خف

Form 1 · Form 2 · Form 4 · Form 5 · Form 6 · Form 10 · 14 entries · Qur'ānic frequency 17

Form 1خَفَّ14 senses · 1 main

muḍāriʿـِيَفْعِلُmaṣdarخِفَّةٌ خُفُوفٌ

Core sense — it was, or became, light; he was brisk, active; he was light-wittedgenerated

1.1[Be, or bear, lightly upon the ground]—خِفُّوا عَلَى الأَرْضِ

maṣdar خِفَّةٌ, خَفٌّ, خَفَّةٌ, and تَخَوُّفٌ, though this last belongs to the article خوف. Opposite of ثَقُلَ, both properly and figuratively; properly, it (a thing) was, or became, خَفِيف [i.e. light] of weight, in body or material substance.

prostrate yourselves [lightly upon the ground]—خَفِّفُوا

when you prostrate yourself, put your forehead on the ground lightly—إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَتَخَافَّ

The saying of 'Atà, in a tradition, said of prostration.

So some relate it: not heavily, so as to make marks on your foreheads.

But A 'Obeyd says that some say فَتُجَافِ [i.e. فَتُجَافِ عَضُدَيْكَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْكَ] with ج. [See form 3 in article جفو.]

the balance had one of its two scales light, so that it rose—خَفَّ المِيزَانُ

1.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

[Used figuratively: it, or he, was, or became, light in estimation, lightly esteemed, or of little account.]

1.1.2figurative · مجازhe was, or became, brisk, or obedient and submissive, in his work and his service—خَفَّ فِى عَمَلِهِ وَخِدْمَتِهِ

And he was, or became, خَفِيف [i.e. light in the sense of active, agile, and the like] in work: brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick; same as نَشِطَ. See article نشط.

he was, or became, brisk, or prompt, to him in service—خَفَّ لَهُ فِى الخِدْمَةِ

Muḍāriʿ يَخِفُّ.

he was, or became, promptly obedient and submissive to such a one—خَفَّ لِفُلَانٍ

I was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly in behaviour to such a one—خَفَفْتُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ

See article هش.

the female was, or became, submissive to the male—خَفَّتِ الأُنْثَى لِلْفَحْلِ

the she-asses obeyed their he-ass—خَفَّتِ الأُتُنُ لِعَيْرِهَا

he hastened to the enemy—خُفَّ إِلَى العَدُوِّ

the people, or party, removed, or departed, or journeyed, quickly from their home—خَفَّ القَوْمُ عَنْ وَطَنِهِمْ

MaṖdar خُفُوفٌ. Or, as some say, simply: they removed, departed, or journeyed, from it.

1.1.3figurative · مجاز[In his ear is quickness, acuteness, or sharpness, of hearing]—فِى أُذُنِهِ خِفَّةٌ

He was, or became, خَفِيف [or light] in intellect, or understanding, and in conduct: generally, he was, or became, light, inconstant, unsteady, irresolute, or fickle; light-witted; same as طَاشَ. The maṣdar of the verb in this sense is خِفَّةٌ. See article طيش, and this article.

[But sometimes, when it relates to the intellect, it means he was, or became, quick, acute, or sharp, and clever, or ingenious: see خَفِيفٌ.]

Said of one whose hearing is good. See article ثقل.

1.1.4figurative · مجاز — inferred

[He was, or became, flurried, agitated, or excited, by fear, and by anger or the like: see form 10.]

1.1.5figurative · مجاز — inferredsuch a one was, or became, acceptable and cheering to the king—خَفَّ فُلَانٌ عَلَى المَلِكِ

[He was, or became, light-hearted, or cheerful; one whose company, or talk, was acceptable and cheering.]

1.1.6figurative · مجاز — inferred[Motion, or moving, was, or became, easy to him]—خَفَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الحَرَكَةُ

[It (an action, an affair, a case, or the like) was, or became, light, or easy; and it became alleviated.]

Opposed to ثَقُلَتْ.

For خَفَّتْ حَالُهُ, see form 4.

1.1.7figurative · مجاز — inferred

[It (a word) was light, or easy, of utterance; and, said of a sound, it was, or became, light to the ear, or slight.]

1.1.8figurative · مجاز — inferred

It (food) was, or became, light to the stomach; easy of digestion.

1.1.9figurative · مجاز — inferred

Said of the hair of the head, and of the beard: it was, or became, light, thin, or scanty.

1.1.10figurative · مجاز — inferredsaid of a people, or company of men: they became few in number, their crowding having diminished—قَوْمٌ

explained as قَلُّوا وَقَدْ خَفَّتْ زَحْمَتُهُمْ.

1.1.11figurative · مجاز — inferred

Said of rain and the like: it diminished, decreased, or was, or became, light, or deficient.

1.1.12

[Said of a blow, a disease, an affection of the mind, and the like: it was, or became, light, slight, or inconsiderable.]

1.1.13figurative · مجاز — inferredtheir abodes became clear of them, and they went away—خَفَّتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ مِنْهُمْ وَمَضَوْا

See article شول.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1

7:9

وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَٰزِينُهُۥ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُم بِمَا كَانُوا۟ بِـَٔايَـٰتِنَا يَظْلِمُونَ

Those whose scale will be light, will be their souls in perdition, for that they wrongfully treated Our signs.

