Core sense — bad, corrupt, foul; wicked, deceitful; unlawfulgenerated
1figurative · مجازbad in taste, [and in odour,] and in colour, said of a thing—خَبِيث
The contrary of طَيِّبٌ. Applied to objects of the senses and to those of the intellect; to food, to offspring, to men, and to other things: bad; corrupt; disapproved, hated, or abominable — according to IAar this last is its primary meaning — or so in respect of taste and of odour: [nasty, nauseous, loathsome, or disgusting:] impure, unclean, foul, or filthy: unlawful, applied in this sense to certain food: applied to certain drink, injurious: applied to medicine such as is forbidden in a tradition, it means either impure and unlawful, such as wine, or nauseous to the taste.
You apply this adjective also to adultery, or fornication; to property unlawfully acquired; to blood and the like things which God has forbidden; to such things as garlic, onions and leeks, which are disagreeable in taste and odour; and to such things as the serpent and the scorpion.
Applied to language, it means opprobrious, or of a reviling nature; and bad or corrupt [in respect of authority; or of a bad dialect]. Applied to religion, infidel, or of the nature of infidelity.
Applied to a man: bad, corrupt, base, or abominable; wicked, deceitful, artful, crafty, or cunning; as also خَابِثٌ; and an adulterer, or a fornicator; and a blamer, or censurer; or a slanderer. [And, applied to a venomous reptile and the like, malignant, or noxious, as well as impure, unclean, foul, or filthy.]
The feminine is خَبِيثَةٌ. The masculine plural is خِبَاثٌ and خُبُثٌ, for which it is allowable to say خُبْثٌ in the dialect of Temeem, and خُبَثَآءُ, like شُرَفَآءُ [plural of شَرِيفٌ], and أَخْبَاثٌ, like أَشَرَافٌ [another plural of شَرِيفٌ], and خَبَثَةٌ, like ضَعَفَةٌ, plural of ضَعِيفٌ.
The like of these two instances can hardly be found, or is not found, among sound words, for سَرَاةٌ, plural of سَرِىٌّ, is an unsound word, and خُبُوثٌ, which is also irregular, [and خَبَاثَى (as حَزَانَى is a plural of حَزِينٌ) applied in the A, in the article خنث, to خَنَاثَى, plural of خُنْثَى] and خَبِيثُونَ [applied only to rational beings].
The feminine plural, that is, of خَبِيثَةٌ, is خَبَائِثُ and خَبِيثَاتٌ.
the colocynth—الشَّجَرَةُ الخَبِيثَةُ
Mentioned in the Qur'ān [14:31]. Or it means the كَشُوث, a plant that clings to the branches of trees and has no root in the earth; treated in the S and the K, in the article كشث; [a species of cuscuta, or dodder;] or yellow عُرُوق that cling to trees. It also occurs in a tradition as meaning the garlic-plant, the onion, and the leek, because of their disagreeable taste and odour.
they were cast into a well corrupt, and corrupting what fell into it—أُلْقُوا فِى قَلِيبٍ خَبِيثٍ مُخْبِثٍ
one who takes to himself bad, wicked, or deceitful companions, friends, connexions, or assistants, said of a man—خَبِيثٌ مُخْبِثٌ
Said in a tradition about those slain at Bedr.
Also خَبِيثٌ, مُخْبِثٌ, خَابِثٌ and مَخْبَثَانٌ in this sense.
Or مَخْبَثَانُ, as a determinate noun [without the article ال], is used only in calling to, or addressing, a person.
You say يَا مَخْبَثَانُ, feminine مَخْبَثَانَةُ, and, to a man and a woman together, يا مَخْبَثَانُ.
A 'Obeyd: in the phrase خَبِيثٌ مُخْبِثٌ the first word means bad, wicked, or deceitful in himself, and the second, having bad, wicked, or deceitful companions, friends and assistants.
O bad, or wicked, or deceitful man!—يَاخُبَثُ
Meaning يا خَبِيثُ. And to a woman one says يَاخَبَاثِ, indeclinable with kesr as its ending, and يا خَبِيثَةُ. [So in the K according to SM: so in all the copies he had, but he did not find it in any other lexicon; it is not in the CK, nor in his manuscript copy of the K.]
خَبَاثِ also occurs, in a saying of El-Hasan addressed to the present world: الدُّنْيَا.
O [you of] bad, wicked, or deceitful qualities or dispositions!—يَا خِبْثَةُ
El-Hajjáj said this to Anas, meaning يا خَبِيثُ. [Apparently addressed to a woman, as the context seems to show, and in agreement with the statement in Ham p. 810 that خِبْثةٌ is sometimes used in speaking of an old woman.]
having the soul [or stomach] heavy, [or heaving with a tendency to vomit,] and in a disagreeable state—خَبِيثُ النَّفْسِ
very abominable, applied to a lie—مَخْبَثَانٌ
It occurs in a tradition, as meaning خَبِيثٌ, apparently in an intensive sense.
