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حيض

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Form 1حَاضَتْ4 senses · 1 main
maṣdarحَيْضٌmuḍāriʿتَحِيضُ

Core sense — she menstruated; it flowed with gum, said of a tree; it overflowedgenerated

1.1she menstruated—تحيّضت

maṣdar حَيْضٌ, مَحِيضٌ, and مَحَاضٌ — Aboo-Is-hāk.

Said of a woman: she menstruated; her blood flowed, or rather blood came out from her womb. [Not in consequence of disease nor of childbirth, nor before she had attained to puberty; as explained in the law-books of the Muslims.]

Or this second form means: she likened herself to the حَائِض.

1.1.1

Also: she reached the age of menstruation. [See حَائِضٌ.]

1.1.2figurative · مجازit flowed with, or gave out, a matter resembling blood; it flowed with its gum—حَاضَتِ السَّمُرَةُ

Muḍāriʿ as above.

Said of the سمرة, the gum-acacia tree.

The matter it gives out is called دُوَدِم and is put on the head of a new-born baby to scare away the jinn. In a copy of the A, and in one place in the TA, الشَّجَرَةُ is put in place of السَّمُرَةُ, apparently by mistake.

I have marked this meaning as figurative on the authority of the A and TA; but the author of the Msb begins the article with it, and shows that he held the opinion, shared by some others, that it is the primary meaning.

1.1.3figurative · مجاز — inferredthe torrent overflowed, or poured out from fullness; it ran—حَاضَ السَّيْلُ

Synonymous with فَاضَ.

Qur’ānic occurrences Form 1
65:4
وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى يَئِسْنَ مِنَ ٱلْمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَآئِكُمْ إِنِ ٱرْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَـٰثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى لَمْ يَحِضْنَ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰتُ ٱلْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِهِۦ يُسْرًا

Such of your women as have passed the age of monthly courses, for them the prescribed period, if ye have any doubts, is three months, and for those who have no courses (it is the same): for those who carry (life within their wombs), their period is until they deliver their burdens: and for those who fear Allah, He will make their path easy.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, A, Msb, K,) aor. تَحِيضُ , inf. n. حَيْضٌ and مَحِيضٌ (S, Msb, K) and مَحَاضٌ , (Aboo-Is-hák, K,) said of a woman, (S, A, Msb, K,) She menstruated; i. e. her blood flowed; (A;) or [rather] blood came forth from her womb; (Mgh;) [not in consequence of disease nor of childbirth, nor before she had attained to puberty; as explained in the law-books of the Muslims;] as also تحيّضت : or this latter signifies she likened herself to the حَائِض . (TA.) Also She attained the age of menstruation. (TA.) [See حَائِضٌ .] حَاضَتِ السَّمُرَةُ , (S, A, Msb,) aor. as above, (Msb,) inf. n. حَيْضٌ , (S, Msb,) The سمرة [or gum-acacia-tree] flowed with, (S,) or emitted, (A,) a matter resembling blood; (S, A;) flowed with its gum: (Msb:) the matter which it emits is called دُوَدِم ; and is applied to the head of a new-born infant to scare away the jánn, or genii. (A, TA: [but in a copy of the A, and in one instance in the TA, الشَّجَرَةُ is put in the place of السَّمُرَةُ , app. by mistake.]) [I have marked this signification as tropical on the authority of the A and TA; but the author of the Msb has commenced the art. with it; and shows that he held the opinion, which some others have shared with him, that it is the primary signification.] حَاضَ السَّيْلُ The torrent overflowed; or poured out, or forth, from fulness; or ran; syn. فَاضَ . (TA.)
Form 2حيّض المَرْأَةَ3 senses · 1 main
maṣdarتَحْيِيضٌ

Core sense — he attributed menstruation to a woman; he made the water flowgenerated

2.1

He attributed حَيْض, menstruation, to the woman.

2.1.1he had intercourse with his slave-girl while she was menstruating—حيّض جَارِيَتَهُ

.

2.1.2figurative · مجاز — inferredhe made the water flow—حيّض المَآءَ

Maṣdar as above.

Show Lane's original text
He attributed حَيْض [or menstruation] to the woman. (Msb.) حيّض جَارِيَتَهُ , (TK,) inf. n. تَحْيِيضٌ , (Sgh, K,) Tempore men- struorum inivit ancillam suam. (Sgh, K, TK.) حيّض المَآءَ , (TK,) inf. n. as above, (K,) He made the water to flow. (K, TA.)
Form 5تحيّضت2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — she menstruated; she abstained from prayer during her menstruationgenerated

5.1

See form 1.