23:103

وَمَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَٰزِينُهُۥ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ فِى جَهَنَّمَ خَـٰلِدُونَ

But those whose balance is light, will be those who have lost their souls, in Hell will they abide.

101:8

وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَٰزِينُهُۥ

But he whose balance (of good deeds) will be (found) light,-

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text

, aor. خَفِفَ , inf. n. خِفَّةٌ (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.) and خَفٌّ (Msb, K) and خَفَّةٌ and تَخَوُّفٌ , but this last belongs to art. خوف , (K,) contr. of ثَقُلَ [both properly and tropically]; (Msb;) properly, (TA,) It (a thing, S, Msb) was, or became, خَفِيف [i. e. light] (JK, S, Msb, K, TA) of weight, (JK,) in body, or material substance. (TA.) Hence the saying of 'Atà, in a trad., خِفُّوا عَلَى الأَرْضِ , meaning [Be ye, or bear ye, lightly upon the ground] in prostration: (A'Obeyd, TA:) or, as some relate it, خَفِّفُوا : i. e. prostrate yourselves [lightly upon the ground;] not heavily, so as to make marks, or impressions, upon your foreheads: and in another trad. it is said, إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَتَخَافَّ When thou prostratest thyself, put thy forehead upon the ground lightly: but A 'Obeyd says that some say فَتُجَافِ , [i. e. فَتُجَافِ عَضُدَيْكَ عَنْ جَنْبَيْكَ ,] with ج . (TA [See 3 in art. جفو .]) [Hence also,] خَفَّ المِيزَانُ The balance had one of its two scales light, so that it rose. (TA.) [Used tropically, it means It, or he, was, or became, light in estimation, lightly esteemed, or of little account.] And He was, or became, خَفِيف [i. e. light as meaning active, agile, &c.,] in work: (TA:) he was, or became, brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick; syn. نَشِطَ . (Msb and TA in art. نشط .) You say, خَفَّ فِى عَمَلِهِ وَخِدْمَتِهِ He was, or became, [brisk, &c., or] obedient and submissive, in his work and his service: (TA:) and خَفَّ لَهُ فِى الخِدْمَةِ [He was, or became, brisk, &c., to him in service], aor. يَخِفُّ , inf. n. خِفَّةٌ : (S:) and in like manner, خَفَّ لِفُلَانٍ He was, or became, [promptly] obedient and submissive, to such a one. (TA.) [Hence,] خَفَفْتُ إِلَى فُلَانٍ [I was, or became, brisk, lively, or sprightly, in behaviour to such a one]. (S in art. هش .) And خَفَّتِ الأُنْثَى لِلْفَحْلِ The female was, or became, submissive to the male. (A, TA.) And خَفَّتِ الأُتُنُ لِعَيْرِهَا The she-asses obeyed their he-ass. (K, TA.) And خُفَّ إِلَى العَدُوِّ , inf. n. خُفُوفٌ , He hastened to the enemy. (Msb.) And خَفَّ القَوْمُ عَنْ وَطَنِهِمْ , (K, * TA,) inf. n. خُفُوفٌ , (TA,) The people, or party, removed, or departed, or journeyed, quickly from their home: or, as some say, simply removed, or departed, or journeyed, from it. (TA.) He was, or became, خَفِيف [or light] in intellect, or understanding: (TA:) [and in conduct, or behaviour: generally meaning] he was, or became, light, inconstant, unsteady, irresolute, or fickle; or light of intellect; lightwitted; syn. طَاشَ : (Msb:) the inf. n. of the verb in this sense is خِفَّةٌ . (Msb and K &c. in art. طيش , and TA in the present art.) [But sometimes, when relating to the intellect, or understanding, it means, He was, or became, quick, acute, or sharp; and clever, or ingenious: see خَفِيفٌ .] And you say of him whose hearing is good, فِى أُذُنِهِ خِفَّةٌ [In his ear is quickness, acuteness, or sharpness, of hearing]. (TA in art. ثقل .) [ He was, or became, flurried, agitated, or excited, by reason of fear, and by anger, or the like: see 10. He was, or became, lighthearted, or cheerful; one whose company, or converse, was acceptable and cheering.] You say, خَفَّ فُلَانٌ عَلَى المَلِكِ Such a one was, or became, acceptable and cheering to the king. (TA.) [ It (an action, or an affair, and a case, or the like,) was, or became, light, or easy: and it become alleviated.] You say, خَفَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الحَرَكَةُ [Motion, or moving, was, or became, easy to him]; opposed to ثَقُلَتْ . (TA.) And خَفَّتْ حَالُهُ : see 4. [ It (a word) was light, or easy, of utterance: and in like manner said of a sound, it was, or became, light to the ear; or slight. It (food) was, or became, light to the stomach; easy of digestion. Said of the hair of the head, and of the beard, It was, or became, light, thin, or scanty.] Said of a people, or company of men, ( قَوْمٌ ,) inf. n. خُفُوفٌ , it means قَلُّوا وَقَدْ خَفَّتْ زَحْمَتُهُمْ [i. e. They became few in number, their crowding having diminished]. (S.) Said of rain, [&c.,] It diminished; decreased; or was, or became, [light, or] deficient. (TA.) [Said of a blow, a disease, an affection of the mind, &c., It was, or became, light, slight, or inconsiderable.] خَفَّتْ مَنَازِلُهُمْ مِنْهُمْ وَمَضَوْا [means Their abodes became clear of them, and they went away]. (K * and TA in art. شول .)