In the saying أَعُودُ بِٱللّٰهِ, or اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُودُ بِكَ مِنَ الخُبُثِ وَالخبَائِثِ, or مِنَ الخُبْثِ وَالخَبَائِثِ, a form of words which Muhammad directed his followers to pronounce on entering a privy, or place of retirement, because devils are in such a place: الخُبُث is the plural of الخَبِيث, and so is الخُبْث in the dialect of Temeem, and الخَبَائِث is the plural of الخَبِيثَة; and the meaning is, I seek protection by God, or O God, I seek protection by You, from the male devils and the female devils, of the genii and of mankind.
Aboo-Bekr: or, reading الخُبْث [as a noun], from infidelity and the devils.
Or, [so reading, and regarding الخبائث as plural of الخَبِيثَةُ used as a noun,] from infidelity and acts of disobedience: or from wicked, or unrighteous, conduct, such as adultery and the like, and culpable actions and evil qualities or dispositions.
El-Khattábee asserts that the reading الخُبْث, with the ب sākin, is a mistake of the relaters of traditions; but En-Nawawee rejects this assertion.
Qur’ānic occurrences خَبِيث 1 shown of 6
5:100
قُل لَّا يَسْتَوِى ٱلْخَبِيثُ وَٱلطَّيِّبُ وَلَوْ أَعْجَبَكَ كَثْرَةُ ٱلْخَبِيثِ ۚ فَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَSay: "Not equal are things that are bad and things that are good, even though the abundance of the bad may dazzle thee; so fear Allah, O ye that understand; that (so) ye may prosper."
Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.
Show Lane's original text
contr. of طَيِّبٌ ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) applied to objects of the senses and to those of the intellect; (Kull p. 177;) to sustenance, or victuals, and to offspring, and men, and to other things: (TA:) Bad; corrupt: (Msb, TA:) disapproved, hated, or abominable; (Msb, TA;) this accord. to IAar, being its primary signification: (TA:) or so in respect of taste, and of odour: (Mgh:) [nasty, nauseous, loathsome, or disgusting:] impure, unclean, foul, or filthy: (Mgh, Msb, TA:) unlawful; (Mgh, Msb;) applied in this sense to certain food: and, applied to certain beverage, injurious: (TA:) applied to medicine such as is forbidden in a certain trad., it means either impure and unlawful, such as wine &c., or nauseous to the taste: (IAth, TA:) you say that a thing is خَبِيث in taste, [and in odour,] and in colour: and you apply this epithet to adultery, or fornication; and to property unlawfully acquired; and to blood, and to the like things which God has forbidden: (TA:) also to such things as garlic and onions (Msb, TA) and leeks, (TA,) which are disagreeable in taste and odour: (TA:) and to such things as the serpent and the scorpion: (Msb:) applied to language, it means opprobrious, or of a reviling nature; (TA;) and bad or corrupt [in respect of authority; or of a bad dialect]: (A, TA:) applied to religion, infidel, or of the nature of infidelity: (TA:) applied to a man, bad, corrupt, base, or abominable; wicked, deceitful, guileful, artful, crafty, or cunning; (S, K, TA;) as also خَابِثٌ : (K:) and an adulterer, or a fornicator: (Msb:) and a blamer, or censurer: or a slanderer, or calumniator: (Har p. 611:) [and, applied to a venomous reptile and the like, malignant, or noxious; as well as impure, unclean, foul, or filthy:] the fem. is خَبِيثَةٌ : (Msb:) the pl. masc. is خِبَاثٌ (A, TA) and خُبُثٌ , for which it is allowable to say خُبْثٌ , accord. to the dial. of Temeem, (Msb,) and خُبَثَآءُ , (S, A, Msb, TA,) like شُرَفَآءُ [pl. of شَرِيفٌ ], (Msb,) and أَخْبَاثٌ , like أَشَرَافٌ [another pl. of شَرِيفٌ ], (Msb, MF, TA,) and خَبَثَةٌ , (Kr, Msb, MF, TA,) like ضَعَفَةٌ pl. of ضَعِيفٌ , (Msb, MF, TA,) two instances of which the like can scarcely be found, (Msb,) or is not found among sound words, for سَرَاةٌ pl. of سَرِىٌّ is an unsound word, (MF, TA,) and خُبُوثٌ , (AZ, TA,) which is also extr., (TA,) [and خَبَاثَى , (like as حَزَانَى is a pl. of