5.1.1

Also: she abstained from prayer during the days of her حَيْض, her menstruation, waiting for the blood to stop.

Or she abstained, and did as the حَائِض does.

Or she reckoned herself حائض and did as the حائض does.

Show Lane's original text
: see 1. Also She abstained form prayer ( الصلاة ) during the days of her حَيْض [or menstruation]; (S, Msb, K, TA;) waiting for the stopping of the blood: (TA:) or she abstained, and did as the حَائِض does: (A, * Mgh:) or she reckoned herself حائض , and did as the حائض does. (TA.)
Form 10اُسْتُحِيضَتْ1 sense

Core sense — she continued to have a flow of blood after her menstrual daysgenerated

10.1

In the passive form, with damm on the ت, as though originally meaning: she was reckoned to be menstruating.

Found in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà as اِسْتَحْيَضَتْ, which I hold to be a mistake, as being at variance with general usage.

She continued to have a flow of blood after her days [of menstruation]; or she had an excess of blood [flowing from the vagina], not what is termed الحَيْض; or her blood flowed without stopping, not on certain days, and not from the vein [or veins] of menstruation, but from a vein called العَاذِلُ.

Show Lane's original text
, (S, Mgh, Msb,) in the pass. form, (Msb,) with damm to the ت , (Mgh,) [as though originally signifying She was reckoned to be menstruating,] found in the handwriting of Aboo-Zekereeyà اِسْتَحْيَضَتْ , (TA,) [which I hold to be a mistake, as being at variance with general usage,] She continued to have a flow of blood (S, Mgh) after her days [of menstruation]: (S:) or she had an exuberance of blood [flowing from the vagina]; not what is termed الحَيْض : (Msb:) or her blood flowed without stopping, not on certain days, nor from the vein [or veins] of menstruation, but from a vein called العَاذِلُ . (TA.)

Derived nouns 9

Nounحَيْضٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — menstruation; the menstrual blood; a matter flowing from gum-acacia treesgenerated

1

A maṣdar of form 1. Explained in the KT as the menstrual blood itself; this seems to have been more properly called حِيضَةٌ, مَحِيضٌ, and حِيَاضٌ, though what follows may be taken as making it likely that حَيْضٌ was also used in this sense in the classical times, for دَمُ حَيْضٍ.

1.1figurative · مجاز — inferreda thing which flows from the gum-acacia trees, resembling blood—حَيْضُ السَّمُرِ

That is, from the سَمُر, the gum-acacia trees; it resembles what is called دَمُ الغَزَالِ. [See also 1.]

Show Lane's original text
[an inf. n. of 1: explained in the KT as applied to The menstrual blood itself; which seems to have been more properly called حِيضَةٌ and مَحِيضٌ and حِيَاضٌ : though what here follows may be considered as rendering it probable that حَيْضٌ was also used in this sense in the classical times, for دَمُ حَيْضٍ ]. حَيْضُ السَّمُرِ A thing which flows from the سَمُر [or gum-acacia-trees], resembling [what is called] دَمُ الغَزَالِ . (Mgh.) [See also 1.]
Nounحَيْضَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — a single time of menstruation; a single flow of watergenerated

1she menstruated one single time—حَاضَتْ حَيْضَةً وَاحِدَةً

A single time, or turn, of menstruation, or of the flow of the menstrual blood.

Plural حِيَضٌ, like بِدَرٌ as plural of بَدْرَةٌ, ضِيَعٌ of ضَيْعَةٌ, حِيَدٌ of حَيْدَةٌ, and خِيَمٌ of خَيْمَةٌ, though by rule it should be حَيْضَاتٌ.

a long single time of menstruation—حَيْضَةً طَوِيلَةً
three single times of menstruation—ثَلَاثَ حِيَضٍ
1.1

As used by those who deal with practical law: the accustomed days of menstruation.

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: a single flow [of water and the like]; plural حَيْضَاتٌ.

Show Lane's original text
A single time, or turn, of menstruation, or of the flow of the menstrual blood: (S, * A, * Mgh, Msb: *) pl. حِيَضٌ ; (A, Msb;) like as بِدَرٌ is pl. of بَدْرَةٌ , and ضِيَعٌ of ضَيْعَةٌ , and حِيَدٌ of حَيْدَةٌ , and خِيَمٌ of خَيْمَةٌ ; though by rule it should be حَيْضَاتٌ . (Msb.) You say, حَاضَتْ حَيْضَةً وَاحِدَةً [She menstruated one single time of menstruation]: and حَيْضَةً طَوِيلَةً [a long single time thereof]: and ثَلَاثَ حِيَضٍ [three single times thereof]. (A.) As used by the professors of practical law, The accustomed days thereof. (Mgh.) Also A single flow [of water &c.]: pl. حَيْضَاتٌ . (TA.)
Nounحِيضَةٌ3 senses · 1 main

Core sense — menstruation; the menstrual blood; the rag a menstruating woman binds ongenerated

1

Menstruation; the noun from حَاضَتِ المَرْأَةُ.