Form 2خفّفهُ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he made it light, he alleviated itgenerated

2.1

He made it, or rendered it, خَفِيف [i.e. light], both properly and figuratively. The figurative meanings are shown by the preceding entry, by the explanations of خَفِيفٌ, and some by what follows.

تَخْفِيفٌ is the opposite of تَثْقِيلٌ.

2.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[That is an alleviation from your Lord]—ذٰلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ

[Make the conjectural estimate of the fruit on palm-trees and the like light, or moderate, to the owners]—خَفِّفُوا الخَرْصَ

Qur'ān 2:174.

In a tradition about the estimates to be made by the collectors of the poor-rate: do not go to the utmost length in the خرص.

he made light, or alleviated, his burden, suffering, or distress, by removing part of it from him; he relieved him—خفّف عَنْهُ

See Qur'ān 4:32 and 8:67 and the like.

For خَفِّفُوا عَلَى الأَرْضِ, see form 1.

he relaxed, or remitted, in his work—خفّف فِى عَمَلِهِ

Qur’ān 4:28 matched to Lane’s own quotation of it Lane cites “Kur iv. 32”

Qur’ān 4:28 Lane quotes this verse

يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمْ ۚ وَخُلِقَ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ ضَعِيفًا

Allah doth wish to lighten your (difficulties): For man was created Weak (in flesh).Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

2.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

[تَخْفِيفٌ also means making a word light, or easy, of utterance: by suppressing hemzeh, or turning it into ا or ى or تَثْقِيلٌ, as opposed to تَحْقِيقٌ and تَحْقِيقٌ; by making a double consonant single, as opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ and تَشْدِيدٌ; and by making a movent consonant sākin, as opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ and تَحْرِيكٌ. Each of these changes in a word is said to be لِلتَّخْفِيفِ in order to make the utterance easier.]

In like manner, making a sound light to the ear, or slight, as opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ; and the suppressing of hemzeh, as opposed to تَحْقِيقٌ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 2 3 shown of 8

2:162

خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۖ لَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمْ يُنظَرُونَ

They will abide therein: Their penalty will not be lightened, nor will respite be their (lot).

3:88

خَـٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمْ يُنظَرُونَ

In that will they dwell; nor will their penalty be lightened, nor respite be (their lot);-

4:28

يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُخَفِّفَ عَنكُمْ ۚ وَخُلِقَ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ ضَعِيفًا

Allah doth wish to lighten your (difficulties): For man was created Weak (in flesh).

Show Lane's original text

He made it, or rendered it, خَفِيف [i. e. light, both properly and tropically: the tropical significations are shown by the preceding paragraph, and by explanations of خَفِيفٌ ; and some by what here follows]: (Msb:) تَخْفِيفٌ is the contr. of تَثْقِيلٌ . (S, K.) Hence, in the Kur [ii. 174], ذٰلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ [That is an alleviation from your Lord]. (TA.) Hence also, in a trad. [respecting the estimates to be made by the collectors of the poor-rate], خَفِّفُوا الخَرْصَ [Make ye the conjectural computation of the quantity of the fruit upon palm-trees &c. light to the owners, or moderate;] go not to the utmost length in the خرص . (TA.) [And خفّف عَنْهُ He made light, or alleviated, his burden, suffering, distress, uneasiness, or the like, by removing from him somewhat thereof; he alleviated him; he relieved him: see Kur iv. 32 and viii. 67 &c.] And خَفِّفُوا عَلَى الأَرْضِ : see 1; second sentence. [And خفّف فِى عَمَلِهِ He relaxed, or remitted, in his work.] [ تَخْفِيفٌ also signifies The making a word light, or easy, of utterance, by the suppression of hemzeh, or by its conversion into ا or ى or تَثْقِيلٌ ; opposed to تَحْقِيقٌ and تَحْقِيقٌ : and by making a double consonant single; opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ and تَشْدِيدٌ : and by making a movent consonant quiescent; opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ and تَحْرِيكٌ : each of these changes in a word is said to be لِلتَّخْفِيفِ for the purpose of alleviating the utterance. Also, in like manner, The making a sound light to the ear, or slight; opposed to تَثْقِيلٌ . And The suppressing of hemzeh; opposed to تَحْقِيقٌ .]

Form 4احفّ5 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he made it light; he was little burdened; his condition became easygenerated

4.1

He made an arrow light, by scraping or paring it. See article حوذ.

4.1.1

See also form 10.

4.2

He was, or became, unburdened, or without anything weighing heavily on him: or he was, or became, little burdened, in journeying or in his residence at home.

4.2.1figurative · مجاز — inferred

Same as خَفَّتْ حَالُهُ [i.e. his state, or condition, was, or became, light, little encumbered, easy, or alleviated: or it was that of one having a small family to maintain: or that of having little property: or that of having little property and a small family to maintain]. See حَالٌ.