حَزِينٌ ,) applied in the A, in art. خنث , to خَنَاثَى , pl. of خُنْثَى ,] and خَبِيثُونَ [applied only to rational beings]: (Mgh:) and the pl. fem., i. e. of خَبِيثَةٌ , is خَبَائِثُ (Msb, TA) and خَبِيثَاتٌ . (Mgh.) الشَّجَرَةُ الخَبِيثَةُ , mentioned in the Kur [xiv. 31], (TA,) means The colocynth: or the كَشُوث , (K; TA,) which is a certain plant that clings to the branches of trees and has no root in the earth; (S and K in art. كشث ;) [a species of cuscuta, or dodder;] or yellow عُرُوق that cling to trees: (TA in the present art.:) also occurring in a trad., as meaning the garlic-plant; and the onion; and the leek; because of their disagreeable taste and odour. (IAth, TA.) It is said in a trad. respecting the slain at Bedr, أُلْقُوا فِى قَلِيبٍ خَبِيثٍ مُخْبِثٍ They were cast into a well corrupt, and corrupting what fell into it. (TA.) خَبِيثٌ مُخْبِثٌ , (S, L,) or خَبِيثٌ and مُخْبِثٌ , (K,) and خَابِثٌ (TA) and مَخْبَثَانٌ , (S, L, K,) applied to a man, signify One who takes to himself bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends (S, L, K, TA) or connexions or assistants: (TA:) or مَخْبَثَانُ , as a determinate noun, [without the article ال ] is only used in calling to, or addressing, a person: (K:) you say, يَا مَخْبَثَانُ ; (S;) fem. مَخْبَثَانَةُ : and to a man and woman together, يا مَخْبَثَانُ : (L, TA:) and in the phrase خَبِيثٌ مُخْبِثٌ , the former word signifies bad, wicked, or deceitful, in himself; and the latter, having bad, wicked, or deceitful, companions or friends and assistants. (A 'Obeyd, TA.) One says also, يَاخُبَثُ , meaning يا خَبِيثُ [O bad or wicked or deceitful man!]; and to a woman, يَاخَبَاثِ , (S, K,) indecl., with kesr for its termination, (S,) and يا خَبِيثَةُ . (K [accord. to SM: so in all the copies in his hands; but not found by him in any other lexicon: not in the CK, nor in my MS. copy of the K.]) خَبَاثِ also occurs, in a saying of El-Hasan, addressed to the present world, الدُّنْيَا . (L.) And يَا خِبْثَةُ was said by El-Hajjáj to Anas, as meaning يا خَبِيثُ : and is also used as meaning O [thou of] bad, wicked, or deceitful, qualities or dispositions! [app. addressed to a woman, as the context seems to show; and agreeably with an assertion in Ham p. 810, that خِبْثةٌ is sometimes used in speaking of an old woman]. (L, TA.) خَبِيثُ النَّفْسِ means Having the soul [or stomach] heavy, [or heaving, or agitated by a tendency to vomit,] and in a disagreeable state. (TA.) And مَخْبَثَانٌ applied to a lie occurs in a trad, as meaning خَبِيثٌ app. in an intensive sense [i. e. Very abominable]. (TA.) In the saying, أَعُودُ بِٱللّٰهِ , (Mgh,) or اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُودُ بِكَ , (Msb, * K, * TA,) مِنَ الخُبُثِ وَالخبَائِثِ , (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or مِنَ الخُبْثِ وَالخَبَائِثِ , (Msb, K, TA,) a form of words which Mohammad directed his followers to pronounce on entering a privy, or place of retirement for the relief of nature, because devils are in such a place, (Mgh, TA,) الخُبُث is pl. of الخَبِيث , (Mgh, Msb, TA,) and so is الخُبْث accord. to the dial. of Temeem, (Msb, TA,) and الخَبَائِث is pl. of الخَبِيثَة ; (Mgh, TA;;) and the meaning is, I seek protection by God, or O God, I seek protection by Thee, from the male devils and the female devils, (IAth, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) of the genii and of mankind: (Mgh:) or, reading الخُبْث , [as a subst,] from infidelity and the devils: (Aboo-Bekr, TA:) or, [so reading, and regarding الخبائث as pl. of الخَبِيثَةُ used as a subst.,] from infidelity and acts of disobedience: (Msb, TA:) or, from wicked, or unrighteous, conduct, such as adultery and the like, and culpable actions and evil qualities or dispositions: El-Khattábee asserts that the reading الخُبْث , with the ب quiescent, is a mistake of the relaters of traditions; but En-Nawawee rejects this assertion. (TA.)