِ

But for such as fear the time when they will stand before (the Judgment Seat of) their Lord, there will be two Gardens-

74:53
كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا يَخَافُونَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةَ

By no means! But they fear not the Hereafter,

91:15
وَلَا يَخَافُ عُقْبَـٰهَا

And for Him is no fear of its consequences.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally خَوِفَ , (Lth, L, &c.,) first pers. خِفْتُ , (TA,) aor. يَخَافُ , (S, K, &c.,) originally يَخْوَفُ , (L,) imperative خَفْ , (S,) inf. n. خَوْفٌ (S, Msb, K, &c.) and خِيفٌ , [originally خِوْفٌ ,] (Lh, TA,) erroneously written in the K with fet-h [to the خ ], but some say that this is a simple subst., not an inf. n., (TA,) and خِيفَةٌ , (Lh, S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally خِوْفَةٌ , (K,) but some say that this also is a simple subst., not an inf. n., (TA,) and [therefore] its pl. is خِيفٌ , (Lh, JK, S, and so in the CK,) in [some of] the copies of the K erroneously written خِيَفٌ , (TA,) or this [as well as the next preceding] may be an inf. n., for some few inf. ns. have pls., (ISd, TA,) and مَخَافَةٌ , (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally مَخْوَفَةٌ , for which last, the first of these inf. ns. is used by a poet, and therefore made fem., (TA,) He feared; he was afraid or frightened or terrified; syn. فَزِعَ . (K.) It is also trans.: (Msb:) you say, خَافَهُ and تخوّفهُ [He feared, or was afraid of, him, or it]; (Msb, TA;) both signifying the same: (TA:) [and so خَافَ مِنْهُ ; or this may mean he feared what might happen to him from him, or it:] and تخوّف عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا , meaning خَافَهُ [i. e. خَافَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا He feared for him a thing]: (S, K:) and خَاَفَهُ عَلَى مَالِهِ and تخوّفهُ عَلَيْهِ [He feared him, or it, for his property]. (Mgh.) [Hence,] it is also used in the sense of ظَنَّ [He thought, or opined]: and in this case, the Arabs sometimes use it in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, and give it the same kind of complement; as in an ex. cited voce دَرِدَ [q. v.]. (S in art. درد .) And He knew. (Lh, Kr, K.) Hence, وَإِنِ ٱمْرَأَةٌ خَافَتْ مِنْ بَعْلِهَا نُشُوزًا [And if a woman know that there is, on the part of her husband, injurious treatment, or unkindness, or estrangement], (K,) in the Kur [iv. 127]. (TA.) And hence also, فَمَنْ خَافَ مِنْ مُوصٍ جَنَفًا [And he who knoweth that there is, on the part of the testator, an inclining to a wrong course, or a declining from the right course, &c.], (K,) in the Kur [ii. 178]; thus explained by Lh. (TA.) خَافَهُ , (S,) first pers. خُفْتُهُ , (K,) aor. يَخُوفُهُ , (S,) He exceeded him in fear. (S, K. *) You say, خَاوَفَهُ فَخَافَهُ , (S,) inf. n. of the former مُخَاوَفَهُ , (TA,) i. e. [He vied with him to see which of them would exceed the other in fear, and] he exceeded him in fear. (S.)
Form 2خوّفهُ4 senses · 2 main
maṣdarتَخْوِيفٌ

Core sense — he put fear into him; he made him feared; he diminished itgenerated

2.1he put fear into him—أَخَافَهُ

the verb means the same as this word, which see, in two places.

make the Qur'ān and the Traditions beautiful to us, so that we may fear—خَوِّفْنَا

Apparently addressed to God; mentioned by Lh with this meaning.

2.1.1he causes his friends to be feared by you—إِنَّمَا ذٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَانُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَآءَهُ

In the Qur'ān 3:169: [That is the devil:] he causes his friends to be feared by you; or, that devil causes it. Or, as Th says: he causes you to fear by means of his friends.

He made him such that people feared him; he made him to be feared by people.

2.2he diminished it, or took from it—خوّف مِنْهُ

The verb of this article has the same meaning. [See also form 5.]