And, as some add, رَقَّتْ [i.e. it was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or evil: the word is used in opposite senses, though رَقَّتْ seems to be intended here as explaining خَفَّتْ].

4.2.2figurative · مجاز — inferredthe people's beasts were, or became, light, in the sense of active, agile, or brisk—اخفّ القَوْمُ

That is, خِفَاف. Or: the people had such beasts.

Show Lane's original text

He made an arrow light, by scraping or paring it. (L in art. حوذ .) See also 10. He was, or became, unburdened, or unencumbered, or without anything that burdened him heavily: (Msb:) or he was, or became, little burdened or encumbered, in journeying, (JK, TA,) or in his residence at home. (TA.) And i. q. خَفَّتْ حَالُهُ [i. e. His state, or condition, was, or became, light, little encumbered, easy, or alleviated: or it was, or became, that of one having a small family to maintain: or that of having little property: or that of having little property and a small family to maintain]: (JK, S, K, TA: [see حَالٌ :]) and, as some add, رَقَّتْ [i. e., it was, or became, narrow in its circumstances, or evil: it is used in contr. senses: though رَقَّتْ seems to be here intended as explanatory of خَفَّتْ ]. (TA.) اخفّ القَوْمُ The people's beasts were, or became, خِفَاف [i. e. light as meaning active, agile, or brisk]: (AZ, S:) or the people had such beasts. (K.)

Form 5تخفّف3 senses · 2 main

Core sense — he put on, or wore, a boot; he clad himself lightlygenerated

5.1

[He lightened his clothing, or clad himself lightly: but for this I know no authority other than modern usage.]

5.1.1

For تخفّف مِنْهُ, see form 10.

5.2he put on, or wore, the boot on the foot—تخفّف بِالخُفِّ

Also: he put on, or wore, a خُفّ [i.e. a boot], or خِفَاف [i.e. boots].

The word for the boot in these two is خُفّ.

he put on, or wore, the boot on the foot—تخفّف الخُفَّ

Show Lane's original text

[He lightened his clothing; or clad himself lightly: but for this I know no other authority than modern usage]. تخفّف مِنْهُ : see 10. Also He put on, or wore, a خُفّ [i. e. boot], or خِفَاف [i. e. boots]: (K, accord. to different copies:) or تخفّف بِالخُفِّ , (JK,) or تخفّف الخُفَّ , (TA,) he put on, or wore, the خُفّ (JK, TA) on the foot. (TA.)

Form 6تخافّ1 sense

Core sense — he pressed, or bore, lightly upon a thinggenerated

6.1

He pressed, or bore, lightly [upon a thing]; the opposite of تثاقل.

Hence the saying in a tradition, إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَتَخَافَّ, explained under form 1.

Show Lane's original text

He pressed, or bore, lightly [upon a thing]; contr. of تثاقل . (K, * TA.) Hence the saying, in a trad., إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَتَخَافَّ explained above: see 1, second sentence. (TA.)

Form 10استخفّهُ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — he deemed it light; he despised it; he incited him to levitygenerated

10.1

The opposite of اِسْتَثْقَلَهُ: he deemed it, or him, خَفِيف [i.e. light, both properly and figuratively].

He found it light, or easy, to carry, and to remove.

Lane cites “Bd in xvi. 82” — a commentary, not the verse; no modern number is given

10.1.1figurative · مجاز — inferredhe held him, or it, in light, or little, estimation, or in contempt; he contemned, or despised, him, or it—استخفّ بِهِ

Said of a man's right, or due, or just claim.

10.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred[he deemed the hemzeh light, or easy, of utterance]—استخفّ الهَمْزَةَ

10.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe demanded, or desired, his briskness, or promptness—استخفّهُ

خِفَّة means briskness, or promptness; تَخَفَّفَ مِنْهُ is used in the same way.

And it (a thing) incited him, or excited him, to briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; same as اِسْتَهَشَّهُ and أَطْرَبَهُ.

And he incited him to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness, so as to make him follow him in his error; or simply he excited him to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness; he flurried him, or disquieted him. So on the last verse of Qur'ān 30.

And it flurried him, so that he became unsteady: said of impatience; of a lively emotion of the heart or mind; of fear; and of anger. See article حمل.

he angered him, took away his forbearance, moderation, patience, or calmness, and incited him to levity, or unsteadiness—اخفّهُ

and he demanded of his people briskness, or promptness, in obeying him—فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ

In Qur'ān 43:54. Or فاستخفّ أَحْلَامَهُمْ [i.e. he held in light estimation their forbearance, moderation, patience, or staidness]; or he incited his people to be promptly obedient and submissive to him and to what he desired of them, like اِسْتَفَزَّ; or he incited his people to levity, or unsteadiness, and to ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct.

he incited such a one to ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct, and to levity, so as to make him swerve from his right judgment—استخفّ فُلَانًا عَنْ رَأْيِهِ

استفزّهُ عن رأيه is used in the same sense.