Or a mode, manner, or state of حَيْض, of menstruating.

Or the state of the حَائِض, which is one of avoiding prayer and fasting and the like.

Plural حِيَضٌ.

1.1

Also: the menstrual blood, the blood of menstruation; and so مَحِيضٌ and حِيَاضٌ. [See also حَيْضٌ.]

1.2figurative · مجاز — inferred

Also: the piece of rag which the حَائِض binds over her vulva; and so مَحِيضةٌ, which also means a piece of rag thrown away. Plural of the latter, مَحَايِضُ.

Show Lane's original text
[Menstruation;] the subst. from حَاضَتِ المَرْأَةُ : (S, K, TA:) or a mode, or manner, or state, of حَيْض [or menstruating]: (Msb:) or the state (Mgh, TA) of the حَائِض , (TA,) which is one of avoidance (Mgh, TA) of prayer and fasting and the like: (Mgh:) pl. حِيَضٌ . (S, Msb.) Also The menstrual blood; the blood of menstruation; and so مَحِيضٌ and حِيَاضٌ . (TA.) [See also حَيْضٌ .] Also The piece of rag which the حَائِض binds over her vulva; (S, Mgh, * Msb, * K;) and so مَحِيضةٌ : (S:) which latter also signifies a piece of rag thrown away: (TA:) pl. of the latter, مَحَايِضُ . (S, TA.)
Nounحَيْضِىٌّ1 sense

Core sense — menstrual, relating to menstruationgenerated

1

[Menstrual; of, or relating to, menstruation.]

Show Lane's original text
[ Menstrual; of, or relating to, menstruation.]
Nounحِيَاضٌ1 sense

Core sense — menstruationgenerated

1

See حِيضَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حِيضَةٌ .
Nounحَائِضٌ2 senses · 1 main

Core sense — menstruating, said of a woman; one who has reached the age of menstruationgenerated

1

Applied to a woman: menstruating; the ism fāʿil from حَاضَتْ.

It is thus, without ة, because it is an adjective applying only to a female; and with ء it is like قَائِمٌ and صَائِمٌ and the like, [because the ى in its verb undergoes alteration.]

And in like manner حَائِضَةٌ also, on the authority of Fr.

Plural حُيَّضٌ, like رُكَّعٌ as plural of رَاكِعٌ; and حَاضَةٌ, like حَاكَةٌ as plural of حَائِكٌ; and of the latter, حَائِضَاتٌ or حَوَائِضُ.

1.1figurative · مجاز

In a certain tradition it is said that God will not accept the prayer of a حَائِض unless she is wearing a خِمَار, a head-covering. This does not mean one who is menstruating while actually praying, but one who has reached the age of menstruation, or one who has reached womanhood.

Or it does not have this meaning; for if it did, one would understand that a girl not yet arrived at puberty might pray with her head uncovered, which is not the case. Rather it means one of the menstruating kind, whether she has reached puberty or not, as though the word for female had been used in its place.

Show Lane's original text
, applied to a woman, [Menstruating;] act. part. n. from حَاضَتْ ; (S, Mgh, Msb, K;) thus, [without ة ,] because it is an epithet of particular application [to a female]; (Msb;) and with ء , being like قَائِمٌ and صَائِمٌ &c.; (TA;) [because the ى in its verb suffers alteration;] and in like manner حَائِضَةٌ also, (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) on the authority of Fr: (S:) pl. (of the former, Msb) حُيَّضٌ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) like as رُكَّعٌ is pl. of رَاكِعٌ , (Msb,) and حَاضَةٌ , like as حَاكَةٌ is pl. of حَائِكٌ , (TA,) and of the latter, حَائِضَاتٌ , (Msb,) or حَوَائِضُ . (S, Mgh, K.) In a certain trad., in which it is said that God will not accept the prayer of a حَائِض unless she be [attired] with a خِمَار [or head-covering], this does not mean one who is menstruating while actually occupied by prayer, (Msb, TA, *) but One who has attained to the age of menstruation; (TA;) or one who has attained to womanhood: (Mgh:) or it has not this meaning; for if it had, one would understand that a girl not arrived at puberty might pray with her head uncovered, which is not the case; but it means [one of] the menstruating kind, whether she have attained to puberty or not; as though the term female had been used in its place. (Msb.)
Nounمَحِيضٌ4 senses · 1 main

Core sense — menstruation; the place of menstruation; the time of menstruatinggenerated

1

It is a simple noun as well as a maṣdar. As a noun it is a noun of place, and as such it is [said to be] used in the Kur 2:222, meaning a woman's مَأْتًى, her فَرْج, because it is the place of الحَيْض.