2.2.1he sent away his sheep, or goats, flock by flock—خوّف غَنَبَهُ
Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2
3:175
إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمْ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

It is only the Evil One that suggests to you the fear of his votaries: Be ye not afraid of them, but fear Me, if ye have Faith.

17:60
وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لَكَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ أَحَاطَ بِٱلنَّاسِ ۚ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا ٱلرُّءْيَا ٱلَّتِىٓ أَرَيْنَـٰكَ إِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَٱلشَّجَرَةَ ٱلْمَلْعُونَةَ فِى ٱلْقُرْءَانِ ۚ وَنُخَوِّفُهُمْ فَمَا يَزِيدُهُمْ إِلَّا طُغْيَـٰنًا كَبِيرًا

Behold! We told thee that thy Lord doth encompass mankind round about: We granted the vision which We showed thee, but as a trial for men,- as also the Cursed Tree (mentioned) in the Qur'an: We put terror (and warning) into them, but it only increases their inordinate transgression!

39:16
لَهُم مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦ عِبَادَهُۥ ۚ يَـٰعِبَادِ فَٱتَّقُونِ

They shall have Layers of Fire above them, and Layers (of Fire) below them: with this doth Allah warn off his servants: "O My Servants! then fear ye Me!"

39:36
أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَهُۥ ۖ وَيُخَوِّفُونَكَ بِٱلَّذِينَ مِن دُونِهِۦ ۚ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِنْ هَادٍ

Is not Allah enough for his Servant? But they try to frighten thee with other (gods) besides Him! for such as Allah leaves to stray, there can be no guide.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

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, (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَخْوِيفٌ , (TA,) i. q. أَخَافَهُ . (Msb, K.) See the latter, in two places. He put fear into him. (JK, TA.) خَوِّفْنَا [app. addressed to God] is mentioned by Lh as meaning Render the Kur-án and the Traditions beautiful to us in order that we may [give heed thereto and] fear. (TA.) He made him to be in such a state, or condition, that men feared him; (JK, K;) he made him to be feared by men. (M.) Hence, in the Kur [iii. 169], إِنَّمَا ذٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيْطَانُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوْلِيَآءَهُ , i. e. [Verily that is the devil:] he causeth his friends to be feared by you: [or that devil causeth &c.:] or, as Th says, causeth you to fear by his friends. (TA.) He diminished it, lessened it, or took from it; and so خوّف مِنْهُ . (TA.) [See also 5.] خوّف غَنَبَهُ He sent away his sheep, or goats, flock by flock. (TA.)
Form 3خَاْوَفَ1 sense

Core sense — he vied with him in fearing, and exceeded him in feargenerated

3.1

See form 1, last sentence.

Show Lane's original text
see 1, last sentence.
Form 4اخافهُ2 senses · 1 main
maṣdarإِخَافَةٌ

Core sense — he caused him to fear, he frightened himgenerated

4.1he caused him to fear, he frightened him—خوّفهُ

He, or it — an affair, a case, or an event — caused him to fear, put him in fear, frightened him. Maṣdar إِخَافَةٌ and إِخَافٌ, like كِتَابٌ, though the latter is irregular and rare.

Maṣdar تَخْوِيفٌ; it has the same meaning.

the enemies' frontier caused fear; it was insecure—اخاف الثَّغْرُ
the wall leaned, and caused the people to fear—مَالَ الحَائِطُ فَأَخَافَ النَّاسَ
the robbers caused the people of the road to fear—أَخَافَ اللُّصُوصُ الطَّرِيقَ

Or: fear entered from it.

[For أَخَافَ اللُّصُوصُ أَهْلَ الطَّرِيقِ]; or it may be rendered: the robbers made the road insecure.

I caused him to fear the thing, or affair, and he feared it—أَخَفْتُهُ الأَمْرَ فَخَافَهُ

This makes the verb doubly transitive; also خَوَّفْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَتَخَوَّفَهُ.

make the venomous reptiles and the like fear before they make you fear—أَخِيفُوا الهَوَامَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُخِيفَكُمْ

Said in a tradition; that is, kill them before they kill you.