Qur’ān 43:55 approximate — somewhere between 43:36 and 43:89 Lane cites “Kur xliii. 54”

Qur’ān 43:54 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows

فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُۥ فَأَطَاعُوهُ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ قَوْمًا فَـٰسِقِينَ

Thus did he make fools of his people, and they obeyed him: truly were they a people rebellious (against Allah).Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 10

16:80

وَٱللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنۢ بُيُوتِكُمْ سَكَنًا وَجَعَلَ لَكُم مِّن جُلُودِ ٱلْأَنْعَـٰمِ بُيُوتًا تَسْتَخِفُّونَهَا يَوْمَ ظَعْنِكُمْ وَيَوْمَ إِقَامَتِكُمْ ۙ وَمِنْ أَصْوَافِهَا وَأَوْبَارِهَا وَأَشْعَارِهَآ أَثَـٰثًا وَمَتَـٰعًا إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

It is Allah Who made your habitations homes of rest and quiet for you; and made for you, out of the skins of animals, (tents for) dwellings, which ye find so light (and handy) when ye travel and when ye stop (in your travels); and out of their wool, and their soft fibres (between wool and hair), and their hair, rich stuff and articles of convenience (to serve you) for a time.

30:60

فَٱصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّ ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُوقِنُونَ

So patiently persevere: for verily the promise of Allah is true: nor let those shake thy firmness, who have (themselves) no certainty of faith.

43:54

فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُۥ فَأَطَاعُوهُ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ قَوْمًا فَـٰسِقِينَ

Thus did he make fools of his people, and they obeyed him: truly were they a people rebellious (against Allah).

Show Lane's original text

contr. of اِسْتَثْقَلَهُ ; (S, K, TA;) He deemed it, or him, خَفِيف [i. e. light, properly and tropically]. (TA.) He found it light, or easy, to carry, (Bd in xvi. 82, and TA,) and to remove. (Bd ibid.) استخفّ بِهِ He held him, or it, (namely, a man's right, or due, or just claim, Msb, TA,) in light, or little, estimation or account, or in contempt; he contemned, or despised, him, or it. (S, Msb, TA.) استخفّ الهَمْزَةَ [He deemed the hemzeh light, or easy, of utterance]. (TA.) استخفّهُ also signifies He demanded, or desired, his خِفَّة [i. e. briskness, or promptness]; as also تَخَفَّفَ مِنْهُ : (TA:) and it (a thing) incited him, or excited him, to briskness, liveliness, or sprightliness; syn. اِسْتَهَشَّهُ ; (JK and K and TA in art. هش ;) and أَطْرَبَهُ : (Har p. 139:) and he incited him, or excited him, to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness, so as to induce him to follow him in his error: (TA:) [and simply] he excited him to lightness, levity, or unsteadiness; (Ksh and Bd and Jel in the Kur xxx. last verse;) flurried him, or disquieted him: (Ksh and Bd ibid.:) and it flurried him, so that he became unsteady; said of impatience; and of a lively emotion of the heart or mind; (TA;) and of fear; (MA;) and of anger: (T in art. حمل :) and اخفّهُ he angered him, (TA,) and deprived him of his forbearance, moderation, patience, staidness, or calmness, and incited him, or excited him, to levity, or unsteadiness. (K, * TA.) فَٱسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ , in the Kur xliii. 54, means And he demanded, or desired, of his people, briskness, or promptness, in obeying him: or فاستخفّ أَحْلَامَهُمْ [and he held in light estimation their qualities of forbearance, moderation, patience, or staidness]: (Bd:) or he incited, or excited, his people to be promptly obedient and submissive ( أَنْ يَخِفُّوا ) to him and to that which he desired of them; like اِسْتَفَزَّ : (Ksh:) or he incited, or excited, his people to levity, or unsteadiness, ( الخِفَّة ,) and ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct. (Msb.) And you say, استخفّ فُلَانًا عَنْ رَأْيِهِ He incited, or excited, such a one to ignorance, foolishness, or wrong conduct, and levity, or unsteadiness, so as to make him swerve from his right sentiment, opinion, or judgment; (Az, K, TA;) as also استفزّهُ عن رأيه . (Az, TA.)

Derived nouns 8

Nounخُفٌّ6 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a boot; the foot of a camel; camels; an aged camelgenerated

1[He returned with the two boots of Honeyn]—رَجَعَ بِخُفَّىْ حُنَيْنٍ

A boot; a thing that is worn upon the foot. Plural خِفَافٌ, and أَخْفَافٌ, which is a plural of paucity.

A 'Obeyd: this saying arose thus. An Arab of the desert bargained with Honeyn the إِسْكَاف [or maker of shoes and boots], who was of the people of El-Heereh, for a pair of boots, until he angered him, and Honeyn wanted to anger the Arab in return. So when the Arab of the desert departed, Honeyn took one of his two boots and threw it down in the way, and then threw the other down in another place. When the Arab passed by one of them he said, “How like this is to the boot of Honeyn! If the other were with it, I would take it,” and he went on. When he came to the other, he was sorry he had left the first; and Honeyn had lain in wait for him. So when the Arab went off in search of the first boot, Honeyn went to the camel that the man rode, and what was upon it, and made off with it. The Arab came back with nothing but a pair of boots, and his people said to him, “What have you brought from your journey?” and he answered:

[I have brought you the two boots of Honeyn]—جِئْتُكُمْ بِخُفَّىْ حُنَيْنٍ

[Honeyn returned with his pair of boots]—رَجَعَ حُنَيْنٌ بِخُفَّيْهِ

This became a proverb, used when someone despairs of what he wants and comes back disappointed. So A 'Obeyd relates the case, and most others after him.