Some say that حَوْضٌ is derived from this, because the water flows to the حوض; for the Arabs put و in place of ى, and ى in place of و.

Qur’ān 2:223 approximate — somewhere between 2:191 and 2:223 Lane cites “Kur ii. 222”
Qur’ān 2:222 located by this root inside the range Lane’s citation allows
وَيَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْمَحِيضِ ۖ قُلْ هُوَ أَذًى فَٱعْتَزِلُوا۟ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فِى ٱلْمَحِيضِ ۖ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَطْهُرْنَ ۖ فَإِذَا تَطَهَّرْنَ فَأْتُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلتَّوَّٰبِينَ وَيُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ

They ask thee concerning women's courses. Say: They are a hurt and a pollution: So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean. But when they have purified themselves, ye may approach them in any manner, time, or place ordained for you by Allah. For Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean.Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Qur’ān (1934)

1.1

It is also a noun of time, meaning the time of menstruating.

1.2

See also حِيضَةٌ.

1.3

When it is a simple noun, it has a plural, namely مَحَايِضُ.

Qur’ānic occurrences مَحِيض
2:222
وَيَسْـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلْمَحِيضِ ۖ قُلْ هُوَ أَذًى فَٱعْتَزِلُوا۟ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فِى ٱلْمَحِيضِ ۖ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوهُنَّ حَتَّىٰ يَطْهُرْنَ ۖ فَإِذَا تَطَهَّرْنَ فَأْتُوهُنَّ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلتَّوَّٰبِينَ وَيُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ

They ask thee concerning women's courses. Say: They are a hurt and a pollution: So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean. But when they have purified themselves, ye may approach them in any manner, time, or place ordained for you by Allah. For Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean.

65:4
وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى يَئِسْنَ مِنَ ٱلْمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَآئِكُمْ إِنِ ٱرْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَـٰثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى لَمْ يَحِضْنَ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰتُ ٱلْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِهِۦ يُسْرًا

Such of your women as have passed the age of monthly courses, for them the prescribed period, if ye have any doubts, is three months, and for those who have no courses (it is the same): for those who carry (life within their wombs), their period is until they deliver their burdens: and for those who fear Allah, He will make their path easy.

Occurrences of this form in the Qur’ān, not Lane’s choice of verse. They show the word in use; they do not say which sense above applies. Where more occur than are shown, the shortest āyāt are chosen.

Show Lane's original text
is a simple subst. as well as an inf. n.: (Zj, K:) as the former, it is a n. of place; and as such it is [said to be] used in the Kur ii. 222; meaning A woman's مَأْتًى ; (Zj;) her فَرْج ; (Mgh;) because it is the place of الحَيْض . (Zj, Mgh.) Some say that حَوْضٌ is hence derived; because the water flows to the حوض : (Az, K:) for the Arabs put و in the place of ى , and ى in that of و . (Az, TA.) It is also a n. of time [signifying The time of menstruating]. (TA.) See also حِيضَةٌ . When it is a simple subst., it has a pl., namely مَحَايِضُ . (TA.)
Nounمَحِيضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a piece of rag used by a menstruating womangenerated

1

See حِيضَةٌ.

Show Lane's original text
: see حِيضَةٌ .
Nounمُسْتَحَاضَةٌ1 sense

Core sense — a woman whose blood keeps flowing after her menstrual daysgenerated

1

A woman continuing to have a flow of blood after her days [of menstruation]; or having an excess of blood [flowing from her vagina], not what is termed الحَيْض; or having her blood flowing without stopping, not on certain days, and not from the vein [or veins] of menstruation, but from a vein called العَاذِلُ.

Show Lane's original text
A woman continuing to have a flow of blood after her days [of menstruation]: (S:) or having an exuberance of blood [flowing from her vagina]; not what is termed الحَيْض : (Msb:) or having her blood flowing without stopping, not on certain days, nor from the vein [or veins] of menstruation, but from a vein called العَاذِلُ . (K, * TA.)