4.1.1how greatly I fear for you!—مَا أَخْوَفَنِى عَلَيْكَ
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, (Msb, K,) inf. n. إِخَافَةٌ (S) and إِخَافٌ , like كِتَابٌ , (Lh, TA,) [but the latter is irreg. and rare,] He, or it, (an affair, a case, or an event, Msb,) caused him, or made him, to fear, or be afraid; put him in fear; frightened, or terrified, him; (TA;) and خوّفهُ , (Msb, K,) inf. n. تَخْوِيفٌ , (S, TA,) signifies the same. (S, Msb, K.) So in the phrase اخاف الثَّغْرُ [The enemies' frontier caused to fear, &c.; was insecure:] or fear entered from it. (TA.) You say also, مَالَ الحَائِطُ فَأَخَافَ النَّاسَ [The wall leaned, and caused the people to fear]. (Msb.) And أَخَافَ اللُّصُوصُ الطَّرِيقَ [for أَخَافَ اللُّصُوصُ أَهْلَ الطَّرِيقِ The robbers caused the people of the road, or the passengers thereof, to fear, &c.; or it may be rendered the robbers caused the road to be insecure]. (Msb.) And أَخَفْتُهُ الأَمْرَ فَخَافَهُ [I caused him to fear the thing, or affair, &c., and he feared it; making the verb doubly trans.]; as also خَوَّفْتُهُ إِيَّاهُ فَتَخَوَّفَهُ . (Msb.) It is said in a trad., أَخِيفُوا الهَوَامَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُخِيفَكُمْ Make ye the venomous reptiles and the like to fear before they make you to fear; (TA;) i. e. kill ye them before they kill you. (JM, TA.) مَا أَخْوَفَنِى عَلَيْكَ [How greatly do I fear for thee!]. (TA.)
Form 5تخوّفهُ2 senses

Core sense — he took from it little by little, from its sides or extremitiesgenerated

5.1

See form 1, in three places.

5.2figurative · مجازhe took from it little by little, or from its sides—تحوّفهُ

So in the S and the K, in the articles حوف and حيف. Or: he took from its extremities; so in the A, where the usage is said to be figurative. According to IF it is originally [تخوّن] with ن [in the place of the ف].

Dhu-r-Rummeh says — or not he, but some other poet, for the verse is ascribed to several different authors:

shāhid
تَخَوَّفَ الرَّحْلُ مِنْهَا تَامِكًا قَرِدًاكَمَا تَخَوَّفَ ظَهْرَ النَّبْعَةِ السَّفَنُ

[Her saddle wore away a long, high, compact hump, as the piece of skin used for smoothing arrows wears away the back of a rod of the tree called نبعة].

[See also form 5 in the article حوف, where another reading of this verse is given. In the TA, in the present article, in the places of الرحل and ظهر I find السَّيْرُ and عُود.]

or are they secure from his destroying them by causing them loss little by little—أَوْيَأَخَذِهِمْ عَلَى تَخَوُّفٍ
he took from my property little by little—تخوّف مِنْ مَالِى
the year of drought, or sterility, took from us little by little—تَخَوَّفَنَا السَّنَةُ
he diminished my right, or due, little by little—تَخَوّفَنِى حَقِّى
his stupidity deprived him of his right, or due—تَخَوَّفَهُ حمْقُهُ

According to Fr this is from the present sense; in the Qur'ān 16:49. Az explains it as loss little by little in their bodies, their possessions or cattle, and their fruits. Or, according to Zj, it may mean: after causing them to fear, by destroying one town so that the town next to it fears.

Explained as the same as اهْضَمَهُ, which is clearly a mistranscription for اِهْتَضَمَهُ or هَضَمَهُ.