According to ISk, Honeyn was a strong man who claimed relationship to Asad Ibn-Háshim Ibn-'Abd-Menáf. He came to 'Abd-El-Muttalib wearing a pair of red boots, [formerly distinctive of kings and men of high rank,] and said, “O my paternal uncle, I am the son of Asad the son of Háshim the son of 'Abd-Menáf.” But 'Abd-El-Muttalib said, “No, by the garments of my father Háshim, I do not know in you the natural qualities of Háshim; so go back.” So he returned, and it was said:

As for the saying of the rájiz, [He carries, in] a pastor's bag made of the leg of a خُفّ [or boot: wooden implements to be tied upon the dugs of she-camels, made of different trees]

shāhid

يَحْمِلُ فِى سَحْقٍ مِنَ الخِفَافِتَوَادِيًا سُوِّينَ مِنْ خِلَافِ

. See خِلَافٌ.

1.1

The foot of the camel; the whole of the فِرْسِن of the camel, of the male and of the female; corresponding to the حَافِر [or hoof] of the horse.

Sometimes said of the ostrich, because its foot resembles that of the camel; but of no other than these two.

Of the masculine gender, whereas فِرْسِنٌ, its synonym, is feminine. Plural أَخْفَافٌ.

1.2figurative · مجاز[he possesses no camels, nor horses or asses or mules, nor sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts]—مَالَهُ خُفٌّ وَلَاحَافِرٌ وَلَا ظِلْفٌ

[And hence, the part standing for the whole, for ذَوَاتُ خُفٍّ:] camels; coupled with حَافِرٌ as meaning horses, [and sometimes asses or mules], and with ظِلْفٌ [as meaning sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts].

the camels came following one another, the head of each at the tail of the one before it—جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ عَلَىخُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ

Whether they are tied together in a file or not.

1.3what the aged and weak of camels cannot reach may be prohibited—يُحْمَى مِنَ الأَراَكِ مَا لَمْ تَنَلْهُ أَخْفَافُ الإِبِلِ

An aged camel; [and a weak camel;] or, as some say, a bulky camel. Plural أَخْفَافٌ.

Said in a tradition, of the trees called اراك. That is: what of them is near the place of pasturage is not to be prohibited, but is to be left for the aged and weak camels, that cannot go far in search of pasture. Or: what camels cannot reach with their اخفاف by walking to it may be prohibited. Or: what camels cannot reach with their heads may be prohibited [to be shaken or beaten off for them].

1.4figurative · مجاز

The sole of a man's foot, the part that touches the ground.

1.5figurative · مجاز

A tract of ground more rugged, or longer, than what is called نَعْلٌ; or a rugged piece of ground.