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: see 1, in three places. Also He took by little and little (S, L, K) from it, (S, K,) or from its sides; (L;) as also تحوّفهُ : (S and K * in arts. حوف and حيف :) or he took from its extremities; so in the A; in which it is said to be tropical: accord. to IF, it is originally [ تخوّن ,] with ن [in the place of the ف ]. (TA.) Dhu-rRummeh says, (S,) or not he, but some other poet, for it is ascribed to several different authors, (L,) 1 [Her saddle abraded from a long and high, compact hump, like as when the piece of skin used for smoothing arrows has abraded from the back of a rod of the tree called نبعة ]. (S. [See also 5 in art. حوف , where another reading of this verse is given. In the TA, in the present art., in the places of الرحل and ظهر , I find السَّيْرُ and عُود .]) Hence, (S, K,) accord. to Fr, (TA,) أَوْيَأَخَذِهِمْ عَلَى تَخَوُّفٍ , (S, K,) in the Kur [xvi. 49], (S,) which Az explains as meaning [Or are they secure from his destroying them] by causing them to suffer loss [by little and little] in their bodies and their possessions, or cattle, and their fruits: or, accord. to Zj, it may mean, after causing them to fear, by destroying a town, so that the one next to it shall fear. (TA.) You say also, تخوّف مِنْ مَالِى He took by little and little from my property. (JK.) And تَخَوَّفَنَا السَّنَةُ [The year of drought, or sterility, took from us by little and little]. (JK.) And تَخَوّفَنِى حَقِّى [He diminished to me by little and little my right, or due]. (JK.) And تَخَوَّفَهُ حمْقُهُ i. q. اهْضَمَهُ [an evident mistranscription for اِهْتَضَمَهُ or هَضَمَهُ , meaning His stupidity deprived him of his right, or due]. (TA.) تَخَوَّفَ الرَّحْلُ مِنْهَا تَامِكًا قَرِدًا | كَمَا تَخَوَّفَ ظَهْرَ النَّبْعَةِ السَّفَنُ

Derived nouns 17

Nounخَافٌ1 sense

Core sense — a man who is very fearful, or timorousgenerated

1a man who is very fearful, or timorous—خَوَّافٌ

This is the form used in the present day; the first of the two is originally of the measure فَعِلٌ, like فَرِقٌ and فَزِعٌ, and similar to صَاتٌ, meaning a man having a strong, or loud, voice. Or it means the same as خَائِفٌ.

According to Kh it may be [originally خَاوِفٌ] of the measure فَاعِلٌ, with the middle radical dropped, or [خَوْفٌ] of the measure فَعْلٌ; in either case the diminutive is [خُوَيْفٌ] with و, so says Sb.

Show Lane's original text
A man very fearful or timorous; (S, K;) [and so, in the present day, خَوَّافٌ ; the former originally] of the measure فَعِلٌ , like فَرِقٌ and فَزِعٌ ; and similar to صَاتٌ , meaning a man “ having a strong, or loud, voice: ” (S:) or i. q. خَائِفٌ : (TA:) accord. to Kh, it may be [originally خَاوِفٌ ,] of the measure فَاعِلٌ , having the medial radical rejected; or [ خَوْفٌ ,] of the measure فَعْلٌ ; and in either case, the dim. is [ خُوَيْفٌ ,] with و : so says Sb. (TA.)
Nounخَوْفٌ5 senses · 3 main

Core sense — fear; slaughter; fightinggenerated

1

Maṣdar of form 1.

1.1and we will certainly try you with something of slaughter—وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَىْءٍ مِنَ ٱلْخَوْفِ

It also means slaughter; hence this passage, in the Qur'ān 2:150. [See also sense 4.]

1.2but when fighting comes—فَإِذَا جَآءَ الخَوْفُ

It also means fighting; hence this passage, in the Qur'ān 33:19.

Qur’ān 33:20 approximate — somewhere between 33:1 and 33:49 Lane cites “Kur xxxiii. 19”
Qur’ān 33:19 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
أَشِحَّةً عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ فَإِذَا جَآءَ ٱلْخَوْفُ رَأَيْتَهُمْ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَيْكَ تَدُورُ أَعْيُنُهُمْ كَٱلَّذِى يُغْشَىٰ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ ٱلْمَوْتِ ۖ فَإِذَا ذَهَبَ ٱلْخَوْفُ سَلَقُوكُم بِأَلْسِنَةٍ حِدَادٍ أَشِحَّةً عَلَى ٱلْخَيْرِ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ لَمْ يُؤْمِنُوا۟ فَأَحْبَطَ ٱللَّهُ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ ۚ وَكَانَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ يَسِيرًا

Covetous over you. Then when fear comes, thou wilt see them looking to thee, their eyes revolving, like (those of) one over whom hovers death: but when the fear is past, they will smite you with sharp tongues, covetous of goods. Such men have no faith, and so Allah has made their deeds of none effect: and that is easy for Allah.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2

See also خَائِفٌ.