Show Lane's original text

A boot; (KL, PS, &c.;) a certain thing that is worn (JK, S, Msb, K, TA) upon the foot: (TA:) pl. خِفَافٌ (S, L, Msb, K) and أَخْفَافٌ [which is a pl. of pauc.]. (L, TA.) Hence, رَجَعَ بِخُفَّىْ حُنَيْنٍ [He returned with the two boots of Honeyn]; a saying which originated thus: (A 'Obeyd, TA:) an Arab of the desert bargained with Honeyn the إِسْكَاف [or maker of shoes and boots], (K,) who was of the people of El-Heereh, (TA,) for a pair of boots, until he angered him, (K,) and Honeyn desired to anger the Arab: (TA:) so when the Arab of the desert departed, Honeyn took one of his two boots and threw it down in the way, and then he threw down the other in another place; and when the Arab passed by one of them, he said, “ How like is this to the boot of Honeyn ! and if the other were with it, I would take it: ” and he went on: and when he came to the other, he repented of having left the former: and Honeyn had lain in wait for him: therefore when the Arab went away in search of the former [boot], Honeyn betook himself to the camel that he rode, and what was upon it, and went away therewith; and the Arab came, having with him nothing but a pair of boots; and it was said, (K,) i. e. his people said to him, (TA,) “ What hast thou brought from thy journey? ” and he answered, جِئْتُكُمْ بِخُفَّىْ حُنَيْنٍ [“ I have brought you the two boots of Honeyn ”]: and this became a prov., applied on the occasion of one's despairing of an object of want, and returning disappointed: (K:) thus the case is related by A 'Obeyd, and by most others after him. (TA.) Accord. to ISk, Honeyn was a strong man, who asserted his relationship to Asad Ibn-Háshim Ibn-'Abd-Menáf, and came to 'Abd-El-Muttalib, wearing a pair of red boots, [formerly distinctive of kings and men of high rank,] and said, “ O my paternal uncle, I am the son of Asad the son of Háshim the son of 'Abd-Menáf: ” but 'Abd-El-Muttalib said, “ No, by the garments of my father Háshim, I know not in thee the natural qualities of Háshim; therefore return thou: ” so he returned: and it was said, رَجَعَ حُنَيْنٌ بِخُفَّيْهِ [Honeyn returned with his pair of boots]. (O, K, &c.) As to the saying of the rájiz, 1 he means thereby [He carries, in] a pastor's bag ( كِنْف ) made of the leg of a خُفّ [or boot, wooden implements to be tied upon the dugs of she-camels, made of different trees]. (S. See خِلَافٌ .) يَحْمِلُ فِى سَحْقٍ مِنَ الخِفَافِ | تَوَادِيًا سُوِّينَ مِنْ خِلَافِ The foot (KL, PS) of the camel; (S, Msb, KL, PS;) the whole ( مَجْمَع ) of the فِرْسِن of the camel; (JK, K, TA;) of the male and of the female; corresponding to the حَافِر [or hoof] of the horse: (TA:) and sometimes of the ostrich, (K,) because resembling that of the camel: (TA:) but of no other than these two: (K:) of the masc. gender; whereas فِرْسِنٌ [its syn.] is fem.: (TA:) pl. أَخْفَافٌ . (S, Msb, K.) [And hence, by a synecdoche, for ذَوَاتُ خُفٍّ ,] Camels; coupled with حَافِرٌ as meaning horses, [and sometimes asses or mules], (Mgh, TA, *) and ظِلْفٌ [as meaning sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts]. (TA.) You say, مَالَهُ خُفٌّ وَلَاحَافِرٌ وَلَا ظِلْفٌ [meaning He possesses not camels, nor horses or asses or mules, nor sheep or goats or other cloven-hoofed beasts]. (TA.) You say also, جَآءَتِ الإِبِلُ عَلَىخُفٍّ وَاحِدٍ , meaning The camels came following one another, the head of each [except the first] being at the tail of the next [before it], whether tied together in a file or not. (L.) An aged camel: (K:) [and a weak camel:] or, as some say, a bulky camel: pl. أَخْفَافٌ . (TA.) It is said in a trad., يُحْمَى مِنَ الأَراَكِ مَا لَمْ تَنَلْهُ أَخْفَافُ الإِبِلِ [Of the trees called اراك , what the aged and weak of camels cannot reach may be prohibited]: i. e. what is near, thereof, to the place of pasturage is not to be prohibited, but is to be left for the aged and weak camels, that cannot go far in search of pasture: (As, O, Msb:) or what camels cannot reach (Msb, TA) by means of their اخفاف , (Msb,) by walking thereto, (TA,) may be prohibited: (Msb, TA:) or it means, what camels cannot reach with their heads may be prohibited [to be shaken or beaten off for them]. (Mgh.) The sole, or part that touches the ground, of the foot of a man. (M, K, TA.) A tract of ground (S, A, O, L) more rugged, (S, O, L,) or longer, (A,) than such as is termed نَعْلٌ : (S, A, O, L:) or a rugged piece of ground. (K.)

Nounخِفٌّ2 senses

Core sense — light; a company consisting of few personsgenerated

See خَفِيفٌ, in four places.

2such a one went forth among a company of few of his companions—خَرَجَ فُلَانٌ فِى خِفٍّ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ

Also: a company consisting of few persons.

Show Lane's original text

: see خَفِيفٌ , in four places. Also A company consisting of few persons. (S, K.) You say, خَرَجَ فُلَانٌ فِى خِفٍّ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ Such a one went forth among a company consisting of few persons of his companions. (S.)

Nounخِفَّةٌ1 sense

Core sense — lightness; levitygenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

A maṣdar of form 1 [in almost all of its senses, proper and figurative; and much used as a simple noun, meaning lightness, levity, and the like].

Show Lane's original text

an inf. n. of 1 [in almost all of its senses, proper and tropical; and much used as a simple subst., signifying Lightness: levity: &c.]. (JK, S, Msb, K, &c.)

Nounخُفَافٌ1 sense

Core sense — light, light in weightgenerated

See the next entry, in four places.

Show Lane's original text

: see what next follows, in four places.

Nounخَفِيفٌ5 senses · 1 main

Core sense — light; brisk, quick; light, thin, or scantygenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferreda poor man—رَجُلٌ خَفِيفُ ذَاتِ اليَدِ

An ism fāʿil of form 1 [in all its senses, proper and figurative, meaning light, and the like].

خِفٌّ is used in the proper sense; it is applied to a thing, as is this word, and means anything light to carry, and also light in weight but heavy in price, not troubling the one who carries it.

خُفَافٌ is likewise applied to a man, as is this word; but some say that this word means light in body [as well as in figurative senses], while the other means light in the sense of possessing quickness, acuteness, or sharpness, and cleverness or ingenuity.

In like manner خَفِيفُ القَلْبِ means quick, acute, or sharp, in intellect; and خَفِيفُ الرُّوحِ the same, or clever, or ingenious.

The plurals of this word are خِفَافٌ, أَخْفَافٌ, and أَخِفَّآءُ; the first of these three is also a plural of خُفَافٌ.

Hence, in Qur'ān 9:41, اِنْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا [explained in article ثقل].

خِفٌّ is also applied to a boy, meaning light to carry, as in the saying of Imra-el-Keys: [The boy that is light to carry slips from the parts of the horse's back where the rider sits]

shāhid

يَزِلُّ الغُلَامُ الخِفُّ عَنْ صَهَوَاتِهِ

Or the reading is يُزِلُّ الغُلَامَ الخِفَّ [i.e. he makes the boy that is light to carry to slip]. It is also said to mean the hardy, strong, or sturdy, boy.