3

Also: a red hide from which strips like thongs are cut, on which are then put [ornaments of the kind called] شَذْر, worn by a girl.

A dialectal variant of حَوْفٌ, but that form is preferable.

Show Lane's original text
inf. n. of 1. (S, Msb, K, &c.) Also Slaughter: whence, وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَىْءٍ مِنَ ٱلْخَوْفِ [And we will assuredly try you with somewhat of slaughter]; (Lh, K;) in the Kur [ii. 150]. (TA.) [See also 4.] And Fighting: whence, فَإِذَا جَآءَ الخَوْفُ [But when fighting cometh; in the Kur xxxiii. 19]. (K.) See also خَائِفٌ . Also A red hide from which are cut strips like thongs, (Kr, K, TA,) and then upon these are put [ornaments of the kind termed] شَذْر ; worn by a girl: (TA:) a dial. var. of حَوْفٌ [q. v.]: (K:) but this latter is preferable. (L, TA.)
Nounخِيفٌ1 sense

Core sense — fear, frightgenerated

1

See form 1, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1, first sentence.
Nounخَافَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a leather coat or pouch worn by a honey-collector; a leather basketgenerated

1a coat of hide, or leather, which the collector of honey wears, and which is also worn by the water-carrier—جُبَّة

Or: a fur garment, or a hide with the fur or wool still on it, worn by one who enters the places occupied by bees, so that they may not sting him.

Or: a pouch of the kind called خَرِيطَة, of hide, or leather, narrow in the upper part and wide in the lower part, in which honey is collected.

Or: a round piece of leather with a running string by which it can be turned into a bag, of the kind called سُفْرَة, like the خَرِيطَة, made, or sewed, small [for مُصْعَدَةٌ or مُصَعَّدَةٌ, which I find in different copies of the K and to which no suitable meaning can be assigned, I read مُصْغَرَةٌ or مُصَغَّرَةٌ (see form 2 in the article صغر, and particularly أَصْغَرَ القِرْبَةَ)], with its head, or border, raised, for honey; so says Skr, in explaining the verse that follows.

Or, as IB says, on the authority of Aboo-'Alee, it is from the phrase النَّاسُ أَخْيَافٌ meaning "people are different, one from another", since it is a خَرِيطَة of hide, or leather, decorated with different kinds of decoration; and if so it should be mentioned in the article خيف.

[But] the diminutive is خُوَيْفَةٌ.

Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, describing a collector of wild honey:

shāhid
تَأَبَّطَ خَافَةً فِيهَا مِسَابٌفَأَصْبَحَ يَقْتَرِى مَشَدًا بِشِيقِ

[He put beneath his armpit a خافة in which was a receptacle for honey, and set about making one attempt after another to reach the hardest part of a mountain by means of a rope, or a rope of palm-fibre].

He means شِيقًا بِمَسَدٍ, the phrase being inverted; so in the S and in the article شيق. Or he means: taking one hold after another of a rope tied to a شيق, here best rendered a mountain-top, in his descent to the place of the honey, so that there is no inversion.

1.1a kind of basket, or receptacle, of hide, or leather; the thing in which fruits are gathered—عَيْبَةٌ

Also called مِخْرَفٌ.

1.2the envelope of the grain of seed-produce—خَافَةُ الزَّرْعِ

So called because it protects the grain. In a tradition the believer is likened to it, as some relate it; but the reading commonly known is [خَامَة] with م. [See خامة in the article خيم.]

Show Lane's original text
A [coat of the kind called] جُبَّة , of hide, or leather, which the collector of honey wears; (Akh, JK, K;) and also worn by the water-carrier: (JK:) or a fur-garment, or hide with the fur or wool on it, worn by him who enters into the places occupied by bees, in order that they may not sting him: (TA:) or a [pouch of the kind termed] خَرِيطَة , (S, K,) of hide, or leather, (S,) narrow in the upper part and wide in the lower part, (TA,) in which honey is collected: (S, K:) or a [round piece of leather with a running string by means of which it may be converted into a bag, such as is termed] سُفْرَة , like the خَرِيطَة , made, or sewed, small, [for مُصْعَدَةٌ or مُصَعَّدَةٌ , which I find in different copies of the K, and to which no appropriate meaning is assignable, I read مُصْغَرَةٌ or مُصَغَّرَةٌ , (see 2 in art. صغر , and particularly أَصْغَرَ القِرْبَةَ ,)] having its head [or border] raised, for honey; (K;) so says Skr, in explaining the following verse: or, as IB says, accord. to Aboo-'Alee, it is from the phrase النَّاسُ أَخْيَافٌ , meaning “ men, ” or “ the people, ” “ are different, one from another; ” for it is a خَرِيطَة of hide, or leather, embellished with different kinds of embellishment; and if so it should be mentioned in art. خيف : (TA:) [but] the dim. is خُوَيْفَةٌ . (JK.) Aboo-Dhu-eyb says, [describing a collector of wild honey,] 1 (S,) [He put beneath his armpit a خافة in which was a receptacle for honey, and betook himself to making successive endeavours to reach the most difficult part of a mountain by means of a rope, or rope of palm-fibres; for] he means شِيقًا بِمَسَدٍ ; the phrase being inverted: (S and TA in art. شيق :) or he means, [betook himself to] taking successive holds of a rope ( يَتَتَبَّعُ حَبْلًا ) tied to a شيق [here best rendered mountain-top] in his descent to the place of the honey; so that there is no inversion. (TA in that art.) تَأَبَّطَ خَافَةً فِيهَا مِسَابٌ | فَأَصْبَحَ يَقْتَرِى مَشَدًا بِشِيقِ Also i. q. عَيْبَةٌ [A kind of basket, or receptacle, of hide, or leather]; (TA;) the thing in which fruits are gathered; also called مِخْرَفٌ . (Har p. 374.) And خَافَةُ الزَّرْعِ is said to mean The envelope of the grain of seed-produce; so called because it protects it: to this the believer is likened in a trad. [as some relate it]; but the reading [commonly known] is [ خَامَة ,] with م . (TA.) [See خامة , in art. خيم .]
Nounخِيفَةٌ3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — fear, frightgenerated

1

Plural خِيفٌ. See form 1, first sentence.

1.1

[Sometimes it may mean, in agreement with analogy, a kind of fear.]

2

See also the article خيف.

Qur’ānic occurrences خِيفَة 3 shown of 6
7:205
وَٱذْكُر رَّبَّكَ فِى نَفْسِكَ تَضَرُّعًا وَخِيفَةً وَدُونَ ٱلْجَهْرِ مِنَ ٱلْقَوْلِ بِٱلْغُدُوِّ وَٱلْـَٔاصَالِ وَلَا تَكُن مِّنَ ٱلْغَـٰفِلِينَ

And do thou (O reader!) Bring thy Lord to remembrance in thy (very) soul, with humility and in reverence, without loudness in words, in the mornings and evenings; and be not thou of those who are unheedful.

20:67
فَأَوْجَسَ فِى نَفْسِهِۦ خِيفَةً مُّوسَىٰ

So Moses conceived in his mind a (sort of) fear.

51:28
فَأَوْجَسَ مِنْهُمْ خِيفَةً ۖ قَالُوا۟ لَا تَخَفْ ۖ وَبَشَّرُوهُ بِغُلَـٰمٍ عَلِيمٍ

(When they did not eat), He conceived a fear of them. They said, "Fear not," and they gave him glad tidings of a son endowed with knowledge.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
; pl. خِيفٌ : see 1, first sentence. [Sometimes it may mean, agreeably with analogy, A kind of fear.] See also art. خيف .
Nounخَوَافٌ1 sense

Core sense — clamour, or a confused noise, of a company of mengenerated

1

Vociferation, clamour, or a confused noise, of a company of men.