And خَفِيفٌ also means little burdened or encumbered in journeying, or in residence at home; like خِفٌّ and مُخِفٌّ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferred[Prompt, or quick, to do good]—خَفِيفٌ إِلَى الخَيْرِ

[Brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick.]

See article هش.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

[Light, or easy, of utterance; and light to the ear, light in sound.]

Hence النُّونُ الخَفِيفَةُ [i.e. the light-sounding ن, as in يَفْعَلَنْ and the like]; the opposite of الثَّقِيلَةُ. It is also applied to the tanwīn.

1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredhe is light, thin, or scanty in the hair of the two sides of the cheeks, and of the beard—هُوَ خَفِيفُ العَارِضَيْنِ

[Light, thin, or scanty; applied to the hair of the head and the like.]

See article عرض.

1.4a certain metre of verse, namely the eleventh—الخَفِيفُ

Its measure consists of فَاعِلَاتُنْ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ فَاعِلَاتُنْ in each hemistich. [The K adds “six times”, a mistake for “six feet”.]

Show Lane's original text

a part. n. of 1 [in all its senses, proper and tropical, signifying Light: &c.]: (JK, S, * Msb, K, * TA:) as also خِفٌّ [in the proper sense] (JK, * S, * Msb, K, * TA) and خُفَافٌ : (S, * K, * TA:) the first is applied to a thing; as also ↓ the second, (Msb,) which signifies anything light to carry, (TA,) [as also the first;] and light in weight but heavy in price, not incommoding the bearer: (Har p. 139:) and the first and ↓ third are also applied to a man: (S, TA:) but, as some say, the first means [light] in body [as well as in tropical senses]; and ↓ the third, [light] in [the sense of possessing] quickness or acuteness or sharpness, and cleverness or ingeniousness: and [in like manner] خَفِيفُ القَلْبِ signifies quick, acute, or sharp, in intellect; and خَفِيفُ الرُّوحِ , the same; or clever, or ingenious: the pl. of the first is خِفَافٌ and أَخْفَافٌ and أَخِفَّآءُ ; the first of which three pls. is also pl. of خُفَافٌ : and hence, in the Kur [ix. 41], اِنْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا [explained in art. ثقل ]. (TA.) خِفٌّ is also applied to a boy, (S, TA,) meaning Light to carry; (TA;) as in the saying of Imra-el-Keys, 1 [The boy that is light to carry slips from the parts of his (the horse's) back whereon the rider sits]: (S: so in my copies:) or يُزِلُّ الغُلَامَ الخِفَّ [he makes the boy that is light to carry to slip]: and [it is said that] it means also the hardy, strong, or sturdy, boy. (TA.) And خَفِيفٌ signifies also Little burdened or encumbered in journeying, or in residence at home; like خِفٌّ and مُخِفٌّ . (TA.) [Hence,] رَجُلٌ خَفِيفُ ذَاتِ اليَدِ A poor man. (TA.) يَزِلُّ الغُلَامُ الخِفُّ عَنْ صَهَوَاتِهِ [ Brisk, lively, sprightly, active, agile, prompt, and quick. Hence,] خَفِيفٌ إِلَى الخَيْرِ [ Prompt, or quick, to do good]. (TA in art. هش .) [ Light, or easy, of utterance: and light to the ear; light in sound. Hence,] النُّونُ الخَفِيفَةُ [ The lightsounding ن ; as in يَفْعَلَنْ &c.]; contr. of الثَّقِيلَةُ : and also applied to the tenween. (TA.) [ Light, thin, or scanty; applied to the hair of the head &c. Hence,] هُوَ خَفِيفُ العَارِضَيْنِ [ He is light, thin, or scanty,] in the hair of the two sides of the cheeks, (S and O and Msb in art. عرض ,) and of the beard. (O in that art.) الخَفِيفُ A certain kind of metre of verse; [namely, the eleventh;] the measure of which consists of فَاعِلَاتُنْ مُسْتَفْعِلُنْ فَاعِلَاتُنْ [in each hemistich]. (K [in which is added “ six times, ” a mistake for “ six feet ”].)

Nounخَفَّافُ1 sense

Core sense — a maker, or seller, of bootsgenerated

[A maker, or seller, of boots (خِفَافٌ, plural of خُفٌّ).]

Show Lane's original text

[A maker, or seller, of boots ( خِفَافٌ , pl. of خُفٌّ ).] (TA.)

Nounمُخِفٌّ1 sense

Core sense — little burdened or encumbered; having little propertygenerated

See خَفِيفٌُ.

Show Lane's original text

: see خَفِيفٌُ .

Nounالعَوْرَةُ المُخَفَّفَةُ1 sense

Core sense — the parts of the person improper, but not grossly indecent, to exposegenerated

1figurative · مجاز — inferred

[The part, or parts, of the person which it is improper, but not grossly indecent, to expose: so in the law-books: see article عور.]

Show Lane's original text

[ The part, or parts, of the person which it is improper, but not grossly indecent, to expose: so in the law-books: see art. عور .]