Show Lane's original text
Vociferation, clamour, or a confused noise, of a company of men. (JK, Sgh, K.)
Nounخُوَيْفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a rather fearful, or timorous, mangenerated

1

See خَافٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see خَافٌ .
Nounخُوَيْفَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a rather fearful, or timorous, persongenerated

1

See خَافَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see خَافَةٌ .
Nounخَوَّافٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — one who fears much; a certain black birdgenerated

1

See خَافٌ.

1.1

[Perhaps from this:] a certain black bird. ISd says: I do not know why it is called this.

Show Lane's original text
: see خَافٌ . [Hence, perhaps,] A certain black bird: ISd says, I know not why it is thus called. (TA.)
Nounخَائِفٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — fearing, afraid, frightenedgenerated

1worship Him, fearing his punishment and eagerly desiring his reward—خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا

Fearing; being afraid, frightened, or terrified.

Plural خُوَّفٌ and خُيَّفٌ, or خِيَّفٌ; or, according to Ks, خُيَّفٌ and خِيفٌ and خُوفٌ [but the second and third of these three should be خِيَّفٌ and خُوَّفٌ, since all are said to be of the measure فُعَّلٌ], and خَوْفٌ, or this last is an ism jamʿ.

In the Qur'ān 7:54.

See also خَافٌ.

1.1

And see مَخُوفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
Fearing; being afraid or frightened or terrified: (S, * TA:) pl. خُوَّفٌ (S, K) and خُيَّفٌ , (S,) or خِيَّفٌ , (K,) or, accord. to Ks, خُيَّفٌ and خِيفٌ and خُوفٌ , (L,) [but the second and third of these three should be خِيَّفٌ and خُوَّفٌ , for all are said to be of the measure فُعَّلٌ ,] and خَوْفٌ ; or this last is a quasi-pl. n.; (K;) whence, in the Kur [vii. 54], خَوْفًا وَطَمَعًا , meaning Worship ye Him fearing his punishment and eagerly desiring his recompense. (TA.) See also خَافٌ . And see مَخُوفٌ .
Nounطَرِيقٌ مُخَافٌ1 sense

Core sense — a road whose travellers are made to fear, by robbersgenerated

1

[For مُخَافٌ أَهْلُهُ: a road whose people, or travellers, are made to fear, by robbers.]

[See also what follows.]

Show Lane's original text
[for مُخَافٌ أَهْلُهُ , A road of which the people, or passengers, are caused to fear, by robbers]. (Msb.) [See also what next follows.])
Nounطَرِيقُ مَخُوفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a road that is feared, or in which people feargenerated

1an enemies' frontier that is feared, or from which one fears, or from the direction of which fear comes—مَخِيفٌ ثَغْرٌ

A road in which people fear, or a road that is feared; also مَخِيفٌ and خَائِفٌ.

The last of these is figurative, of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ; or, applied like this, it [is a possessive adjective and so] means having fear. [See also مُخَافٌ.]

You should not say طَرِيقٌ مُخِيفٌ, because the road does not cause fear; only the one who robs and kills on it does.

an enemies' frontier that is feared, or from which one fears—مُتَخَوَّفٌ
a thing that is feared—مَخُوفٌ
a wall whose falling is feared—حَائِطٌ مَخُوفٌ

Of any kind: a lion, a serpent, fire, and the like.

[See also مُخِيفٌ.]

a pain that is feared—وَجَعٌ مَخُوفٌ

[See again مُخِيفٌ.]

an affair, or event, that is feared—أَمْرٌ مَخُوفٌ

[See again مُخِيفٌ.]

a transgressor who is feared for his property, that he will consume it and spend it in what is not right—فَاسِقٌ مَخُوفٌ عَلَى مَالِهِ
Show Lane's original text
A road in which people fear: (S, * Msb, K:) or a road that is feared; (JK, TA;) as also مَخِيفٌ , and خَائِفٌ ; which last is tropical, of the measure فَاعِلٌ in the sense of the measure مَفْعُولٌ ; (TA;) or, thus applied, this last [is a possessive epithet, and thus] means having fear: (JK: [see also مُخَافٌ :]) you should not say طَرِيقٌ مُخِيفٌ , because the road does not cause fear, but only he who robs and slays therein. (S, * K, * TA.) One says also مَخِيفٌ ثَغْرٌ and مُتَخَوَّفٌ An enemies' frontier [that is feared, or] from which one fears, or from the direction of which fear comes. (TA.) مَخُوفٌ signifies A thing [of any kind] that is feared; as a lion, and a serpent, and fire, and the like. (Har p. 369.) [Hence,] حَائِطٌ مَخُوفٌ A wall of which the falling is feared. (Lh, Msb, TA. [See also مُخِيفٌ .]) And وَجَعٌ مَخُوفٌ [A pain that is feared]. (TA. [See, again, مُخِيفٌ .]) And أَمْرٌ مَخُوفٌ [An affair, or event, that is feared]. (Mgh, Msb. [See, again, مُخِيفٌ .]) And فَاسِقٌ مَخُوفٌ عَلَى مَالِهِ A transgressor who is feared for his property, that he will consume it, and expend it in that which is not right. (Mgh.)
Nounمَخِيفٌ1 sense

Core sense — feared; causing feargenerated

1

See the preceding entry, in two places, and see also what follows.

Show Lane's original text
: see the next preceding paragraph, in two places: and see also what next follows.
Nounحَائِطٌ مُخِيفٌ1 sense

Core sense — a wall that causes one to fear it will fallgenerated

1a pain that causes the one who sees it to fear—وَجَعٌ مُخِيفٌ

A wall that causes one to fear that it will fall; in the CK مَخِيفٌ. [See also مَخُوفٌ.]

[See again مَخُوفٌ.]

an affair, or event, that is formidable; that causes the one who sees it to fear—أَمْرٌ مُخِيفٌ

[See again مَخُوفٌ.]

the lion, which frightens the one who sees him—المُخِيفُ

See also مَخُوفٌ, first sentence.

Show Lane's original text
(Msb, K, in the CK مَخِيفٌ ,) A wall that causes one to fear that it will fall. (Msb, K. * [See also مَخُوفٌ .]) And وَجَعٌ مُخِيفٌ (S, K) A pain that causes him who sees it to fear. (S. [See, again, مَخُوفٌ .]) And أَمْرٌ مُخِيفٌ An affair, or event, that is formidable; that causes him who sees it to fear. (Msb. [See, again, مَخُوفٌ .]) And المُخِيفُ means The lion, (K, TA,) that frightens him who sees him. (TA.) See also مَخُوفٌ , first sentence.
Nounأَخْوَفٌ1 sense

Core sense — more, or most, formidable, or fearedgenerated

1the most formidable of what I fear for you is such a thing—أَخْوَفُ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ كَذَا

More, and most, formidable, fearful, or feared: irregular, like its synonym أَخْشَى, being from the passive verb.

Show Lane's original text
[More, and most, formidable, fearful, or feared: anomalous, like its syn. أَخْشَى , being from the pass. verb. Hence,] أَخْوَفُ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ كَذَا [The most formidable, or fearful, of what I fear for you is such a thing]. (Mgh, * TA.)
Nounمَخَافَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — fear; a cause of fear; a place of feargenerated

1

A maṣdar of form 1, originally مَخْوَفَةٌ.

1.1the first of his letters consisted of the causes of fear—أَوَّلُ كُتُبِهِ المَخَاوِفُ

[Also: a cause of fear; a word of the same class as مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ and the like: plural مَخَاوِفُ.]

1.2places of fear—مَخَاوِفُ
Show Lane's original text
an inf. n. of 1, (S, Msb, K, &c.,) originally مَخْوَفَةٌ . (TA.) [Also A cause of fear: a word of the same category as مَجْبَنَةٌ and مَبْخَلَةٌ &c.: pl. مَخَاوِفُ . Hence,] أَوَّلُ كُتُبِهِ المَخَاوِفُ [The first of his letters, or epistles, consisted of the causes of fear]. (TA.) And مَخَاوِفُ also signifies Places of fear. (KL.)
Nounمُتَخَوَّفٌ1 sense

Core sense — feared, that people feargenerated

1

See مَخُوفٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see مَخُوفٌ .